RU2769604C1 - Water heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of heat engineering and can be used heating system control automation. It consists of supply (1) and return pipes (2), air intake (discharge) pipes (3), water drain pipes (4), (20) and a set of heating devices (5), hydraulically connected to each other. An electric valve (6) and a water flow sensor (7) are installed on the supply pipe (1), an electric valve (7) and a water flow sensor (9) are installed on the return pipe (2), an electric valve (11) is installed on the air intake (discharge) pipe (3), and on each of the water drain pipes (4) and (20), respectively, one electric valve (10) and (19) is installed. Under the water drain pipes (4) and (20) there is a heat-insulated tank (12), the lower part of which is hydraulically connected to the heating system through an electric pump (13) and an electric valve (14). The system also contains an electronic control unit (15), the input of which is connected to water flow sensors (8) and (9), and the output is connected to three-way electric valves (6) and (7), as well as electric valves (10), (11) and (14), an electric pump (13) and an annunciator (16). The second outlets of the three-way electric valves (6) and (7) are connected by pipes to a heat exchanger (17) installed in the lower part of a thermally insulated tank (12) having an overflow pipeline (18). As a drive for electric valves (10), (11), (14), (19) and three-way electric valves (6) and (7), electric motors can be used in the water heating system.

EFFECT: increase in energy efficiency and reliability of the water heating system.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of heat engineering and can be used in the automation of heating systems.

Known devices for a water heating system according to the book "Efficient heating systems for buildings", Stroyizdat, 1988, p. 94, fig. III. (4c) - [1] and the patent for invention RU 2285206 C1 dated 10.10.2006, F24D12/00, F24D3/02, "The heating system of a multi-storey building" - [2].

Water heating systems of a multi-storey building according to analogs [1] and [2] contain supply and return lines, supply and return risers connected to them, respectively, as well as heating elements located in the premises of a multi-storey building.

A disadvantage of the known heating systems of a multi-storey building according to [1] and [2] is their potential danger during depressurization. As a result, premises with material values located in them (food and clothing warehouses, etc.), in some cases irreplaceable and expensive, having historical value (archives, museums, libraries, etc.) can be flooded. Moreover, the depressurization of the water heating system can occur both naturally (corrosive, excess network pressure, defective shut-off and control valves, etc.), and during natural (earthquakes, fires, etc.) and terrorist or military actions.

Known "Water heating system" according to the patent for the invention RU 2372560 C1 dated 11/10/2009, F24D10/00 - [3], consisting of straight (hot) and return (cooled) pipes, air discharge pipes, water drain pipes and a set of heating devices , hydraulically interconnected, installed on the direct and on the return pipes, one shut-off electrovalve each, and also contains an electronic control unit with system depressurization sensors and two drain electrovalves and an electric pump. Two drain solenoid valves are respectively installed on the direct and return pipes after the shut-off solenoid valves, the outlets of the solenoid valves are connected to each other and to the inlet of the electric pump, the outlet of which is connected to the sewer pipeline. The electronic control unit contains system depressurization sensors in the form of water detection sensors. Valves (electric valves) driven by electric motors can be used as shut-off and drain electrovalves (electric valves).

The disadvantage of analogue [3] is that in the event of an accident of the water heating system, the water is drained irretrievably, for example, into the sewerage system of the building, which leads to losses of both the water itself (specially prepared, that is, it has been treated for use in the heating system), and potentially useful heat, lost hot water.

Known "Water heating system" according to the patent for invention RU 2313731 C1 dated 27.12.2007, IPC F24D10 / 00 - [4], consisting of hot and return pipes, air discharge pipes, water drain pipes and a set of heating devices hydraulically connected to each other , one solenoid valve (electric valve) and a water flow sensor are installed on the hot and return pipes, and one solenoid valve (electric valve) is installed on the air discharge and water drain pipes. Under the water drain pipe there is a container, the lower part of which is hydraulically connected to the heating system through an electrovalve (electric valve) and an electric pump. The water heating system also includes an annunciator and an electronic unit, the input of which is connected to water flow sensors, and the output is connected to electrovalves, an electric pump and an annunciator.

The disadvantage of analogue [4] is that after draining the water from the heating system, its repair can take a long time, during which the drained water in the tank in the cold season can freeze. In this case, the container itself can be destroyed, and when the risers with a negative temperature are filled with cold (cooled) water, ice plugs can form, and the pipelines themselves can also be destroyed. In the warm season, the water in the tank will also cool down and the heat of the drained heated water (in the tank) will be lost. In addition, it can be noted that with the subsequent (after the electronic unit (control) is triggered to drain the water) power outage, the water heating system, according to analogy [4], automatically returns to its original state, in which the flooding of the premises continues. One of the disadvantages is that water is drained by gravity through a flow meter, which significantly increases the drain time and the amount of water spilled into the premises, and this increases the material damage of an accident in the water heating system.

The prototype of the claimed technical solution is the "Water heating system" according to the invention patent RU 2746028 C1 dated February 26, 2020, IPC F24D3 / 00 - [5], which consists of a supply and return pipes, an air discharge pipe, a set of heating devices hydraulically connected between itself, pipes for draining water from the return pipe and a complex of heating devices. One three-way electric valve and a water flow sensor are installed on the hot supply and return pipes, and one electric valve is installed on the air discharge and water drain pipes. Under the pipe for draining water from the return pipe and the complex of heating devices, a heat-insulated container with an overflow pipeline is located on all sides, the lower part of the container is hydraulically connected to the heating system through an electric pump and an electric valve. The second outlets of the three-way electric valves are connected by pipelines to a heat exchanger installed at the bottom of the tank. The water heating system also contains an electronic control unit, the input of which is connected to water flow sensors, and the output is connected to electric valves, an electric pump and an annunciator. In this case, electric motors can be used as a drive for electric valves and three-way electric valves. The container can be installed on a heat-insulating base, covered with a layer of heat-insulation on the sides and closed from above with a lid made of heat-insulating material. Also, in addition to improve the thermal insulation properties, the container can be made of a durable, porous, heat-insulating and waterproofing material.

The disadvantage of the prototype [5] is that the water in the prototype is drained only from a complex of heating devices hydraulically connected to each other and a return pipe - a return pipeline of the heating network (in the building) in the area after the three-way electric valve and flow meter. At the same time, the discharge of water from the supply pipe of the heating network located in the building after the three-way electric valve and the flow meter - its horizontal and vertical sections, both according to the prototype [5] and analog [4] is not provided. Therefore, after draining the water from the heating system (according to [5], and according to [4]), when its repair can take a long time and not drained water in the cold season in the horizontal and vertical sections of the direct pipeline of the task can freeze, and lead to decomposition these areas.

Also, during the operation of the heating system according to the prototype [5], depressurization of the horizontal and vertical sections of the straight pipe can occur, as a result of which, as in analogs [1] and [2], the premises with the material values located in them can be flooded.

From the shortcomings of the prototype [5] and analogue [4], the task of ensuring the drainage of water from all elements of the heating system of the task, namely, both from the complex of its heating devices, and from all sections of its direct and return pipes, follows.

The essence of the claimed technical solution is that the “water heating system” (with a drain tank) consists of a supply and return pipes, an air outlet pipe, a set of heaters hydraulically connected to each other, a water drain pipe from the return pipe and a set of heaters. One three-way electric valve and a water flow sensor are installed on the hot supply and return pipes, and one electric valve is installed on the air discharge and water drain pipes. Under the pipe for draining water from the return pipe and the complex of heating devices, a heat-insulated container with an overflow pipeline is located on all sides, the lower part of the container is hydraulically connected to the heating system through an electric pump and an electric valve. The second outlets of the three-way electric valves are connected by pipelines to a heat exchanger installed at the bottom of the tank. The water heating system also contains an electronic control unit, the input of which is connected to water flow sensors, and the output is connected to electric valves, an electric pump and an annunciator. At the same time, the lower point of the supply pipe after the first exit of its three-way electric valve and the water flow sensor through an additional electric valve is connected by a pipe for draining water from the supply pipe into a heat-insulated container. In addition, electric motors can be used as a drive for electric valves and three-way electric valves.

The technical result consists in increasing the reliability of the water heating system by completely draining water from all its elements in case of depressurization.

Graphic materials explaining the essence of the utility model are represented by two figures:

The figure 1 shows a drawing of the claimed scheme of the water heating system (hereinafter referred to as the system) in General view.

The figure 2 is a drawing of the system of figure 1, adapted for the supply and return risers of a multi-storey building.

The figure 1 indicates: 1 - supply pipe; 2 - return pipe; 3 - air inlet (discharge) pipe, 4 - water drain pipe from the return pipe and a set of heating devices; 5 - a complex of heating devices is generalized and conventionally designated as one radiator; 6 - water three-way electric valve of the supply pipeline; 7 - water three-way electric valve of the return pipeline; 8 - water flow sensor of the supply pipeline with an electronic output; 9 - return water flow sensor with electronic output; 10 - an electric valve for emergency draining of water from the return pipe and a set of heating devices; 11 - electric valve for emergency air inlet into the system when water (coolant) is drained from it; 12 - thermally insulated container (with a thermally insulated lid) for emergency draining of water from the system and its storage in a hot state during the repair of the system; 13 - electric pump for pumping water from a heat-insulated tank (12) into the system after its repair; 14 - electric valve for pumping water with an electric pump (13) into the system after its repair; 15 - electronic control unit; 16 - annunciator; 17 - water-to-water heat exchanger located at the bottom of the heat-insulated tank (12); 18 - overflow pipeline from the heat-insulated container (12) to the sewerage system; 19 - an electric valve for emergency draining of water from horizontal and vertical sections of a straight pipe of a building; 20 - a pipe for draining water from horizontal and vertical sections of a straight pipe of a building. Electric valves (10), (11), (14), as well as three-way electric valves (6) and (7) are driven by an electric motor, and are characterized by the fact that at the time of a possible power outage they do not change their state: “open” - “ closed."

Figure 2 additionally marked: 1.1 - main hot water riser (from the supply pipe (1)); 2.1, 2.2…2.i - risers of return pipes from the respective heaters (5); 5.1, 5.2 ... 5.i - heaters of the corresponding building heating risers (to simplify the declared device scheme, a simple one-pipe heating system of a multi-storey building is given as an example).

The system consists of a set of heating devices (5) in Fig. 1 and, (5.1), (5.2), (5.i) in Figs. 2, supply (1) and return (2) pipes. A three-way electric valve (6) and a water flow sensor (8) are installed on the supply pipe (1), and a three-way electric valve (7) and a water flow sensor (9) are installed on the return pipe (2). The system is equipped with an air inlet (exhaust) pipe (3) with an electric valve (11) and a water drain pipe (4) with an electric valve (10). Under the water drain pipe there is a heat-insulated container (12) with a heat-insulated lid. The bottom of the thermally insulated tank (12) is hydraulically connected to the heating device complex (5) through the electric pump (13) and the electric valve (14). Water flow sensors (7) and (9) are electrically connected to the electronic unit (15), which, in turn, is connected by electric control lines (not numbered in the figures) to all electric valves: (6), (7), (10), ( 11) and (14), electric pump (13) and annunciator (16). The lower point of the supply pipe (1) after the first exit of its three-way electric valve (6) and the water flow sensor (8), through an additional electric valve (19) is connected by a water drain pipe (20) from the supply pipe (1) to a heat-insulated container (12).

In the operating mode of the system, the three-way electric valves (6) and (7) are open (operate in the "0-1" mode), and the electric valves (10), (11), (14) and (19) are closed. Hot water through the pipeline (1) through the electric valve (6) and the water flow sensor (8) enters the complex of heating devices (5), where it cools down and leaves this complex (5) through the return pipe (2) through the water flow sensor (9 ) and a three-way solenoid valve (7). In this case, the water flow rates through the hot and return pipes are equal to each other, which is fixed (corrected for the reading error) by water flow sensors (8) and (9).

In the event of a depressurization of the heating system (water leakage), the readings of the water flow sensors (8) and (9) begin to diverge, while the electronic unit (15) reacts to this in one of two ways. If the degree of depressurization is small, then the electronic unit (15) turns on only the annunciator (16), if it is large, it turns on the annunciator (16) and sends a signal to switch the three-way electric valves (6) and (7) to the “0-2” mode position, with in which hot water (heat carrier) begins to flow through the water-to-water heat exchanger (17) located at the bottom of the heat-insulated container (12). After that, the electronic unit (15) opens in series the electric valve (10) and (19) to drain water from the entire heating system and the electric valve (11) to let air into the heating system, to quickly and completely drain water (heat carrier) from the heating system of the building. In this case, hot water (coolant) begins to drain from the system into a heat-insulated container (12) through pipelines (4) and (20). At the bottom of the heat-insulated tank (12) there is a water-to-water heat exchanger (17) with hot water already circulating through it, for heating the drained water from the building's heating system.

After the repair of the heating system, it is brought to its original operating condition in manual mode. Signals are sent through the electronic unit (15) to close the electric valves (10) and (19) - draining the water, then to open the electric valve (14) and start the electric pump (13). As a result, hot water from the thermally insulated container (12) will fill the heating system after some time along the reverse path of the initial emergency water drain. Then, through the electronic unit (15), sequential signals are sent to turn off the electric pump (13), to close the (water) electric valve (14), and also to close the (air) electric valve (11). After filling the heating system with hot water from a heat-insulated container (12), signals are sent through the electronic unit (15) to switch the three-way electric fans (6) and (7) to the “0-1” mode position, at which the heating system starts to operate in normal mode. Air from the upper points of the water heating system can be additionally bled off by a short-term (and controlled) opening of the (air) electric valve (11) located in the upper part of the main riser (1.1), as well as standard automatic air vents (not shown in figures 1 and 2). When switching the three-way electric fans (6) and (7) from the “0-2” position to the “0-1” mode position, the water-to-water heat exchanger (17) located at the bottom of the heat-insulated tank (12) is turned off and water is also drained from it, especially in the cold season, for example, with a conventional valve (not shown in figures 1 and 2) or its partial temporary disconnection.

This water heating system has increased reliability (due to complete draining of water) and energy efficiency (due to heating the drained water and minimizing heat losses from it), and also minimizes damage to the task premises and valuables located in them in the event of depressurization elements of the system.

The claimed water heating system in conjunction with the restrictive and distinctive features of the invention is not known from the prior art of well-known systems, and was not found in the literature, and, therefore, meets the criterion of "novelty".

The implementation of a water heating system with the given set of features does not present any structural, technical and technological difficulties; it can be carried out using devices known and widely produced by the industry, which implies compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The implementation of a water heating system with the given set of features does not present any structural, technical and technological difficulties; it can be carried out using devices known and widely produced by the industry, which implies compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The implementation of the claimed technical solution compared to analogue [4] additionally allows you to increase the speed of draining water from both the direct pipe and the return pipe with a complex of building heating devices, since the water is not drained through flow sensors, but directly without additional hydraulic resistances, which also increases the reliability of the claimed system, and also minimizes the material damage.

Literature

1. The book "Efficient heating systems for buildings", Stroyizdat, 1988, p. 94, fig. III. (4c).

2. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2285206 C1 dated 10/10/2006, F24D12 / 00, F24D3 / 02, “Heating system of a multi-storey building”.

3. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2372560 C1 dated 11/10/2009, F24D10/00, "Water heating system".

4. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2313731 C1 dated 12/27/2007, IPC F24D10 / 00, "Water heating system".

5. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2746028 C1 dated February 26, 2020, IPC F24D3 / 00 "Water heating system" - prototype.

Claims (2)

1. A water heating system, consisting of a supply and return pipes, an air discharge pipe, a set of heating devices hydraulically interconnected, a pipe for draining water from the return pipe and a set of heating devices, one three-way electric valve is installed on the hot supply and return pipes and a water flow sensor, and one electric valve is installed on the air discharge and water drain pipes, and under the water drain pipe from the return pipe and the heating device complex, a heat-insulated tank with an overflow pipeline is located on all sides, the lower part of the tank is hydraulically connected to the system through an electric pump and an electric valve heating, the second outputs of three-way electric valves are connected by pipelines to a heat exchanger installed in the lower part of the tank, and also containing an electronic control unit, the input of which is connected to water flow sensors, and the output is connected to electric valves, an electric pump and an alarm, characterized in that the lower The main point of the supply pipe after the first exit of its three-way electric valve and the water flow sensor through an additional electric valve is connected by a pipe for draining water from the supply pipe into a heat-insulated container. 2. A water heating system with a drain tank according to claim 1, characterized in that electric motors are used as a drive for electric valves and three-way electric valves.

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