RU2769186C1 - Method for purifying gas from impurities when reducing pressure and apparatus for implementation thereof (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: treatment of gases.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the petroleum, chemical, and gas industries and can be applied in the processes of purifying and separating natural and petroleum gases when reducing the pressure. The method for purifying gas from impurities when reducing the pressure consists in passing pressurised gas through a column of liquid. The column of liquid fills a sealed container of any shape connected with a drainage branch pipe equipped with a valve, wherein impurities are removed from the gas through said branch pipe. The apparatus for purifying gas from impurities when reducing the pressure consists of a container of any shape, with a filler neck in the upper part equipped with a shutoff valve filled with a liquid, connected with a high-pressure gas supply branch pipe in the lower part. In the upper part, the container is connected with a low-pressure gas removal branch pipe. The branch pipes are equipped with shutoff valves. The container is also connected with the drainage branch pipe equipped with a valve.

EFFECT: group of inventions provides an increase in the reliability and fault-free operation of the gas purification system, reduction in the risk of incidents related with destruction or partial mechanical wear of the shutoff valves and pipelines.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES.

The invention relates to the oil, chemical and gas industries and can be used in the purification and separation of natural and petroleum gases with pressure reduction.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The prior art separator for gas purification, which is designed to remove fine and aerosol liquid and solid particles from the gas stream in the field of centrifugal forces (RU 2221625 C1, 20.01.2004). The specified separator has a cylindrical body with a horizontal cover, as well as inlet, outlet and drain pipes with connecting points for the installation of pipeline and shutoff and control valves. Inside the housing there is a deflector and a vertical separation package consisting of flat curved and arcuate plates. The inlet branch pipe in conjunction with the deflector forms a tangential inlet into the body of the gas-liquid mixture sent for cleaning. An annular trap pocket is installed in the upper inner part of the separation package in the opening of the lid, which ensures the accumulation of condensate separated from the gas and communicates with the outlet pipe.

The main disadvantage of the known separator is the absence of a filter element, which does not allow to effectively clean the gas stream from fine droplets and particles of mechanical impurities at an unstable gas flow rate. Another disadvantage lies in the complexity of the design of the vertical separation package, which consists of a large number of elements of complex spatial shape, made with a curved outer surface.

Known separator designed for the deposition of polydisperse liquid particles from a gas stream in a centrifugal field (SU 1066629 A, 01/15/1984). This separator consists of a vertical cylindrical body divided into chambers by horizontal partitions with axial holes, on which a confuser and a diffuser with inclined perforations are hermetically mounted. The separator is made with a cover, bottom, tangential inlet, outlet and drain branch pipes with connecting points for installation of pipeline and shut-off and control valves. Inside the housing there is a separation element, which is made in the form of curvilinear blades installed along a multi-start Archimedes spiral.

The disadvantages of the known separator include the absence of a filter element, which does not allow high-quality cleaning of the gas stream from fine particles in the case of an unstable gas flow rate, the complexity of the design, as well as the significant overall dimensions of the product in height due to the presence of a multi-tiered separation unit.

Also known is a separator for cleaning low-pressure natural gas produced from a methane-coal well (RU 2287682 C1, 20.11.2006). Said separator consists of a cylindrical body with a tangential inlet pipe, a cover and a bottom. In the cover and in the bottom there are axial channels with connecting places for the installation of pipeline and shut-off and control valves. Inside the housing coaxially and sequentially along its height in the direction from top to bottom, interconnected casing, funnel and drainage pipe are placed. A swirler in the form of a guide vane with blades and a frame with a filter element made in the form of a hollow cylinder are also installed in the housing. The filter element is located on the outer side surface of the frame. In the annular space between the outer surface of the casing and the inner surface of the housing, with the possibility of interacting with them, there is a guide element made in the form of a cylindrical spiral. The direction of winding of this spiral coincides with the direction of movement of the gas flow inside the housing. The disadvantages of the known separator are the lack of efficiency, especially at small values of excess gas pressure at the inlet, as well as the complexity of manufacturing due to the use of a swirler in the design in the form of a guide vane with blades of complex spatial shape.

A device for purifying natural gas is known (Author's certificate No. 869796, 07.10.1981, B01D 45/12), consisting of a cylindrical housing in which one cylindrical filter element is coaxially installed, put on a perforated tube (frame). A section (casing) made in the form of a truncated cone is installed coaxially to the filter element and the housing, in which swirlers (swirlers) are installed at the inlet and at a certain distance along the length of the filter element. At the outlet of the section, a partition is installed to seal the clean gas chamber. The ratio of the section diameter at the swirler installation site to the filter element diameter is assumed to be (1.2-2.5):1. The angle of installation of the swirler blades to the axis of the filter element varies along the length within 15-85°. The disadvantage of this device is the insufficiently efficient use of the housing volume for mounting filter elements in it, due to which the total filtering surface is not large enough, in addition, the device is intended only for gas purification from liquid and has no outlet for mechanical impurities. However, in terms of gas purification from impurities, this device is taken as a prototype.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The problem to which the invention is directed is to eliminate the above disadvantages with greater efficiency of the process compared to the prototype.

The technical result achieved by using the proposed invention is to increase the reliability and trouble-free operation of the gas purification system, reduce the risk of incidents associated with the destruction or partial mechanical wear of valves and pipelines.

In order to solve this problem, a method is proposed for gas purification from impurities with pressure reduction, which consists in passing the gas through a column of liquid having a low gas solubility coefficient, which is filled in a sealed container of any shape, through a filler neck equipped with shutoff valves, while the container connected in the lower part to a high-pressure gas supply pipe, and in the upper part to a low-pressure gas outlet pipe, while the pipes can be equipped with shut-off valves, while the container is connected to a drain pipe equipped with a valve through which impurities are removed from the device .

Accordingly, the gas purification device from impurities during pressure reduction consists of a container of any shape, having a filler neck in the upper part, equipped with shut-off valves filled with a liquid having a low gas solubility coefficient, connected in the lower part to a high-pressure gas supply pipe, and in the upper part with a low-pressure gas outlet pipe, while the pipes can be equipped with shut-off valves, and the container is also connected to a drain pipe equipped with a valve.

At the same time, a method for reducing gas pressure is known (RU 2584742 C1, 01.12.2014), which consists in the fact that (Fig. 1) the gas is passed through a column of liquid (1), which has a low gas solubility coefficient, which is partially filled with a sealed container of any shape ( 2), through the filler neck (6) equipped with shut-off valves, while the container is connected in the lower part to the high-pressure gas supply pipe (3), and in the upper part to the low-pressure gas outlet pipe (4), while the pipes can be equipped with shut-off valves (5).

An additional positive effect of using the gas pressure reduction method is the possibility of gas purification from mechanical and chemical impurities during operation. In this case, the container is connected in the lower part to the drain pipe (7), equipped with shut-off valves, through which these impurities are removed from the device.

With a multi-stage variant of gas pressure reduction (Fig. 2), at each stage it is possible to purify the gas from a certain type of impurities by using the required type of liquid to be filled and additional equipment of the vessel.

To achieve maximum effect, some gas supply pipes can be equipped with appropriate atomizers, the liquid is filled with adsorbents, the tank is equipped with strainers and/or swirlers with traps.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In FIG. 1 shows a device for reducing gas pressure, in which the proposed Method for purifying gas from impurities is implemented.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows a variant of a multi-stage gas pressure reduction device in which the proposed method for gas purification from impurities is implemented.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The proposed technical solution for gas purification from impurities when reducing gas pressure is characterized by simplicity of technical implementation, and possible options for devices using the specified gas purification method consist of typical parts, do not contain complex structural elements, and therefore are distinguished by ease of manufacture, high maintainability and reliability. in operation.

Claims (2)

1. A method of gas purification from impurities when pressure is reduced, which consists in the fact that gas under pressure is passed through a column of liquid that fills a sealed container of any shape, connected to a drain pipe equipped with a valve through which impurities in the gas are removed. 2. A device for gas purification from impurities during pressure reduction, consisting of a container of any shape, having a filler neck in the upper part, equipped with shut-off valves filled with liquid, connected in the lower part to a high-pressure gas supply pipe, and in the upper part to a gas outlet pipe reduced pressure, while the pipes are equipped with shut-off valves, and the tank is also connected to a drain pipe equipped with a valve.

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