RU2767039C1 - Driver for led luminaire - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power supply devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power supply devices for LED lamps, in particular to drivers for LED lamps for use in the field of lighting. The effect is achieved by the fact that the driver includes a board on which a network rectifier diode bridge is installed, power switches, diodes, capacitors, a filter for suppression of common-mode and differential noise, current-measuring resistors, an LED module, an analysis and control unit for a power switch using the PFM/PWM algorithm, an output current stabilization unit, a high-voltage capacitor, an electromagnetic compatibility unit, consisting of a protection unit against high-energy microsecond impulse noise of more than 1500 V, including varistors, a thermistor and an arrester located on the printed circuit board, a common-mode and differential noise suppression filter. The driver contains an active power corrector unit, consisting of an inductance coil, a power switch, a rectifier diode, current-measuring resistors of the output capacitor, an output voltage analysis unit and a transistor control. The rectifier diode and current-measuring resistors are connected in series with the load, and the power switch and the output capacitor are connected in parallel. The driver contains a power supply connected in parallel with the output of the network rectifier diode bridge. The output current stabilization unit is connected to the output of the active power factor corrector unit and additionally contains current measuring resistors, a power transistor, a rectifier diode, an output capacitor, an inductor and an output current setting unit.

EFFECT: creation of a driver with a function of protection against impulse noise of high energy (up to 10 kV), an increase in the power factor, the ability to work at phase-to-phase voltage, the possibility of precise manual adjustment of the output power of the luminaire, as well as protection against prolonged exposure to high voltage.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to power supply devices for LED lamps, in particular to drivers for LED lamps for lighting applications.

Drivers for LED fixtures must provide current limiting and some degree of current control. LED current control has two tasks: current limiting to prevent thermal failure due to the high temperature of the LED, and current regulation to keep the LED current within a certain range to account for fluctuations in LED parameters and fluctuations in the input voltage of the LED driver.

Another approach to building an LED light driver has been to use pulse-width modulation (PWM) using feedback to sense the LED array current and actively control the LED array current.

A utility model is known according to patent No. 128433 (IPK H05V 33/02, 05/20/13), where the tasks of protecting the lamp from power surges, increasing the power factor, and eliminating output current ripple at a frequency of up to 1 kHz are solved. A driver for an LED lamp, which includes a board on which a mains rectifier, a power switch, a diode, capacitors, an output current analysis and stabilization unit are installed by controlling the power switch of the output current stabilization circuit, while the board is additionally equipped with:

- mains socket,

- protective element against voltage surges,

- common mode filter,

- block for stabilizing the output voltage by controlling the power switch according to the PWM / PWM algorithm,

- high frequency step down transformer,

- power switch (transistor) of the output current stabilization circuit,

- resistors for measuring current on the LED strip,

- a unit for analyzing the output voltage and transmitting a control signal (power switch) to a voltage stabilization unit,

- the output voltage stabilization unit and the power switch are connected in parallel;

- the diode and the power switch are connected in series with each other and in parallel with the rest of the circuit elements; a diode and one or two capacitors connected in parallel constitute a rectifier circuit; the output voltage analysis unit is connected in parallel with the rectifier circuit; block for analyzing and stabilizing the output current, the power switch of the output current stabilization circuit are included in a serial circuit.

The disadvantages of this solution in comparison with the claimed invention are low protection against microsecond impulse noise, which can withstand impulses up to 2 kV, lower efficiency (about 87%), limitation on the maximum output power up to 70-80 W, as well as the inability to work on phase-to-phase voltage

An invention is known according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2735022 (H05V 33/02, H05V 37/02, 02/06/2020) from which a driver for an LED lamp is known, including a board on which a network rectifier diode bridge, power switches, diodes, capacitors, common-mode and differential interference suppression filter, current-measuring resistors, LED module, power switch analysis and control unit according to the PWM/PWM algorithm, high-voltage capacitor, electromagnetic compatibility unit, consisting of a high-energy microsecond impulse noise protection unit of more than 1500 V, including varistors , a thermistor and a spark gap located on the printed circuit board, a common-mode and differential noise suppression filter, which includes chokes and capacitors.

The disadvantages of the known solution in comparison with the claimed invention are protection against microsecond impulse noise, which can withstand pulses up to 2 kV, lower efficiency (about 90%), maximum output power limited to 60 watts. impossibility of work on phase-to-phase voltage.

The technical result is the creation of a driver with the function of protection against high-energy impulse noise (up to 10 kV), an increase in power factor, the ability to work at phase-to-phase voltage, the ability to accurately manually adjust the output power of the lamp, and protection against prolonged exposure to increased voltage.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the driver for the LED lamp includes a board on which a network rectifier diode bridge, power switches, diodes, capacitors, a filter for suppressing common-mode and differential noise, current-measuring resistors, an LED module, a unit for analyzing and controlling a power switch using the PFM / PWM algorithm, a block stabilization of the output current, a high-voltage capacitor, an electromagnetic compatibility unit, consisting of a block for protecting against microsecond impulse noise of high energy over 1500 V, including varistors, a thermistor and a spark gap located on a printed circuit board, a filter for suppressing common-mode and differential noise, including chokes and capacitors. In this case, the driver contains an active power corrector unit, consisting of an inductor, a power switch, a rectifier diode, current-measuring resistors of the output capacitor, a unit for analyzing the output voltage and controlling the transistor, moreover, the rectifier diode and current-measuring resistors are connected in series with the load, and the power switch and the output capacitor in parallel, while the driver additionally contains a microcircuit power supply connected in parallel to the output of the network rectifier diode bridge, an output current stabilization unit connected to the output of the active power factor corrector and additionally contains current-measuring resistors, a power transistor, a rectifier diode, an output capacitor, an inductor and a node output current setting.

In addition, the electromagnetic compatibility unit additionally contains a protection unit against prolonged exposure to increased voltage, made in the form of a separate module and with the possibility of attaching to the driver.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where

in fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a driver for an LED lamp;

in fig. 2 shows a general view of the driver from above;

in fig. 3 shows a general view of the driver from below;

in fig. 4 shows a general view of the driver with a protection module against prolonged exposure to increased voltage.

The driver circuit for an LED lamp includes the following elements placed on a printed circuit board.

Block 1 of electromagnetic compatibility, which includes a node of protection against electromagnetic interference of high energy 2, containing several thermistors connected in parallel with high dissipation energy 3, included in the circuit in series in a phase line. Parallel to the input voltage, two series-connected varistors 4 are connected, the middle point of which is connected through a spark gap 5 to the ground wire, and a series-connected varistor 6 and a spark gap 7 are also connected in parallel to the input voltage. The combination of elements connected in this way allows achieving a technical result, namely, driver protection for LED lamp against high energy impulse noise up to 10kV.

Further, according to the diagram, there is a node 8 of the common-mode and differential noise filter, which is a capacitor 9 connected in parallel to the input voltage, a common-mode choke 10, one of the windings of which is located in the phase line, the other in the neutral line, another output capacitor 11 connected in parallel to the windings, a differential choke 12, made in the form of separate inductances located in the phase and neutral lines. In addition, in parallel with the output capacitor 11 of the common mode and differential noise suppression filter assembly 8, two series-connected ceramic capacitors 13 are connected, the midpoint of which is connected to the ground wire. The combination of elements connected in this way makes it possible to achieve a technical result, namely, an increase in the power factor of the driver.

Node 14 protection against prolonged exposure to high voltage, in a particular case of implementation, can be made in the form of a module to the main device, connected to the output of node 8 of the common mode and differential noise filter and includes node 15 of the input voltage analysis and power switch 16, the output of the node 15 of the analysis input voltage is connected to the control output of the power switch 16, which in turn is connected in series to the neutral line of the rectified voltage. These elements make it possible to achieve the technical result of protection against prolonged exposure to increased voltage.

An AC/DC rectifier 17 is connected to the output of the EMC block 1, and a power supply unit for microcircuits 18 is connected to its output. Also, a block 19 of an active power corrector is connected to the output of the AC/DC rectifier 17 (network rectifier diode bridge), containing a unit 20 for analyzing the output voltage and transistor control, current-measuring resistors 21, power switch 22, rectifier diode 23, output capacitor 24, inductor 25, moreover, current-measuring resistors 21 are located in the negative contact line, their output is connected to node 20 for analyzing the output voltage and controlling the transistor. An inductor 25 is located in the positive contact line, to its output, in parallel with the positive and negative lines, a power switch 22 is connected, the control contact of which is connected to the node 20 for analyzing the output voltage and controlling the transistor. A power rectifier diode 23 is connected to the output of the inductor 25, and a high-voltage output capacitor 24 is connected in parallel with the output contacts of the active power corrector block 19. The elements connected in this way, operating in accordance with the algorithm of the voltage boost converter, allow achieving the technical result of increasing the power factor.

The output current stabilization unit 26, connected to the output of the active power factor corrector unit 19, includes a current analysis unit 27 through the LED module and transistor control, a power transistor 28, current-measuring resistors 29, a rectifier (power) diode 30, an output capacitor 31, an inductor 32 , the output current setting node 33. Moreover, the current measuring resistors 29 are connected in series with the LED module 34 in the negative voltage line, the output signal from the resistors 29 is fed to the output current setting node 33, the signal from which, in turn, is fed to the current analysis and transistor control node 27 . The presence of node 33 setting the output current allows you to achieve the technical result, the possibility of precise manual adjustment of the output power of the lamp. The power transistor 28 is connected in series in the positive line of the block, the control electrode is connected to the node 27 for analyzing the output current and controlling the transistor. The rectifier (power) diode 30 is connected with a positive electrode to the output electrode of the transistor 28, a negative electrode to the current-measuring resistors 29. The inductor 32 is connected in series with the LED module 34 in the positive voltage line. An output capacitor 31 is connected in parallel with the LED module 34.

The driver circuit for the LED lamp includes the following elements placed on the printed circuit board: AC/DC rectifier 17 (network rectifier diode bridge), power switches (22; 28), diodes (23; 28), capacitors 9, 11, common mode and differential noise filter 8, current sense resistors (21; 29), LED module 34, node (20; 27) for analysis and control of the power key according to the PWM / PWM algorithm, high-voltage capacitor (24; 31), block 1 of electromagnetic compatibility, consisting of block 2 of protection against microsecond impulse noise of high energy, including varistors 4, 6, a thermistor 3 and a spark gap 5, 7 located on the printed circuit board, a filter 8 for suppressing common-mode and differential noise, including chokes 10, 12 and capacitors 9, 11, 13.

In addition, the driver contains an active power corrector unit 19, consisting of an inductor 25, a power switch 22, a rectifier diode 23, current-measuring resistors 21, an output capacitor 24, a node 20 for analyzing the output voltage and controlling a transistor, moreover, a rectifier diode 23 and current-measuring resistors 21 are connected in series with the load, and the power switch 22 and the output capacitor 24 are in parallel, while the driver additionally contains a microcircuit power supply 18 connected in parallel to the output of the AC / DC rectifier 17 (network rectifier diode bridge), an output current stabilization unit 26, additionally containing a tuning unit 33 output current, located between the current-measuring resistors 29 and the current analysis unit 27 through the LED module, which includes filters, an amplifying element, and a trimmer resistor.

Block 1 of electromagnetic compatibility and protection additionally contains node 14 protection against prolonged exposure to increased voltage, made in the form of a separate module, with the possibility of attaching to the main driver.

The driver for the LED device works as follows.

The alternating voltage of the network 220V is supplied to the elements of block 1 of electromagnetic compatibility . This block consists of node 2 of protection against microsecond impulse noise of high energy, as well as node 8 of the filter for suppressing common-mode and differential noise, which includes common-mode 10 and differential 12 chokes and capacitors 9, 11, 13.

If the mains voltage is 220V µs. i.p. in node 2 of protection against microsecond impulse interference of high energy, the series-connected thermistor 3, spark gap 5, 7 and varistor 4, 6 are triggered, and thereby the amplitude of the μs.i.p. decreases. Residual voltage µs.i.p. is smoothed on the chokes 10, 12 and capacitors 9, 11 in the node 8 of the common-mode and differential noise filter and then goes to the second stage of the protection unit against microsecond impulse noise, where the varistor 36 is triggered and the amplitude of the microseconds decreases. i.p. to safe, for the voltage driver to work.

The electromagnetic compatibility unit 1 contains a node 14 for protection against prolonged exposure to increased voltage, which can be made as a module to the main device 35. The module includes an input voltage analysis node 15, which, when a predetermined threshold is exceeded, generates a pulse to the input of the power switch 16, which closes and prevents the driver from operating at increased input voltage. The driver can stay in this mode for a long time. After the input voltage drops to an acceptable threshold, the power switch opens and the driver continues to work in normal mode.

When the mains voltage passes through the block 1 of electromagnetic compatibility, interference from the network is suppressed, which can affect the operation of the driver, as well as to suppress the interference created by the driver in the 220V network to the established standards, to prevent the impact on third-party devices connected to the same network that and driver.

Further, the alternating voltage is rectified by means of the AC/DC rectifier 17, which is a network rectifier diode bridge. Further, the rectified voltage is supplied to the block 19 of the active power corrector, which is a step-up pulse converter. The main task of the active power corrector is to follow the shape of the input voltage of the driver and use the current from the network 220 in accordance with this shape to maintain the power factor at a level greater than 0.9. The output voltage of this unit is higher than the rectified input voltage and is a constant value. The choice of the output voltage of this block above the phase voltage of the network allows the driver to be used in phase-to-phase switching. The use of such a solution makes it possible to achieve the technical result of the possibility of operating at interfacial voltage. This voltage is applied to the input of the block 26 stabilization of the output current.

The microcircuit power supply unit 18, connected in parallel with the output of the network rectifier diode bridge 17, is necessary to ensure high-quality power supply for digital and analog driver microcircuits under conditions of low input voltage, high input voltage and dimmed driver state, this unit is a step-down pulse converter.

The output current stabilization unit 26 is responsible for stabilizing the current through the LED module 34. This function is achieved by measuring the voltage drop across the current-measuring resistors 29 and supplying this voltage to the node 33 setting the output current. This node contains an amplifying element with a variable gain, a construction resistor that allows you to scale the voltage across current-measuring resistors 29, a low-pass filter for the input and output signals, before applying to the node 27 current analysis through the LED module and transistor control. Thus, the technical result of the possibility of precise manual adjustment of the output power of the lamp is achieved. The node 27 for analyzing current through the LED model and controlling the transistor, based on the signal from the node 33 for setting the output current, generates control actions for the power transistor 28. The transistor opens and closes in a pulsed mode, maintaining the average value of the current through the LED module 34 at a given level. The inductor 32, connected in series with the LED module 34, smoothes the current pulses to a constant value with a ripple factor of not more than 1%. This node maintains the value of the output current of the driver at a given mode. The driver operation mode can be set by manually adjusting the output current setting node 33, or by using a PWM signal 37 with a duty cycle of 0 to 100%, which corresponds to 0-100% of the luminaire brightness.

Claims (2)

1. Driver for LED lamp, which includes a board on which a network rectifier diode bridge, power switches, diodes, capacitors, a common-mode and differential noise suppression filter, current-measuring resistors, an LED module, a power switch analysis and control unit according to the PFM algorithm / PWM, output current stabilization unit, high-voltage capacitor, electromagnetic compatibility unit, consisting of a protection unit against high-energy microsecond impulse noise of more than 1500 V, including varistors, a thermistor and an arrester located on a printed circuit board, a filter for suppressing common-mode and differential noise, including includes chokes and capacitors, characterized in that it contains an active power corrector unit, consisting of an inductor, a power switch, a rectifier diode, current-measuring resistors of the output capacitor, a node for analyzing the output voltage and controlling the transistor, moreover, the rectifier diode and current-measuring resistors are connected in series with the load, and the power switch and the output capacitor are in parallel, in this case, the driver additionally contains a power supply unit for microcircuits connected in parallel with the output of the network rectifier diode bridge, an output current stabilization unit is connected to the output of the active power factor corrector unit and additionally contains current-measuring resistors, a power transistor, a rectifier diode, an output capacitor, an inductor and an output adjustment unit. current. 2. The driver according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic compatibility unit additionally contains a protection unit against prolonged exposure to increased voltage, made in the form of a separate module and with the possibility of being attached to the driver.

Images