RU2766349C1 - Method for repair of hydraulic structures and structures in the zone of variable water horizon - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction and operation of hydraulic structures, in particular to the repair of concrete and reinforced concrete structures in the zone of variable water horizon. The method for repairing hydraulic structures and structures in the zone of variable water horizon is carried out by replacing the concrete destroyed by alternating freezing and thawing with more frost-resistant concrete with a thickness of a new layer of frost-resistant concrete equal to or greater than the freezing depth of concrete in this zone under the operating conditions of the repaired structure 1, while the upper horizontal contact seam between the new and old concrete is arranged above the highest water level 3, and the lower horizontal contact seam below the lowest water level 4 in the zone of variable water horizon in winter, and the outer boundaries (edges) of the cavity, which is created when the destroyed concrete is removed, are pre-processed with a diamond tool to a depth of 3-10 cm. At the same time, according to the invention, repair work is carried out in a leaning caisson, which provides a sealed joint of the enclosing elements of the caisson and the entire face of the vertical wall of the hydraulic structure 1; additionally, the corrosion-affected sections of the reinforcement frames are dismantled, the reinforcement outlets are cleaned after the removal of the corrosion-affected sections of the reinforcement frames, the installation of new reinforcement frames in the cavity and their welding with the reinforcement outlets, after which a binder is applied to form an adhesive layer; a new layer of frost-resistant concrete is applied through tubular injectors of a sealed formwork pre-installed on the vertical surface of the hydraulic structure 1 by means of pressure concreting with the use of vibration, waterproofing is arranged in the form of a uniform layer on the repaired area after gaining strength with new frost-resistant concrete and dismantling of the sealed formwork, after which the lining of the hydraulic structure 1 is performed with concrete-proof polyethylene sheets fixed to the wall of the hydraulic structure 1 by means of dowels, with the subsequent installation of plugs on dowels and welding of plugs and joints of plates with a manual extruder using a welding rod. When implementing this repair method, polyurethane resin is used as waterproofing.

EFFECT: ensuring the bearing capacity of building structures of hydraulic works, increasing the strength and density of concrete stone, preventing the destruction of concrete in the zone of variable water horizon, increasing the maintenance life of building structures of hydraulic works.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and operation of hydraulic structures, in particular to the repair of concrete and reinforced concrete structures in the zone of variable water horizon.

Known "Method and device for waterproofing joints and cracks in hydraulic structures, concrete structures and masonry structures" (according to the RF patent for the invention RU 2243318 C2 dated 27.12.2004, IPC E02V 7/10) - [1]. This method makes it possible to ensure the watertightness of the created waterproofing screen and exclude direct contact with water of the surface of the hydraulic structure. The use of this method makes it possible to exclude the possibility of further destruction of the structure through the formation of cracks, however, it does not ensure the restoration of the operational suitability of the object in case of significant damage to the concrete surface from the action of water.

There is a known method of repairing concrete and reinforced concrete structures with the replacement of damaged or defective concrete with new, higher quality, or with greater durability in specific conditions of the structure [2]. This method is implemented by removing (cutting down) damaged or defective concrete to “healthy” concrete, installing and fixing a reinforcing mesh in the formed cavity, filling the cavity with new concrete of the desired quality (Concrete Guide. Gosenergoizdat, M-L, 1958, pp. 310-315 ). The disadvantage of this method is the lack of a description of the procedure for excluding the contact of a hydraulic structure with water during repair work, the procedure for fixing the reinforcing mesh during the repair of an object.

The closest analogue, adopted as a prototype of the proposed method, is the "Method of repairing concrete and reinforced concrete hydraulic structures, and structures in the zone of a variable water horizon" (according to the RF patent for the invention RU 2392374 C1 dated 06.20.2010, IPC E02V 3/00 ) - [3]. The application of this method consists in replacing the concrete destroyed under the action of alternate freezing and thawing with more frost-resistant concrete with a thickness of a new layer of frost-resistant concrete equal to or greater than the freezing depth of concrete in this zone under the conditions of operation of the structure being repaired, while the upper horizontal contact joint between the new and old concrete is arranged above the highest water level, and the lower horizontal contact joint is below the lowest water level in the zone of the variable water horizon in winter, in the upper and lower contact joints, waterproofing is arranged in the vertical contact joints between new and old concrete, and the outer boundaries (edges ) cavity, which is created when the destroyed concrete is removed, is pre-treated with a diamond tool to a depth of 3-10 cm.

The disadvantages of using this method are the relative fragility of the repair work performed due to the ongoing natural processes of destruction of the concrete stone in the zone of variable water level, even taking into account the use of frost-resistant concrete, the lack of clarity regarding the chosen technology for concreting the repaired structure. In addition, the use of the prototype method is assumed exclusively at the site of concrete destruction by means of a local leaning caisson device, which makes it possible to localize only the area with the replacement of destroyed concrete with a new one, which makes it possible to judge the absence of an integrated approach to solving the problem of preventing further destruction of concrete in another section of the hydraulic engineering structure. structures.

The objective of the invention is to improve the reliability of building structures of hydraulic structures operated in regions with temperature extremes, allowing alternate defrosting and thawing of concrete in everyday contact with water.

The technical result consists in ensuring the bearing capacity of building structures of hydraulic structures, increasing the strength and density of concrete stone, preventing the destruction of concrete in the zone of a variable water horizon, increasing the overhaul period of operation of building structures of hydraulic structures.

The specified technical result is achieved as follows. Common features of the prototype and the proposed method is that the repair of hydraulic structures and structures in the zone of variable water horizon is carried out by replacing the concrete destroyed under the action of alternate freezing and thawing with more frost-resistant concrete with a thickness of a new layer of frost-resistant concrete equal to or greater than the freezing depth of concrete in this zone in operating conditions of the structure being repaired, while the upper horizontal contact joint between new and old concrete is arranged above the highest water level, and the lower horizontal contact joint is below the lowest water level in the variable water horizon zone in winter, and the outer boundaries (edges) of the cavity, which created by removing destroyed concrete, pre-treated with a diamond tool to a depth of 3-10 cm.

Distinctive features of the proposed method are:

1. performance of repair work in a leaning caisson, which provides a hermetic joint between the enclosing elements of the caisson and the entire face of the vertical wall of the hydraulic structure;

2. additional dismantling of corroded sections of reinforcement cages, cleaning of reinforcement cages after dismantling of sections of reinforcement cages affected by corrosion, installation of new reinforcement cages in the cavity and their welding with reinforcement outlets;

3. applying a binder to form an adhesive layer;

4. applying a new layer of frost-resistant concrete through tubular injectors of a sealed formwork previously installed on the vertical surface of a hydraulic structure by means of pressure concreting using vibration;

5. waterproofing device in the form of a uniform layer on the repaired area after curing with new frost-resistant concrete and dismantling the sealed formwork;

6. lining of the hydraulic structure with concrete-protective polyethylene sheets fixed on the wall of the hydraulic structure by means of dowels;

7. installation of plugs on dowels and welding of plugs and joints of plates with a manual extruder using a welding rod;

8. use as a waterproofing polyurethane resin.

The combined use of these distinguishing features in the claimed method makes it possible to obtain a positive effect, which consists in preventing a further decrease in the operational suitability of a hydraulic structure due to the destruction of concrete in the zone of a variable water horizon under the action of alternate freezing and thawing, and also ensures further operation of the hydraulic facility with an increase in period of overhaul work through the use of frost-resistant concrete and lining of the surfaces of the object subject to constant contact with water, concrete-protective polyethylene sheets.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the section of the hydraulic structure, indicating the location of the concrete destroyed under the action of alternate freezing and thawing, the current, highest and lowest water levels during the operation of the hydraulic structure.

In FIG. 2 shows an image of a leaning caisson mounted to the edge of the hydraulic structure, which provides a hermetic joint between the enclosing elements of the caisson and the entire face of the vertical wall of the hydraulic structure.

In FIG. 3 shows a frontal view of the vertical wall of a hydraulic structure and an image of the markings of the upper and lower horizontal, as well as vertical joints with the removal of part of the destroyed concrete, the dismantling of the corroded sections of the reinforcement cages.

In FIG. 4 shows the top and bottom horizontal, as well as vertical seams with reinforcing cages installed in the cavity of the hydraulic structure by welding them with reinforcement protrusions.

In FIG. 5 shows a general view of the application of a new layer of frost-resistant concrete into tubular injectors of a sealed formwork previously installed on the vertical surface of a hydraulic structure by means of pressure concreting.

In FIG. 6 shows an image of concrete vibrocompaction after it is placed under sealed formwork.

In FIG. 7 shows a diagram of the lining of the vertical face of a hydraulic structure after reaching the design strength of the new concrete.

In figures 1 ... 7, the following designations are used in Arabic numerals:

1 - hydraulic structure;

2 - section of concrete destroyed under the action of alternate freezing and thawing;

3 - the highest water level;

4 - the lowest water level;

5 - current water level;

6 - cut-off section of the central part of the hydraulic structure;

7 - leaning caisson;

8 - marking the upper horizontal seam;

9 - marking the lower horizontal seam;

10 - marking the vertical seam;

11 - releases of fittings;

12 - reinforcing cages;

13 - sealed formwork;

14 - tubular injector;

15 - concrete mixture injection device;

16 - upper horizontal seam;

17 - lower horizontal seam;

18 - vertical seam;

19 - vibrator;

20 - concrete protective polyethylene sheet;

21 - joint between concrete-protective polyethylene sheets.

Since the repair of structures of hydraulic structures in the zone of a variable water horizon can be carried out by the repeatedly proposed method, this method is industrially applicable.

The application of the method of repairing concrete and reinforced concrete structures of hydraulic structures in the zone of a variable water horizon is carried out as follows.

To perform repair work with the replacement of concrete destroyed under the action of alternate freezing and thawing with more frost-resistant concrete on the hydraulic structure (1), in section (2), a leaning caisson (7) is being installed, which provides a hermetic joint between the enclosing elements of the caisson and the entire face of the vertical wall of the hydraulic structure by means of pressing effect of water on the walls of the caisson during its drying. After mounting the leaning caisson (7) to the vertical face of the hydraulic structure (2), water is pumped out (using pumps) to prevent water contact with the surface of the hydraulic structure during repair work to replace concrete and ensure the performance of technological operations. The leaning caisson (7) must have the necessary strength under the conditions of hydrostatic and hydrodynamic effects on it during repair work on the hydraulic structure (1).

After the installation of the leaning caisson (7), the boundaries of the area destroyed under the action of alternate freezing and thawing of concrete (2) are determined, which are subject to dismantling by the methods of visual and instrumental control. Next, the marking of the upper and lower horizontal, as well as vertical seams is carried out with the removal of part of the destroyed concrete. The upper horizontal seam (16) is located above the highest water level, and the lower horizontal seam (17) is located below the lowest water level in the variable water horizon zone for this hydraulic structure.

From the side of the section of the hydraulic structure (1) destroyed under the action of alternate freezing and thawing of concrete (2), along the marking of the seams, cuts (cuts) are made with a diamond tool to a depth of 3-10 cm, and in the corners, to ensure the continuity of the technological process, the cuts (cuts) are made rounded . After the cuts are made, the destroyed concrete is removed (cut down). When removing the destroyed concrete, the dismantling (saw off) of the corroded sections of the reinforcing cages is carried out, as well as the cleaning of the reinforcement outlets (11) after the dismantling of the corroded sections of the reinforcing cages. The cavity formed after the removal of the destroyed concrete for the installation of a new layer of frost-resistant concrete must be such that the thickness of the layer of new frost-resistant concrete is equal to or greater than the depth of concrete freezing in the zone of the variable water horizon of the repaired hydraulic structure (1) during its operation in winter. Then, new reinforcing cages (12) are installed in the cavity, new reinforcing cages (12) are welded with cleaned reinforcement outlets (11).

A binder material is applied to the formed cavity in the hydraulic structure (1) on concrete and new reinforcing cages (12) to form an adhesive layer in order to ensure the best adhesion of the applied new layer of frost-resistant concrete to the surface of the prepared cavity in the hydraulic structure (1). Then, a hermetic formwork (13) is installed on the vertical surface of the hydraulic structure (1) over the formed cavity. The hermetic formwork (13) is fastened to the vertical surface of the hydraulic structure (1) by anchoring it to sections of the vertical surface of the hydraulic structure (1) that do not show signs of destruction under the action of alternate freezing and thawing. To perform repair work, a hermetic formwork (13) is used, which has a structurally provided possibility of attaching tubular injectors (14) to supply the concrete mixture through the injectors (14) into the formed cavity of the hydraulic structure (1) behind the hermetic formwork (13).

After fixing the sealed formwork (13) in the design position and installing tubular injectors (14) connected to the device for pumping the concrete mixture (15) (for example, a concrete pump), pressure concreting of the prepared cavity of the hydraulic structure (1) is performed. Site vibrators (19) are used to compact the laid concrete mix; if necessary, the supply of concrete mixture continues to achieve the appropriate compaction effect. At the end of the use of vibrators (19) and the set of design strength with a new layer of frost-resistant concrete, the tubular injector hoses (14) are docked and plugs are installed in the mounting grooves for tubular injectors (14) in the sealed formwork (13). Next, the sealed formwork (13) is dismantled.

The next stage of the repair work is the lining of the entire face of the vertical surface of the hydraulic structure (1). The lining is carried out with concrete-protective polyethylene sheets (20), and their fastening on the wall of the hydraulic structure (1) is carried out using dowels. After the installation of concrete-protective polyethylene sheets (20), plugs are installed on the dowels used during installation, welding of which, as well as welding of concrete-protective polyethylene sheets (20), is performed by a manual extruder using a welding rod.

The completion of the lining of the face of the hydraulic structure (1) and ensuring the tightness of the joints (21) of concrete-protective polyethylene sheets (20) is the basis for dismantling the leaning caisson (7) and putting the facility into operation.

Used sources

1. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation RU 2243318 C2 dated 12/27/2004, IPC E02V 7/10 "Method and device for waterproofing joints and cracks in hydraulic structures, concrete structures and masonry structures."

2. Guide to concrete. Gosenergoizdat, M-L, 1958, pp. 310-315.

3. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation RU 2392374 C1 dated 06/20/2010, IPC E02V 3/00 "Method of repairing concrete and reinforced concrete hydraulic structures and structures in the zone of variable water horizon".

Claims (2)

1. A method for repairing hydraulic structures and structures in the zone of a variable water horizon by replacing concrete destroyed under the action of alternate freezing and thawing with more frost-resistant concrete with a thickness of a new layer of frost-resistant concrete equal to or greater than the depth of freezing of concrete in this zone under the conditions of operation of the structure being repaired, while the upper horizontal contact joint between new and old concrete is arranged above the highest water level, and the lower horizontal contact joint is below the lowest water level in the variable water horizon zone in winter, and the outer boundaries - the edges of the cavity, which is created when the destroyed concrete is removed, are pre-treated with a diamond tool to a depth of 3-10 cm, characterized in that the repair work is carried out in a leaning caisson, which provides a sealed joint between the enclosing elements of the caisson and the entire face of the vertical wall of the hydraulic structure; additionally, dismantling of the sections of reinforcing cages affected by corrosion, cleaning of the outlets of the reinforcement after dismantling the sections of the reinforcing cages affected by corrosion, installation of new reinforcing cages in the cavity and their welding with the outlets of the reinforcement, after which a binder material is applied to form an adhesive layer; a new layer of frost-resistant concrete is applied through tubular injectors of a sealed formwork previously installed on the vertical surface of a hydraulic structure by means of pressure concreting using vibration, waterproofing is arranged in the form of a uniform layer on the repaired area after the new frost-resistant concrete has gained strength and the sealed formwork is dismantled, after which the hydraulic structure is lined concrete-protective polyethylene sheets fixed on the wall of the hydraulic structure by means of dowels, followed by the installation of plugs on the dowels and welding of the plugs and joints of the plates with a manual extruder using a welding rod. 2. A method for repairing hydraulic structures and structures in the variable water horizon zone according to claim 1, characterized in that polyurethane resin is used as waterproofing.

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