RU2765772C1 - Method for extinguishing fires in warehouses with shelving storage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire protection.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of fire fighting equipment, namely to fire extinguishing methods used in warehouses with shelving storage. A fire extinguishing installation for extinguishing fires in warehouses with shelving storage, consisting of a pipeline on which sprinklers are located and a screen installed above the pipeline and accumulating heat from the fire that has arisen, characterized in that the heat storage screen consists of two planes forming an angle at the top of which holes are made above the sprinklers to create an additional flow that provides accelerated operation of sprinklers, while the heat storage screen in the lower part on both sides has bends towards the rack.

EFFECT: expansion of the range of solutions for fire extinguishing.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire fighting technology, and in particular to fire extinguishing methods used in warehouses with rack storage.

High-rise rack warehouses (HCC) have become standard facilities for the storage and distribution of packaged goods in almost all sectors of the national economy. Unlike conventional warehouses in VSS, flammable goods are placed vertically and have very significant storage volumes. A fire in such warehouses develops extremely quickly and causes great material damage.

To ensure fire protection of such warehouses, automatic fire extinguishing installations (AFS) are used.

The most common automatic fire extinguishing installations for the protection of VSS are sprinkler fire extinguishing installations. Depending on the placement of sprinklers in the protected volume of the warehouse, two options for the layout of the AFS distribution network with sprinklers can be distinguished.

In the first variant, sprinklers are placed directly under the coating of the warehouse building and extinguish possible fires in the calculated area. In the second one, the sprinklers are placed in the intrashelf space at different levels according to the height of the shelving. As a rule, these two options are often combined into one fire extinguishing system. At the same time, horizontal heat-accumulating screens are used in the intrashelf space to ensure the operation of sprinkler sprinklers at the initial stage of fire development.

Features of the device and design of automatic fire extinguishing installations for high-rise rack warehouses are described in sufficient detail in the technical literature.

For instance:

- Recommendations for the design of automatic fire extinguishing installations for multi-purpose high-rise mechanized rack warehouses up to 16 meters high. - M.: VNIIPO, 1983. - 10 p.;

- Meshman L.M., Tsarichenko S.G., Bylinkin V.A., Aleshin V.V., Gubin R.Yu. Design of water and foam automatic fire extinguishing installations / Ed. ed. N.P. Kopylov. - M.: VNIIPO EMERCOM of the Russian Federation, 2002. - 413 p.;

- Recommendations for the design of automatic fire extinguishing installations for high-rise technological warehouses. - M.: VNIIPO, 1984. - 10 p. and etc.

- The design of water fire extinguishing installations for high-rise rack warehouses is carried out in accordance with the requirements of SP 241.1311500.2015 Fire protection systems. Water fire extinguishing installations for high-rise rack warehouses are automatic. Design norms and rules.

A device for extinguishing fires in rack warehouses is known (German application No. 2510649, IPC A62C 35/22, 1976), containing water feeders placed on tiers of racks with sprinklers having deflectors.

The disadvantage of this device lies in the failure to provide the required irrigation area, and consequently, a uniform distribution of water in the intrashelf space.

A device for extinguishing fires in rack warehouses is known (USSR Author's certificate No. 1087133, IPC A62C 35/22, published on 23.04.1984).

The device includes horizontal fire-blocking screens placed in the rack space at a distance of 2-4.5 m from each other in height, and sprinklers, which are located under the screen on distribution pipelines. Screens are designed to store heat in case of fire and quick response of sprinklers.

The disadvantage of this device is that horizontal flat screens have a maximum width of 2.5 m with an unlimited length due to the design of the racks, therefore, they cannot effectively contain and accumulate heat flows, which, spreading under a narrow screen, go beyond it, not providing growth. temperature leading to the operation of sprinklers.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a device for extinguishing fires in warehouses with rack storage (Utility model patent of the Russian Federation No.

The known device contains a pipeline on which sprinklers are located, a means for launching the device, and a screen installed above the pipeline that accumulates heat or smoke from a fire that has arisen. Sensors are placed between the pipeline and the screen, providing a signal indicating a change in the values characterizing the presence of fire (for example, an increase in temperature or the presence of smoke). The means for launching the device is made, in particular, in the form of a device that ensures the destruction of the destructible element in the sprinkler.

The disadvantage of the prototype are significant water costs due to its irrational use.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the consumption of water required for extinguishing, and to increase the efficiency of extinguishing by eliminating the loss of water to the external environment.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of extinguishing fires in warehouses with rack storage, which includes the installation of a pipeline on which sprinklers are located, and a screen installed above the pipeline and accumulating heat from a fire that has arisen, the heat-accumulating screen consists of two planes forming the corner, at the top of which holes are made above the sprinklers, while the heat-accumulating screen in the lower part on both sides has bends towards the rack.

The invention is illustrated by the drawings shown in Fig. 1-2. In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a rack warehouse with a screen; in fig. 1a - screen element with a hole; in fig. 2 - top view (part of the screen).

The drawings indicate: the distribution pipeline 1 with sprinklers 2, the pipeline 1 runs in the center along the racks 3 at the top point at a distance from the goods 4 located on pallets 5. Above the distribution pipeline 1 in its immediate vicinity, a heat-accumulating screen 6 is installed, consisting of two planes forming an angle, at the top of which holes are made above the sprinklers 2. The heat storage screen 6 in the lower part on both sides has bends 7 towards the rack.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the AUP distribution network with sprinklers is placed in close proximity to the top of the stored goods along each rack. Above them, a heat-accumulating screen is installed, consisting of two planes forming an angle. At the top of this angle between the planes, there is a distribution pipeline with sprinklers placed with outlets down. A hole is provided in the screen above each sprinkler to ensure the creation of a heat flow of heated combustion products and the conditions for triggering sprinkler sprinklers in this flow.

The screen in the lower part on both sides has bends towards the rack. They are designed to supply water to the outer surface of the rack, preventing the spread of combustion to neighboring ones.

When a fire occurs, convective flows of heated gases rush upward into the space between the loads and accumulate in the upper part of the screen, where the sprinklers are located. The device of the hole above them provides the creation of an additional flow, which provides accelerated operation of sprinklers.

When the sprinkler is triggered, the outlet opens and the jet enters the spray outlet, where it is distributed onto the horizontal surface of the rack and onto the screen plane, flowing down which the water flow at the bottom of the screen bends is directed to the side surface of the rack. Thus, the entire volume of water enters the intrashelf space, creating a high intensity of irrigation due to the elimination of water losses to the external environment.

Thus, the use of the combination of the above features ensures the activation of the AFS at an early stage of fire development, a high intensity of irrigation of the inside of the rack space and a uniform distribution of water both in the volume of the rack and on the outer surface, thereby ensuring complete fire extinguishing.

Claims (1)

Fire extinguishing installation for extinguishing fires in warehouses with rack storage, consisting of a pipeline on which sprinklers are located, and a screen installed above the pipeline and accumulating heat from a fire that has arisen, characterized in that the heat-accumulating screen consists of two planes forming an angle at the top which holes are made above the sprinklers to create an additional flow, which ensures accelerated operation of sprinkler sprinklers, while the heat-accumulating screen in the lower part on both sides has bends towards the rack.

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