RU2765753C1 - Method for storing vegetable oil and the device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: storage equipment.

SUBSTANCE: method for storing vegetable oil, including limiting its contact with atmospheric air, in which the oil is stored in a sealed cylindrical chamber, the internal volume of which is divided by a movable locking element floating on the surface of the oil into a space filled with oil and a space free of it, and automatically regulating their ratio with partial oil consumption. The section of the cylindrical chamber is designed to remove liquid from the cylindrical chamber and is made with a larger diameter than the first section. The locking element is made in the form of a ball with an oleophobic coating with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the first section of the cylindrical chamber, and is placed on the surface of a liquid having the appropriate viscosity with the possibility of immersion in it by half of its volume and the possibility of free and unhindered movement along the cylindrical chamber. Drain holes are made in the lid with the possibility of overlapping them.

EFFECT: group of inventions minimizes the contact of oxygen in the air with the surface of the oil both during storage before sale and during its gradual consumption.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of storage of liquids oxidized by atmospheric oxygen, in particular to the storage of edible vegetable oils, especially unrefined ones.

In order to preserve useful substances and taste qualities of oils during their long-term storage in commercial and household containers, it is necessary to exclude contact of air oxygen with vegetable oil in the container.

A known method of reducing the rate of oxidation of vegetable oils during their manufacture by adding antioxidants (synthetic phosphoglyceride mixed with citric acid, etc., Khomutov BI Storage of edible fats. - M.: Economics, 1972).

The disadvantage of the known method is that it slows down, but does not eliminate the process of oxidation of vegetable oils, so it is effective only directly in their manufacture (short-term contact of oils with atmospheric air when they are squeezed out on a press), and is not very effective for long-term storage of manufactured oils (long-term contact with atmospheric air in storage facilities at the manufacturing plant, in commercial warehouses and retail outlets before sales, in everyday life after sales).

A known method of storing vegetable oils in sealed containers, including the exclusion of their contact with atmospheric air during long-term storage by replacing the air cushion in containers with nitrogen (Patent No. 2229502, C11B 3/00, 3/16, 2001). This method gives an effect on vegetable oil manufacturers during their long-term storage in large factory storage tanks (hundreds and thousands of tons of oil), that is, before it is packaged in containers for sale and use.

The disadvantages of the known method are its complexity and low efficiency. If you replace the air cushion in small commercial and domestic containers with nitrogen, then when oil is used in everyday life (for example, by housewives in the kitchen), after the first drain of part of the oil, air will enter the domestic container and the oil will begin to oxidize.

The closest to the proposed method is a method of storing vegetable oil (Patent No. 2316457, B65D 1/10, B65D 1/32, C11B 5/00, 2008), which ensures the exclusion of its contact with atmospheric air, due to the fact that the oil is stored in a sealed elastic trade - household containers, the internal volume of which is equal to the volume of the oil contained in it, and when the oil is partially consumed, the volume of the container is simultaneously reduced in direct proportion to the decrease in the volume of the oil stored in it, while the oil is stored at a pressure below atmospheric, which is created by the elastic force of the container's tensile walls.

The disadvantage of the known method of storing vegetable oil is the use of an elastic commercial and household container made of a polymeric material and the addition of a dye, for example, brown or green, to make the material opaque to plastic blanks (preforms), which affects the quality of the product in it during long-term storage.

A device (container) for storing liquid is known, containing a bottom, walls, a drain neck, in which several vessels connected in series are used, capable of being located one inside the other by the "nested doll" method after they have been emptied in turn (Patent No. 1735138, B65D 8/00; 6/ 00, 1990). The known device reduces the amount of air in contact with the oil after draining part of it in the process of operating consumption by placing (pressing) a smaller vessel into a larger one after it has been emptied.

The disadvantages of the known device are its complexity, high cost, inconvenience in operation, the impossibility of completely eliminating the contact of oil with air during its gradual operational consumption (the impossibility of eliminating the presence of air in the internal cavity of several vessels connected in series during their sequential emptying).

A device is known for storing and using liquid food products by astronauts in space (in weightlessness), containing a rigid outer shell with a bottom, walls, a drain, an elastic bag placed inside the rigid shell and connected to a pressure source (gas, spring) to expand the bag and extrusion of liquid from the rigid shell to the consumer (Patent No. 1443793, B65D 1/02, 1985, prototype).

The disadvantages of the known device are its complexity, high cost, inconvenience in operation.

A device for implementing a method for storing vegetable oil is known (RF Patent No. 2316457, B65D 1/10, B65D 1/32, C11B 5/00, 2008), containing a bottom, walls, a drain neck with a lid, characterized in that its walls are made in in the form of an elastic bellows and have the ability to be compressed and / or stretched by external force until a volume equal to the volume of oil present in it is obtained, the cover is made to seal the drain neck of the bellows compressed to the volume of oil from atmospheric air, equipped with a drain pipe having a cut-off tip and a sealing cap, and a check valve is mounted in the drain neck, which prevents atmospheric air from entering the internal cavity of the device when oil is drained from it.

The disadvantage of the device is that polyethylene film, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles can be used as a material for the manufacture of containers, which are environmentally unsafe and poorly recyclable, and in the future they are expected to be decommissioned (used). In addition, the complex shape of the container and alternating loads during its use lead to insufficient reliability and durability of their use.

A non-return valve can be installed in the drain neck of the device, which prevents atmospheric air from entering the internal cavity of the device when draining oil from it.

Currently, for containers (vessels, bottles, etc.) for storing liquids, to ensure their tightness, gates of various designs are used, in which the locking element is made in the form of a ball (ball) [RF patents for a utility model or invention: No. 14199 22937 27061 31128 45368 46738 50992 59538 66304 79527 81166 2148544 2220083 2238893 2294303 2343096].

The disadvantages of the known devices include the lack of reliability of its operation, due to the fact that the function of the locking element in the form of a ball is directed to a greater extent to eliminate the possibility of liquid getting back into the bottle and allows air to enter it.

The closest in design and achieved positive effect to the proposed one is a closure for vessels (RF Patent No. 2035363, B65D 39/12, 1995), containing a sealed chamber made of elastic material with a flange, consisting of two sections, one of which is spherical in shape is designed for contact with the walls of the vessel, and the second section is made in the form of a normally compressed bellows.

The disadvantage of the shutter is that it does not provide differentiation of the internal volume into the space filled with oil and the space free from it and does not allow automatically adjusting their ratios when the oil is partially consumed, which leads to increased oxidation of the oil by the volume of air oxygen located above its surface.

The technical objective of the invention is to minimize the contact of air oxygen with the surface of the oil, both during storage before sale in retail outlets, and with its gradual consumption during the entire period of use in domestic conditions, as well as increasing the convenience, reliability and durability of the device.

The technical task of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the method of storing vegetable oil, including limiting its contact with atmospheric air, the new one is that the oil is stored in a sealed commercial and household container, the internal volume of which is divided by a movable locking element floating on the surface of the oil into a space, filled with oil and the space free from it and automatically adjusting their ratio when the oil is partially consumed, and in a device that implements a method for storing vegetable oil, containing a locking element and a vessel having a sealed cylindrical chamber with a lid, consisting of two sections, one of which is intended for ensuring by interaction of the locking element with the inner surface of the wall of the cylindrical chamber and the second section designed to remove liquid from the cylindrical chamber, the new is that the second section of the cylindrical chamber is made with a larger diameter than the first section, and the locking element the ment is made in the form of a ball with an oleophobic coating with a mass msh = 2/3 ρzh πRsh2 = ρzhπ dsh3/12 and a diameter dsh 2-3 mm smaller than the diameter dk of the first section of the cylindrical chamber, which is placed on the surface of a liquid having a viscosity ρzh with the possibility of immersion in it by half of its volume and the possibility of free and unhindered movement along the cylindrical chamber, and in the cover of the second section of the cylindrical chamber there are drain holes with the possibility of their overlap.

The technical result of the invention consists in minimizing the contact of air oxygen with the surface of the oil, both during storage before sale in retail outlets, and with its gradual consumption during the entire period of use in domestic conditions, as well as in increasing the convenience, reliability and durability of the device. .

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device for storing vegetable oil, and Fig. 2 stages of the implementation of the method of storage of vegetable oil.

A device for storing vegetable oil (Fig. 1) is a sealed cylindrical chamber 1 with a lid 2, consisting of two sections I and II. In this case, the diameter of section II is greater than the diameter of section I of the cylindrical chamber 1. Inside the cylindrical chamber 1, a locking element 3 is placed, made in the form of a ball with an oleophobic coating with a mass msh = 2/3 ρzh πRsh2 = ρzhπ dsh3/12 and a diameter dsh by 2-3 mm smaller than the diameter dk of section I of the cylindrical chamber 1, which ensures the interaction of the locking element 3 with this section (I) through a thin film of liquid (oil).

Moreover, the locking element 3 in the form of a ball is placed on the surface of a liquid (oil) having a viscosity ρzh with the possibility of immersion in it by half of its volume and the possibility of free and unhindered movement along the cylindrical chamber 1.

To fulfill the condition of immersion in liquid (oil) for half the volume of the locking element 3, its mass is determined as follows.

On the locking element 3 in the form of a ball with a volume V, immersed in a liquid (oil) with a density ρzh, the buoyant Archimedean force FArx: FArx = ρzhgV acts, and its gravity P, acting in the opposite direction to the Archimedean force FArx is equal to P = mg.

The volume of the ball is V=4/3πR2 = π dsh3/6.

And since for the maximum overlap of the surface of the liquid (oil) in the vessel, the locking element 3 in the form of a ball must be immersed in its half, i.e. V1/2 = 2/3πR2 = π dsh3/12.

Therefore, after substituting half of the volume of the ball V1/2 into the equation of the Archimedean force, we obtain FArx = ρЖg π dш3/12.

To ensure the balance of the locking element 3 in the form of a ball with a liquid (oil), we equate the Archimedean force FArx to the force of gravity P of the ball: ρЖgπ dш3/12= mg.

From here we obtain the mass of the locking element 3 of the ball m =ρЖπ dш3/12.

The lower part of the chamber 1 is made in the form of a solid spherical bottom with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the chamber 1. To maintain the stability of the device in a vertical position, it is equipped with a support shoe 6 in the form of an annular support.

Under cover 2, limiting the second section of the cylindrical chamber, there is a dispenser - stop 4, in which drain holes 5 are made with the possibility of their overlap.

The proposed device that implements the method of storage of vegetable oil works as follows (figure 2).

The produced oil (Fig. 2, a) is poured into a sealed cylindrical chamber 1 of a commercial and household container, the internal volume of which is divided by a movable locking element 3 floating on the surface of the oil into a space filled with oil and a space free from it, after which it is sealed with a lid 2 having a thread.

When oil is consumed in everyday life (after being sold at a point of sale), the container is depressurized by removing the cover 2 from the end part of the chamber 1, which limits section II, after which it is tilted to a horizontal position (Fig. 2, b), as a result of which the ball 3 moves to section II to the dispenser - stop 4, after which the required amount of oil is drained from it through holes 5.

When the container is moved to a vertical position, the ball floating on the surface of the oil automatically adjusts the ratio of spaces filled with oil and free from it when the oil is partially consumed (Fig. 2, c).

The proposed device after draining the oil (Fig. 2d) can be reused (ie can be reusable) both at home and in the factory. For this, cover 2 is removed, the required amount of a new portion of oil is poured into the empty device, sealed with cover 2 and used as described above.

The proposed method does not require large material costs for implementation, is simple and easy to use, reliable and effective for preserving the biologically beneficial properties of the oil and its taste during long-term storage in small containers and with gradual consumption in everyday life.

The proposed method can be used to store any liquids (paints, drying oils, medicines, etc.) oxidized by air oxygen in order to reduce their contact with air.

The use of the proposed device will allow, without large material costs, to reduce the contact of oil with oxidizing atmospheric air and to exclude dissociation and the transition to an excited (increased oxidizing) state of oxygen dissolved in oil during long-term storage of oil in small containers and its gradual consumption in everyday life.

The proposed device can be effectively used for long-term storage and gradual operational consumption of any oxidizing and non-oxidizing industrial, perfumery, medical, food liquids - oils, medicines, fruit juices, milk, water, etc., since it excludes contact of liquids with atmospheric air, which preserves their sterility, created during the manufacture and filling of liquids, therefore, increases their shelf life.

The proposed method for storing vegetable oil and a device for its implementation have advantages due to the fact that:

- separation of the internal volume by a movable shut-off element floating on the oil surface, into a space filled with oil and a space free from it and automatically adjusting their ratio when the oil is partially consumed, which allows minimizing the contact of air oxygen with the oil surface, as during storage before being sold in retail outlets, and with its gradual consumption during the entire period of use in domestic conditions;

- implementation of the locking element in the form of a ball with an oleophobic coating with a mass msh = 2/3 ρzh πRsh2 = ρzhπ dsh3/12 and a diameter dsh 2-3 mm smaller than the diameter dk of the first section of the cylindrical chamber, which is located on the surface of the liquid having viscosity ρzh with the possibility of being immersed in it by half of its volume, allows the locking element to move freely along the cylindrical chamber and thereby automatically, with high reliability, regulate the ratio of volumes filled with oil and free from it with minimal contact of air with oil due to the close diameter of the ball and the inner diameter cylindrical chamber, which provides delimitation of volumes;

- making the diameter of the second section of the cylindrical chamber larger than that of the first section and the presence in the cover limiting the second section of the drain holes with the possibility of their overlap allows you to freely remove oil from the chamber.

Claims (2)

1. A method of storing vegetable oil, including limiting its contact with atmospheric air, characterized in that the oil is stored in a sealed cylindrical chamber, the internal volume of which is divided by a movable locking element floating on the surface of the oil, into a space filled with oil and a space free from it, and automatically adjusting their ratio when the oil is partially consumed. 2. A device for storing vegetable oil, implementing the method according to claim 1, containing a locking element and a sealed cylindrical chamber with a lid, consisting of two sections, one of which is intended for storing oil, ensuring the division of the internal volume of the sealed cylindrical chamber by a locking valve floating on the surface of the oil element and interacting with the inner surface of the wall of the cylindrical chamber, and the second section designed to remove liquid from the cylindrical chamber, characterized in that the second section of the cylindrical chamber is made with a larger diameter than the first section, and the locking element is made in the form of a ball with an oleophobic coating diameter, 2-3 mm smaller than the diameter of the first section of the cylindrical chamber, which is placed on the surface of a liquid having the appropriate viscosity with the possibility of immersion in it by half of its volume and the possibility of free and unhindered movement along the cylindrical chambers s, and in the cover limiting the second section of the cylindrical chamber, drain holes are made with the possibility of their overlap.

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