RU2765652C1 - Apparatus for ensuring the operating capacity of radio-electronic equipment of radio location stations in low temperature conditions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cooling.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to systems for cooling and thermostating devices and units of radio-electronic equipment (REE) of radio location stations (RLS), installed on military tracked vehicles (MTV). The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the apparatus for preheating the cooling liquif and thermostating the elements of radio electronic equipment of radio location stations (RLS REE) using heat tubes, containing a liquid thermostating system (LTS), a liquid cooling system (LCS), an air cooling system (ACS), a path for preliminary preparation of the RLS REE for activation is additionally included in the LTS, consisting of: an air circuit for preparing the REE for activation under low ambient temperatures, an air choke control reducer for removing part of the spent gases of the engine of the base chassis into the air contour for preparing the REE for activation. Heat tubes are therein integrated into the air contour for preparing the REE for activation, transmitting heat energy of the spent gases of the cooling liquid supplied to the LTS. The LTS path has two contours for circulation of the cooling liquid through the elements of the RLS REE: a small one and a large one, including an air-liquid heat exchanger in addition to the elements of the small contour. The LTS heater therein consists of a forced heater and a working heater, and a heat exchanger with heat tubes with an air-liquid heat sink is additionally installed for additional thermostating of units of the RLS REE. The heat tubes transfer the heat energy of the cooling liquid supplied to the LCS, wherein antifreeze is used as a cooling liquid in the heat exchanger with heat tubes with an air-liquid heat sink.

EFFECT: ensured constant readiness and operating capacity of the RLS REE in special conditions due to the development of an apparatus for preheating the cooling liquid using heat tubes and thermostating the elements of the RLS REE using heat tubes.

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Description

The invention relates to systems for cooling and temperature control of devices and units of radio-electronic equipment (REA) of radar stations (RLS) installed on military tracked vehicles (VGM).

In accordance with GOST 16350-80, more than 70% of the territory of the Russian Federation belongs to the severe climate zone. This zone is characterized by the duration of the winter period from 240 to 320 days, the minimum temperatures from minus 40 to minus 70°C. In this zone, in addition to long periods of low temperatures, strong winds of 25 m/s and higher often occur.

The optimal values of external influencing factors (temperature, humidity, pressure, etc.) on the operation of electronic equipment installed on military tracked vehicles (VGM) are supported by cooling and temperature control systems.

Known analogues of systems for cooling and temperature control of devices and components of electronic equipment (REA) of radar stations (RLS) installed on military tracked vehicles (VGM) are designed for cooling, temperature control of vacuum devices and components of REA radar.

From the studied analogues, systems for thermostating and cooling (liquid and air) of devices and components of radio-electronic equipment (REE) of radar stations (RLS) were taken as a prototype (see Product 9S32. Technical description. Part 1. General information. - 9S32.0000 TO 1982 , pp. 132-139) containing a liquid cooling system (electric centrifugal pumps, a filter, a pressure switch, a check valve, thermostats, air-liquid heat exchangers, ventilation devices); liquid temperature control system (electric centrifugal pump, filter, pressure switch, heater, thermostats, air-to-liquid heat exchanger, ventilation device, thermostat), air cooling system (air-to-air heat exchangers, centrifugal fans and axial exhaust fan),

The liquid temperature control system (LTS) maintains the temperature of the liquid at the inlet to electrovacuum devices and components within plus 70±15°C. The power consumed during forced heating is 53 kW, in operating mode - 5.3÷12 kW.

The liquid cooling system (LCS) maintains the temperature of the liquid at the inlet to the electrovacuum devices no higher than plus 85°C. Power consumption 9.3 kW.

Antifreeze-65 (antifreeze) coolant is used in LSS and SZHT. For LSS and SZHT, the hydraulic accumulator is common.

SVO maintains the air temperature in the central compartment with the installed REA not higher than plus 85°C.

These temperature control and cooling systems (liquid and air) of devices and components of radio electronic equipment (REA) of radar stations (RLS) do not provide optimal conditions for the operation of REA radar in special operating conditions (low ambient temperature, high ambient temperature with simultaneous high relative humidity ).

Low ambient temperature contributes to a change in the parameters of radio-electronic components (capacitors, inductors, resistors, etc.). It is allowed to turn on high-voltage equipment from the "cold" state (liquid temperature in LSS t≥0°C). In this case, the output power of the transmitting system is reduced by up to 50% and the noise parameters of the receiving system deteriorate.

High ambient temperature with simultaneous high relative humidity reduces the dielectric strength of waveguides, high-voltage connections, leads to insulation breakdown and failure of electronic equipment.

In addition, these systems have a significant power consumption, especially with forced heating (53 kW). At the same time, the overall time to complete the task is increased, which is a significant drawback in the system of basic measures to ensure the readiness of units.

Currently, in the prototype of the GTL and LSS systems, they have structurally provided devices that provide automated protection of this system from adverse external environmental factors, but have significant drawbacks. In this regard, in order to ensure the constant operability of the REA radar installed on a military tracked vehicle, it becomes necessary to develop and use a device for heating and temperature control of the elements of the REA radar by introducing a device for preheating the coolant and its temperature control into the system for liquid temperature control and liquid cooling. and for cooling elements of radio-electronic equipment of radar stations using heat pipes.

In the taken prototype of the GTL and LSS system, the preliminary constant heating of the coolant at low temperatures is not structurally provided, therefore, in order to ensure the operability of the REA radar, it is proposed to install a device that provides preheating of the coolant and automatically maintains the optimum temperature of the coolant circulating in the GTL and LSS under conditions low temperatures.

The purpose of this technical solution is to ensure the constant readiness and operability of the REA radar in special conditions by developing a device for preheating the coolant using heat pipes and temperature control of the elements of the REA radar using heat pipes.

To achieve this goal, a device is proposed for preheating the coolant and temperature control of elements of radio-electronic equipment of radar stations using heat pipes, containing a liquid temperature control system (electric centrifugal pump, filter, pressure alarm, heater, thermostats, air-liquid heat exchanger, ventilation device, thermostat) , liquid cooling system (electric centrifugal pumps, filter, pressure alarm, check valve, thermostats, air-liquid heat exchangers, ventilation devices); air cooling system (air-air heat exchangers, centrifugal fans and an axial exhaust fan), characterized in that, in addition to the liquid temperature control system, an additional REA preheating path is added to the switch-on, consisting of: an air damper control gearbox, for removing part of the exhaust gases, air a circuit for preparing REA for switching on at low ambient temperatures, a heater based on heat pipes for transferring thermal energy to the coolant. For temperature control of elements of radio-electronic equipment of radar stations, it is proposed to additionally install a heat exchanger with heat pipes with an air-liquid heat sink, including a liquid heat exchanger, a centrifugal fan, an electric centrifugal pump, a filter, a sensor for measuring the temperature of the coolant (coolant), pipelines, in this case, the heat pipe heat exchanger with a liquid heat sink uses an antifreeze coolant.

The proposed device is shown in Fig. 1, which consists of a radio-electronic equipment module of a radar station (REA radar) 15, an information processing unit and command generation 1, a temperature sensor in the REA radar module 14, an air damper control gearbox 38, for removing part of the exhaust gases, an air circuit for preparing the REA for inclusion at low ambient temperatures 39, a heater 40 based on heat pipes 41 for transferring thermal energy to the coolant.

When the engine of the base chassis of the combat vehicle is running, the exhaust gases are removed through the exhaust manifolds and the ejector. To prepare the electronic equipment for switching on at low temperatures upon a signal from the processing unit and generating commands, the air damper control gear 38 diverts part of the exhaust gases into the air circuit for preparing the electronic equipment for switching on at low ambient temperatures 39. Heat pipes 41 are built into the air temperature preparation circuit. In this case, part of the thermal energy of the exhaust gases through the steam generator I (heat supply zone) (Fig. 2) of the heat pipes 41 (Fig. 1, 2) is transferred to the active body 42 in the form of a mixture of distilled water, ammonia and aldehydes, heating it to a boil. The active body 42 in the steam generator I (heat supply zone) begins to actively evaporate, while the resulting steam flows through the steam line II into the condenser III (the dose of the cyclic supply of the active body), where it condenses on the cold surfaces of the condenser III (heat removal zone), giving off the thermal energy of the cold coolant entering the GTL through the REA 39 preheating circuit (Fig. 1, 2).

The superthermal conductivity of the steam of the active body 42 (Fig. 2) of the heat pipes 41 (Fig. 1) ensures the transfer of heat from the exhaust gases to the inlet liquid stream entering the LSS of the REA radar (Fig. 1).

The pulsating process of condensate return to the steam generator I (heat supply zone) (Fig. 2) is carried out automatically due to the resulting pressure difference between the liquid and steam during one cycle in the working volumes of the heat pipes.

When the glow of the electrovacuum devices of the REA radar is turned on (Fig. 1): pump 35 in the LSS, pump 2 in the LSS, a heater 4, five centrifugal fans SVO 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and an axial fan 12.

GTL operates as follows: heater 4 has two tubular heaters - forced heater with a power of 6 kW (6) and a working heater with a power of 3 kW (8). When the liquid temperature is less than plus 56°C, both heaters are switched on to quickly heat the thermostated elements of the REA RLS 15 to the operating temperature.

To quickly enter the mode (reach the set temperature), the GTL path has two circuits: small and large. The liquid circulates along the small circuit as follows: pump 2, filter 3, heater 4, housing with temperature controllers 5.7, thermostatic elements of radio electronic equipment radar 15, thermostat 10.

When the temperature of the liquid reaches plus 56°C, the forced heater 6 is turned off by the signal of the thermostat 5. Further heating is performed by the working heater 8. When the temperature of the liquid reaches plus 69°C, the thermostat 10 starts to open and the liquid circulates along the small and large circuits. The large circuit differs from the small one by an air-liquid heat exchanger 11.

When the liquid temperature reaches plus 84°C, thermostat 10 fully opens the large circuit and closes the small one.

At a temperature of plus 85°C, the working heater 8 is turned off. During further operation, the temperature of the liquid in front of the thermostatically controlled elements of the REA radar 15 is maintained within plus 70 ± 15°C by switching on and off at the signal of the temperature controller 7 of the working heater 8, the ventilation device 13 and the operation of the thermostat 10. In the event that the liquid reaches a temperature of 95 ° C behind the thermostated elements of the REA RLS 15, or the pressure in the hydraulic tract drops below 5.0 kgf / cm ² , according to the signals of the thermostat or pressure alarm 37, the high-voltage power supply of the electrovacuum devices is turned off and on the front panel of the information processing unit and commands, the signal lamp "GENERAL FAULT" lights up.

The SZhO-I and SZhO-II liquid cooling systems cool the REA RLS 15 electrovacuum devices. It works in conjunction with air cooling and liquid temperature control systems.

During the operation of the LSS, the liquid circulates in a closed circuit: pumps, a check valve, a filter, a pressure alarm 37, a housing with thermostats 7, 14, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, components and blocks of electronic equipment radar 15, heat exchangers 28, 31. Liquid , passing through the cooled elements, heats up. Until the temperature of the liquid reaches plus 75°C, the ventilation devices 26, 27 do not work, which is necessary for the GTS to quickly warm up the temperature-controlled elements to the operating temperature. When the liquid temperature reaches plus 75°C, at the signal of the temperature controllers 29 and 32 in the heat exchangers 28, 31, one ventilation device 26, 27 (SJO-I, SJO-II) is switched on. If the temperature continues to rise, then at a temperature of plus 84°C, at the signal of the temperature controller 34, three more ventilation devices 23, 24, 25 (LSS-II) are switched on.

Switching off the ventilation devices SJO-I and SJO-II is carried out when the temperature of the liquid drops to plus 60 ° C at the signal of the thermostat 30.

In the event that the temperature of the liquid at the outlet of the cooled units and blocks of the electronic equipment of the radar reaches plus 95 ° C, according to the signals of thermal sensors or pressure alarm 37, the anode power supply of the electrovacuum devices will be turned off and the “GENERAL FAILURE” signal lamp will light up on the front panel of the information processing and command generation unit .

During the operation of the SVO, centrifugal fans 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 create air circulation in a closed circuit: fans, components and blocks of electronic radar stations, air-to-air heat exchangers 28, 31 (hot circuit).

To cool the most important components of the REA radar, an autonomous fan 13 (hot circuit) is used. The axial fan 12, taking in outside air, drives it through the heat exchangers 11 and throws it into the atmosphere - a cold circuit, thereby ensuring that the air temperature in the compartments with the REA radar is not higher than 85 ° C. In the event of a malfunction of the fans or their aeroblocks, the “FAIL” signal lamp lights up on the panel of the information processing and command generation unit. When the air temperature in the compartments with REA radar exceeds 85 °, the high-voltage voltage is turned off at the signal of the temperature sensor and the “GENERAL FAULT” signal lamp lights up on the front panel of the information processing and command generation unit.

In addition, the most important components of the REA radar are thermostated using the proposed heat exchanger 20 with heat pipes 41 with an air-liquid heat sink, including an air-liquid heat exchanger 21, a centrifugal fan 18, an electric centrifugal pump 17, a filter 16, a sensor for measuring the temperature of the coolant (cooling liquid) 19, pipelines 22, while the heat pipe heat exchanger with air-liquid heat sink uses antifreeze coolant.

The proposed device is a thin-walled metal container. To reduce thermal resistance, the inner container is made in the form of a honeycomb panel. The container and honeycombs are made of a metal case with high thermal conductivity. At the signal of the temperature measurement sensor 19, the air fan 18 and the electric centrifugal pump 17 are turned on, which, through the filter 16 and pipelines 22, the heat exchanger 20 with heat pipes 41, drives the coolant, carrying out liquid heat removal from the working area, while maintaining optimal temperature values in the REA radar module 15. The thermal energy of the coolant through the steam generator I (heat supply zone) (Fig. 2) of the heat pipes 41 (Fig. 1, 2) is transferred to the active body 42 in the form of a mixture of distilled water, ammonia and aldehydes, heating it to a boil. The active body 42 in the steam generator I (heat supply zone) begins to actively evaporate, while the resulting steam flows through the steam line II into the condenser III (the dose of the cyclic supply of the active body), where it condenses on the cold surfaces of the condenser III (heat removal zone), giving off thermal energy of the coolant entering the LSS. Next comes the cooling process in the air-liquid heat exchanger 21, using a centrifugal fan 18 and an electric centrifugal pump 17 (Fig. 1).

The superthermal conductivity of the steam of the active body 42 (Fig. 2) of the heat pipes 41 (Fig. 1) ensures the transfer of heat to the coolant, which is cooled in the air-liquid heat exchanger 21. The pulsating process of returning condensate to the steam generator I (heat supply zone) (Fig. 2) is carried out automatically due to the resulting pressure difference between liquid and steam during one cycle in the working volumes of heat pipes.

As a result of the use of a device for cooling and thermostating elements of the REA radar using heat pipes (both for fast heating and for cooling the working fluid) with an additional air-liquid heat sink, the radar will stay in working condition for a longer time at high ambient temperatures and reduce the time reaching the operating thermal regime of the radar equipment at low temperatures and reducing the cost of electrical energy.

Thus, the use of this device will ensure the maintenance of the parameters and characteristics of the REA radar within the limits specified in the technical specifications. The simplicity of the design of the proposed device allows it to be installed during serial production, as well as during the modernization of the VGM, and does not require significant material costs.

Claims (1)

A device for preheating a coolant and temperature control of elements of radio-electronic equipment of radar stations (REA RLS) using heat pipes, containing a liquid temperature control system (LTS), including an electric centrifugal pump, a filter, a pressure alarm, a heater, thermostats, an air-liquid heat exchanger, a ventilation device , thermostat; liquid cooling system (LCS), including electric centrifugal pumps, filter, pressure alarm, check valve, thermostats, air-liquid heat exchangers, ventilation devices; an air cooling system (ACS), including air-to-air heat exchangers, centrifugal fans and an axial exhaust fan, characterized in that a path for preliminary preparation of REA radar for inclusion is additionally introduced into the GTS, consisting of: an air circuit for preparing REA for inclusion at low ambient temperatures , an air damper control gearbox for diverting part of the exhaust gases of the base chassis engine into the air circuit for preparing the REA for inclusion, while heat pipes are built into the air circuit for preparing the REA for inclusion, transferring the thermal energy of the exhaust gases of the coolant entering the GTL, the GTL tract has two of the coolant circulation circuit through the elements of the REA radar: a small one, including an electric centrifugal pump, a filter, a heater, thermostats, a thermostat, and a large one, in addition to the elements of a small circuit, including an air-liquid heat exchanger, while the GTL heater consists of forced and working heaters, and for additional temperature control of the REA radar units, an additional heat pipe heat exchanger with an air-liquid heat sink is installed, including an air-liquid heat exchanger, a centrifugal fan, an electric centrifugal pump, a filter, coolant temperature sensors, pipelines, heat pipes transmit heat energy coolant entering the LSS, while the heat pipe heat exchanger with an air-to-liquid heat sink uses antifreeze as the coolant.

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