RU2764222C1 - Ovchinnikov's ship braking device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, in particular, to the structures of the braking devices of ships and can be used in the design of ships. Ovchinnikov's ship braking device includes a permeable boule installed forward of the stem below the waterline to reduce the hydrodynamic resistance of water to the movement of the vessel due to the interference of waves generated by the boule and stem. The bow of the boule is formed by two pivoting flaps, which are attached to its stern by hinges. A drive with an electric motor is installed in the forepeak on the foundation. The drive is connected to a shaft that rotates in support and thrust bearings. The shaft extends from the forepeak to the permeable boule through the gland. In its bow, the shaft has a thread on which there is a slider that moves forward or stern in guides when the shaft rotates. The guides keep the slider from turning during the rotation of the shaft. On the right and left sides, levers are attached to the slider on hinges, which are hinged to the pivoting flaps.

EFFECT: creation of additional resistance to the movement of the vessel and a rapid decrease in the speed of its course to a complete stop, the absence of structures that create additional resistance of water to the movement of the vessel when the device is in the stowed position.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, in particular, to the structures of the braking devices of ships and can be used in the design of ships.

Known braking devices of ships installed to reduce the stopping distance if necessary, an urgent stop of the vessel [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. According to the design criterion, they can be classified into several groups. First, drag parachutes. The second group, rotary shutters with vertical axes of rotation, installed along the sides and with horizontal axes of rotation, installed under the bottom of the vessel. The third, passive channels in the bow of the vessel The fourth classification group of braking devices is a drop-down rudder blade.

Brake parachutes have a relatively simple design [1, 2], but their use will require significant manual labor costs associated with preparing for work and folding into the stowed position. For their storage, preparation for work, folding on the deck, a fairly significant place is needed. Designs of braking devices with pivoting flaps relative to vertical axes, installed even in niches on the hull [4, 5], create additional resistance to the movement of the ship. In addition, there is a high probability of damage during tilting or mooring. Braking devices with pivoting flaps relative to horizontal axes [2] can be damaged when working in shallow water.

Braking devices from passive channels in the bow of the ship [1] will have low efficiency relative to the devices of the first two groups, and they will also sharply reduce their efficiency after the initial braking phase. In addition, for such a device to be effective, it is necessary to have a significant diameter of the nasal inlet. For example, a ship with a displacement of 150,000 tons should have a diameter of 8 meters. The rudders used as braking devices have drop-down side structures that are rotated by hinged mechanisms mounted on the aft edge of the rudder blade. These designs are complex [1], and therefore have low reliability. In addition, during the period of time when the ship's rudder is used as a braking device, the ship is out of control.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the run-out of the vessel if it is necessary to urgently stop it, as well as to eliminate the above disadvantages of the braking devices of ships. The technical result is the creation of additional resistance to the movement of the vessel and a rapid decrease in its speed to a complete stop, the absence of structures that create additional water resistance to the movement of the vessel when the device is in the stowed position.

The device consists, Fig. 1 and FIG. 2, from a permeable boule 1, installed forward of the stem 2 below the waterline to reduce the hydrodynamic resistance of water to the movement of the vessel due to the interference of waves generated by the boule and the stem. Inside the boule 1, a longitudinal vertical bracket 3 is attached (for example, by welding) to the stem 2. The bow of the boule 1 to the right and left of the bracket 3 is formed by two rotary flaps 4, which are attached to its aft part on hinges 5. Seals are arranged along the contour of the flaps 4 6 and 7 to reduce the flow of water into the boule 1 while the ship is moving.

In the stem 2 located aft of the forepeak 8 on the foundation 9, a drive 10 with an electric motor 11 is installed. The drive 10 is connected to the shaft 12, which rotates in the support 13 and thrust bearings 14. The shaft 12 passes from the forepeak 8 into the permeable boule 1 through the stuffing box 15. In its bow part, the shaft 12 has a thread on which the slider 16 is located, which moves to the bow or stern in the guides 17 when the shaft 12 rotates.

The guides 17 of the slider 16 are fixed on a longitudinal vertical bracket 3, bearings 13 and 14 are also mounted on it. The guides 17 keep the slider 16 from turning when the shaft 12 rotates. To reduce friction between the slider and the guides, they are equipped with liners made of antifriction material (for example, caprolon) with sea water lubrication.

On the right and left sides, levers 19 are attached to the slider 16 on hinges 18, which are attached to the rotary doors 4 by hinges 20. The braking device control circuit contains an electric motor shield 11 with its control from the ship's wheelhouse and sensors for controlling the movement of the slider 16.

The device works as follows. If it becomes necessary to urgently stop the ship (for example, a person falls overboard), the watch officer turns on the electric motor 11 from the wheelhouse, which, through the drive 10, begins to rotate the shaft 12 in the bearings 12 and 13.

Since the shaft 12 during rotation is kept from longitudinal movement by the support-thrust bearing 14, the slider 16, which is kept from turning by the guides 17, begins to move. volumetric vortex, the formation of which absorbs the kinetic energy of the vessel's movement, creates an obstacle for the flow of water around the hull, sharply increasing the resistance to the movement of the vessel and contributing to its stop.

LITERATURE

1. Gaikovich A.I. Theory of designing displacement ships and vessels. In 2 t.T. 1. Description of the "Ship" system. - SPb.: Publishing House of NITs MORINTEKH, 2014. - 819 p.

2. Marine encyclopedic reference book. In two volumes. T. 2. / Ed. N.N. Isanina. - L.: Shipbuilding, 1986. - 520 p.

3. Ways to improve the maneuverability of the ship. URL: https//sea,library,ru>upravlenia,sudnom / 357,ulutchenie: 10/27/2020, Access mode: free.

4. Description of the invention to the copyright certificate SU1342822 A1 publ. 07/10/1987. Bull. No. 37.

5. Description of the invention to the patent RU 2009071 C1. Published 03/15/1994.

Claims (1)

Ship braking device, consisting of a bow permeable boule controlled from the wheelhouse of a drive with an electric motor that rotates a shaft in bearings passing through an oil seal in the stem, a slider with guides and levers with hinges located inside the permeable boule, characterized in that the bow of the permeable boule consists of rotary shutters with a connector along the diametrical plane of the vessel, opened and closed by a drive.

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