RU2760692C1 - Complex production line for woodworking and producing an aqueous extract from the stem of a tree, production line for producing an aqueous extract from the stem of a tree (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: woodworking.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the woodworking industry and production of products containing biologically active substances. The complex production line includes a woodworking line and a line for producing an aqueous extract from the stem of a tree, wherein the two lines are combined so that the woodworking line includes at least one drying chamber for lumber, acting simultaneously as a saturation chamber of the production line for producing an aqueous extract from the stem of a tree.

EFFECT: more complete and comprehensive use of wood raw materials is provided, emission of polluting substances is eliminated, and production of an aqueous extract including a wide range of natural biologically active substances, from the stem of a tree, is provided, wherein the composition of biologically active substances in the resulting aqueous extract is sufficiently stable.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the woodworking industry and the production of products containing biologically active substances.

The group of inventions includes a complex production line for processing wood and obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk, production lines for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk.

From RU 2717053 C2, a system and a method for obtaining moisture from a moisture-containing raw material are known.

The system for obtaining moisture from moisture-containing raw materials includes a sealed chamber, heat and electric heaters installed, for example, inside a sealed chamber, a vacuum pump connected by its outlet to the inner cavity of the sealed chamber, an air cooler, a container for collecting liquid, a temperature sensor installed inside the sealed chamber, a controller, connected by its first input to the output of the reference signal source, its second and third inputs to the outputs of the temperature sensor.

A method for obtaining moisture from a moisture-containing raw material includes placing a moisture-containing raw material inside a sealed chamber, creating a circulating air flow inside a sealed chamber, blowing the surface of a moisture-containing raw material with a circulating air stream, saturating the circulating air flow with moisture vapor from a moisture-containing raw material, cooling the circulating air stream, condensing moisture vapor from the circulating air flow, obtaining a liquid from a moisture-containing raw material, and the moisture-containing raw material is heated to a predetermined temperature, the temperature is maintained using a temperature sensor, and the moisture-containing raw material is blown at this temperature with a circulating air flow inside the sealed chamber.

The liquid obtained in this method, carried out using this system, is unstable, has a short shelf life without the use of a preservative, can be attacked by fungi, and can have an increased yeast content.

From RU 2206840 C2, a method for chamber drying of moisture-containing materials is known, including the condensation of moisture evaporated from lumber is produced by partial selection of the moist drying agent from the chamber by a compressor and feeding it into the air heater with an increase in pressure in it above the saturation pressure and heating the air heater as a result of condensation.

A system and method for drying wood products in one or more ovens is known from US Pat. No. 8,881,425 B2. Fuel is burned in one or more combustion devices, resulting in heated fluid and flue gas. The heated fluid is circulated to provide a primary heat source for one or more furnaces. Some of the flue gases are transferred to provide a secondary heat source to one or more furnaces.

A technical problem in relation to the woodworking industry is the ineffective and incomplete use of forest resources. Another technical problem is the difficulties of the technological process and the high cost of obtaining products containing biologically active substances of natural origin, the instability of biologically active substances.

A group of inventions is proposed, including an integrated production line for processing wood and obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, variants of production lines for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, which can be used as part of an integrated production line.

A complex production line is proposed, including a woodworking line and a line for obtaining water extract from a tree trunk, and the two lines are combined so that the woodworking line includes at least one drying chamber for sawn timber, which simultaneously serves as a saturation chamber of the production line for obtaining water extract from tree trunk.

In this complex production line, the variants of the production line described below (in accordance with paragraphs 2, 3 of the claims of the group of inventions) can be used to obtain an aqueous extract from a tree trunk. It should be noted that the group of inventions is not limited to these two options. To create an integrated production line in accordance with clause 1 of the claims of the group of inventions, other options for production lines may be applicable; hoods from a tree trunk.

A variant of the production line for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk includes at least one drying chamber serving as a saturation chamber, to which a wet air intake pipeline and a dry air return pipeline are connected, the wet air intake pipeline is connected to a high-pressure fan, outlet high pressure fan is connected to the inlet of the cyclone for cleaning solids, the outlet of the cyclone for cleaning solids is connected to the hot inlet of the recuperator, the hot outlet of the recuperator is connected to the hot inlet of the heat exchanger, the hot outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the cyclone condensate separator, the outlet of the cyclone condensate separator is connected to the cold recuperator inlet, recuperator cold outlet is connected to dry air return pipeline, free outlet of cyclone condensate separator is connected to primary condensate tank, and heat exchanger cold outlet is connected to ice water generator.

Another version of the production line for obtaining water extract from a tree trunk includes at least one drying chamber serving as a saturation chamber, the line also includes lumber, drying chamber fans, a false ceiling, an air intake with an expanding section, a return pipe, a cold heat exchanger, refrigeration equipment, and tubes of the cold heat exchanger are connected to the refrigeration equipment with the possibility of supplying refrigerant through them, a hot heat exchanger, a fan of the drying-condensation chamber, a tray for collecting solid particles, a primary container, a temperature and air humidity sensor, a wood moisture sensor, a water extract level sensor, a protective grid, air heater, automatic control system for condensation drying, air curtains, particulate filter.

In a particular case, the line also includes curtains installed so as to prevent overheating of refrigeration equipment. The presence of safety shutters allows you to reduce the risk of deviations from the intended temperature regime, to increase the service life of the equipment.

The proposed integrated production line (described in clause 1 of the claims of the group of inventions) allows obtaining a product in the form of an aqueous extract from a tree trunk in various ways, using production lines of a different composition. A prerequisite for creating an integrated production line is the equipment of the drying chamber of the woodworking line so that it performs the functions of a saturation chamber, depending on the composition of the production line for obtaining water extract from a tree trunk, some actions of the method of obtaining water extract from a tree trunk may change.

The technical result is the combination in one production of two lines, ensuring the production of two products: wood processing products and products, including water extract from a tree trunk, containing biologically active substances.

The combination of two production lines into one complex line allows for a more complete and comprehensive use, allows for a more complete and comprehensive use of wood raw materials, which will provide both an economic effect and a positive impact on the environment, and will save forest resources. It should be especially noted that the use of an integrated technological line completely eliminates the emission of pollutants and water vapor from the drying chamber in operating modes, which will reduce the carbon footprint from woodworking enterprises that will use the developed technology.

The group of inventions makes it possible to obtain an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, including a wide range of biologically active substances of natural origin, and the composition of biologically active substances in the resulting aqueous extract from a pine trunk is sufficiently stable (stable).

The use of products, including an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, containing biologically active substances, is possible, for example, in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries.

The group of inventions is illustrated by illustrations.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the general principle of a production line for producing aqueous extract from a tree trunk.

FIG. Figures 2-4 show different versions of a production line for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk. FIG. 3, 4, in addition to the side projection, also shows a top view.

In the illustrations, the positions show:

1 - drying chamber, which also serves as a saturation chamber,

2 - cleaning cyclone,

3 - recuperator,

4 - heat exchanger,

5 - ice water generator,

6 - cyclonic condensate separator,

7 - fan (fans),

8 - lumber,

9 - air heater,

10 - cold heat exchanger,

11 - refrigeration equipment,

12 - hot heat exchanger,

13 - water extract,

14 - drying and condensation chamber,

15 - tray for collecting solid particles,

16 - water extract level sensor,

17 - return line,

18 - standard equipment of the drying chamber,

19 - pumping and filtration equipment,

20 - air intake,

21 - primary capacity,

22 - protective mesh,

23 - automatic drying,

24 - filter for removing solid particles,

25 - high pressure fan,

26 - container for finished products,

27 - valves for supply and exhaust ventilation,

28 - false ceiling,

29 - temperature and humidity sensor,

30 - wood moisture sensor,

31 - air intake line,

32 - boiler,

33 - curtains of safety,

34 - raw lumber,

35 - dry lumber,

36 - dry sawn timber of the required moisture content and quality,

37 - humid air,

38 - dry air,

39 - filtration and preparation.

It should be noted that a production line, including a woodworking line and a line for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk, may include woodworking lines of different composition and a line for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk.

The woodworking line in the claimed group of inventions can be any woodworking line known from the prior art, or created on the basis of the rules known from the prior art. The condition that determines the possibility of using a woodworking line as part of the proposed group of inventions is the presence of a drying chamber for sawn timber.

Below are examples of woodworking lines that can be used in the proposed group of inventions.

1. The woodworking line is sequentially installed: a sawmill frame, chain conveyors designed for sorting sawn logs of different sizes, accumulators, debarkers intended for removing bark, chain conveyors intended for transportation from the debarkers to drying chambers, drying chambers, chain conveyors , intended for transportation from drying chambers to a bunching device.

2. The woodworking line includes circular saws, conveyors, debarkers, squared saws, edging machines, chain conveyors intended for transportation from the debarkers to drying chambers, drying chambers, accumulators, bunching devices.

As for the line for obtaining water extract from a tree trunk, it can also have a different composition. As a component of a composite production line, technological lines for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk, shown in paragraphs. 2, 3 of the claims, but technological lines of a different layout can also be used.

The advantage of the group of inventions is the ability not to make serious changes in the design of the drying chamber (saturation chamber), and the process of drying sawn timber is carried out in a regular mode and requires minimal changes in the control automation settings.

To ensure the production of two types of products during the organization of drying, the tightness of the drying chamber is ensured by gluing the seams and installing hermetic seals for doors and gates, adding to it the function of a saturation chamber, organizing the intake of moist air and returning it back, installing drying and condensing equipment, which can have a different design depending on the type of drying chamber, installation of a pump and filtration line, metering devices and containers for collecting finished products.

The method of obtaining an aqueous solution saturated with biologically active substances from a pine trunk consists in placing sawn fragments of a pine trunk in the saturation chamber to increase the area of recoil.

Experimentally and by calculation, it was possible to create a technological line operating on the principle of complete air recirculation as a carrier of saturated steam in a system consisting of several hermetically sealed saturation chambers.

A pine trunk, standardized in accordance with GOST 9463-2016, is sawn into pieces of a given size to increase the evaporation area and stacked in a drying chamber.

The drying process takes place at a temperature of 40 to 65 ° C by air flows.

The change in the temperature regime and the direction of the heated air flows takes place depending on the technological stage, the moisture content of wood and air according to a special program, for the most efficient drying of raw materials.

Air saturated with vapors is pumped into the dehumidification unit, where it is cleaned of suspended solids and undergoes two-level cooling followed by dehumidification in order to extract the liquid saturated with individual biologically active components. The product thus obtained is purified.

The resulting aqueous solution is subjected to multi-stage filtration (purification) and pumped into a storage tank.

The advantage of this invention is the ability not to make serious changes in the design of the drying chamber (saturation chamber), and the process of drying sawn timber is carried out in a regular mode and requires minimal changes in the settings of the automatic control.

The production line for obtaining water extract from a tree trunk can be performed as follows.

To organize the production of water extract, it is required to install a wet air intake pipeline and a dry air return pipeline in the drying chamber. The wet air intake line is connected to the high pressure fan (25), the fan outlet is connected to the inlet of the cyclone for cleaning solids (2), the outlet of the cyclone for cleaning solids is connected to the hot inlet of the recuperator (3), the hot outlet of the recuperator is connected to the hot inlet heat exchanger (4), the hot outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the cyclone condensate separator (6), the outlet of the cyclone is connected to the cold inlet of the recuperator, through the cold outlet of the recuperator the dried air is heated and returned through the pipeline (17) back to the drying chamber. The free outlet of the cyclone is connected to the primary condensate tank, and the cold outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the ice water generator (5).

The technological process is as follows. The whole cycle of drying and obtaining a water extract is carried out in a fully automatic mode.

After turning on the automation, the unit gives a signal to turn on the boiler and the ice water generator. The accumulation of thermal energy in the heat accumulator and ice in the generator is carried out. Depending on the type, power and volume of the battery and the mains supply, this process may take different time, which is taken into account when setting up control commands. After the end of the accumulation of thermal energy and ice, the coolant begins to be supplied to the heaters and a signal is passed to turn on the fans. The temperature in the drying chamber rises to 65 ° C. This mode is maintained for an hour. At the end of the mode, a signal is given to open the ventilation valves.

After the valves are closed, the temperature conditions are set, which are necessary for the implementation of the high-quality drying process.

At the same time, a signal is given to turn on the high pressure fans and the pump of the ice water generator. Steam from the drying chamber (saturation chamber) is supplied to the drying-condensation chamber, and cold water begins to circulate in the cooling circuit of the heat exchanger.

As the set humidity in the drying chamber (saturation chamber) is reached, the automation gives a signal to open the ventilation valve.

In general, the automation operates normally during the drying process.

As the ice supply in the ice water generator is depleted, which is fixed by the temperature sensor, the automatic equipment turns off the GLV pump and high pressure fans, the process of ice accumulation occurs, after which they are turned on.

The technological process ends after the wood reaches the specified moisture level.

The steam-air mixture is condensed in the recuperator and heat exchanger. The resulting water extract under the action of high pressure created by the fan, together with the dried air, enters the cyclone, where it is separated from it under the action of centrifugal force and flows into the primary container.

A production line for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk can be presented differently.

A drying chamber of the condensation type is used.

A complete processing line consists of the following elements: drying chamber (saturation chamber), lumber (8), drying chamber fans (7), false ceiling (28), air intake (20), return pipe (17), cold heat exchanger (10), refrigeration equipment (11), hot heat exchanger (12), fan (7) of the drying-condensation chamber, tray for collecting solid particles (15), primary container (21), air temperature and humidity sensor (29), wood moisture sensor (30) , water extract level sensor (16), protective grid (22), air heater (9), condensation drying automatics (23), safety shutters (33), particulate filter (24).

The advantage of this scheme is the most efficient collection of water extract, the closedness of the entire system, gentle drying modes with obtaining high-quality dry sawn timber, compact equipment, low energy consumption.

To organize the production of a water extract, it is required to make a rectangular opening in the wall opposite to the loading gate. An air intake is installed in the opening. In the space of the false ceiling, a circular cutout is organized, in the opening of which a return pipe is installed, connected to the fan.

The principle of operation of the equipment is as follows:

hot humid air is drawn from the drying chamber (saturation chamber) through the air intake using a fan

- then hot humid air passes through the heat exchanger

- the tubes of the heat exchanger are connected to the refrigeration equipment and the refrigerant is supplied through them

- passing through the heat exchanger, the moist air is cooled, and the steam with which it is saturated is condensed on the heat exchanger plates

- the water extract flows into the sump and through the filter for cleaning from solid particles enters the primary tank

- the dehumidified and cooled air turns 90 ° and, passing through the heat exchanger, heats up again and returns to the drying chamber (saturation chamber) through the return pipe for reuse.

The technological process is as follows. The entire cycle of drying lumber and obtaining a water extract is carried out in a fully automatic mode.

After turning on the automation, the unit gives a signal to turn on the boiler connected to the heater and the fans of the drying chamber. The chamber heats up to 65 ° C, and this mode is maintained for 1 hour. At the end of the mode, heating of the heaters stops and a signal is given to turn on the fans of the condensation chamber. In case of overheating of the refrigerant at the initial moment of operation, the automation opens the safety curtains. In the future, the automation maintains the optimal mode for drying lumber, and as the primary tank is filled, it turns on the pump, which pumps the water extract for further filtration and preparation.

The production cycle ends when the timber reaches the specified moisture level.

The water extract of the tree trunk is obtained by the technology of complex processing of plant raw materials. The technology excludes the use of any extractants and makes it possible to obtain a highly pure natural product for use in the cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries.

Claims (4)

1. An integrated production line, including a woodworking line and a line for obtaining water extract from a tree trunk, and the two lines are combined so that the woodworking line includes at least one drying chamber for sawn timber, which simultaneously serves as a saturation chamber of the production line for obtaining water extract from a tree trunk. 2. A production line for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk, including at least one drying chamber, characterized in that the drying chamber functions as a saturation chamber, to which a pipeline for the intake of moist air and a pipeline for the return of dry air, a pipeline for the intake of wet air is connected to a high-pressure fan, the outlet of the high-pressure fan is connected to the inlet of the cyclone for cleaning solid particles, the outlet of the cyclone for cleaning solids is connected to the hot inlet of the recuperator, the hot outlet of the recuperator is connected to the hot inlet of the heat exchanger, the hot outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the cyclone condensate separator , the outlet of the cyclone condensate separator is connected to the cold inlet of the recuperator, the cold outlet of the recuperator is connected to the dry air return line, the free outlet of the cyclone condensate separator is connected to the primary condensate tank, and the cold outlet of the heat exchanger is connected inen with ice water generator. 3. A production line for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk, including at least one drying chamber, characterized in that the drying chamber functions as a saturation chamber, the line also includes drying chamber fans, a false ceiling, an air intake with an expanding section, a return pipe, a cold heat exchanger , refrigeration equipment, and the tubes of the cold heat exchanger are connected to the refrigeration equipment with the possibility of supplying refrigerant through them, a hot heat exchanger, a fan of the drying-condensation chamber, a tray for collecting solid particles, a primary container, a temperature and humidity sensor, a wood moisture sensor, a water level sensor hoods, protective mesh, air heater, automatic condensation drying control system, particulate filter. 4. A production line for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk according to claim 3, including safety curtains designed to prevent overheating of refrigeration equipment.

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