RU2760380C2 - Mining drilling system with adapter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to mining, in particular to a system for use in selective drilling of a bottomhole of a mine work. The system for attaching different first and second drilling tools to a drill head includes a socket and contains a cartridge and an adapter. The cartridge is adapted to be located at least partially in the socket of the drill head, and it contains the first hole adapted for engaging the first drilling tool. The adapter is designed to form a selective locking in the first hole of the cartridge to prevent the adapter from being removed from the cartridge in the direction of drilling or allowing the adapter to be removed from the cartridge in the absence of locking. The adapter contains the second hole adapted for engaging the second drilling tool. The cartridge includes a set of internal protrusions in the first hole, and the adapter includes a set of external protrusions, alternating in position with internal protrusions to form a selective locking. The set of internal protrusions contains the first group of protrusions with the first distribution around the circle and the second group of protrusions with the second distribution around the circle, which is larger than the first distribution around the circle. The set of external protrusions on the adapter can pass through the first group of protrusions and move in the second group of protrusions, when the adapter is scrolled in the cartridge to form a locking.EFFECT: reliable connection of elements.19 cl, 16 dwg

Description

This application claims priority under Provisional US Patent Application No. 62/436,908, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

The technical field to which the present invention relates

[0001] The present invention relates to mining and, in particular, to a system for use in selective drilling of a face (roof or wall) of a mine opening.

Prior art of the present invention

[0002] Typical drilling operations in mines use a drill head comprising a socket adapted to receive the proximal end of a drill rod and thus apply a rotational driving force to drill the hole. Unlike conventional hand drills with a one-piece adjustable chuck, the socket is usually a fixed size design and is designed to work in conjunction with a retrievable chuck designed to withstand significant driving forces and harsh conditions. Thus, the drill rod must be specially adapted (for example, characterized by a specific shape and size) to fit a particular chuck, or, in addition, during drilling operations (when the drill rod is removed from the hole after drilling it), it will potentially weaken.

[0003] In the prior art, so-called "twist-lock" systems have been proposed in which a drill rod can be inserted into a chuck and rotated to achieve a selectively locked state (see, for example, U.S. Patent No. 4,226,290, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference ). While this system fulfills its intended purpose, it cannot reliably accommodate different drill rod sizes outside of a defined range, such as drill rods with a smaller maximum diameter or drill rods without twist-lock capabilities. In the absence of a twist lock mechanism (such as a hex receiver and a hex drill rod), propulsion to drill the hole could proceed unhindered, but the operator must then proceed with great care when removing the drill rod from the hole. This is usually done by slowing down the rotation and extraction speeds, both of which contribute to a decrease in efficiency. In addition, the twist-lock mechanism requires the use of a drill rod, which is a wearing part, with an expensive forged end to form the engagement, which is a disadvantage for obvious reasons.

[0004] Accordingly, there has been a need for a system in which a wide variety of different sizes and shapes of drill rods or other drilling tools such as rock bolts can be used with a single drill head without compromising drilling efficiency. In particular, the proposed system will increase flexibility by allowing a variety of tools to be used with a single chuck, and will also contribute to efficiency by providing reliable locking using common standard components that do not need to be modified in any way. The proposed improvements result in significant cost savings.

The essence of the invention

[0005] A system is provided for attaching different first and second drilling tools to a drill head containing a socket. The system comprises a chuck adapted to be positioned at least partially in a drill head seat, the chuck having a first opening adapted to receive a first drilling tool. The adapter is configured to selectively block a first bore of the chuck, the adapter includes a second bore for receiving a second drilling tool.

[0006] In one embodiment, the chuck includes a plurality of keys that are configured to engage in keyways in a drill head seat. The cartridge may further comprise a plurality of inner projections in the first opening, and the adapter comprises a plurality of outer projections alternating in position with the inner projections to form selective locking. The plurality of external protrusions can give the adapter a petaloid (petal) cross-sectional shape.

[0007] The plurality of inner projections may comprise a first group of projections with a first circumferential dimension and a second group of projections with a second circumferential dimension greater than the first circumferential dimension. Thus, the plurality of outer protrusions on the adapter can pass through the first set of protrusions and move in the second set of protrusions as the adapter is rotated in the chuck to selectively lock to drive the associated drilling tool.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first hole has a multi-faceted shape, such as, for example, a hexagonal shape. The first hole can have a variable diameter. For example, the adapter may include a split sleeve defining the first hole. The adapter may also include a mounting piece adapted to be inserted into the chuck.

[0009] In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to a drilling apparatus using a drill head having a socket. The device contains a drilling tool having a proximal end and a distal end. The adapter contains a hole of variable diameter for receiving the proximal end of the drilling tool.

[00010] In one embodiment, the adapter includes a split sleeve defining a hole. The proximal end of the drilling tool has a hexagonal cross-section. The hole in the adapter can be hexagonal.

[00011] The apparatus may further comprise a chuck adapted to be positioned at least partially in a socket of a drill head. The chuck contains a hole for receiving a drilling tool. The adapter can be configured to engage in the bore of the chuck.

[00012] The chuck may include a plurality of keys for engaging in keyways in a drill head seat. The cartridge may further comprise a plurality of inner projections in the bore, and the adapter comprises a plurality of outer projections alternating in position with the inner projections to provide reliable actuating engagement. The plurality of external protrusions give the adapter a petaloid cross-sectional shape.

[00013] Regarding the cartridge, the plurality of inner projections may comprise a first group of projections with a first circumferential dimension and a second group of projections with a second circumferential dimension greater than the first circumferential dimension. Consequently, the plurality of outer projections on the adapter can pass through the first group of projections and move in the second group of projections when the adapter is rotated in the chuck to form a secure lock.

[00014] The cartridge may include a plurality of internal projections in the bore. The drilling tool may include a plurality of outer ridges alternating in position with the inner ridges to form a reliable drive engagement. The plurality of external protrusions give the adapter a petaloid cross-sectional shape.

[00015] According to one embodiment, the plurality of inner projections comprise a first group of projections with a first circumferential dimension. The second group of protrusions is characterized by a second circumferential dimension larger than the first circumferential dimension. The outer protrusions can pass through the first set of protrusions and move in the second set of protrusions as the drilling tool is rotated in the chuck to form a selectively releasable lock. The adapter may also include a mounting piece adapted to be inserted into the chuck.

[00016] The present invention also relates to a method for operating a drill. The method includes positioning a first drilling tool in a chuck in a drill head seat. The method further includes the step of removing the first drilling tool and positioning in the chuck an adapter associated with the second drilling tool.

[00017] In one embodiment, the method further comprises, after the positioning step, the step of rolling the adapter relative to the cartridge to form a secure lock. The first drilling tool may include a rock bolt having a square cross-sectional shape, and the method includes inserting the rock bolt into a hole in a chuck, the hole having inwardly directed protrusions giving the chuck a petaloidal cross-sectional shape.

[00018] Another aspect of the invention also relates to a method for operating a drill. The method includes positioning the first drilling tool in an adapter and positioning the adapter in a chuck associated with a drill head seat. The method further includes removing the adapter from the chuck and positioning the second drilling tool in the chuck.

[00019] The method may further include, after the positioning step, the step of rolling the adapter relative to the cartridge to form a secure closure. In addition, the method may include, after the positioning step, the step of rolling the second drilling tool relative to the chuck to form a releasable but secure locking.

[00020] There is also a kit for drilling the face of a mine opening using the first and second drilling tools of different shapes or geometries. The kit contains a first adapter having a first hole for receiving the first drilling tool. The kit further comprises a second adapter having a second hole different from the first hole for receiving a second drilling tool.

[00021] In one embodiment, the kit further includes a chuck adapted to be positioned at least partially in a drill head socket. Each of the first and second adapters can be configured to engage in a chuck. The cartridge may include a plurality of inner projections in the first hole, and each of the first and second adapters may include a plurality of outer projections alternating in position with the inner projections to provide reliable actuating engagement.

[00022] According to one embodiment, the plurality of inner projections comprise a first group of projections with a first circumferential dimension. The second group of protrusions is characterized by a second circumferential dimension larger than the first circumferential dimension. Thus, the plurality of outer protrusions on each adapter can pass through the first set of protrusions and move in the second set of protrusions when the adapter is rotated to form a secure lock.

[00023] There is also a method for drilling. The method includes providing an adapter having a plurality of outer projections and a guide portion, and a cartridge having a plurality of grooves for engaging with the projections. The method further includes at least partially inserting the adapter guide portion into the chuck and rotating the chuck so that the projections align with the grooves. In addition, the method includes further insertion of the adapter into the chuck.

[00024] There is also provided a drill chuck having a plurality of internal protrusions defining a petaloidal bore for receiving and driving a roof bolt with a square cross section or an adapter having a non-square cross section. The adapter contains a plurality of protrusions that form a petaloid cross-sectional shape. The cartridge is configured to feature a twist-lock configuration.

[00025] The cartridge may further comprise a plurality of inner projections, and the adapter comprises a plurality of outer projections alternating in position with the inner projections to form reliable actuating engagement. The plurality of inner projections may comprise a first group of projections with a first circumferential dimension and a second group of projections with a second circumferential dimension greater than the first circumferential dimension, wherein the plurality of outer projections on each adapter may pass through the first group of projections and move in the second group of projections when the adapter is rotated into cartridge for the formation of a reliable locking.

[00026] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drill rod having a proximal end portion with a petaloid cross-sectional shape. The far end of the drill rod is characterized by a multifaceted cross-sectional shape. The proximal end portion contains a plurality of outer protrusions that form a petaloid cross-sectional shape.

Brief description of the figures

[00027] The above and additional advantages of the present invention may be better understood from the following description, taken with reference to the accompanying figures, where:

[00028] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a drill head;

[00029] FIG. 2 is a top view of the drill head of FIG. 1;

[00030] FIG. 3 is a partially exploded perspective view of the chuck and adapter for coupling the drill element or rock bolt to the drill head;

[00031] FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a cartridge;

[00032] FIG. 4B is a side view of the cartridge;

[00033] FIG. 4C is a top view of the cartridge;

[00034] FIG. 4D is a sectional view of the cartridge along line 4D-4D in FIG. 4B;

[00035] FIG. 5A is a perspective view of an adapter;

[00036] FIG. 5B is a side view of the adapter;

[00037] FIG. 5C is a top view of the adapter;

[00038] FIG. 6 is a top view illustrating the location of the rock bolt in the chuck;

[00039] FIG. 7 is a top view of the adapter;

[00040] FIG. 8 shows a drill rod with a "twist-lock" element; and

[00041] FIG. 9 and 10 show top views of alternative adapter shapes.

[00042] the Figures are not necessarily proportional or to scale. For example, the dimensions of some elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity, or multiple physical components may be included in a single functional block or element. In addition, reference numbers may sometimes be repeated in the figures to indicate corresponding or similar elements.

Detailed Disclosure of the Present Invention

[00043] Referring now to FIG. 1-10, the present invention relates to a system 10 for securing a drill element or drill rod in a seat S of a drill head D, for example, associated with an underground mining machine (eg, an rock bolting machine). The rock bolting machine may be of the type described and shown in US Pat. No. 7,381,012, the description by reference being incorporated herein, although it may take other forms without limitation.

[00044] In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, system 10 comprises a first component, such as a chuck 12, adapted to mate with a socket S of the drill head D. In addition, system 10 includes a second component, such as an adapter 14, adapted to mate with both the chuck 12 and the boring element, or rod 16. Thus, in its simplest form, as shown in FIG. 1, the lower or male end 12a of the chuck 12 engages with the seat S (for example, by means of radially projecting keys K for engagement with the corresponding keyways W), and the male lower end 14b of the adapter 14 connected to the drill rod 16 engages with the upper or the female end 12b of the cartridge.

[00045] Consider FIG. 3-5, which shows how the chuck 12 and adapter 14 fit together to form a secure engagement for driving the drill rod 16. Referring first to FIG. 3, it can be understood that the cartridge 12 comprises a plurality of inwardly directed inner projections or projections 12c. The protruding portions 12c form alternating grooves for receiving respective outer protrusions or protrusions 14c at the lower end 14b of the adapter 14, and thus form a reliable drive engagement when mated. As perhaps best understood from FIG. 4C and 4D, the result is a petaloid configuration (for example, having a petaloid cross-sectional shape, for which the cross-sectional layer usually looks like a flower) with several protrusions (eight in the illustrated example), so that the adapter 14 is reliable but removable held in chuck 12 for rotation purposes. While, in one embodiment, eight projections are a preferred and important design for increasing the surface area of the drive engagement, other embodiments may include more or fewer projections.

[00046] As shown in FIG. 4A and 4D, when viewed together, in the lower part L, the projections 12c are configured such that the spacings and the resulting grooves are increased in circumference as compared to the projections 12c of the upper U (cf. the distances D ₁ and D ₂ ). Thus, the lower male end 14b of the adapter 14 can be fully inserted into the chuck 12 so that the upper edges of the projections 14c match the lower edges of the resulting offset projections 12c along the upper U. At this point, the adapter 14 can be rotated or twisted in the direction clockwise to form an obstruction that can resist movement in the direction of drilling (ie, in the direction of advancement to drill or pull out of a wellbore). Changing the direction of twisting to the opposite (for example, counterclockwise) allows, therefore, to freely remove the adapter 14.

[00047] The upper end portion 14a of the adapter 14 is in turn adapted to engage securely with the drill rod 16. As shown in FIG. 3 and 5C, the adapter 14 includes a bore 14d that is adapted to receive the lower end of the drill rod 16 and may have a corresponding shape (usually hexagonal). The bore 14d can effectively define a passage that extends completely through the adapter 14 so that it fits completely on the lower end of the drill rod 16.

[00048] As shown in FIG. 5A and 5B, the bore 14d in the adapter 14 may also be variable in diameter to accommodate the respective sizes of the drill rod 16 (which may sometimes be freshly cut as a result of damage caused by drilling operations, and thus may have peripheral burrs, etc.). NS.). This can be achieved by forming the upper end portion 14a of the adapter 14 from two joining sections 14e, 14f to form a split sleeve. This sleeve, formed by sections 14e, 14f, also provides an oversized surface for engaging the top of the chuck 12 in an engaged state and helps prevent debris from entering and distribute vertical drilling forces to extend the life of both chuck 12 and adapter 14.

[00049] The relative position of the sections 14e, 14f can be determined by transverse fasteners (not shown) located in the holes 14g, which can thus help to squeeze and secure the drill rod 16 in the adapter 14 (and thus in the chuck 12 when the adapter is attached). This helps to provide reliable engagement for high-speed retrieval of the drill rod 16, and also allows for moderate deviations in the size of the near end of the drill rod without sacrificing reliability.

[00050] As shown in FIG. 5A, the adapter 14 may include a reduced-sized circular-shaped guide portion 14h extending below the peripheral ends of the projections 12c. This portion 14h assists the operator in accurately positioning the adapter 14 in the open top end of the chuck 12. If mismatched, the adapter 14 can simply be partially rotated in the chuck 12 until the projections 12c align with the corresponding grooves. It can also be understood from this figure that the projection portion of the adapter 14 is particularly long (e.g., 4 inches or more) to allow use in conjunction with the deep socket chuck 12, and furthermore provide a significant contact area for transmitting the driving force. ...

[00051] Considering FIGS. 6 and 7, it can be understood that an object such as a rock bolt B, having a major dimension or diameter sufficient to engage the projections or projections 12c, can be inserted into the chuck 12, and thus for transferring the driving force to it. If the use of a drill rod is required, an adapter 14 can be inserted into the chuck 12 before or after attaching the drill rod 16. The adapter 14 thereby gives the drill head D an increased ability to receive a wide variety of objects (i.e. standard parts) without modification, while maintaining this is the ability to provide the required locking in the cartridge.

[00052] FIG. 8 further illustrates that the drill rod 16 may be adapted to operate in conjunction with the chuck 12 to form a selective latch, such as using the aforementioned twist-lock latching. In particular, the upper part 16a of the drill rod 16 can be characterized by a conventional polyhedral shape (for example, hexagonal), and the lower part 16b can be formed with projections or projections 16c corresponding to the projections 12 from the chuck 12. Thus, as in the adapter 14 , the drill rod 16 can be inserted into the chuck 12 so that the projections 16c extend into the lower part L and can be rotated or pivoted to provide a secure locking. However, it should be understood that the chuck 12 may also be easily adapted to receive a drill rod without the protruding portions 16c, as long as it is suitably sized.

[00053] In addition, it should be understood that a plurality of adapters 14 may be provided, corresponding to the common chuck 12 and still having holes 14d sized to accommodate different sizes and shapes of drill rods 16. Thus, as shown in FIG. 9, adapter 114 may have one size square hole 114d, and another adapter 114 may have another size hole 214d. In this way, a set of adapters 114, 214 and other adapters of various sizes or shapes can be kept close at hand to accommodate a wide variety of drill rod sizes and geometries.

[00054] The protruding portions 12c may be equidistantly spaced around each other in a circumferentially spaced configuration to reduce stress and stress by simultaneously increasing corner radii and providing torque transmission surfaces with a large angle to the tangent circle. The protruding portions 12c may be sized, shaped, or otherwise adapted to suit the size of the 1 1/8 square meter anchor head in the mining industry. inch. The projections 12c may be long enough to meet the deep chuck requirement for drilling without intervention. The protrusions 14c on the adapter 14 can be large enough to provide a hollow configuration for collecting dry dust and accept a 7/8 "hex rod or 7/8" round rod to be used as an adapter for conventional drill steel pipes.

[00055] The foregoing descriptions of various embodiments are given for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be exhaustive or limiting of the scope of the present invention. Modifications or changes are also possible in light of the above ideas. So, for example, instead of a drill rod for drilling, the adapter 14 or chuck 12 can easily accommodate another component such as a tool (wrench), an extension for engaging with a drill rod, or a bolt, or other type of anchor, which are collectively referred to as tool "used in the claims. The embodiments described above have been chosen to demonstrate the best application, thereby allowing a person skilled in the art to use the present invention in various embodiments and with various modifications suitable for a particular intended use. All these modifications and changes are within the scope of the present invention.

[00056] The terms in the singular, used in the present description, mean "at least one" or "one or more". The use of the expression "one or more" in the present description does not change its intended meaning in the singular. Accordingly, terms in the singular as used herein can also mean and encompass a plurality of specified units or items, unless specifically defined or otherwise indicated herein, or otherwise dictated by context. So, for example, the terms "block", "device", "node", "mechanism", "component", "element" and "stage" or "procedure" as used herein can also mean and encompass a plurality of blocks, many devices, many nodes, many mechanisms, many components, many elements, and many stages or procedures, respectively.

[00057] Each of the following terms: "includes", "including", "characterized by the presence", "characterized by the presence", "contains" and "containing" and their linguistic / grammatical variants, derivatives and / or conjugations, used in the present description, means "including, but not limited to", and should be taken as indicating the specified (specified) component (s), feature (s), characteristic (characteristics), parameter (s), integer (s) or stage (s), and does not exclude the addition of one or more additional component (s), feature (s), characteristic (s), parameter (s), integer (s), stage (s) or their groups. Each of these terms is considered to be equivalent in meaning to the expression "consisting essentially of". Each of the expressions "consisting of" and "consists of" as used herein means "including and limited to". The expression "consisting essentially of" means that the specified unit or element (system, system unit, system subunit, device, node, subassembly, mechanism, structure, component, element or utility of peripheral equipment, accessory or material, method or process, stage or a procedure, sub-step or sub-procedure) representing or representing wholly or partially an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, and / or used or used to implement an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, may contain at least one additional feature or characteristic representing or representing system block, system subunit, device, subassembly, subunit, mechanism, structure, component or element or utility of peripheral equipment, accessory or material, stage or procedure, sub-step or sub-procedure), but only on the condition that each such additional feature or characteristic is essential It does not significantly change the main characteristics that meet the patentability requirements "novelty" and "inventive step", or special technical features of the claimed invention.

[00058] The term "method" as used herein means steps, procedures, ways, means and / or techniques for accomplishing a given task, including, but not limited to, steps, procedures, ways, means and / or techniques, either known to those skilled in the relevant field (s) to which the present invention (s) pertains, or readily developed from known steps, procedures, ways, means, and / or techniques.

[00059] Approximate terms such as "about", "substantially", "approximately", etc., as used herein, mean ± 10% of the indicated numerical value.

[00060] It should be understood that certain aspects, characteristics and features of the present invention, for clarity, illustratively described and presented in the context or format of several separate embodiments, may also be illustratively described and presented in any suitable combination or sub-combination in the context or format of a single embodiment. implementation. Conversely, various aspects, characteristics and features of the invention, illustratively described and presented in the context or format of one embodiment, may also be illustratively described and presented in the context or format of several separate embodiments.

Claims (29)

1. A system for attaching different first and second drilling tools to a drill head, including a socket, containing: a chuck adapted to be positioned at least partially in a drill head seat, the chuck comprising a first hole adapted to engage a first drilling tool; and an adapter configured to selectively lock in the first hole of the chuck to prevent the adapter from being pulled out of the chuck in the direction of drilling or to allow the adapter to be removed from the chuck in the absence of locking, the adapter comprising a second hole adapted to engage the second drilling tool; wherein the cartridge includes a plurality of inner projections in the first opening and the adapter includes a plurality of outer projections alternating in position with the inner projections to form selective locking; wherein the plurality of inner projections comprise a first group of projections with a first distribution around the circumference and a second group of projections with a second distribution around the circumference, which is greater than the first distribution around the circumference, and the plurality of outer projections on the adapter can pass through the first group of projections and move in the second group of projections when the adapter is rotated in the chuck to form a lock. 2. The system of claim. 1, wherein the chuck includes a plurality of keys for engaging in keyways in a drill head seat. 3. The system of claim. 1, wherein the plurality of outer projections comprise projections giving the adapter an at least partially petaloid cross-sectional shape. 4. The system of claim. 1, wherein the second hole comprises a hole of adjustable diameter. 5. The system of claim. 1, wherein the adapter includes a split sleeve defining the second hole. 6. The system of claim. 1, wherein the lower end of the adapter comprises a mounting piece adapted to be inserted into the chuck. 7. The system of claim. 1, wherein the portion of the adapter for insertion into the first hole of the cartridge has a petaloid cross-sectional shape containing a plurality of protrusions, and the second hole has a hexagonal cross-sectional shape. 8. System for drilling using a drill head, including a socket, containing: first and second drilling tools for attaching to a drill head seat, the first drilling tool having a first end portion with a first cross-sectional shape and the second drilling tool having a second end portion with a second cross-sectional shape different from the first cross-sectional shape; a chuck adapted to be positioned at least partially in a drill head seat, the chuck including a first hole adapted to engage a first end portion of a first drilling tool; and further comprising an adapter designed to form selective locking within the first hole of the chuck to prevent the adapter from being pulled out of the chuck in the direction of drilling or to allow the adapter to be removed from the chuck in the absence of locking, the adapter comprising a second hole for engaging the second end portion of the second drilling tool. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the chuck includes a plurality of keys for engaging in keyways in a drill head seat. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the cartridge includes a plurality of inner projections in the first opening and the adapter includes a plurality of outer projections alternating in position with the inner projections to form selective locking. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the plurality of outer protrusions comprise rounded protrusions giving the adapter an at least partially petaloid cross-sectional shape. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein the plurality of inner projections comprise a first group of projections with a first circumferential distribution and a second group of projections with a second circumferential distribution that is greater than the first circumferential distribution, wherein the plurality of outer projections on the adapter may extend through the first group of protrusions and move in the second group of protrusions when the adapter is rotated in the chuck to form a lock. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the second opening comprises a variable diameter opening. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the variable diameter hole has a hexagonal cross-sectional shape. 15. The system of claim 8, wherein the first end portion of the first drilling tool for insertion into the first hole of the chuck comprises a square cross-sectional shape, the portion of the adapter for insertion into the first hole of the chuck has a petaloid cross-sectional shape containing a plurality of protrusions, and the second hole has hexagonal cross-sectional shape. 16. The system of claim 8, wherein the first drilling tool comprises a rock bolt and the second drilling tool comprises a drill rod. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the rock bolt has a square cross-sectional shape at the first end portion and the drill rod has a hexagonal cross-sectional shape at the first end portion. 18. A system for attaching different first and second drilling tools to a drill head, including a socket, comprising: a chuck adapted to be positioned at least partially in a drill head seat, the chuck being adapted to engage a first drilling tool; further comprising an adapter for engaging the second drilling tool, and means for selectively forming a secure locking for preventing the adapter from being pulled out of the chuck in the direction of drilling or allowing the adapter to be removed from the chuck in the absence of secure locking. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the means for selectively forming a secure locking comprises a plurality of internal projections on the chuck, including a first group of projections with a first circumferential distribution and a second group of projections with a second circumferential distribution that is greater than the first circumferential distribution and a plurality of outer projections on the adapter configured to pass through the first group of projections and move around the circumference in the second group of projections when the drilling tool is rotated in the chuck to form a secure lock.

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