RU2759775C1 - Small arms butt stock for frontal rifle rack - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weaponry.

SUBSTANCE: butt stock of small arms for the frontal rifle rack contains a pipe, a frame, a clamping sleeve. The frame contains a heel that is connected to the butt stock, while the butt stock is connected to the heel by means of two adjustment plates. One of the adjusting plates contains a longitudinal slot for attaching the second adjusting plate and holes for attaching the butt stock, and the second adjusting plate contains an arcuate slot. The arcuate groove allows the heel to deflect from the vertical position from 0 to 30 degrees. The clamping sleeve contains screws for fixing the pipe and frame in a given position.

EFFECT: reducing the impact of the weapon on the shooter, increasing the safety of the shooter while firing a shot.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to small arms, and in particular to the design of an adjustable buttstock of small arms intended for use on various types of weapons.

LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

In the prior art, an adjustable butt of small arms is known (RU 2711837 C1, 01/22/2020) D1, which consists of a handle, a body and a butt pad, while a slotted flange is cut into the handle, a counterpart with slots is located on the butt body, and between these elements a replaceable washer is installed, the flat edges of which can be either parallel or at a certain angle, which determines the amount of retraction of the butt.

The disadvantage of the solution disclosed in D1 is the limited possibilities of adjusting the height of the cheek or the length of the butt plate, which does not allow for the comfortable use of this mechanism for adjusting the cheek and back of the butt in the front stand of the shooter.

Also in the prior art, an adaptable stock of small arms is known (RU 127886 U1, 05/10/2013) D2, containing the stock forend, cheeks and the back of the butt, the back of the head has the ability to change the slope in the longitudinal section along the vertical plane, the cheek of the butt is adjustable in height by means of guides and has the ability to change the slope both in the cross section and in the longitudinal section along the vertical plane, the cheek has an additional ability to be displaced horizontally in directions perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, the back of the butt is adjustable in length by means of guides and has the ability to be displaced horizontally perpendicular to the vertical plane passing along the axis of the small arms barrel, the back of the butt also contains a fixing element for additional fixing of the butt in the shoulder, which is removable and adjustable in height, the fore-end has the ability to change the inclination in the longitudinal section along the vertical plane.

The disadvantage of the solution disclosed in D2 is the limited possibilities of adjusting the height of the cheek or the length of the butt pad, which does not allow for the comfortable use of this mechanism for adjusting the cheek and back of the butt in the front stand of the shooter.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The problem to be solved by the claimed solution is to eliminate the disadvantages identified in the prior art.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to reduce the impact of the weapon on the shooter and to increase the safety of the shooter while firing a shot.

The specified technical result of the claimed invention is achieved due to the fact that the butt of small arms for the frontal rifle rack includes a tube, a frame, which is connected to the tube by means of a clamp adjusting plates, while one of the adjusting plates contains a longitudinal slot for attaching the second adjusting plate and holes for attaching the butt plate, and the second adjusting plate contains an arcuate slot located in the transverse direction and a hole for attaching the heel, as well as holes for placing screws in them, connecting two adjusting plates, the arcuate groove provides the ability to deflect the heel from the vertical position from 0 to 30 degrees, and the clamping sleeve is equipped with screws that secure the pipe and frame in a given position.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figure 1 presents a General view of the adjustable buttstock of small arms.

Figures 2a-2d show a view of an adjusting stock with a phased attachment of adjusting plates and a butt pad.

Figures 3a and 3b show the shim plates.

Figure 4 shows a diagram of the alignment of the axis of the eye with the line of sight.

Figure 5 shows a diagram of the interaction of the vectors of recoil and withdrawal during the production of a shot.

CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Figures 1-3b show a small arms butt for a frontal rifle stand, which includes a tube (1), a frame (2), which is connected to the butt tube (1) by means of a clamping sleeve (3). The frame (2) contains a heel (4) that is connected to the butt pad (5). The butt pad (5) is connected to the heel (4) by means of two adjusting plates (6, 7). One of the adjusting plates (6) is rigidly connected to the butt plate (5), and has a longitudinal groove (12) for movement relative to the second adjusting plate (7) by a length of ± 12 mm relative to the middle position and holes (8), into which screws are installed for fastening the butt plate (5) and the adjusting plate (6). The second adjusting plate (7) contains an arcuate groove (9) and a hole (10), in which screws are installed to fasten the adjusting plate (7) to the heel (4), while the hole (10) is located in the center of the adjusting plate (7). The arcuate groove (9) allows the heel (4) to be deflected from the vertical position by an angle of 30 degrees. The adjusting plate (7) is also provided with holes (11), into which screws are installed for fastening with the second adjusting plate (6). The adjusting plate (7) connected to the heel (4) can be additionally offset relative to the central axis of the adjusting plate (6), connected to the butt plate (5), towards the deflection of the heel (4) by 10 mm, and the clamping sleeve (3) is equipped with screws that secure the pipe (1) and the frame ( 2). The adjusting plates (6, 7) are screwed with screws, first the first (7) to the heel (4) of the frame (2) of the butt, then the next (6) to the plate (7). And the butt pad (5) is screwed to the second plate (6). All fastenings are carried out with standard DIN912 M6 screws. The holes (11) and the groove (12) located in the adjusting plates (6, 7) ensure the displacement of the plates relative to each other:

vertical ± 15 mm

horizontally ± 10 mm

The pipe (1), clamping sleeve (3) and the upper part of the frame are longitudinally closed by a cover (13). The casing (13) is closed from the ends with plugs (14). The casing (13) with plugs (14), cover the inner parts of the butt.

Of course, a part of ergonomics in shooting sports is also gun ergonomics, which is aimed, first of all, at providing the sportsman-shooter with the convenience of using weapons, and, therefore, attaining the highest sporting result.

The main requirements of weapon ergonomics include:

1. Guaranteed safety of handling weapons in any conditions of its operation.

2. The minimum impact of the weapon on the shooter in relation to recoil, and as a result - minimization of toss and withdrawal of the barrel after the shot.

3. Reducing the time required to prepare for the production of a second shot.

4. Convenience of using weapons to achieve the highest sporting result.

When a shot is fired, such a phenomenon as "recoil" occurs.

Recoil affects the shooter's body, and leads to the fact that the sights of the weapon go off the line of sight. To produce a second shot, it is necessary to again combine the sights with the aiming point.

When using a powerful ammunition with a strong recoil, there is a noticeable departure of sights from the line of sight after each shot fired, which consists of two factors:

- tossing the trunk (upward movement of the trunk end)

- barrel withdrawal (movement of the barrel end towards the shoulder, against which the butt rests)

When firing a shot from a long-barreled small arms and ready to fire in the "standing" position, there are several types of racks. In most cases, the following stance is used - the hunting (bench) stance.
A similar stand is indicated in the "Manual on shooting". This stand is characteristic in that the shooter's body is turned at an angle of approximately 45 ° towards the target. At the same time, for the convenience of inserting and preparing for a shot, hunting and sporting weapons for trap shooting have a dead and a retract of the box, which allows you to adjust the weapon to the anthropometric characteristics of the shooter. The death and retraction in this weapon does not exceed 2-3 cm and are usually made without the possibility of adjustment.

The hunting or bench rack is the most common one for use. It is quite convenient, it allows you to make a comfortable shot from almost any weapon. Its main disadvantage is that it is mainly designed to produce a single shot from a static position, the shooter's body is subject to a strong recoil effect, which leads to a noticeable toss and withdrawal, which, in turn, requires a significant amount of time to get ready for a second shot. Also, due to its peculiarity, namely, turning the body at an angle of 45 degrees to one side, it is not convenient for quickly changing shooting positions and moving in different directions.

The tasks of tactical or sport shooting, and especially in the sport of "Practical shooting", is the production of a significant number of shots, including in series, in motion, from awkward positions, in a limited time. The need to produce a quick re-shot and quick movements in different directions make special demands on the shooting stand. Therefore, when shooting from a pistol in the sport of "Practical Shooting", a special stand is used - frontal ,
The description of the rack is described in detail in the book Kryuchin V.A. "Practical shooting" pp. 82-83, i.e. equilateral, triangular stance, holding the weapon with two hands.

When shooting from a long-barreled weapon in the sport of "Practical Shooting", the frontal stand is also preferable, since it allows a quick change of shooting positions, a monotonous tab and quick production of a second shot in a series.

Nevertheless, when using the frontal stand for firing a shot from a long-barreled weapon, the shooter experiences the following inconveniences when aligning the sighting devices with the eye:

1. When resting the butt plate on the shooter's shoulder, for alignment, you have to tilt your head to the shoulder against which the butt of the weapon rests.

2. When the butt plate rests on the collarbone, the aiming line and the eye line are aligned, the head is in a natural vertical position. But the recoil is not perceived comfortably, painfully and can lead to injury (especially when working with large calibers, for example, in the discipline "Shotgun" of the sport "Practical Shooting").

It is proposed to eliminate the above-mentioned inconveniences of the frontal rack and increase the ready-to-fire speed (which is especially important in sports and tactical shooting) when firing from long-barreled weapons, it is proposed by changing the design of the butt of the weapon, namely, a significant displacement of the butt plate from the axis of the weapon towards the shooter's shoulder. which allows, while maintaining the coincidence of the axis of the weapon with the line of the shooter's eye, to emphasize the butt plate in the usual and safe place on the shooter's shoulder. (Fig. 4).

Also, when using this adjustable butt, the following effect is observed - due to the significant displacement of the butt plate from the axis of the weapon, the withdrawal of the weapon after the shot under the influence of recoil is minimized. This is due to the fact that an additional lever arises, leading to the withdrawal of the weapon inside the rotation system, which largely compensates for the general withdrawal of the weapon outward (Fig. 5). Figure 5 shows a diagram of the distribution of forces acting on the shooter and the weapon, in particular:

15. The axis of rotation of the shooter's body ("shooter-weapon" rotation system);

16. The force of recoil of the weapon when fired;

17. Movement of the barrel of the weapon (withdrawal) outward under the influence of recoil;

18. Movement of the barrel (withdrawal) inward due to the shift lever 19;

19. The shift lever (lateral retraction) is determined by the value from the axis of the weapon to the point of contact of the butt plate with the shooter's body;

20. The barrel of the weapon.

The addition of the vectors of the acting forces according to the well-known rules shows that due to the presence of the shift lever, the movement of the barrel outward relative to the arrow is compensated.

The design of the butt has a pronounced asymmetric shape and allows you to adjust the position of the butt plate (5) of the butt. The main difference from the classic stock adjustments (drop and retraction) is in fundamentally large values of such an adjustment (usually values do not exceed 20-30mm), which allows you to safely and comfortably use the front rack with small arms. In the claimed invention, it is possible to achieve a displacement of the butt plate (5) up to 150 mm, due to the fact that the position of the butt plate (5) of the butt is adjusted in four directions:

1. Along the total length of the butt, displacement of the clamping sleeve (3) along the pipe (1) with fixing with screws.

2. Along the side extension (outlet) of the butt plate (5) of the butt, by turning the clamping sleeve (3) along the pipe (1) with fixing with screws. And also by displacement of the adjusting plate 6 relative to the adjusting plate 7 along the holes 11.

3. By vertical displacement of the butt plate (5) of the butt (displacement of one adjusting plate (7) relative to the other adjusting plate (6) along the longitudinal groove (12) in the adjusting plate (6) with screws.

4. Along the angle of the butt plate relative to the vertical axis, by turning the heel (4) relative to the adjusting plate (7) along the arcuate groove (9) in the adjusting plate (7) with screws.

The use of this invention allows the shooter, being in a comfortable FRONTAL stance, to place the butt plate in a natural and safe place (in the shoulder), without tilting the head to combine the eye line with the aiming line, which makes it possible to increase the convenience and safety of using the weapon, to minimize the impact of the shot on the shooter, which in in turn, leads to a significant reduction in the time required to prepare for the production of a second shot.

Thus, when used, it is achieved:

1. Guaranteed safety of handling weapons in any conditions of its operation, due to reliable adjustment of the position of the butt, the strength of the design of the adjustment mechanisms.

2. The minimum impact of the weapon on the shooter in relation to recoil, and as a consequence - minimization of the toss and withdrawal of the barrel after the shot, due to the interaction of the butt of a special shape with the shooter's body under the influence of recoil.

3. Reducing the time required to prepare for the production of a second shot, due to the natural anatomical position of the body and head of the shooter when using the front stand.

4. Ease of use of weapons to achieve the highest sporting result, due to the possibility of adjusting the position of the butt to adjust the parameters to the requirements and physiological parameters of the shooter.

The claimed invention solves two fundamental problems:

1. Convenience of natural use of the frontal support in the production of fast series of shots after or during movement:

a. It is not necessary to keep the shooter's head and neck in an uncomfortable position.

b. No additional time is required to move the head from its natural position to align the sighting line with the shooter's eye.

c. Keeping the natural position of the shooter's body, the butt rests against a safe place to exclude the possibility of injury.

2. By shifting the recoil axis of the weapon, we remove the phenomenon of toss and withdrawal, which allows us to carry out repeated shots as quickly as possible in a series by minimizing the time it takes for the barrel to return to the target to produce a repeated accurate shot.

Claims (1)

A small arms butt for a frontal rifle rack, including a tube, a frame that is connected to the tube by means of a clamping sleeve, while the frame contains a heel that is connected to the butt plate, characterized in that the butt plate is connected to the heel by means of two adjusting plates, with one of the adjusting plates plates contains a longitudinal groove for attaching the second adjusting plate and holes for attaching the butt plate, and the second adjusting plate contains an arcuate groove located in the transverse direction and a hole for attaching the heel, as well as holes for accommodating screws connecting the two adjusting plates, an arcuate groove provides the ability to deflect the heel from the vertical position from 0 to 30 degrees, and the clamping sleeve is equipped with screws that secure the pipe and frame in a given position.

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