RU27595U1 - HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN POWER PLANT - Google Patents

Description

Power plant for producing hydrogen and oxygen.

The utility model relates to physical and chemical technologies for the production of hydrogen and oxygen, as well as to the field of nuclear energy and can be used to produce energy released during synthesis reactions occurring in the reactor.

A technical solution is known (see Yakovlev S.V., Krasnoborodko I.G., Rogov V.M. Technology of electrochemical water treatment. Stroyizdat, 1987, pp. 227-231), containing a housing with nozzles for supplying and discharging the treated solution, an electric discharge chamber with a flat and needle electrode in it.

A technical solution is also known (see US Patent No. 3969214, class C 25 B 1/02, 1976), comprising a housing with an axial hole, a working solution inlet port located in the lower part of the interelectron cavity, an interelectronic chamber, and an anode connected to the positive pole of the power source, and a cathode connected to a negative power source, a device for creating an alternating magnetic field.

A disadvantage of the known devices is that the anode and cathode are in the same cavity of the interelectronic chamber. As a result, the oxygen released at the anode mixes with the hydrogen that is released at the cathode. The process of mixing these gases is accompanied by endothermic reactions of the formation of hydrogen peroxide H2O2 and ozonases, which, absorbing energy, reduce the total amount of energy generated by the electrolytic process, and thus reduce the energy performance of the device.

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Known nuclear reactions in deuterium-containing media (Lipson. G., Klyuev V.A., Deryagin B.V. et al. “Observation of neutrons during cavitation exposure to deuterium-containing ones, Journal of Technical Physics, vol. 16, issue 19, 1990, , pp. 89-93; Lipson, A.G., Deryagin, B.V., Klyuev, V.A. et al., “Initiation of Nuclear Fusion Reactions in Cavitation Interaction on Deuterium-Containing Media,” Tech. Physics, vol. 62, no. 12 , 1992, p. 122-130).

Nuclear reactors of a known type do not allow a continuous cycle of reactions to be organized, since the heat losses in them rapidly increase with increasing plasma temperature (T) and the energy sources go out. The nuclear reactions in them are fleeting and do not make it possible to obtain excess energy to overcome the Coulomb barrier and ensure nuclear interaction.

A close technical solution is the installation containing a housing with an insert of short-circuit material with one or more holes in it (Author's certificate No. 334405, publ. 30.03.72).

When regulating the frequency of the pulsation of the flow of the dielectric fluid by changing the speed of the gear pump in the system, powerful resonant sound vibrations are formed at a frequency of about one kilohertz. At the input edge of the hole made in the insert, a positive electric charge of high density arises. The magnitude of the charge depends on the intensity of cavitation, the dielectric properties of the insert and the liquid. A quasistationary plasma formation is formed in the dielectric fluid in front of the inlet made in the insert, the energy reserve of which does not exceed 1 J / cm, which does not cover the costs of its formation and maintenance.

dielectric q) e№i, containing a dielectric, cavitation-resistant housing for receiving this medium, in the cavity of which an insert is made, made of dielectric material prone to cavitation emission, and provided with one or more openings, into the outflowing dielectric medium, for example, " chemically pure “heavy water with the same dielectric characteristics and a ratio of approximately 100: 1 is introduced into the holes of the insert, high-density electric charge, the potential of which is capable of ionizing hydrogen isotope atoms and giving the nuclei of these atoms an energy impulse to overcome the Coulomb barrier and ensure nuclear interaction. (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2152083, IPC: G 21 C 1/00, publ. 2000, prototype).

However, in this device, the hydrogen yield is low, only the thermal part of the released energy is used.

This utility model eliminates the disadvantages of analogues and prototype.

The technical result of the utility model is to expand the functionality, increase the plasma formation to such a value that it exceeds the cost of obtaining and maintaining the plasma formation and nuclear reactions, as well as the effective release of hydrogen and oxygen.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a power plant for producing hydrogen and oxygen, operating on a mixture including hydrogen and its isotopes, in the form of an expiring dielectric medium, containing a dielectric housing resistant to cavitation emission for receiving this medium, in the cavity of which an insert is made, made made of dielectric material prone to cavitation emission and equipped with one

OR a few holes), chemically pure “heavy water with the same dielectric characteristics and the ratio necessary to control the reactions is introduced into the flowing dielectric medium, for example,“ light water with a resistivity of about 10 Ohm-m, at least two magnets, behind which at least two nozzles are located, electrically isolated from each other and connected to vessels for collecting hydrogen and oxygen.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing, which schematically shows u) an ideal design of a power plant for producing hydrogen and oxygen. Case 1 is made of a dielectric material that is resistant to heat and cavitation emissions (ceramics, sapphire, etc.) - Box 2 has an insert 2 made of dielectric material prone to cavitational emission (asbestos cement, fluoroplastic, etc. .). At least one hole 3 is made in insert 2, which are cylindrical channels 25-30 mm long and 1-2 mm in diameter. A deflector assembly 4 is installed on the housing 1. After insertion 2, the restriction in the form of a Laval nozzle is made in the housing 1, and along the flow of the working fluid in the region of the deflecting assembly 4 there are 5 nozzles 5 (at least two) connected to the vessels for collecting hydrogen and oxygen . The deflecting unit 4 can be made in the form of two magnets. The magnets support a uniform magnetic field at the output of insert 2 and the Laval nozzle.

When the dielectric fluid expires through the holes 3 made in the dielectric insert 2 of the housing 1, with a flow pulsation frequency approximately equal to the natural pulsation frequency of the hole 3, resonant oscillations of the flowing fluid flow occur. Cavitation occurs at the entrance to the hole 3 and the accompanying cavitation emission. Material from which

performed insert 2, in the zone of intense cavitation emits

electrons that are carried away by the flow, and a positive charge of high density is formed at the input edge of the hole 3, the potential of which can reach a million volts relative to the earth.

When a dielectric fluid expires in the zone of influence of this charge, hydrogen isotope atoms lose electrons from their orbits. The nuclei of hydrogen isotopes are positively charged and when interacting with a positive charge located on the input edge of the hole 3 of insert 2, they are repelled to the center of the hole 3, where their concentration increases, i.e. plasma density, and the retention time of nuclei is very high compared with the time of the course of nuclear reactions. The momentum received by the nucleus from the positive charge of insert 2 can exceed 10 keV, thus creating the conditions for the appearance of nuclear fusion reactions. Nuclei cross the Coulomb barrier and interact. The number of interactions is regulated by the ratio of "light and" heavy water.

The device has been manufactured and tested. The device operates as follows.

The working fluid, a mixture of "light and" heavy water in a ratio of approximately 100: 1, is pumped into a reactor vessel 1 under a pressure of 5-7 MPa, where an insert 2 of a dielectric material, for example fluoroplastic, in which holes 3 are made 25- 30 mm and a diameter of 1-2 mm. The pulsator excites pulsation of the flow with a frequency of about one kilohertz. The resonant pulsation frequency depends on the length and diameter of the hole 3 of insert 2 and the physical parameters of the liquid, which are achieved by smoothly changing the pulsation of the flow from the pomp, pulser. The onset of nuclear reactions is recorded visually if the housing 1 is made of a transparent material.

for example, organic glass by ionizing radiation, causing the glow of ambient air, neutron flux, heat in the working fluid, change its chemical composition and other parameters.

The total energy release is 10-20 times higher than the energy consumption for maintaining nuclear reactors.

The pulsator and pump are not shown in the drawing. The narrowing of the main channel at the exit of insert 2 is a Loval nozzle, which helps to accelerate the flow of ionized liquid. After the deflecting unit 4, the separation of charged particles occurs.

An increase in the concentration of heavy water in light water (for example, 100: Zb) leads to a change in the electrification of the flow of the working medium and an increase in the yield of hydrogen and oxygen. The flow thus ionized and accelerated in the Loval nozzle passes through a magnetic field, as a result of which Lorentz forces arise. Positive ions move to one tube, and negative ions to another, thus separating flows with negative and positive ions, and since the flows are electrically isolated, their relaxation is difficult. The streams carry ions of different signs in special vessels, where the ions recombine, giving up their charge, and become free in one case with hydrogen, in the other with oxygen.

Claims (1)

A power plant for producing hydrogen and oxygen, operating on a mixture comprising hydrogen and its isotopes, in the form of an expiring dielectric medium containing a dielectric cavitation-resistant housing for receiving this medium, in the cavity of which an insert is made made of a dielectric material prone to cavitation emission, and equipped with one or more holes, into the expiring dielectric medium, for example, “light water” with a resistivity of about 10 ¹¹ Ohm • m, chemically pure “t yellow water "with the same dielectric characteristics and the ratio necessary to control the reactions, characterized in that at least two magnets are installed on the device’s body, behind which there are at least two nozzles, electrically isolated from each other and connected to vessels for collecting hydrogen and oxygen.