RU2756194C1 - Method for safely following emergency service vehicle to place of call in smoke conditions and car for implementing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: emergency vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to emergency services vehicles and can be used for timely and safe delivery of emergency services personnel to the place of call under smoke conditions on the route, for example, during peat fires. A method for safely following an emergency service vehicle to the place of call under conditions of smoke, which provides for the use of light and sound signals to indicate oneself on the road in difficult weather conditions and at night. According to the invention, the driver controls the movement using a thermal imager, and the cabin maintains excess air pressure from the transported cylinders and controls a remotely controlled air intake break valve and a flap located between the volume of the cabin and the engine compartment and is turn off/closed from the cabin, with the possibility of supplying the engine unit with air from the cabin. The vehicle for the implementation of the method, contains a chassis, a cab with a driver’s seat and traffic controls, seats for the crew, target equipment, an engine compartment with an engine and an air intake, headlights, devices for supplying light and sound signals. The car is equipped with a thermal imager with a screen installed in front of the driver with the possibility of providing a view, and a cylinder with compressed air and a device for its adjustable supply, and the air intake is equipped with a remotely adjustable shut-off valve, and the volume of the cab and the engine compartment are connected by an adjustable flap with the possibility of supplying the engine unit with air from the cab.

EFFECT: increase in the efficiency of the arrival of an emergency service car to the place of call while minimizing the risk of an accident and worsened well-being of the crew in the presence of smoke on the route and excluding sparks from entering the air intake.

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Description

The invention relates to vehicles of emergency services (fire trucks, ambulances and police vehicles) and can be used for the timely and safe delivery of emergency personnel to the place of call in a smoky area along the route, for example, during peat fires.

Known methods of movement of fire trucks by driving along the road network of the area from fire stations to the place of call [1]. The same applies to mobile ambulance teams [2] and the police [3].

As a prototype, a method for the safe movement of special vehicles can be adopted in accordance with Art. 326 of the Order [4], providing that "in difficult weather conditions and at night, it is allowed to use a light signal to indicate oneself on the road ...". However, the use of a light signal in the presence of smoke along the route (for example, during peat fires) does not exclude the occurrence of an unacceptable delay in arrival, incl. due to an accident, and deterioration of the well-being of the crew due to poisoning by combustion products. This is fraught with the risk of disrupting the task of the emergency vehicle and it and the crew.

There are known vehicles (cars) of emergency services [5-8]. The most typical is the fire-fighting vehicle [9], taken as a prototype. It contains a chassis, a cabin (salon) with a driver's seat and traffic controls, places for the crew, target equipment (a pump with a hose reel, a supply of fire extinguishing agents, fire-fighting equipment and rescue equipment, communication equipment), an engine compartment with an engine , headlights, devices for giving light and sound signals.

The disadvantage of such vehicles is the difficulty of movement in conditions of smoke along the route (for example, due to peat fires), which leads to a delay in arrival, the risk of an accident and a deterioration in the well-being of the crew. In addition, in case of peat and forest fires, there is a risk of falling into a burnout with fatal consequences for the car and its crew.

The technical result, when using the invention, is to increase the speed of arrival of the emergency vehicle to the place of call while minimizing the risk of an accident, deteriorating the well-being of the crew in the presence of smoke along the route and avoiding sparks entering the air intake.

To do this, the car is equipped with a thermal imager with a screen for the driver, and in the cabin (cabin) or outside it there are compressed air cylinders with a device for its adjustable supply by the driver or a crew member to create excess pressure (back up) of air in the cabin (cabin) to prevent penetration there smoke. The air intake is equipped with a filter (mesh) to exclude sparks. The air intake can also be equipped with a remotely adjustable shut-off valve, and the cab and engine compartment volumes can be communicated through a flap that can be opened / closed from the cab.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the figure, where: 1 - the driver's workplace in the cab (salon) with movement controls (steering wheel, gas, brake and clutch pedals, gear lever, etc.), 2 - engine with a power transmission system to the chassis, 3 - an air intake with a filter (mesh) to prevent sparks and a shut-off valve, 4 - headlights, 5 - screen (monitor) of the thermal imager 6, 7 - a device for supplying light and sound signals, 8 - a cylinder with compressed air and a device 9 (reducer, valve , pressure gauge) for its regulated supply, 10 - a damper for access / shut-off of air from the cab to the engine compartment with the engine 2. The car is equipped with seats for the crew, and in some cases for the transported people - not crew members. The car may contain the necessary equipment (fire-fighting equipment, medical aid, special equipment), as well as spare cylinder (s) with compressed air.

In the initial position, the emergency vehicle is either in the garage (depot), or outside it, or is on patrol. The fuel tank is filled, the cylinder 8 contains compressed air, the device 9 is closed, the thermal imager 6 and the device 7 for supplying light and sound signals are turned off, the damper 10 is closed, air flows to the engine 2 through the air intake 3 (its valve is open). Headlights 4 are turned off when the car is in the garage; when patrolling, they are turned on.

When an order (command) to exit is received, the crew is placed in the cab (salon), the driver is at work 1. When moving from the garage (depot), the driver starts the engine 2, turns on the headlights 4 and device 7, and starts moving along the route to the place of call. The cab (saloon) doors are closed when driving.

If on the route there are areas with strong smoke, for example, from peat or forest fires, then the driver (or a crew member) through device 9 supplies the cabin (cabin) with air from cylinder 8, creating excessive pressure that prevents outside smoke from entering the cabin (cabin ). The driver turns on the thermal imager 6 and moves, observing the situation in front of the car through the screen (monitor) 5. At the same time, the driver can see obstacles, oncoming or passing vehicles and people, as well as hidden burnouts along the way, from the image on the screen 5. take actions to avoid dangerous situations. If necessary, the driver closes the air intake 3 (fully or partially) and opens the damper 10, providing the propulsion system 2 with clean air from the cab (salon).

Upon arrival at the place of call, the crew gets out of the car and takes the required actions, if necessary, having previously put on protective equipment for the respiratory and vision organs. The chief of the crew informs the dispatcher by communication about the arrival and the situation at the place of the call.

Upon completion of actions at the call site, the chief of the crew reports the results to the dispatcher via communication. If necessary, the cylinder 8 is replaced. The driver moves to the base in the reverse order.

When applying the invention, the risk of road accidents and deterioration of the well-being of the crew when driving in a smoky area is reduced. The invention is applicable to both wheeled vehicles and emergency vehicles, tracked or otherwise (augers, hovercraft).

Sources of information

1. Federal Law of 22.07.2008 No. 123 "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" FZ-123 (as amended).

2. Rules for organizing the activities of a mobile medical team. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of March 27, 2019 No. 164n.

3. "Law on the Police" dated 07.02.2011 No. 3-FZ.

4. Rules for labor protection in the divisions of the Federal Fire Service of the State Fire Service. Order of the Minister of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation of December 23, 2014, No. 1100n.

5. GOST R 50574-2019 Automobiles, buses and motorcycles of operational services. Color schemes, identification marks, inscriptions, special light and sound signals. General requirements.

6. A.I. Presnov et al. Fire trucks: A textbook for a fire truck driver. SPb .: SPbU State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, State Administration for Civil Defense and Emergencies SPb, 2007. - 507 p.

7. GOST R 52567-2006 Ambulance vehicles. Technical requirements and test methods.

8. Magazine "Police Cars of the World". House of DeAgostini, 2013-2016, 80 issues. https://yandex.ru/images/search?text=police% 20 cars% 20 of the world% 20log & 1r = 2

9. Fire and rescue vehicle https://stavto.ru/catalog/spetsialnaya-pozhamaya-tekhnika/aps-2-5-40-100-4-400-kamaz-43253/

Claims (4)

1. A method of safely following an emergency vehicle to the place of call in smoke conditions, which provides for the use of light and sound signals in difficult weather conditions and at night to indicate oneself on the road, characterized in that the driver controls the movement using a thermal imager, and in the cab the overpressure of air from the transported cylinders is maintained and the remotely controlled air intake shut-off valve and the damper located between the cabin volume and the engine compartment and detachable / closed from the cabin are controlled, with the possibility of supplying the propulsion system with air from the cabin. 2. A car for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising a chassis, a cab with a driver's seat and traffic controls, places for a crew, target equipment, an engine compartment with an engine and an air intake, headlights, a device for supplying light and sound signals, characterized in that the car is equipped with a thermal imager with a screen installed in front of the driver with the ability to provide a view, and a compressed air cylinder and a device for its regulated supply, and the air intake is equipped with a remotely adjustable shut-off valve, and the volume of the cabin and the engine compartment are interconnected by an adjustable damper with the possibility of supplying the propulsion system air from the cockpit. 3. A vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the compressed air cylinder (s) is (are) located in the vehicle cabin with the possibility of controlling the device for the controlled supply of compressed air by the driver or crew member. 4. The car according to claim 2, characterized in that the air intake (s) of the car is equipped with a filter to exclude the ingress of sparks.

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