RU2754137C1 - Explosive apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: explosives.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to detonating apparatuses triggered on impact of a predetermined mechanical force, can be used in developing a design of a mechanical detonating fuze and in detonation circuits of automatic explosive equipment. The explosive apparatus consists of a body 1 in form of a sleeve with a detonator and a primer detonator located therein. The detonator is installed at the bottom of the sleeve. The primer detonator made in form of a metal dividing element in form of a cap with an initiator of a secondary explosive substance (explosive) is located on the detonator. The initiator is attached in the cap by a fixing element. The detonator is made in form of output and transfer charges coupled with the primer detonator. The transfer charge of the detonator is made of a secondary explosive. The output charge is made of a secondary explosive. The height of the initiator along the axis is determined by the ratio: hi≥ 2Hcr, wherein Hcris the critical thickness of the initiator layer of a secondary explosive. The cap is made of steel. The fixing element is made of foil.EFFECT: invention allows improving operational characteristics of the explosive apparatus, namely, reduce the actuation power, increasing safety during manufacture and operation by eliminating the use of highly sensitive initiating explosives, increasing the output power of the explosive apparatus with small dimensions.3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to detonating devices that are triggered when exposed to a given mechanical force, which do not contain initiating explosives (explosives) and can be used in the development of a mechanical fuse design and in detonation circuits of explosive automation.

A device called "Impact detonator" is known, patent RU No. 2516600, 02/27/2014, IPC F42C 19/10, containing a housing, a firing pin, a product of a high explosive, a cup. The impact detonator is equipped with a cylindrical sleeve located in the body with a through hole in the center of the bottom and with a conical expansion in the upper part, inside which the firing pin is located. The striker is made with the lower part in the form of a truncated cone. The shock detonator is provided with a housing cover.

The disadvantages of the device include:

- unreliability of the detonator operation, due to the fact that the detonation pulse enters through the small opening of the large-diameter channel, a stall occurs, which turns into low-speed combustion, in the short channel does not turn into high-speed combustion, and then into the detonation of the explosive, therefore, a small pressure has time to push cup and throw some of the explosive from the channel, which leads to detonator failure,

- low-tech design, requires a special tool, difficult to manufacture.

Also known is a detonating device for a mechanical fuse, patent RU No. 2233428, 07/27/2004, IPC F42C 19/10, which contains a striker, a deformable element, a detonator cap, an axial channel, a transfer charge, a detonator, a staggered striker, installed freely and fixed on the surface of the deformable element by a nut screwed onto the body and having a partition with a hole, the diameter of which is equal to the smaller diameter of the stepped cylindrical striker. The transfer charge and the detonator checker are made as a separate assembly containing an aluminum cap with a weighed amount of blasting explosive powder pressed into it.

The disadvantages of the device include:

- assembly of the device is associated with increased danger;

- insufficient reliability of operation at a specified value of the minimum mechanical impact energy.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the detonating device of a mechanical fuse, taken as a prototype described in patent RU No. 2302607, 10.07.2007, IPC F42C 19/10. The explosive device contains a case in the form of a sleeve with a detonator cap located in it, made in the form of a metal separating element with an initiator from a secondary explosive located on the detonator.

The disadvantages of the device include:

- significant activation energy;

- the use of polarized piezoelectric ceramics, which are subject to aging, as a result of which the actuation energy increases;

- significant mass and geometrical dimensions;

- finding the detonating device in a firing position, that is, insufficient protection against accidental external mechanical influences.

The object of the invention is to create an effective safe explosive device with improved operational characteristics.

The technical result of this invention is to improve the safety of the device by rejecting the use of highly sensitive initiating explosives, reducing the area of the explosive loaded by a striker in the lower part in the form of a truncated cone, using explosives with a significantly shorter combustion-to-detonation transition section.

This is achieved by the fact that in an explosive device containing a body in the form of a sleeve with a detonator and a blasting cap located in it, the detonator is installed on the bottom of the sleeve, and the blasting cap is made in the form of a metal separating element in the form of a cap with an initiator from a secondary explosive, is located on the detonator, according to the invention, the initiator is fixed in the cap with a fixing element, the detonator is made in the form of output and transfer charges coupled with a detonator cap, while the transfer charge of the detonator is made of a secondary explosive, and the output charge from a secondary explosive is high density, while the height of the initiator along the axis is determined from the ratio:

h _and ≥ 2H _cr ,

where H _cr is the critical thickness of the secondary explosive initiator layer.

In addition, the cap is made of steel.

In addition, in order to protect against external influences of the initiator, the fixing element is made of foil.

The analysis of the state of the art carried out by the applicant, including a search for patent and scientific and technical sources of information and the identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, made it possible to establish that the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by features identical to all essential features of the claimed invention, but the definition from the list identified analogs of the prototype, as the closest analogue in terms of the totality of features, made it possible to identify a set of significant in relation to the technical result perceived by the applicant of the distinctive features in the claimed object set forth in the claims. Consequently, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "novelty" under the current legislation.

To check the compliance of the claimed invention with the condition of the inventive step, the applicant conducted an additional search for known solutions in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the prototype of the claimed invention, the results of which show that the claimed invention does not follow explicitly for a specialist from the prior art.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where

- frame;

- dividing element;

- initiator;

- fixing element;

- transfer charge;

- output charge.

The explosive device consists of a housing 1, made in the form of a sleeve, with a detonator cap located in it, made in the form of a metal separating element 2 in the form of a cap, with an initiator 3 from a secondary explosive installed in it, fixed by a fixing element 4 made of foil, and located on a detonator mounted on the bottom of the sleeve 1 and consisting of an output charge 6 of a secondary high-density explosive and a transfer charge 5 located between the output charge 6 and the separating element 2.

The explosive device works as follows.

As a result of the mechanical action of the striker (not shown in the figure), the initiator 3 from the secondary explosive is destroyed, leading to its initiation. The initiator serves to transfer the initiating shock-wave pulse through the separating element 2 to the transfer charge 5. Then the detonation wave formed in the transfer charge 5 is transferred to the output charge 6 from the high-density explosives.

An example of a specific implementation can be an explosive device, in the housing 1, made in the form of a metal sleeve, a separating element 2 is installed, made in the form of a steel cap with an initiator 3 from a secondary explosive (for example, diperchlorate (5-nitrotetrazolato) cobalt (III) pentaamine). The detonator consists of a transfer charge 5 made of secondary explosives (for example, cobalt (III) diperchlorate (5-nitrotetrazolato) pentaamine) and an output charge 6 made of high-density secondary explosives (for example, HMX). The height of the initiator 3 from the secondary explosive (for example, cobalt (III) pentaamine (5-nitrotetrazolato) dipchlorate) is determined by the formula:

The value 2 in the formula for determining the height of the initiator was selected as a result of the experiments. The optimal height h _and initiator 3, at which the operation of the explosive device is ensured, with the kinetic energy of the falling weight of at least 0.25 J, is equal to 2 mm.

The use of this invention will improve the operational characteristics of the explosive device, namely, to reduce the activation energy, to increase the safety during manufacture and use (operation) due to the rejection of the use of highly sensitive initiating explosives, to increase the output power (initiating ability) of the explosive device with small dimensions.

For the claimed invention in the form as it is described in the claims, the possibility of its implementation using the above-described design solutions and the ability to ensure the achievement of the specified technical result are confirmed. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Claims (5)

1. An explosive device containing a body in the form of a sleeve with a detonator and a detonator cap located in it, while the detonator is installed on the bottom of the sleeve, and the detonator cap, made in the form of a metal separating element in the form of a cap with an initiator made of a secondary explosive, is located on the detonator, characterized in that the initiator is fixed in the cap with a fixing element, the detonator is made in the form of output and transfer charges coupled with a detonator cap, while the transfer charge of the detonator is made of a secondary explosive, and the output charge is made of a secondary high-density explosive , while the height of the initiator along the axis is determined from the ratio: h _and ≥2Н _cr , where H _cr is the critical thickness of the secondary explosive initiator layer. 2. Explosive device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cap is made of steel. 3. Explosive device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing element is made of foil.

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