RU2753749C1 - Device for mounting and orientation of detectors - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: recording devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of technology related to mounting and precise installation of recording devices relatively to objects under study, as well as for determining spatial coordinates of a recording device in a certain conditional coordinate space that is "tied" to something, for example, to a room plan, axes of buildings and structures, to a topographic plan of a terrain, etc. The installation of the recording device can also be carried out according to known (pre-calculated) coordinates. The operation of the proposed device occurs under the influence of negative dynamic loads that cause vibrations of the recording device. The structure of the proposed device allows one to orient the recording device with high accuracy relatively to the object under study, and it is made in such a way that significantly reduces vibrations of the recording device.

EFFECT: technical result is obtaining accurate data from recording devices with a minimum random error.

2 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of technology related to the fastening and precise installation of recording devices, in particular scintillation detectors (hereinafter referred to as detectors (a)) in relation to the objects under study with the simultaneous determination of the spatial coordinates of the detectors, followed by the operation of the detectors fixed on the proposed device, in conditions of exposure to vibration.

The closest device to the claimed invention in terms of the combination of features is a Rotary support device for antenna orientation (RF patent No. 2327264 dated November 7, 2006) [1], which includes a support support and fixed mechanisms for orienting the antenna in azimuth and elevation, on a support support a plate is installed with the help of couplers with the possibility of rotation relative to the support post, longitudinal movement along it and fixation, and the mechanisms for orienting the antenna in azimuth and elevation are combined and made in the form of a frame hingedly connected to each other, equipped with antenna fastening elements, and a board fixed to the plate with the possibility of rotation in the plane parallel to the plate, and kinematically interconnected with each other and the plate by rigid rods with adjusting nuts.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using a known device, taken as a prototype, include the fact that in the known device, when using it, it is not possible to change the position of the detectors along the horizontal plane, there is no possibility of precise adjustment (adjustment) of the position of the detectors along the Z axis in vertical plane, there are no vibration damping elements.

The essence of the invention lies in the creation of a device that provides reliable fastening and accurate orientation of the detectors in relation to the object under study, the determination of the spatial coordinates of the detectors, as well as reducing the vibration of the detectors.

The technical result in solving this problem is to obtain accurate data from detectors with a minimum random error.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the proposed device for mounting and orientation of detectors, which includes a support post, elevation orientation mechanisms, adjustment mechanisms, fastening, fixation and adjustment elements, angular scales, it is new that the support post is mounted on the bearing block, and on the support post itself, a rotary-fixing unit is mounted, consisting of two bushings fastened with metal strips with a screw connection, rigidly fixed to the bushings by one fork of the "ear-fork" type connection, fixed to these forks of the screw adjusters, fixed to these forks of the vertical axis, in addition, three plate elements are fixed to the bushings, which are covered by two clamping bands, the bands themselves are fixed at one end on the vertical axis, and at the other end, through fingers, are articulated with eccentric cams, which with their centers of rotation are mounted on the vertical axis , into eccentric jaw shanks the end ends of the screw adjusters abut, while the profile of the working surfaces of the eccentric cams in the plan is the outer boundary of the logarithmic spiral with the growth coefficient | q |> 1, the swivel-fixing unit itself rests on an adjusting hollow screw, the support nut of which is fixed on support stand, the forks of the swivel-fixing unit by means of an ear-fork connection are fastened to the lugs fixed on the telescopic boom and the telescopic rod, the telescopic boom and the telescopic rod form a cantilever unit, by articulating at an acute angle with an ear-fork connection, and the lug of this connection is fastened to the shock absorber rod, which is fixed at the end of the telescopic rod telescopic section and is made with variable rigidity depending on the set length of the telescopic boom, an adjustment unit is fixed to the telescopic boom retractable section, consisting of three elements that a correction unit rigidly connected the detector mounting panel, a linear scale of the boom length is applied to the retractable section of the telescopic boom, a linear scale of the vertical coordinate Z axis and a horizontal linear correction scale of the center of coordinates are mounted outside the device, the forks of all ear-plug connections are collapsible, and they are equipped with gap expansion joints.

When studying the distinctive features of the described device, no similar known solutions have been identified regarding devices for mounting the detector (s) and intended:

- for accurate orientation of the detectors in relation to the objects under study;

- to determine the spatial coordinates of the detectors;

- to reduce the vibration of the detectors.

The applicant's analysis of the prior art, including a search for patent and scientific and technical sources of information, and the identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, made it possible to establish that the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by features identical to all essential features of the claimed invention.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the "novelty" condition.

To check the compliance of the claimed invention with the condition "inventive step", the applicant conducted an additional search for known solutions in order to identify features that coincide with the distinctive features of the prototypes of the claimed invention. The search results showed that the claimed invention does not follow explicitly for a specialist from the prior art, since the prior art determined by the applicant has not revealed the influence of the transformations envisaged by the essential features of the claimed invention to achieve a technical result. In particular, the claimed invention does not provide for the following transformations:

- the addition of a known means with any known part, attached to it according to known rules, in order to achieve a technical result in relation to which the influence of just such an addition has been established;

- replacement of any part of a known means with another known part in order to achieve a technical result in relation to which the influence of just such a replacement has been established;

- an increase in the number of action elements of the same type, in order to enhance the technical result, due to the presence of just such action elements in the tool;

- the implementation of a known means or part of a known material to achieve a technical result due to the known properties of this material;

- the creation of a tool, consisting of known parts, the choice of which and the connection between which are carried out on the basis of known rules, recommendations, and the technical result achieved in this case is due only to the known properties of the parts of this tool and the connections between them.

The described invention is not based on a change in a quantitative feature, the presentation of such features in a relationship, or a change in its type.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition "inventive step".

List of figures.

The drawings show

1) An example of implementation of the invention.

2) Design of the device for mounting and orientation of the detectors.

3) The device of the rotary-fixing unit.

4) The principle of fixing the rotary-fixing unit.

5) The device is a collapsible fork. *

6) Shock absorber device.

7) The principle of determining the position of the point M.

8) Calculation block for determining the coordinates of point M.

9) Calculation block for determining the readings of the scales.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention with obtaining the above technical result is as follows.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The device for mounting and orientation of the detectors is installed in a certain room, while the room and the proposed device are "placed" in a conventional local interconnected rectangular and cylindrical coordinate space. The origin of coordinates O is "tied" to some point in the room (snapping can be carried out to any points convenient for further calculation). The current coordinates of the conventional point M are determined in the coordinate space. The device has angular and linear scales. The position of point M in the conventional local coordinate space is determined (calculated) on the azimuth scale (1), on the elevation scale (2), on the linear boom reach (3) and on the installation scale along the Z axis (4). On the correction scale (5), the center of coordinates is transferred in the directions indicated by the arrows. The point M itself is rigidly connected with the position of the detector (6), therefore the current coordinates of the detector are rigidly connected with the current coordinates of the point M (1 detector is shown in Fig. 1). The arrows show the directions of rotation of the detector (6) in the vertical and horizontal planes. The coordinate spaces shown in FIG. 1, according to well-known algorithms [2] can be "tied" to other coordinate spaces, for example, to the coordinate axes of a building or structure. The principle of determining coordinates is presented in more detail in the section "Operation of the device".

The fastening of the proposed device, as shown in FIG. 1 is not the only installation option. The device for mounting and orientation of detectors can be attached to the wall, to the internal columns of the room, can be mounted on a rod fixed between the floor and the ceiling, can be installed on a movable chassis, etc. Information about the detector (6) is not given in this description, because she does not reveal the essence of the invention.

FIG. 2 shows the design of the device for mounting and orienting the detectors. The device consists of the following components.

A carrier block having two lugs (7) rigidly fixed on the heels (8) and a guide (9) fixed to the lugs (7) with a screw connection (10). The purpose of the bearing block is to fasten the entire structure to any base (wall, column, etc.).

A support leg, consisting of a vertical support (11) rigidly attached to a bushing (12) equipped with clamps (13), an adjusting hollow screw (14), a support nut (15), to which a holding handle (16) and rollers (17 ), which abut against the guide (18) (the guide (18) is attached to some kind of base, for example, to a wall). The support nut (15) is rigidly connected to the vertical support (11). A pivot-fixing unit, described below, is mounted on the support post, and with the help of the support post, the vertical position of the support (11) is corrected and the position of the center of coordinates on the horizontal plane is corrected in the directions indicated in Fig. 1.

Swivel-fixing unit, consisting of two bushings (19), screwed together by metal strips (20), rigidly fixed to the ends of the bushings (19), three plate elements (21), two collapsible forks (22) rigidly fixed to the bushings (19) and fixing parts fixed to these forks (the structure of which will be shown below in Fig. 3). The pivot assembly is supported by a hollow screw (14). The rotary-fixing unit is used for installation along the azimuthal angle with subsequent fixation.

A cantilever assembly consisting of a telescopic boom (23), a telescopic boom (24), articulated at an acute angle with a telescopic boom (23) by means of an ear-fork connection (25). A fastening adapter (27) is rigidly fixed to the end of the extending section (26) of the boom (23). The telescopic boom (23) has a mechanism for adjusting the boom reach (28), located inside the boom and is structurally made on the basis of a kinematic pair consisting of two bevel gears, and the telescopic bar (24) is equipped with a worm gear (29) that regulates the length of the telescopic bar and thereby adjusting the position of the telescopic boom (23) in elevation (the arrangement of the mechanisms (28) and (29) in this description is not given and they do not pretend to be an "inventive step"). Position (30) denotes position latches along the length (reach) of the boom and boom. The connection of the cantilever unit with the rotary-locking unit is carried out through the lugs (31) rigidly fixed to the telescopic boom and the telescopic rod by means of an “ear-fork” connection. A shock absorber (33) is attached to the extendable section (32) of the telescopic rod (24). The purpose of the console node is to adjust the position of the detector (6) along the horizontal plane and in elevation.

A correction unit consisting of rotary elements (34), (35), (36) and a panel for attaching detectors (37) attached to the element (36). The fixing of the correction unit to the boom (23) is carried out through the adapter (27). With the help of the correction unit, the final installation of the detector in the desired spatial position is carried out.

FIG. 3 shows the device of the rotary-fixing unit. Screw adjusters (38) are rigidly fixed to the lateral sides of the forks (22), and between the forks (22) there is a vertical axis (39) on which the eccentric clamping jaws (40) (hereinafter referred to as “cams”) are fixed with the ability to rotate on the axis (39). The end ends of the screw adjusters (38) abut against the cam shanks (40). On the outer side of the plate elements (21), tapes (41) are mounted, which are fixed at one end on the axis (39), and at the other end, through the fingers (42), are articulated with the cams (40). The belts (41) and cams (40) are kept from "sliding" downward when the bushings (19) are turned around the vertical support (11) (see Fig. 2) due to the slight tension of the belt (41). The design feature of the clamping jaws is the profile of their working surfaces in plan, which is the outer boundary of the logarithmic spiral with a growth factor q> 1 - right spiral and q <1 - left spiral (the calculation and construction of spirals was carried out according to the algorithms given in [2]) , the modules q are equal. The right spiral is for the upper cam, the left spiral is for the lower cam. The use of cams with this profile makes it possible not only to securely fix the unit in any position, but also to damp vibrations when a lateral (horizontal) force is applied to the telescopic boom. An explanation of the principle of fixing the pivot-fixing unit is illustrated in FIG. 4. To form the drawing, FIG. 4 in FIG. 3 shows the cutting plane A.

FIG. 4 schematically shows the principle of locking the pivot-locking unit and an example of the "operation" of the upper cam (40). Also in FIG. 4 shows the principle of forming a cam profile when machining a workpiece according to a template. In the initial position, the cams (40) are pressed against the plate element (21) with their working surface, with a relatively low force. When fixing the assembly, rotate the screw adjuster (38) (see Fig. 3), which with its end end abuts against the cam shank (40), while the cam (40) turns to the left and deforms the plate element (21) and simultaneously pulls the tape ( 41), and the tape (41) by tension presses the remaining elements (21) against the vertical support (11) (see Fig. 2) and thus the pivot-fixing unit is kept from turning around the support (11). To rotate the telescopic boom (23) to the desired angle (or the desired position), the screw adjuster (38) weaken the force on the cams (40), this weakens the belt tension (41) and reduces the deformation of the elements (21), which leads to a decrease in the pressing force them to the vertical support (11). When acting on the telescopic boom (23) (see additional Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) in the position of fixing the pivot-fixing unit of some parasitic force, for example, with a lateral push on the right, the action is transmitted through the fork (22) and the screw adjuster ( 38) on the cam (40), which turns even more to the left and thereby further deforms the plate element (21) and additionally increases the tension of the belt (41), which, in turn, increases the pressing force of the remaining elements (21) to the vertical support (11) and due to this, the pivot-locking unit is kept from turning around the vertical support (11). The force with which the plate elements (21) are pressed against the support (11) depends on the tension of the belt (41), and the tension of the belt (41), in turn, depends on the magnitude of the applied parasitic force. After the end of the parasitic force, the action on the cam (40) is terminated, and the created tension on the belt (41) returns the cam (40) to the locked position. This dampens vibrations of the boom (23) in the horizontal plane. The lower cam (40), under the described action, remains in the locked position. If the impact occurs on the left, the lower cam (40) "works" in the same way.

FIG. 5 shows the design of a collapsible fork (22). The split fork consists of two cheeks (43) and (44), which are bolted together (45). The lug (31) is fastened to the collapsible fork (22) with a pin (46), fixed against axial displacement by an eccentric spring ring (47). Belleville springs (48) are installed on the inner ends of the lug (31). Additionally, the lug (31) is pressed by the compensator (49), which consists of a roller (50) with two opposite tapered tracks, a flat curved spring (51) and a fork holder (52). To fix the expansion joint (49), a groove (53) is made in the cheek (43). To fit the roller (50), chamfers (54) are made at the lug (31). A feature of the design of the collapsible fork (22), in addition to the Belleville springs (48), which compensate for the gaps between the eyelet (31) and the inner sides of the cheeks (43) and (44), is the use of a compensator (49), which allows the eyelet (31) to rotate in a given range constantly "press" the lug (31) to the pin (46), which allows you to more accurately adjust the telescopic boom (23) (see Fig. 1, 2) in elevation.

FIG. 6 shows the structure of the shock absorber (33) (view without the housing). The "ear-fork" connection (25) is fastened to the end of the rod (55) on which the ball element (56) is rigidly fixed, the rod can be displaced along its longitudinal axis in the directions indicated by the arrows, while the amount of movement is limited by the walls (57) and rings (58) fixed to the rod (55). Flat straight bending springs (59) are pressed against the ball element (56), the ends of the springs (59) are fixed in a holder (60), which has the shape of a ring and is fixed to the wall (57). On the holder (60), a spring rate regulator (59) is mounted, consisting of the following parts and connections: a stop (61), which is made in the form of a sleeve with an internal tapered hole and is held on the guide (62) with the possibility of free movement along it without distortions; the travel length regulator (63), which moves the stop (61) along the springs (59) along the guide (62) (the regulator (63) itself is a kinematic pair of the "screw-nut" type); a pair of worms (64); a flat spiral spring (65), one end of which is fixed on the shaft (66), and the other on the wall (57); spools (67) with a supply of nylon cord (68), the free end of which is fixed to the retractable section (26) of the boom (23). The shock absorber is made with variable stiffness. The purpose of the shock absorber (33) is to damp the oscillations of the detector (s) (6) in the vertical plane. The principle of operation of the shock absorber will be presented in the section "Operation of the device"

Device operation. FIG. 7 schematically shows the principle of determining the position of a point M in space, which explains the procedure for determining the spatial coordinates of the detectors using the device. Cylindrical coordinates and associated rectangular coordinates are selected as the coordinate space. It is known from theory that the position of a point M in space can be determined by its applicate Mz = OK and its polar coordinates r = OQ, ϕ = ∠XOQ of its projection Q onto the XOY plane [2]. The quantities r, ϕ, z are the cylindrical or semi-polar coordinates of the point of interest M. The rectangular and cylindrical coordinates of the point M, when the origin O coincides with the pole and the OX axis with the polar axis, are related by the relations [2]:

where ϕ is the azimuthal angle (ϕ = ∠XOQ); r is the length of the projection of the boom (segment Z _w M) onto the XOY plane, while the applicates in both systems are the same. Based on the requirements for installing the detector at a certain point in space relative to the object under study, the boom (23) of the proposed device can be rotated in a vertical plane, therefore, the elevation angle α is additionally introduced into the calculations by which the boom (23) rotates about the Z axis (see Fig. 1 and 2). The rotation of the boom by the elevation angle a allows, when adjusting, to reduce the movements along the Z axis and to use the vertical support (11) of smaller dimensions.

(в мм); положение начала стрелы Z_ш (в мм) в вертикальной плоскости на оси Z; и угловыми шкалами, по которым определяют поворот стрелы по углу места α (в градусах) и поворот стрелы по азимуту ϕ (в градусах). Данные для расчета получают путем визуального снятия показаний с линейных и угловых шкал, координатами детектора при этом являются координаты связанной точки М. Координаты рассчитываются следующим образом. Координата Mz по оси Z рассчитывается как сумма или разность значений отметки Z_ш и проекции стрелы b=К Z_ш на ось Z:The detector (6) is fixed to the device in the immediate vicinity of point M on the panel (37) (see additional Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), which is mechanically connected to the boom (23), while the device is equipped with linear scales, according to which define: boom length

(in mm); the position of the beginning of the boom Z _w (in mm) in the vertical plane on the Z axis; and angular scales, which determine the rotation of the boom in elevation α (in degrees) and the rotation of the boom in azimuth ϕ (in degrees). The data for the calculation is obtained by visually taking readings from linear and angular scales, the coordinates of the detector being the coordinates of the associated point M. The coordinates are calculated as follows. The Mz coordinate along the Z axis is calculated as the sum or difference of the values of the mark Z _w and the projection of the boom b = K Z _w on the Z axis:

where b is defined as:

- длина стрелы, мм. Для удобства настройки шкала угла места разбита на два одинаковых диапазона - «0-90°», поэтому длина проекции стрелы b на ось Z и длина проекции стрелы на плоскость XOY определяется через угол (90°-α). Координаты по осям X и Y определяются как произведения длины проекции стрелы r на плоскость XOY на синус и косинус азимутального угла ϕ по формуле 1, где:where α is the elevation angle, degrees;

- boom length, mm. For ease of adjustment, the elevation scale is divided into two identical ranges - "0-90 °", so the length of the projection of the boom b onto the Z axis and the length of the projection of the boom onto the XOY plane is determined through the angle (90 ° -α). Coordinates along the X and Y axes are determined as the product of the length of the projection of the boom r on the XOY plane by the sine and cosine of the azimuthal angle ϕ according to formula 1, where:

телескопической стрелы (23) (фиг. 2) с фиксацией элементами (30). При необходимости, стрелу (23) поднимают путем изменения длины телескопической штанги (24) с помощью секции (32), которую двигают червяным механизмом (29) и тем самым, стрелу (23) устанавливают по углу места а с фиксацией элементами (30). Для более точной установки длины телескопической стрелы (23) применяют механизм подстройки (28), при этом элементы (30) немного «ослабляют», а после завершения подстройки опять переводят их в положение фиксации. Для подстройки положения детектора по вертикали применяют полый винт (14) (фиг. 2), для этого «ослабляют» регуляторы (38). Элементами (34), (35) и (36) (фиг. 2) корректируют окончательное положение детектора. Элементом (34) производится корректировка путем поворота в плоскости перпендикулярной телескопической стреле (23), элементом (35) производится корректировка по азимуту, а элементом (36) по углу места. На шкалах элементов (35) и (36) нанесены соответственно поправочные значения для азимутальной шкалы и шкалы угла места. В зависимости от положения элементов (35) и (36) окончательные значения углов для дальнейшего расчета получают путем прибавления или вычитания поправочных значений, при этом диапазон поправочных значений составляет несколько градусов. Сами шкалы на элементах (35) и (36) из-за малых размеров на фигурах не приводятся. После установки детектора в нужном положении фиксируются показания линейных и угловых шкал, а затем производится расчет координат. Во втором варианте настройки детектор устанавливается в нужных координатах (в заранее определенных). Здесь все операции по настройке и регулировке такие же, как при определении координат, только настройка производится по шкалам.The device performs two configuration options (all configuration operations are performed “manually”). In the first variant, during adjustment, the coordinates of the detector (s) are additionally determined. The detector (6) is installed at some distance from the object of investigation or the area of interest of this object. To do this, the detector is set in azimuth by turning the rotary-locking unit, for which the screw adjusters (38) are "loosened" (Fig. 3), the rotary-locking unit is turned in the desired direction by the required angle (p, then the cams are turned by the adjustments (38) (40) and thereby fix the pivot-locking unit on the support (11). Then, using the section (26), set the required length

telescopic boom (23) (Fig. 2) with fixation by elements (30). If necessary, the boom (23) is raised by changing the length of the telescopic rod (24) using the section (32), which is moved by the worm mechanism (29) and thus the boom (23) is set at the elevation angle a with fixation by elements (30). For a more accurate setting of the length of the telescopic boom (23), an adjustment mechanism (28) is used, while the elements (30) are slightly "weakened", and after the adjustment is completed, they are again transferred to the locked position. To adjust the vertical position of the detector, a hollow screw (14) (Fig. 2) is used; for this, the regulators (38) are “loosened”. Elements (34), (35) and (36) (Fig. 2) correct the final position of the detector. Element (34) makes corrections by turning in a plane perpendicular to the telescopic boom (23), element (35) makes corrections in azimuth, and element (36) in elevation. On the scales of the elements (35) and (36), respectively, the correction values for the azimuth scale and the elevation scale are marked. Depending on the position of the elements (35) and (36), the final values of the angles for further calculation are obtained by adding or subtracting correction values, while the range of correction values is several degrees. The scales themselves on the elements (35) and (36) are not shown in the figures due to their small size. After installing the detector in the desired position, the readings of the linear and angular scales are recorded, and then the coordinates are calculated. In the second setting, the detector is installed in the desired coordinates (in the predefined ones). Here, all the operations for setting and adjusting are the same as when determining the coordinates, only the setting is made according to the scales.

FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 shows the calculation blocks made in the Mathcad program and intended for calculating the coordinates of the point M (for the detector) and setting data for the device scales on a PC. The blocks are developed on the basis of mathematical algorithms for determining the position of a point of interest in space in cylindrical and related rectangular coordinates [2]. FIG. 8 shows a computational block for determining the coordinates of point M. The computational block is equipped with a component with which the condition for the position of the boom relative to its horizontal is selected and two subroutines for implementing the choice of this condition, the results of which are the determination of the coordinate Mz and the projection length r of the telescopic boom (23) on the XOY plane. The initial data from the scales are written into a text file (with the ".prn" extension) associated with the computational block file. When you open a file with a computational block in the Mathcad program, the coordinates are automatically calculated, which are written to another text file with the ".prn" extension, as a result of the computation. FIG. 9 shows a computational block for determining the setting data of the device scales according to known (given) coordinates. In this computational block, the "inverse" problem is solved, while the block is equipped with a subroutine that calculates the condition for determining the length of the projection of the telescopic boom on the Z axis, taking into account the current value on this scale. The process of recording the initial data and obtaining the result is similar to how it is implemented in the calculation block for determining coordinates.

During operation, the detectors experience vibrations, which are transmitted to them through the device for mounting and orienting the detectors, for example, from technical means that move the objects of study to the detector (or past it). In this case, vibration negatively affects the accuracy of the data generated by the detectors. The detectors experience the greatest vibrations in the vertical plane. If we separately consider the boom (23) with the fixed detector (6) (see additional Figs. 1 and 2), then according to the theory [3] it is permissible to represent it as a system with one degree of freedom in the form of a beam with a pinched end (pinching intentionally simulated at the junction of the boom (23) with the sleeve (19) of the rotary-locking unit), at the other end of which a weight (detector) is fixed. The amplitude of oscillations of the load (detector) caused by a periodic disturbing load in such a system will depend on the size of the load, the length of the beam and the magnitude of the disturbing force, and the time of damping of oscillations and the decrease in the amplitude of oscillations will depend on the magnitude of the forces of resistance to oscillations [3]. During the operation of the device, depending on the required position of the detector (6), the boom (23) can change its length, and the amplitude of the oscillations will also change (more boom outreach - more amplitude, less boom outreach - less amplitude). So that for any boom (23), the damping time was the same, variable values of the forces of resistance to vibrations are needed. To create variable resistance forces to vibrations, a shock absorber (33) is used in the design of the proposed device, and depending on the length of the boom (23), the shock absorber (33) also changes the resistance force (more length - more resistance force, less length - less resistance force), that is, the shock absorber changes its stiffness.

The operation of the shock absorber is based on the fact that when the rod (55) moves, the damping force (resistance force) is the sum of the pressure force of the springs (59) on the ball element (56) and the sliding friction force between the ball element and the surface of the springs at the point of contact. Moreover, with such an arrangement of the contacting elements (ball element and springs), the sliding friction force will be proportional to the pressure force [4], with an increase in the pressure force, the resistance force increases, with a decrease in the pressure force, the resistance force decreases. It is known from the literature containing design and normative material that under the action of a transverse pressure force, the stiffness of a straight spring (59) can be variable if in the process of deformation it successively touches several stops, which will correspond to a change in its working length [5]. In the proposed design of the shock absorber, the inner surface of the conical hole of the stop (61) is used as stops. Moving the stop (61) to the extreme left position (see Fig. 6) will correspond to the maximum reach of the boom (23) (see Figs. 1 and 2), and the movements of the rod (55) with the element (56) will experience maximum resistance, since the stiffness of the springs (59) in this position will have the highest values. At the smallest outreach of the boom (23), the stop (61) will be set to the extreme right position, and the stiffness of the springs (59) will be the smallest. The stop (61) is moved as follows. When the section (26) of the boom (23) is extended, the cord (68) is imparted a translational movement, which leads to the rotation of the spool (67), and that through the shaft (66) and the worm gear (64) transfers the rotation to the regulator (63), which, in In turn, the rotary movement turns into a translational movement to the left of the stop (61), when the coil (67) rotates, the spring (65) is additionally twisted. When shortening the boom (23), the rotary movement of the worm pair (64) is imparted by the spring (65), which was previously twisted, and to which the opposing moment was imparted. Further, as with the extension of the boom (23), the rotary movement through the regulator (63) turns into a translational movement to the right of the stop (61). The use of a shock absorber (33) with variable resistance to the movement of the rod (55) allows, for any size of the boom (23), to damp vibrations in almost the same time intervals, and this, in turn, makes it possible to filter out interference components received from the detectors with a high degree of reliability. data.

Thus, the above information indicates the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when used in the claimed invention:

• means embodying the claimed invention in its implementation, expands the existing arsenal of devices designed for accurate orientation of the recording devices in relation to the objects under study;

• for the claimed invention in the form as it is characterized in the independent clause of the stated formula, the possibility of its implementation is confirmed with the help of the description of the design and principle of operation given in the application;

• the means embodying the claimed invention during its implementation is capable of ensuring the achievement of the technical result perceived by the applicant, namely: obtaining accurate data with a minimum error. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Sources of information

1. Zlotenko Aleksey Vladimirovich, Antipiev Aleksandr Ivanovich, Golovenkin Evgeny Nikolaevich, Korablev Aleksandr Vasilievich, Testoedov Nikolay Alekseevich, Antenna rotary support device, RF patent for invention №2327264 dated 07.11.2006, IPC H01Q 3/08.

2. Vygodsky M. Ya. Handbook of Higher Mathematics. - M: "Science"., 1973, 872 pages with ill.

3. Darkov A.V., Shpiro G.S. Strength of materials. - M: "High school"., 1965, 762 p. from Fig.

4. Artobolevsky I.I. Theory of mechanisms and machines: Textbook. for technical colleges. - 4th ed., Rev. and add. - M .: Science. Ch. ed. Phys.-mat. lit., 1988 .-- 640 p.

5. Zapletokhin V.A. Design of parts of mechanical devices: Handbook. - L .: Mechanical engineering. Leningrad. department, 1990. - 669 p .: ill.

Claims (2)

1. A device for mounting and orientation of detectors, including a support post, elevation orientation mechanisms, adjustment mechanisms, fastening, fixation and adjustment elements, angular scales, characterized in that the support post is mounted on a supporting block, and on the support post itself is mounted rotatably - fixing assembly, consisting of two bushings, fastened with metal strips with a screw connection, rigidly fixed to the bushings by one fork of the "ear-fork" type, fixed to these forks of screw adjusters, fixed to these forks of the vertical axis, in addition, three are fixed to the bushings of plate elements, which are covered by two clamping bands, the bands themselves are fixed at one end on the vertical axis, and at the other end through the fingers are articulated with the eccentric cams, which are set on the vertical axis with their centers of rotation, the end ends of the screw adjusters abut against the shanks of the eccentric cams, when this profile of the working surfaces of the cams-e xcentrics in plan represents the outer boundary of a logarithmic spiral with a growth coefficient | q |> 1, the pivot-fixing unit itself rests on an adjusting hollow screw, the support nut of which is fixed on the support stand, the forks of the pivot-fixing unit by means of an ear-fork connection fastened to the lugs fixed on the telescopic boom and the telescopic rod, the telescopic boom and the telescopic rod form a cantilever unit, by articulating at an acute angle with an "ear-fork" connection, and the lug of this connection is fastened to the shock absorber rod, which is attached to the end of the telescopic section of the telescopic rod and is made with variable rigidity, depending on the installed length of the telescopic boom, to the retractable section of the telescopic boom, an adjustment unit is fixed, consisting of three elements rotatable in different planes, a detector mounting panel is rigidly connected to the adjustment unit, on the retractable section of the telescopic boom, a linear scale of the boom length is applied, a linear scale of the coordinate vertical axis Z and a horizontal linear correction scale of the center of coordinates are mounted outside the device. 2. A device for mounting and orienting detectors according to claim 1, characterized in that the plugs of all ear-plug connections are collapsible, and gap compensators are mounted in them.

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