RU2753294C1 - Guided artillery projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to guided artillery projectiles with a transceiver apparatus placed in the tail section of the projectile and covered from the impact of the propellant charge gases by a baseplate released on the path. Disclosed is a guided artillery projectile containing a body covering stabilisers and a transceiver, a baseplate and a piston separated by powder gases. A cylindrical lowering is made on the rear part of the projectile, whereon the piston is installed forming a running fit abutting against the axes of the stabilisers, wherein one or several stiffening elements are made on the outer surface of the piston from the side of the baseplate, displaced relative to the longitudinal axis of the projectile and symmetrical relative to the plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the projectile. The piston is made in form of a cylinder with a flat bottom, whereon radial ribs are formed. The ribs narrow in height in the direction from the bottom of the piston towards the apex of the rib. Each stiffening element is made in form of a boss crossing the rib.

EFFECT: invention protects the transceiver apparatus both from shock impact and from the impact of combustion products of the propellant charge during the entire period of impact of the transient processes behind the face of the muzzle of the weapon during firing; also, the reliability of the guided artillery projectile is increased when launched from the barrel of the weapon, the probability of fail-safe operation of the article is increased during operation in a wide temperature range from -50°C to +60°C.

12 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to guided artillery projectiles with a transceiver device located in the tail of the projectile and closed from the effects of propellant charge gases by a pallet dropped on the trajectory.

Known guided artillery projectile (patent FR No. 2665763 dated 02.14.1992, IPC. F42B 10/38), containing a housing, a transceiver device and a detachable pallet, which is used to protect the elements of the projectile from the effects of propellant gases propellant charge. The separation of the pallet occurs due to the effect of gases generated when the projectile is fired from the barrel, after which the projectile transceiver opens, which ensures the passage of commands to the projectile board from the control source.

The disadvantage of this design is that when the projectile is operated in a wide temperature range from -50 ° C to + 60 ° C at the peaks of the range, there is a wide spread of impulse characteristics of pyrotechnic elements, this can lead to a delay or premature descent of the pallet, which will damage the transceiver projectile. There is also a possibility of failure of pyrotechnic elements, which will lead to non-descent of the pallet and failure of the product. The disadvantages can also be attributed to the high smoke during the combustion of pyrotechnic elements and propellant charge in the area of the optical transceiver device.

Known guided artillery shell (patent RU No. 2096733 from 20.11.1997, IPC F42B 14/06) taken by us as a prototype. This projectile contains a housing that covers the stabilizers and a transceiver device, a pan and a piston separated by powder gases.

The disadvantages of the above-described design include a piston rigidly connected to the pallet by means of a spring tie. When the projectile leaves the barrel and the pallet is dropped, the powder gases and unburned powder particles can damage the optical component of the transceiver device, which ultimately will either lead to the product falling in the near zone or to the appearance of a false command in the product control loop and falling in the far zone.

A common disadvantage of the presented technical solutions is the high probability of failure of the optical component of the projectile control loop in the near launch zone.

The problem to be solved by the alleged invention is to protect the projectile's transceiver from combustion products, including from unburned particles of the propellant charge, after the pallet descends, as well as increasing the probability of failure-free operation of the projectile control loop at different ambient temperatures.

The task is solved by a guided artillery projectile, containing a body covering the stabilizers and a transceiver device, as well as a pan and a piston separated by powder gases, where the new thing is that a cylindrical lowering is made on the aft part of the projectile, on which, with the formation of a running landing with an emphasis in the axis stabilizers, a piston is installed, while one or more stiffeners are made on the outer surface of the piston from the side of the pallet, displaced relative to the longitudinal axis of the projectile and symmetric with respect to the plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the projectile.

The variant design of this solution with one stiffener is typical for the design with a spherical bottom piston, which is used in high ballistic guns, which are characterized by significant pressure in the projectile space. Thanks to this design, the appearance in the area of the stiffness element of stresses commensurate with the yield point of the material when the projectile moves along the barrel bore is excluded, and thereby the appearance of an overturning moment when the projectile exits the gun barrel due to a sharp drop in pressure in the projectile space is ensured.

The variant design of this solution with several stiffeners is typical for the flat-bottom piston design, which is used in low ballistics weapons, which are characterized by low gas pressure in the projectile space. Due to this design, the deformation in the area of the stiffener remains within the elastic properties of the material to create a tilting moment with a sharp drop in pressure in the projectile space when the projectile exits the gun barrel.

In one embodiment, the piston is made in the form of a cylinder with a flat bottom, on which radial ribs are formed, tapering in height in the direction from the bottom of the piston to its top, and each stiffener is made in the form of a boss crossing the rib. The lugs are located in at least two adjacent ribs. In the case of placing the bosses on one edge, uneven deformation of the piston bottom occurs in the area of intersection of the stiffener with the bottom, which leads to the formation of a stress concentration zone, and this, in turn, leads to the destruction of the piston. In special cases, the bosses are cylindrical.

In other versions, the piston is made in the form of a thin-walled cylindrical shell, conjugated by radii with a spherical bottom, and stiffeners are placed in the interface of the thin-walled cylindrical shell with a spherical bottom. In this case, the conjugation of the cylindrical part with the spherical bottom is carried out due to a special method of the piston manufacturing technology (stamping), and the main requirement for this interface is the implementation of the cross-section of the conjugation point of constant thickness throughout the piston. Each stiffener is made in the form of a recess directed to the stern part of the projectile. The deepening is made in the plan in the form of a trapezoid.

It is typical for both options that the area of the stiffener is 0.03 ... 0.065 of the piston area. In the case of a stiffener with an area of less than 0.03 of the piston area, the elastic properties of the material from which they are made will not be sufficient to create a tilting moment, and in the case of a stiffener with an area of more than 0.065 of the piston area, stress concentration zones may form in the region of the stiffener, which, in turn, will lead to the formation of cracks and leakage of gases, and, as a consequence, the destruction of the optical component of the projectile control system, which will ultimately lead to loss of control.

In addition, the stiffeners are made at a distance of 0.5 ... 0.7 of the piston diameter from its axis. If the stiffeners are made at a distance from its axis less than 0.5 of the piston diameter, then the value of the eccentricity of the piston will be insufficient for the formation of an overturning moment, which will increase the time the piston remains in the projectile control field and the loss of projectile control if the stiffeners are located at a distance from its axis is greater than 0.7 of the piston diameter, the amount of overturning moment will be excessive, which will lead to sticking of the piston to the stern and loss of projectile control.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by graphic materials, where in Fig. 1 shows a general view of a guided artillery projectile, FIG. 2 is an enlarged section of a guided artillery projectile, FIG. 3 - a piston with a flat bottom, Fig. 4 - a piston in the form of a thin-walled shell conjugate with a radius with a spherical bottom.

1 - guided artillery shell;

2 - case;

3 - transceiver;

4 - pallet;

5 - piston;

6 - aft part of the projectile;

7 - cylindrical lowering;

8 - running landing;

9 - stabilizer axes;

10 - stiffening element;

11 - the axis of the projectile.

The guided artillery projectile 1 contains a housing 2, which accommodates a transceiver 3, a pallet 4 with a piston 5. The aft part of the projectile 6 has a cylindrical lowering 7 with a running landing 8. The piston 5 is installed with an emphasis in the axis of the stabilizer 9. Stiffeners 10 of the piston 5 , are displaced relative to the axis of the projectile 11.

The dimensions and location of the running landing 8 are selected from the condition of providing free space between the optical component of the transceiver 3 and the piston 5, which excludes the transfer of impact energy when fired to the transceiver. The size of the cylindrical lowering 7 compensates for the deformation of the piston when pressure is accumulated in the space between the piston 5 from the side of the stiffeners and the bottom of the pallet 4, which prevents the piston 5 from jamming by the cylindrical generatrix on the aft part 6, which ultimately provides the piston 5 with free translational movement. The area and shape of the stiffeners 10, as well as the magnitude of their displacement relative to the axis of the projectile 11 are selected from the condition of ensuring the force and the shoulder to create the overturning moment necessary to impart a translational rotational motion to the piston 5 with a sharp release of pressure and the descent of the pallet 4 after the projectile leaves the cut of the gun barrel ...

The guided artillery shell works as follows. When firing and moving a controlled artillery projectile 1 along the bore, the space between the piston 5 and the pallet 4 is filled with the combustion products of the propellant charge. The shape of the piston 5 and the stiffening elements 10 located on it, as well as the presence of a cylindrical lowering 7 and a running fit 8, are guaranteed to isolate the housing 2 with the transceiver device 3 from contact with the piston 5 and the transfer of energy from shock effects. As a result, the probability of failure-free operation of the guided artillery projectile increases. After the exit of the controlled artillery projectile 1 from the barrel, a sharp drop in pressure occurs behind the projectile, after which the pallet 4 is separated from the body 2, as a result of which there is a voltage drop on the piston 5, as a result of which the reaction forces and the shoulder formed by the stiffeners 10 create an overturning moment due to whereby the piston acquires a translational-rotational movement in the opposite direction to the movement and perpendicular to the axis of the projectile, thereby leaving the control field of the complex.

The above-described design protects the transceiver device from both shock and propellant combustion products during the entire period of exposure to transient processes behind the muzzle of the gun when fired. Also, the reliability of the guided artillery projectile is increased when launched from the gun barrel. Thanks to the described technical solution, the indicator of the probability of failure-free operation of the product increases when the product is operated in a wide temperature range from -50 ° C to + 60 ° C, and also allows the use of various brands of propellants used in the propellant charge.

Claims (12)

1. A guided artillery projectile containing a body covering the stabilizers and a transceiver device, a pallet and a piston separated by powder gases, characterized in that a cylindrical lowering is made on the aft part of the projectile, on which a piston is installed with In this case, one or more stiffeners are made on the outer surface of the piston from the pallet side, displaced relative to the longitudinal axis of the projectile and symmetric with respect to the plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the projectile. 2. A guided artillery projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston is made in the form of a cylinder with a flat bottom, on which radial ribs are formed. 3. A guided artillery projectile according to claim 2, characterized in that the ribs taper in height in the direction from the bottom of the piston to its apex. 4. A guided artillery shell according to any one of paragraphs. 2, 3, characterized in that each stiffener is made in the form of a lug that crosses the rib. 5. A guided artillery shell according to any one of paragraphs. 2-4, characterized in that the lugs are located on at least two adjacent ribs. 6. A guided artillery shell according to any one of paragraphs. 2-5, characterized in that the bosses are cylindrical. 7. A guided artillery projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston is made in the form of a thin-walled cylindrical shell conjugated along the circumference with a spherical bottom. 8. A guided artillery projectile according to claim 7, characterized in that stiffeners are placed in the junction zone of the thin-walled cylindrical shell with the spherical bottom. 9. A guided artillery projectile according to claim 8, characterized in that each stiffening element is made in the form of a recess directed towards the aft part of the projectile. 10. The guided artillery projectile according to claim 9, characterized in that the recess is made in the plan in the form of a trapezoid. 11. Guided artillery shell according to any one of paragraphs. 4, 8, 9, characterized in that the area of the stiffener is 0.03-0.065 of the piston area. 12. Guided artillery shell according to any one of paragraphs. 4, 8, characterized in that the stiffener is made at a distance of 0.5-0.7 of the piston diameter from its axis.

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