RU2752464C1 - Method for forming three-dimensional lattice structure made of plastic strips - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction and can be used to strengthen slopes, bridge cones, inclined bases of highways, industrial and construction sites, as well as coastlines and water channels. The method for forming a three-dimensional lattice structure made of plastic strips is characterized by the fact that strips are cut out of sheet material, on which periodically repeating slots are formed. When cutting sheet material into strips, the cutting line is performed in the form of a periodically repeating trapezoidal cutout. Next, the longitudinal and transverse walls are formed by superimposing strips on each other. The trapezoidal cutouts of the lower strip form holes for beams and pipes with the trapezoidal cutouts of the upper strip. The longitudinal walls are displaced relative to the transverse walls by an amount equal to half the height of the strip, and fixed with slots.EFFECT: improved quality of filling individual cells of the geogrid with fluid compositions and reduction of production waste when forming holes in the geogrid body.10 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used to strengthen slopes, cones of bridges, inclined foundations of highways, industrial and construction sites, as well as coastlines, water courses, etc. [E02D 17/20, E01C 3/04].

From the prior art, a BILLET FOR A CELLULAR VOLUME NON-WELDED SEAMLESS GEOGRAPHY is known [RU 26645561, publ. 08.21.2018], which is made of a polymer tape of a given thickness t, equipped with cuts located in rows R1, R2 ... Rn with offset cut lines. The above workpiece is characterized by making cuts in the form of a triangular tooth, having lateral and forming sides, or a combination of triangular teeth, which are a toothed sawtooth profile, with the angle of the triangular tooth at its base γ in the range from 20 to 175 ° with the ratio of the length of the cut of the toothed sawtooth profile, constituting the length of the generatrix of the side of the triangular tooth or the total length of the generatrixes of the sides of the toothed sawtooth profile, to the thickness of the tape t equal to 1: (100-600). The number of triangular teeth in the cut of the serrated sawtooth profile is from 1 to 40, and the displacement of the cut lines is characterized by the ratio of the lengths of the cut lines equal to 1: (0.3-0.9).

The disadvantages of the analog are:

- this solution does not provide waste-free production of polymer tape, due to the large range of variation in the angle of triangular teeth from 20 to 175 °, thus, when forming a ribbon from a rectangular blank, a large amount of waste is generated from the outer side of the cut of triangular teeth, due to the mismatch of the angles of the teeth from the inside of the cut and the outside of the cut;

- this solution has low functionality, due to the presence of a seamless structure, which does not allow the formation of a geogrid of arbitrary geometric dimensions at the stage of its installation and internal filling;

- this solution has low functionality due to the fact that the distance between the walls of the polymer tape is a fixed value and at the stage of laying, there is no possibility of forming cells of various geometric sizes, which reduces the convenience of internal filling of the geogrid at the stage of installation.

Also known from the prior art is a NEW GEORETTE [CN 206887925 (U), publ. 01/16/2018], including a connecting piece, which was formed with a large number of grid sections and many connecting pieces, evenly distributed, equipped with a grid section between two adjacent connecting pieces, and also one end of the grid section was fixed in one connecting piece, the other end - in another connecting piece. This technical scheme provides convenient transportation and assembly on site in accordance with the topography of the area. With the mesh section and the connecting piece, the end of each mesh section can be connected through the connecting piece and the connecting seam does not require welding.

The disadvantages of this analogue are:

- this solution does not provide for the formation of cavities in the structure of the geogrid, thus, during its installation, there is no possibility of laying drain pipes, hoses, beams, etc. inside the walls of the lattice, which significantly reduces the functionality of the product.

- this solution has low usability, due to the inability to change the position of the grid sections after its assembly, if the initial structure of the grid assembly turned out to be ineffective for specific terrain conditions.

The closest in technical essence is the YAMAL GEORETTE [RU 91578, publ. 02/20/2010], which refers to the field of construction on unstable soils and winter crust, as well as in crop production. The purpose of the utility model is to simplify the design, unify and variety the shapes of the geogrid cells, and eliminate the need to drive in rods one by one to hold the shapes of the geogrid cells. This goal is achieved by using ribbons with transverse slots (such as hair combs) to form the cells of the geogrid. The essence of the utility model is that the proposed device does not require precision and factory conditions in the manufacture of the Yamal geogrid.

The main technical problems of the prototype are:

- low quality of filling with fluid compositions of individual cells of the geogrid, due to the fact that when the transverse and longitudinal walls of the geogrid are formed using identical tapes with transverse slots, a gap will be formed relative to the plane on which the geogrid is formed. The formation of gaps between the perpendicularly fastened elements of the geogrid is explained by the fact that the design of the prototype does not provide for the presence of displacement in the vertical plane between the transverse and longitudinal elements of the geogrid during their assembly. The presence of gaps between the elements of the geogrid and the plane on which they are located contributes to the occurrence of leaks into adjacent cells of the geogrids, which leads to a decrease in the performance characteristics of the product when filling the cells of the geogrid with fluid compositions, when only individual cells of the geogrid are to be filled.

- a large amount of industrial waste during the formation of holes in the geogrid casing, due to the fact that the prototype design does not imply the presence of pre-prepared holes in the casing of the geogrid cells. To form them, it is required to mechanically remove parts of the body with a specialized tool. In this case, the remote parts of the body are industrial waste, and if a large number of pipes or beams are planned to be laid through the geogrid body, the amount of industrial waste becomes significant. The resulting industrial waste requires processing or transportation to landfills, which greatly increases costs if a large number of pipes or beams are required to be laid inside the geogrid.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of filling with fluid compositions of individual cells of the geogrid and to reduce production waste during the formation of holes in the body of the geogrid.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the method of forming a volumetric lattice structure from plastic strips, characterized by the fact that strips are cut out of the sheet material, on which periodically repeated cuts are formed, then longitudinal and transverse walls are formed by overlapping strips, then longitudinal and the transverse walls are fixed with cuts, characterized in that a cutting line is made on the sheet material in the form of a periodically repeating trapezoidal cut, strips are cut along the cutting line, then longitudinal and transverse walls are formed, while the trapezoidal cuts of the lower strip are formed with the trapezoidal cuts of the upper strip of the hole for beams and pipes, then the longitudinal walls are displaced relative to the transverse walls by an amount equal to half the height of the strip and fixed with slots.

In particular, the sheeting is made of plastic.

In particular, the sheet material is made from carbon fiber reinforced plastic.

In particular, the sheet material is made from a composite material.

In particular, the thickness of the sheet material is initially set to 4 mm.

In particular, the height of the strip is made equal to the diameter of the pipe or beam, which will be installed in the hole for the beams and pipes.

In particular, the width of the slits is made equal to the thickness of the plastic strip.

In particular, the depth of the cuts is made equal to a quarter of the width of the strip.

In particular, the number of strips in the longitudinal and transverse wall is selected in such a way that their number corresponds to the required wall height.

In particular, to fill the volumetric lattice structure of strips with a fluid composition of a certain volume, the longitudinal and transverse walls are moved vertically and horizontally and fixed in the required place with slots.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a top view of the longitudinal and transverse walls of a volumetric lattice structure made of plastic strips.

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the longitudinal and transverse walls of a volumetric lattice structure made of plastic strips.

FIG. 3 shows a general view of the strips for a three-dimensional lattice structure.

The drawings indicate: 1 - longitudinal post, 2 - transverse post, 3 - strip, 4 - hole, 5 - cutout, 6 - cut.

Implementation of the invention

The volumetric lattice structure of plastic strips consists of longitudinal 1 and transverse walls 2, forming a closed volume. Each wall is formed by a plurality of strips 3 made of plastic and arranged one above the other in several rows. Strip 3 can be made of plastic, composite, carbon fiber and other similar materials. In this case, the strips 3 of the longitudinal walls 1 are displaced relative to the strips 3 of the transverse walls 2 by an amount equal to half the height of the strip. The strips 3 of the longitudinal 1 and transverse 2 walls are made with the possibility of forming holes 4 for beams and pipes, due to the presence of trapezoidal cutouts 5 in the structure of the walls. Also on each wall there are slots 6 with a width equal to the thickness of the plastic strip to a depth of a quarter of the strip width, made with the possibility of attaching the longitudinal 1 and transverse 2 strips 3 of the walls to each other.

The method of forming a three-dimensional lattice structure from plastic strips is characterized by the fact that initially a plastic sheet with a thickness of 4 mm is formed, which is a template. The use of plastic provides a high level of waterproofing and thermal insulation of the formed product, because plastic does not allow liquid to pass through, and its thermal conductivity is less than water, soil and concrete. Next, a cutting line is made, which is a periodically repeating trapezoidal cut 5. Next, plastic strips 3 are cut out according to the resulting template, while the height of the strip is chosen equal to the diameter of the pipe, which can be installed in a hole in the structure being created. At the same time, the specified strip shape ensures waste-free cutting of the material. Further, between the periodically repeating trapezoidal cuts 5, cuts 6 are formed with a width equal to the thickness of the plastic strip to a depth of a quarter of the strip width 3. Thus, two strips 3 are obtained from the plastic sheet, while due to the presence of periodically repeating trapezoidal cuts 5, one strip 3 is on the cut side serrated, the other strip 3, on the outside is even and smooth.

Additionally, if necessary, an insulating strip is made, which is characterized by the fact that there are no trapezoidal cuts 5, but there are cuts 6 with a width equal to the thickness of the plastic strip to a depth of a quarter of the strip width.

When assembling a volumetric lattice structure from plastic strips 3, longitudinal 1 and transverse 2 walls of the structure are formed. Each wall is formed by superimposing strips 3 on top of each other so that the trapezoidal notches 5 of the lower strip 3 form with the trapezoidal notches 5 of the upper strip 3 holes 4 for beams and pipes. In this case, the number of strips 3 in the wall is selected in such a way that their number corresponds to the required wall height. When assembling the structure, the levels of the edges of the strips of the longitudinal 1 and transverse 2 walls are set so that the strips 3 of the longitudinal wall 1 are displaced relative to the strips 3 of the transverse wall 2 by an amount equal to half the height of the strip 3. The strips 3 of the longitudinal wall 1 and strips 3 of the transverse wall 2 are fixed due to the presence of cuts 6. If there is no need for holes for beams and pipes, instead of strips, 3 insulated strips are used.

To fill the volumetric lattice structure of plastic strips with a liquid of a certain volume, the longitudinal 1 and transverse 2 walls are moved vertically and horizontally and fixed in the required place with slots 6, which allows filling the entire required volume from one point. Thus, the proposed solution performs the function of a shape-retaining and shaping framework for a fluid composition before the transition to a solid state, i.e. works like a formwork.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of filling individual cells of the geogrid with fluid compositions due to the fact that when assembling the structure, the levels of the edges of the strips of the longitudinal 1 and transverse 2 walls are set so that the strips 3 of the longitudinal wall 1 are displaced relative to the strips 3 of the transverse wall 2 by an amount equal to half the height of the strip 3. Thus, the gap between the elements of the geogrid and the plane on which they are located is overlapped. The absence of a gap makes it possible to increase the efficiency of filling individual cells with fluid compositions, preventing the possibility of the fluid composition getting into adjacent elements of the geogrid.

The technical result of the invention is the reduction of production waste during the formation of holes in the geogrid body is achieved due to the fact that a plastic sheet is formed, then a cutting line is made, which is a periodically repeating trapezoidal cut 5. According to the template obtained, plastic strips are cut 3. Thus, from the plastic sheet receive two strips 3. Each wall of the geogrid is formed by superimposing strips 3 on top of each other so that the trapezoidal notches 5 of the lower strip 3 form with the trapezoidal notches 5 of the upper strip 3 holes 4 for beams and pipes. At the same time, the specified shape of the strip 3 ensures waste-free cutting of the material during the formation of holes in the geogrid body. Due to the presence of waste-free cutting, additional work is not required for the mechanical removal of parts of the body of the strips 3 for the formation of holes, and additional organizational measures are not required for the removal, storage or processing of industrial waste generated during the formation of holes mechanically, which leads to a significant reduction in costs when creating a geogrid with many holes for pipes or beams.

Claims (10)

1. A method of forming a volumetric lattice structure from plastic strips, characterized in that strips are cut out of the sheet material, on which periodic cuts are formed, then longitudinal and transverse walls are formed by overlapping strips, then the longitudinal and transverse walls are fixed with cuts, which is different the fact that a cutting line is made on the sheet material in the form of a periodically repeating trapezoidal cut, strips are cut along the cutting line, then longitudinal and transverse walls are formed, while the trapezoidal cuts of the lower strip are formed with the trapezoidal cuts of the upper strip, holes for beams and pipes, then the longitudinal walls shifted relative to the transverse walls by an amount equal to half the height of the strip, and fixed with slots. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet material is made of plastic. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet material is made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic. 4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet material is made of a composite material. 5. The method according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, characterized in that initially the thickness of the sheet material is set at 4 mm. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the strip is made equal to the diameter of the pipe or beam, which will be installed in the hole for the beams and pipes. 7. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the slits is equal to the thickness of the plastic strip. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the cuts is made equal to a quarter of the strip width. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of strips in the longitudinal and transverse walls is selected in such a way that their number corresponds to the required height of the wall. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that to fill the volumetric lattice structure of strips with a fluid composition of a certain volume, the longitudinal and transverse walls are moved vertically and horizontally and fixed in the required place with cuts.

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