RU2752002C2 - Apparatus for monitoring technical condition of overhead transmission lines (ohtl), condition of ohtl protected area and module for monitoring technical condition of ohtl and protected area thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus is comprised of modules installed on the power transmission line between two supports. Sensors are located within the body of the module: a wire temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, an acceleration sensor, environmental weather sensors including at least one temperature sensor and at least one humidity sensor. The sensors are connected with a microprocessor connected with a transceiver for communication with the server. The apparatus has client software (SW) installed on the microprocessor of the module and server SW. The client SW is configured to inquire each sensor of the module, transfer the received data to the server, inquire the nearest modules to identify available modules in the chain to transmit the indications of the malfunctioning module to the server via other available modules.

EFFECT: technical result is increased informational value of the apparatus and safety of operation through prevention of accidents and emergencies due to provided uninterrupted transmission of indications in case of unavailability of one of the modules.

23 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to remote control (monitoring) of electric power facilities and is intended to obtain data on the state of wires and the security zone of power transmission lines, preprocess the received data and transmit it to the information collection point of the power system.

The monitoring results can be used to assess the condition of the wires and the security zone of the power transmission line, early detection of factors affecting the safety of the line operation and the timely adoption of the necessary measures to ensure the reliable and safe operation of the line.

A device for remote monitoring of the state of a wire and a security zone of an overhead power line is known from the prior art, comprising a housing provided with means of attachment to a power line wire, and a power supply unit, a data processing unit and a wire condition monitoring unit connected to it, a fireman control unit located in the housing the state of the security zone and the unit for wireless data transmission to the remote terminal of the power system dispatcher, while the control unit for the fire state of the security zone is equipped with an atmosphere smoke sensor and a sensor for the content of combustion products in the atmosphere (RU 112534 U1, 10.01.2012).

The disadvantage of this device is the low reliability of operation of power lines, the possibility of emergencies and emergencies, since if one of the devices with a narrow monitoring spectrum and installed in the spans of power lines and their sensors is unavailable, the monitoring of power lines is disrupted.

A device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage power lines (PTL) is known, containing at least one acceleration sensor installed on each phase of the power transmission line between two supports, which is assigned its own address, which determines its coordinates and the location of the transmission line span, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, associated with the inputs of the microprocessor, in which, on the basis of signals from these sensors, information is generated indicating the address of the transmission line span about the beginning of snow adhesion or ice formation on the power line wires, about the amplitudes of wire swinging or wire breakage, while the microprocessor output is connected to a transceiver intended for communication with a dispatching console, and the electronic circuits of the device are powered by a power supply made in the form of a magnetic circuit installed on a high-voltage power transmission line, which serves as the primary winding of the transformer, which is equipped with a secondary winding of the transformer that supplies power not on the electronic circuits of the device (RU 2574063 C2, 10.06.2012).

The disadvantage of this known device is the limited monitoring factors used to assess the state of the transmission line, violation of monitoring when monitoring sensors are unavailable, which affects the safe and trouble-free operation and ultimately reduces the reliability of operation of the transmission line.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to increase the information content of the device (and module) and operational reliability, i.e. long-term performance of its working functions of power transmission lines due to the possibility of preventing emergency and emergency situations, ensuring uninterrupted transmission of readings when one of the modules is unavailable. All this will also reduce the cost of maintaining and operating power lines.

The specified technical result is achieved in a device for monitoring the technical condition of power lines (LEP), containing installed on the power lines associated with the server modules, each of which is installed between two supports and contains a housing located in its cavity and connected to the inputs of the microprocessor, at least , one acceleration sensor for monitoring the state of the wires, sensors of environmental weather conditions, including at least one temperature sensor and at least one humidity sensor, the microprocessor is configured to generate on the basis of signals from the sensors indicating the address of the information module, at least about the beginning of snow adhesion or ice formation on power transmission lines, about the amplitudes of wire swinging or wire breakage, while the output of the microprocessor is connected to a transceiver intended for communication with the server, and the electronic circuits of the module are powered by a power supply, each of the modules is additional It additionally contains a wire temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor connected to the microprocessor input, and the device has client software installed in the microprocessor of the module, and server software, the client software is capable of polling each sensor of the module, transmitting the received data to the server, polling the nearest modules to identify available modules in the chain for transmitting the readings of a failed module to the server through other available modules.

In addition, the module contains a smoke detector connected to the microprocessor.

In addition, the module contains a sound sensor connected to the microprocessor.

In addition, the module contains a current load sensor connected to the microprocessor.

In addition, the module contains an air pollution sensor connected to the microprocessor.

In addition, the module contains a radiation sensor connected to the microprocessor.

In addition, the module contains a navigation unit connected to the microprocessor for determining the real geographical position of the module.

In addition, the determination of the real geographical position of the module is carried out in the GLONASS system.

In addition, the determination of the real geographic position of the module is carried out in the GPS system.

In addition, it contains a block for transmitting the SOS signal.

In addition, the power supply unit of the electronic circuits of the module is made in the form of a magnetic circuit made with the possibility of installation on the power line wire, which serves as the primary winding of the transformer, which is equipped with the secondary winding of the transformer, which supplies power to the electronic circuits of the device.

The specified technical result is also achieved in a module for monitoring the technical condition of a power line wire (PTL), containing a housing made with the possibility of installing on a power line wire with at least one acceleration sensor located in its cavity and connected to the microprocessor inputs and connected to the microprocessor inputs for monitoring the state of the wires , sensors of weather conditions of the environment, including at least one temperature sensor and at least one humidity sensor, the microprocessor is configured to generate, based on signals from said sensors, information indicating the address of the transmission line flight about the beginning of snow adhesion or ice formation on the wires of power lines, on the amplitudes of wire swinging or wire breakage, while the output of the microprocessor is designed to be connected to a transceiver intended for communication with the server, and the electronic circuits of the device are powered by a power supply, the module additionally contains connected with a microprocessor input, a wire temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, the microprocessor has client software capable of polling each sensor of the module and transmitting the received data to the server and polling the nearest modules to identify available modules in the chain for transmitting the readings of the failed module to the server via other available modules.

In addition, the housing is made spherical with a central hole for placing the wire and consists of two hemispheres connected to each other, with the possibility of installing them on the power line wire one under the other, while at least part of the lower hemisphere is made perforated.

It also contains a microprocessor-coupled smoke detector.

In addition, it contains a sound sensor connected to the microprocessor.

In addition, it contains a microprocessor-linked current load sensor.

In addition, it contains an air pollution sensor associated with the microprocessor.

In addition, it contains a radiation sensor connected to the microprocessor.

In addition, it contains a navigation unit connected to the microprocessor for determining the real geographical position of the module.

In addition, the determination of the real geographical position of the module is carried out in the GLONASS system.

In addition, the determination of the real geographic position of the module is carried out in the GPS system.

In addition, the module contains a block for transmitting the SOS signal.

In addition, the power supply unit of the electronic circuits of the module is made in the form of a magnetic circuit made with the possibility of installation on the power line wire, which serves as the primary winding of the transformer, which is equipped with the secondary winding of the transformer, which supplies power to the electronic circuits of the device.

The invention is illustrated in the following drawings, where FIG. 1 shows a device for monitoring the technical condition of power lines, general view; in fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a device for monitoring the technical condition of power transmission lines; in fig. 3 - module for monitoring the technical condition of power transmission lines, general view; in fig. 4 - section of the module.

The device for monitoring the technical condition of power lines (PTL) contains installed on the power line 1 and connected to the server 2 located in the dispatch center, modules 3. Each of the modules 3 is installed between two supports 4.

Module 3 contains a housing 5, in the cavity of which the following sensors connected to the inputs of the microprocessor 6 are placed:

- 7 acceleration sensor (accelerometer) to monitor the condition of the wire;

- sensor 8 of ambient temperature;

- humidity sensor 9;

- sensor 10 of atmospheric pressure;

- wire temperature sensor 11;

- sensor 12 current load of the wire;

- smoke sensor 13;

- sound sensor 14;

- air pollution sensor 15;

- radiation sensor 16.

The module contains a block 17 connected to the microprocessor 6 for navigation to determine the real geographical position of the module, for example, in the GLONASS system and / or in the GPS system.

Module 3 contains a block 18 that allows citizens' mobile devices to wirelessly connect to transmit an SOS signal.

The output of the microprocessor 6 is connected to a transceiver 19 intended for communication with the server 2.

Microprocessor 6 is configured to generate information on the basis of signals from sensors indicating the address of module 3 (transmission line span). Microprocessor 6 generates the following information:

- about the electrical state of the system, for example, about the state of the wires;

- about weather conditions and the state of the atmosphere, in particular, about the beginning of snow adhesion or ice formation on power transmission lines;

- about the amplitudes of wire rocking or wire breakage;

- about the formation of smoke;

- on the state of air quality;

- about the radiation rate;

- about the noise level with the definition of the type of sound.

The power supply of the electronic circuits of the module 3 is carried out by the power supply unit, which is made in the form of a magnetic circuit 20 with the possibility of installation on the wire of the power transmission line 1, which serves as the primary winding of the transformer, which is equipped with a secondary winding of the transformer, which supplies power to the electronic circuits of the device of module 3.

The device has client software and server software installed in the microprocessor.

The client software is configured to interrogate each sensor of module 3, transmit the received data to server 2, poll the nearest modules 3 to identify available modules 3 in the chain for transmitting the readings of a failed module 3 to server 2 through other available modules 3.

Module 3 can be installed on at least one phase of the power line.

The case 5 of the module 3 is made spherical with a central hole for placing the wire 1, consists of two hemispheres connected to each other and installed one under the other on the power line wire - the upper hemisphere 21 and the lower perforated hemisphere 22.

Module 3 is made with the possibility of its autonomous independent operation and transmission to the server 2 of the signal of each of the sensors of module 3. The device operates as follows.

The case 5 of the module 3 is installed on the wire 1 in one of the transmission lines.

The acceleration sensor 7 (accelerometer) determines the position of the wire 1. The output signals from the acceleration sensor 7 are fed to the corresponding inputs of the microprocessor 6, where the information is processed and fed to the transceiver 19 and then through the communication channel to the server 2.

In the microprocessor 6, the signals are compared with the values preset in the program in accordance with the established algorithm. For example, if the mechanical impact on the wire does not exceed the permissible value, then the microprocessor 6 through the transceiver device (transceiver 19) transmits information about the normal amplitudes to the server. If these amplitudes are greater than the specified value, then a command is issued about overestimated amplitudes indicating the address of module 3 (transmission line span), etc. If there is a wire breakage or sagging, then the microprocessor 6 transmits information about the event to the server. When wire 1 is broken, a sharp change in the angle of inclination of wire 1 is recorded and information is also transmitted to the server.

The signals from the ambient temperature sensor 8 and the humidity sensor 9 in accordance with the values set in advance in the program and in accordance with the established algorithm also record the presence of precipitation (rain, snow, fog). If at the same time there is a sagging of the wires, then this indicates a possible adhesion of snow on the wires or their icing, which is transmitted to the server 2 of the dispatch center.

Sensor 10 detects atmospheric pressure.

By measuring the current barometric pressure, you can determine the height of the sensor (module) position above sea level. Atmospheric pressure, in addition to altitude, depends on many more factors. Therefore, measurements carried out, for example, in different weather conditions will give different results. Typically, the average pressure values determined for dry weather with variable cloudiness are used.

The pressure sensors 10 allow to determine not only the altitude, but also allow forecasting the weather. A change in pressure precedes a change in weather conditions. Accordingly, the readings of the pressure sensor, taken over a certain period of time, can be the basis for weather forecasts.

The direction of the pressure change corresponds to the weather change. Thus, a decrease in atmospheric pressure usually occurs before deteriorating weather, and an increase precedes an improvement.

If there is a lot of water vapor in the atmosphere, the pressure should be low. At the same time, a large amount of moisture, as a rule, indicates the presence of cloudiness and the possibility of precipitation. Conversely, dry air has a higher mass, which leads to an increase in pressure. The decrease in moisture in the atmosphere becomes a sign of the onset of good weather.

The signals from the atmospheric pressure sensor 10 also measure the atmospheric pressure and its deviation from the preset values in accordance with the values set in the program in advance and in accordance with the established algorithm.

The change in atmospheric pressure is a rather slow process, therefore measurements are carried out at intervals set by the operator (for example, 2-3 hours). Comparing the start and end readings at several intervals will allow you to determine if the pressure is rising or falling. Based on these data, a forecast for the next few hours is formed.

In this case, the accuracy of the forecasts is significantly increased due to the simultaneous measurements of signals from the ambient temperature sensor 8 and the humidity sensor 9.

Wireless sensors 11 are designed for contact measurement of the temperature of power lines and are one of the main elements of the monitoring system. The sensors 11 are used as an element of the monitoring system to control electrical parameters.

Sensors 11 are mounted directly on the power transmission lines.

The signals from the wire temperature sensor 11 also, in accordance with the values set in the program in advance and in accordance with the established algorithm, record the wire temperature and its deviation from the maximum permissible value, allowing, by issuing appropriate commands, to prevent their overheating, to maintain the mechanical strength of the wire for a long time. This will also avoid critical slack and wire breakage.

The diagnostic information content of the entire monitoring system is increased when various sensors are used together, in particular, a sensor for temperature, ambient humidity and atmospheric pressure.

Sensor 12 measures the current load of the wire and is also used as one of the main elements of the monitoring system to control electrical parameters.

The impact of environmental factors (temperature, rain, wind) leads to cooling of the wire, which can lead to an increase in the current load of the wire.

Overcurrent is an emergency fire-hazardous mode in which a current flows through an element of the electrical network that exceeds the rated value for which this element is designed (wire, cable, electrical protection device). As a result of this, this element of the power grid overheats and various kinds of changes occur in it.

The signals from the wire current load sensor 12 also, in accordance with the values set in the program in advance and in accordance with the established algorithm, measure the current in the wire and its deviation from the set values, making it possible to protect the wire from current overloads by issuing appropriate commands.

The smoke detector 13 reacts to changes in external factors, allowing to detect signs of an incipient fire, generating an alarm (sound, light, combined, etc.)

The signals from the smoke detector 13 also, in accordance with the pre-programmed values and in accordance with the established algorithm, detect smoke by monitoring changes in the physical parameters of the environment caused by the fire, allowing the maintenance personnel to be notified by issuing appropriate commands.

The sound sensor 14 receives a signal about the presence of extraneous noise in the protected area and the presence of, for example, a person. The signals from the sound sensor 14 also, in accordance with the preset values in the program and in accordance with the established algorithm, record sharp sound signals and by converting sound vibrations into electric current vibrations issues an appropriate command to notify the service personnel.

Checking the quality of the atmosphere is necessary in the security zone of the power transmission line both for the operation of the power transmission line and its maintenance.

Air pollution sensors 15, in accordance with their program, react to various types of pathogenic substances and harmful impurities (for example, the content of lead, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, mercury, etc.), monitoring the quality of the atmosphere in the protection zone of the power transmission line. The signals from the air pollution sensor 15 also, in accordance with the values set in the program in advance and in accordance with the established algorithm, determine the concentration of harmful impurities in the atmosphere, making it possible, by issuing appropriate commands, to notify the service personnel about the violation of the maximum permissible concentration of harmful impurities and the danger of the state of the air.

Radiation sensors 15 carry out operational monitoring of the state of the radiation situation in the security zone of the power transmission line.

In case of exceeding the radiation norm, by issuing the appropriate commands, the maintenance personnel are notified.

Measurement and data transmission from sensors occurs in accordance with the interval set by the program for a specific sensor.

The client software (SW) polls each sensor at the installation site of the module 3 and transmits the received data to the server 2. Also, the client software checks the availability of the next module 3 installed in the chain.

If the next module 3 is not available, the client software polls the nearest available modules in the chain. The transfer of information is resumed automatically, through the nearest available module 3. Thus, the transfer of readings does not stop. And information about the failed module 3 is transmitted to the server 2 to the responsible dispatcher. Server 2 receives data from all sensors of each module 3, aggregates them, and also analyzes and verifies the received data with acceptable parameters for each sensor of the module.

In the event of a deviation from the norm, the dispatcher is notified accordingly. Also, the server software allows you to visualize (for example, on the monitor of the dispatcher's screen) the state of the power transmission line and see the readings of all sensors from each module tied to the installation site in real time.

Block 17 of the module allows you to connect mobile devices of citizens by wireless communication to transmit the SOS signal. After connecting an external device to module 3, the microprocessor generates an SOS signal, which is automatically transmitted to the server in the control room. The signal contains the geodata of the module from which the SOS signal was received.

The real geographical position of the module is determined by using satellite positioning technologies (GLONASS, GPS), or mobile network technologies.

The invention will improve the information content and reliability of the operation of power lines, prevent accidents and emergencies by creating a device for monitoring power lines, which allows in real time to collect a wider range of monitoring factors with high diagnostic information content (due to additional sensors) and provide the most complete comprehensive information about the condition of the wires and the security zone of the power transmission line with the modules included in the device for monitoring the power transmission line, ensuring uninterrupted transmission of readings and the operation of the entire device if one of the modules is unavailable. Ultimately, this will lead to a decrease in the costs of maintaining and operating power lines.

Claims (23)

1. A device for monitoring the technical condition of power lines (LEP), containing installed on the power line and connected to the server modules, each of which is installed between two supports of the line and contains a housing located in its cavity and connected to the inputs of the microprocessor, at least one acceleration sensor for monitoring the state of the wires, sensors of environmental conditions, including at least one temperature sensor and at least one humidity sensor, the microprocessor is configured to generate, based on signals from the sensors, indicating the address of the information module, at least the beginning of the adhesion of snow or the formation of ice on the wires of the power transmission line, about the amplitudes of wire swinging or wire breakage, while the output of the microprocessor is connected to a transceiver intended for communication with the server, and the electronic circuits of the module are powered by a power supply modules additionally contains a wire temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor united with the microprocessor input, and the device has client software installed in the module microprocessor and server software, the client software is capable of polling each module sensor, transmitting the received data to the server, polling the nearest modules for identifying available modules in the chain for transmitting the readings of a failed module to the server through other available modules. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the module contains a smoke sensor connected to the microprocessor. 3. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the module contains a sound sensor connected to the microprocessor. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the module contains a current load sensor connected to the microprocessor. 5. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the module contains an air pollution sensor connected to the microprocessor. 6. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the module contains a radiation sensor connected to the microprocessor. 7. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the module contains a unit connected to the microprocessor for navigation to determine the real geographical position of the module. 8. The device according to claim. 7, characterized in that the determination of the real geographical position of the module is carried out in the GLONASS system. 9. The device according to claim. 7, characterized in that the determination of the real geographical position of the module is carried out in the GPS system. 10. A device according to claim 1, wherein the module comprises a unit for transmitting an SOS signal. 11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply unit of the electronic circuits of the module is made in the form of a magnetic circuit made with the possibility of installation on the power line wire serving as the primary winding of the transformer, which is equipped with the secondary winding of the transformer, which supplies power to the electronic circuits of the module. 12. A module for monitoring the technical condition of a power line wire (PTL), containing a housing made with the possibility of installing on a power line wire with at least one acceleration sensor for monitoring the state of the wires, weather sensors located in its cavity and connected to the microprocessor inputs environment, including at least one temperature sensor and at least one humidity sensor, the microprocessor is configured to generate, based on signals from the said sensors, information indicating the address of the transmission line flight about the beginning of snow adhesion or ice formation on the transmission line wires, about the amplitudes of wire swinging or wire breakage, while the microprocessor output is capable of being connected to a transceiver intended for communication with the server, and the electronic circuits of the device are powered by a power supply unit, characterized in that the module additionally contains those connected to the microprocessor input wire temperature sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor, the microprocessor has client software capable of polling each sensor of the module and transmitting the received data to the server and polling the nearest modules to identify available modules in the chain to transmit the readings of the failed module to the server through other available modules ... 13. The module according to claim 12, characterized in that the body is made spherical with a central hole for placing the wire and consists of two hemispheres connected to each other, with the possibility of installing them on the power line wire one under the other, while at least part the lower hemisphere is perforated. 14. The module according to claim 12, characterized in that it contains a smoke sensor connected to the microprocessor. 15. The module according to claim 12, characterized in that it contains a sound sensor connected to the microprocessor. 16. The module according to claim 12, characterized in that it contains a current load sensor connected to the microprocessor. 17. The module according to claim 12, characterized in that it contains an air pollution sensor connected to the microprocessor. 18. The module according to claim 12, characterized in that it contains a radiation sensor connected to the microprocessor. 19. The module according to claim 12, characterized in that it contains a unit connected to the microprocessor for navigation for determining the real geographical position of the module. 20. The module according to claim 19, characterized in that the determination of the real geographical position of the module is carried out in the GLONASS system. 21. The module according to claim 19, characterized in that the determination of the real geographical position of the module is carried out in the GPS system. 22. The module according to claim 12, characterized in that the module comprises a unit for transmitting an SOS signal. 23. The module according to claim 12, characterized in that the power supply unit of the electronic circuits of the module is made in the form of a magnetic circuit made with the possibility of installation on the power line wire serving as the primary winding of the transformer, which is equipped with the secondary winding of the transformer, which supplies power to the electronic circuits of the device.

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