RU2751853C1 - Method for identifying the location of the source and filtration paths on a ground hydrotechnical structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering and can be used to identify the source of filtration and the direction of filtration in the study of the state of underground hydraulic structures, such as staunches, dams, etc., based on the analysis of the isotopic composition of water. The method includes detecting water occurrence 1, identifying the location of the filtration source by installing a water intake well 8 near an underground hydraulic structure, installed on an underground aquifer 13 with an isotopic composition of water different from the isotopic composition of water in the reservoir 9 in the upper reaches, and equipped with a flow meter 6 and a shut-off valve 7, from which water is supplied from the underground aquifer 13 through the main collector 5 and distribution pipelines 10 laid along virtual test sites 12 with a width of 4 to 10 m. Then, in the lower stream 2, at selected control points in the water manifestation 1, piezometers, inspection drainage wells, surface reservoir 15, water samples are taken for subsequent studies in laboratory conditions with a comparative assessment of the isotopic composition of water, with the construction of isolines of equal values of the isotopic composition and the determination of the supply area 11, distribution paths and parameters of the filtration flow of non-project filtration, after identifying the location of the supply area 11 of the water manifestation 1 and non-project filtration paths, the main collector 5, distribution pipelines 10 are dismantled, the water intake well 8 is dismantled and tamped.EFFECT: invention provides a reduction in costs when eliminating the filtration source and restoring the filtration strength of an underground hydraulic structure by using simple measuring instruments (flow meter, water sampling for laboratory analysis of one component) to determine the filtration source and its direction in the body of an earth hydraulic structure from the position of assessing its genetic type, with an accuracy of up to 4 m, without affecting the operation mode of an underground hydraulic structure in the form of drilling wells in the body of an earth hydraulic structure, it also makes it possible to identify the location of the source and filtration routes on an earth hydraulic structure with a similar chemical composition of all waters involved in the filtration process (surface, underground, reservoirs), while there is no impact of artificial indicators on the natural environment and the natural chemical background of waters is preserved.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering and can be used to identify the source of filtration and the direction of filtration in the study of the state of ground hydraulic structures, for example, dams, dams, etc., based on the analysis of the isotopic composition of waters.

State of the art

One of the main tasks for the safe operation of hydraulic structures is not only the detection of the phenomenon of filtration disturbance, but also the establishment of its origin (filtration paths, the source of water ingress formation) for carrying out operational measures for the subsequent minimization / elimination of the negative filtration process. In many cases, the genesis and source of the formation of a filtration disturbance is not always possible to estimate using a stationary network of observation wells, visual observations, etc.

There is a known method for determining filtration rates, based on observing the behavior of indicators according to the data of the external boundaries of the flow and according to the data of observations of piezometers (V.I. -3, S. 60-61).

The disadvantages of the method are: the need to drill a large number of start-up and observation wells, which is often impossible within the normal operation of ground hydroelectric systems, in addition, the introduction of indicators largely changes the component composition of the natural aquatic environment, which limits the possibilities of its use.

The prototype of the claimed method for identifying the location of the source and filtration paths on a ground hydraulic structure is a method for assessing the level of pollution of surface and ground waters by filtration leaks from ash dumps and clarifying the boundaries of the area of distribution of pollutants by conducting hydrochemical monitoring (Recommendations for diagnostic control of the filtration and hydrochemical state of ash dumps. P 89- 2001. SPb, VNIIG, 2001, p. 2.1). The essence of the method lies in the operational hydrochemical control of the electrical conductivity and chemical composition of waters at selected control points by comparative assessment of the obtained water concentrations with the background values of water quality indicators, based on data processing, a conclusion is made about the state of the ash disposal drainage devices and their operation. When water discharges are detected on ground structures, the source of the filtration flow is established by taking water samples for subsequent studies in laboratory conditions, followed by a comparative assessment of the composition of the water, since the chemical composition of technogenic waters in the ash disposal area is fundamentally different from the component composition of ground and surface waters.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the scope of its application: the method can be used exclusively for assessing filtration disturbances in conditions of a fundamental difference in the chemical composition of natural, underground and industrial waters. In the case of a similar component composition of all waters, or its insignificant difference, hydrochemical control is not indicative.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

The technical result of the claimed invention is to reduce costs while eliminating the source of filtration and restoring the filtration strength of a ground hydraulic structure and the absence of the effect of artificial indicators on the natural environment while preserving the natural chemical background of waters.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the detection of water infiltration is performed, the location of the filtration source is identified by taking water samples at selected control points for subsequent studies in laboratory conditions, followed by a comparative assessment of the water composition, characterized in that after detecting water inflow, the location of the filtration source is detected by a device near of an underground hydraulic structure of a water intake well installed on an underground aquifer with an isotopic composition of water that is different from the isotopic composition of water in the reservoir in the headwater and equipped with a flow meter and a shut-off valve, from which through the main collector and distribution pipelines laid along virtual test sites with a width of 4 to 10 m, water is supplied from the underground aquifer, then in the downstream at selected control points in the water manifestation, piezometers, inspection drainage wells, surface water body you take water samples for subsequent studies in laboratory conditions with a comparative assessment of the isotopic composition of water, with the construction of isolines of equal values of the isotopic composition and the determination of the feeding area, propagation paths and parameters of the filtration flow of non-design filtration, after identifying the location of the feeding area and non-design filtration dismantle the main collector, distribution pipelines, dismantle and plug the water intake well.

The claimed method ensures the achievement of the technical result, providing a reduction in costs when eliminating the source of filtration and restoring the filtration strength of a ground hydraulic structure due to the use in determining the source of filtration and its direction in the body of a ground hydraulic structure from the position of assessing its genetic type, with an accuracy of up to 4 m, simple measuring instruments (flow meter, water sampling for laboratory analysis, one component at a time), without affecting the mode of operation of ground hydraulic structures in the form of drilling wells in the body of a ground hydraulic structure, also provides the ability to identify the location of the source and filtration paths on a ground hydraulic structure with a similar the chemical composition of all waters participating in the filtration process (surface, underground, reservoirs), while there is no effect of artificial indicators on the natural environment and remains Natural chemical background of waters.

Brief Description of Drawings

The claimed method for identifying the location of the source and the filtration paths on an earthen hydraulic structure based on the determination of the isotopic composition of water is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 12.

FIG. 1 shows a transverse profile of a soil dam. FIG. 2 shows a plan of an earth dam with recommended points for monitoring the isotopic composition of water.

In Figures 1 and 2, the following designations are adopted:

1 - water release;

2 - downstream (NB);

3 - drainage;

4 - body of an earth dam;

5 - main collector for water supply of the underground aquifer to the reservoir;

6 - flow meter;

7 - shut-off valve;

8 - water well;

9 - reservoir (upper pool - WB);

10 - distribution pipelines;

11 - feeding area of water seepage 1 (feeding area of non-design filtration);

12 - virtual experimental site;

13 - underground aquifer;

14 - depression surface;

15 - surface water body;

16 - piezometers;

17 - inspection drainage wells. Implementation of the invention

Carry out the study of the isotopic composition of the waters of the reservoir (WB) 9 (Fig. 1 and 2), water show 1 (Fig. 1 and 2) and the underground aquifer 13 (Fig. 1). Assign a place for sampling the underground aquifer 13 (Fig. 1) and arrange a water well 8 (Figs. 1 and 2).

The isotopic composition of the groundwater source (from the water intake well 8 (Figs. 1 and 2)) should differ in composition from the isotopic composition of water from the reservoir and water show 1 (Figs. 1 and 2).

To assess the location of the feeding area 11 (Figs. 1 and 2) of the water show 1 (Figs. 1 and 2), the body of the earth dam 4 (Figs. 1 and 2) is divided into a series of virtual test sites 12 (Figs. 1 and 2), having a width from 4 to 10 m. From the water well 8 (Fig. 1 and 2), the main collector 5 (Fig. 1 and 2) is laid to supply water from the underground aquifer 13 (Fig. 1) to the reservoir (upper pool - WB) 9 ( Fig. 1 and 2), through the system of distribution pipelines 10 (Fig. 1 and 2), laid within each virtual site 12 (Fig. 1 and 2).

The number of virtual test sites 12 (Fig. 1 and 2) is assigned depending on the length of the structure.

The water flow supplied through the main manifold 5 (Figs. 1 and 2) is controlled by the flow meter 6 (Figs. 1 and 2) and is regulated by the shut-off valve 7 (Figs. 1 and 2).

As water is alternately supplied to the reservoir (upper pool-VB) 9 (Figs. 1 and 2) through each distribution pipeline 10 (Figs. 1 and 2), the isotopic composition of water from the water show 1 (Figs. 1 and 2) is controlled in NB 2 ( Fig. 1 and 2), the position of the depression surface 14 (Fig. 1), water flow rates in drainage 3 (Figs. 1 and 2), as well as the isotopic composition of water in piezometers 16 (Fig. 2), inspection drainage wells 17 (Fig. . 2) and in the surface water body 15 (Figs. 1 and 2).

After a series of studies on each virtual experimental site 12 (Figs. 1 and 2), based on the obtained results of the isotopic composition of water at given points, a grid of distribution of values is constructed with the subsequent construction of isolines of equal values of the isotopic composition, according to which the position of the feeding area of the non-design filtration 11 (Fig. 1 and 2), determine the filtration paths and the parameters of the filtration flow.

After identifying the location of the feeding area 11 (Figs. 1 and 2) of water seepage 1 (Figs. 1 and 2) and non-design filtration paths, the main collector 5 (Figs. 1 and 2) and distribution pipelines 10 (Figs. 1 and 2) are dismantled, dismantled and plugging water well 8 (Fig. 1 and 2).

Claims (1)

A method for identifying the location of the source and filtration paths on a ground hydraulic structure, including detecting water seepage, identifying the location of the filtration source by taking water samples at selected control points for subsequent studies in laboratory conditions, followed by a comparative assessment of the water composition, characterized in that after water seepage is detected, the location of the filtration source by arranging a water intake well near a ground hydraulic structure, installed on an underground aquifer with an isotopic composition of water that is different from the isotopic composition of water in the reservoir in the upper pool, and equipped with a flow meter and a shut-off valve, from which through the main header and distribution pipelines laid through virtual experimental sites with a width of 4 to 10 m, water is supplied from an underground aquifer, then in the downstream at selected control points in water occurrence, piezo meters, inspection drainage wells, a surface reservoir, water samples are taken for subsequent studies in laboratory conditions with a comparative assessment of the isotopic composition of water, with the construction of isolines of equal values of the isotopic composition and determination of the feeding area, propagation paths and parameters of the filtration flow of non-design filtration, after to identify the location of the water supply feeding area and non-design filtration paths, dismantle the main collector, distribution pipelines, dismantle and plug the water intake well.

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