RU2751648C1 - Quickly reconfigurable short-wave capacitive transceiving antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: antennas.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to antenna technology and can be used in manufacture of transceiving antenna apparatuses for radio communication equipment in the HF frequency range. According to the invention, the quickly configurable short-wave capacitive transceiving antenna is comprised of a capacitive element deployed in space in form of two flat current-conducting surfaces located perpendicular to each other, as well as a variable inductance coil and a movable coupling coil connected with the capacitive element so as to electrically form a resonant oscillatory circuit configurable by frequency. The variable inductance coil provides smooth reconfiguration of the operating frequency of the capacitive antenna. The frequency hopping is provided by the additional current-conducting plates of different sizes installed in the capacitive element configured to be electrically connected to the lower horizontal current-conducting surface of the capacitive element according to a predetermined algorithm using a switching unit. The capacitance in the antenna circuit is therein changed by hopping, and the operating frequency of the antenna is changed accordingly. The value of the frequency jump will depend on the area of the additionally connected plates, and the number of discrete operating frequencies of the antenna configuration will be determined by the amount thereof.EFFECT: technical result of the invention is the expanded operational capabilities of the capacitive transceiving antenna due to implementation of resonant frequency hopping of the antenna circuit therein.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to antenna technology and can be used to create transceiving antenna devices for radio communication equipment in the short-wave frequency range.

Known analogs are a small-sized capacitive antenna with a matching inductance coil (see patent for invention of the Russian Federation No. 2470424, M.cl. H01Q 9/04, publ. 20.12.2012), as well as a capacitive transmitting and receiving antenna of the medium wavelength range (see. patent for invention RU 2728736, IPC H01Q 9/04, publ. 07/30/2020), selected as a prototype.

This prototype contains a capacitive element deployed in space in the form of two flat conductive surfaces located perpendicular to each other. A variable inductance coil and a movable coupling coil are connected to the capacitive element so that a frequency-tunable resonant oscillatory circuit (antenna circuit) is electrically formed.

In shortwave radio communication, a transmission mode is often used, in which the operating frequency hops according to a certain algorithm set in software. The duration of transmission at any of the frequencies does not exceed hundreds or even tens of milliseconds, which requires the corresponding speed of tuning the resonant frequency of the antenna circuit of the capacitive antenna.

In the prototype, the tuning of the resonant frequency of the antenna circuit is carried out by introducing a variable inductance of a ferromagnetic core into the coil. In this case, the tuning time of the operating frequency of the capacitive antenna turns out to be significantly longer than the required one and, depending on the tuning interval, can be tens or more seconds.

Fast (hopping) frequency hopping in a capacitive antenna can be implemented by hopping the value of the capacitance of the capacitive element of the antenna circuit.

The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of a capacitive transmitting-receiving antenna by implementing a hopping of its operating frequency according to a given algorithm.

The technical result is achieved by:

- in order to implement the hopping of the resonant frequency of the antenna circuit, additional conductive plates are introduced into its capacitive element, the connection of which makes it possible to jumpwise change its capacitance and, accordingly, the operating frequency of the antenna;

- in order to provide the possibility of setting the algorithm for hopping the operating frequency of the capacitive antenna, a switching unit is introduced, which provides electrical connection in a predetermined order of additional conductive plates to the lower horizontal conductive surface of the capacitive element.

The drawing shows:

FIG. 1 - Electrical diagram of the antenna circuit of a quickly tunable capacitive receiving-transmitting antenna of the short-wave range, where the numbers indicate:

1 - conductive surfaces of the capacitive element;

2 - variable inductance coil;

3 - communication coil;

4 - additional conductive plates;

5 - switching unit.

A rapidly tunable capacitive transmitting and receiving antenna of the short wavelength range consists of a capacitive element deployed in space, formed by two flat conductive surfaces 1, for example, of sheet copper. One of the conductive surfaces is located horizontally, and the other is installed above perpendicular to it. A variable inductance coil 2 and a movable coupling coil 3 are connected in series to the capacitive element so that together with it they form a frequency-tunable resonant oscillatory (antenna) circuit (see Fig. 1). The operating frequency of the capacitive antenna, equal to the resonant frequency of the antenna circuit, is determined by the value of the total inductance of coils 2 and 3, as well as the value of the capacitance of the capacitive element

Slow tuning of the resonant (operating) frequency of the antenna circuit is carried out by coil 2, the inductance of which can be changed by introducing a ferromagnetic core into the coil.

To ensure the possibility of rapid hopping of the resonant frequency under the upper conductive surface 1, additional conductive plates 4 are vertically installed, of different sizes in area. These plates can, in any combination and any sequence, be electrically connected by the switching unit 5 to the lower horizontal conductive surface 1 of the capacitive element. In this case, its total capacitance and, accordingly, the resonant frequency of the antenna circuit will discretely change in accordance with the specified algorithm. The magnitude of the frequency increment (jump) will depend on the area of the additionally connected plates, and the number of discrete operating frequencies of the antenna tuning will be determined by the number of additional plates 4.

The input of high-frequency signal energy into the antenna circuit from an external source is carried out through the coupling coil 3, located coaxially with the coil 2 and connected to it by a single magnetic field (autotransformer coupling). This connection can be changed by longitudinal movement of the coupling coil, which leads to a change in the parameters of the input impedance of the antenna and makes it possible to adjust the matching of the antenna with the feed line.

When radiating along the feeder line, a high-frequency signal voltage is applied from the transmitter to the communication coil. At resonance between the conductive surfaces of the capacitive element deployed in space, an alternating voltage of high frequency arises, which is Q times greater than the input voltage, where Q is the quality factor of the antenna circuit. A high-frequency electric field of high intensity, acting in the opening of the capacitive element, induces displacement currents in the surrounding space, due to which radiation of electromagnetic energy occurs.

The industrial applicability of the device is achieved by the fact that widespread materials and technologies can be used for its manufacture.

Claims (1)

A rapidly tunable short-wavelength capacitive receiving-transmitting antenna containing a capacitive element deployed in space in the form of two flat current-conducting surfaces located perpendicular to each other, a variable inductance coil and a coupling coil, connected to it so that an electrically tunable resonant oscillatory circuit is formed , characterized in that to ensure the hopping of the operating frequency of the antenna between the conductive surfaces of the capacitive element, additional conductive plates of different sizes are vertically installed, and a switching unit is introduced, which electrically connects additional conductive plates to the lower horizontal conductive surface of the capacitive element according to a given algorithm.

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