RU2750467C1 - Method for preventing a vehicle from colliding with another movement participant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mobile communication.

SUBSTANCE: in order to prevent a vehicle from colliding with a pedestrian, when a pedestrian is on the roadway, radio signals are sent by the pedestrian’s electronic mobile communication device. The mentioned radio signals are received by the narrowly directed receiving and transmitting antenna of the vehicle electronic device from the pedestrian’s electronic mobile communication device. The received radio signals are transmitted to the information processing unit of the vehicle electronic device with the alarm signal to the vehicle driver. Reverse radio signals are transmitted to the pedestrian’s electronic mobile communication device with the alarm signal to the pedestrian about the vehicle approach. Alarm signals are triggered when the distance between the pedestrian and the vehicle is 200-250 meters.

EFFECT: provision of simultaneous informing of movement participants by means of duplex communication “pedestrian-driver-pedestrian” in the permitted range of subscriber frequencies of GSM mobile communication in all weather conditions, and the improvement in the accuracy of the system operation and elimination of false alarms.

4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

[001] Technical Field

[002] The invention relates to the field of transport security, in particular to methods for preventing a collision of a vehicle (TC) with another road user (pedestrian or cyclist) using an information system with a two-way mode of operation. The invention provides simultaneous operational two-way notification for pedestrians, cyclists in the permitted range of subscriber frequencies for GSM mobile communications, in accordance with the current legislation for transmitters with a power of less than 10 mW that do not require special permits from the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Main Radio Frequency Center" (FSUE "GRCHTs"), both drivers and pedestrians (cyclists) at a pedestrian crossing or on the carriageway of the road about the presence and actual approach of the vehicle, which allows both road users to take safe actions in time and reduce the likelihood of a car hitting a person at any time of the day , regardless of weather conditions.

[003] Background of the art

[004] In recent years, the automotive industry, along with organizations such as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), has paid a lot of attention to protecting highly vulnerable road users. Pedestrian and cyclist detection is one of the most important problems, the solution of which contributes to the creation of an effective system for his protection. Many researchers are inclined to conclude that visual recognition of pedestrians (cyclists) should be part of such a system. The approach to detecting a pedestrian (cyclist) on the road is widely discussed (Kussol M.E., Sadovaya O.G., Sychev A.S. Review of algorithms and solutions to the problem of optical recognition of a pedestrian // Mathematical machines i sistemi. - 2005. No. 4. Pp. 110-115).

[005] A known warning device for an unregulated pedestrian crossing (RF patent RU135829, 20.12.2013), containing at least one information board, a motion sensor, a power supply, a control unit for said information board with a built-in radio communication means for interacting with a control unit a similar device installed on the side of the carriageway in the opposite direction of traffic.

[006] The disadvantage of this device is that there is no possibility of simultaneous two-way notification of the vehicle driver and the pedestrian, and that the lighting device does not create full visibility of the pedestrian crossing and is not installed at the border of the pedestrian crossing. Therefore, the pedestrian crossing is not fully illuminated, and as a result, the pedestrian will not be visible on it.

[007] Known is a pedestrian crossing lighting device (RF patent RU 101048, 01/10/2011) containing signal lighting elements, a motion sensor, a power source, a control unit for said signal lighting elements, a motion sensor and a means for installing said signal lighting elements on it, motion sensor, control unit.

[008] The disadvantage of this device should be attributed to the lack of the possibility of simultaneous two-way notification and the lack of lighting on the approach of a pedestrian from the sidewalk.

[009] A known system of traffic control at an unregulated pedestrian crossing (patent RU No. 122514, 11/27/2012) contains a front and rear panel in the form of plates with LED backlighting and an animated image of a pedestrian and animation along the contour of the plates, between which an LED floodlight with a light filter and a protective cover, and at the bottom of the animation with the image of a pedestrian.

[010] The disadvantage of this system is the lack of the possibility of simultaneous two-way notification.

[011] Known system PCW (Pedestrian Collision Warning), which is part of the ADAS (advanced driver-assistance systems). This is a driver assistance system. The PCW and ADAS systems include cameras, sensors, ultrasonic sensors, radars and lasers used to record data about the environment in which the vehicle is moving, including the stationary or mobile state of the vehicle itself, the location of pedestrians, road signs, traffic lanes, intersections , cornering, and phenomena such as driving in poor visibility or low light conditions. A set of specific work algorithms that, to varying degrees, help the driver in making quick decisions for safe and easy driving. Premium cars often have PCW and ADAS embedded in their on-board computers. For example, the review camera allows you to notice obstacles and pedestrians in the so-called blind zone, when the driver cannot see objects using the usual set of optical elements of the car, and the approach warning system helps to draw the driver's attention to a possible dangerous situation. The ADAS system includes a PCW (Pedestrian Collision Warning) unit and a pedestrian approach warning system. The most actively patented methods of work and driver assistance systems are Bosch corporation, as well as Toyota, Hyundai, Daimler, Continental, GM.

[012] The disadvantages of ADAS and PCW systems are their technical complexity, which requires adjustment and calibration using specialized calibration frames and targets, as well as systematic maintenance, which significantly increases the cost of the vehicle. At the same time, there is no possibility of simultaneous two-way notification of the vehicle driver and the pedestrian (cyclist), which allows both road users to take safe actions in time.

[013] There is a known method for preventing collision of a vehicle with a pedestrian (US patent US9233659, 01/12/2016), which uses a camera and a processor installed in a car to detect an image of a pedestrian. Based on the zoom in on the pedestrian, it can be determined that a collision between the vehicle and the pedestrian is expected, creating a potential collision warning. Validation may include analyzing the optical flow of a pedestrian image, predicting lane markings on a straight road, calculating lateral movement of a pedestrian if the pedestrian crosses a lane or curb and / or if the vehicle changes lanes.

[014] The disadvantage of this method is the lack of the possibility of simultaneous two-way notification of both the driver of the vehicle and the pedestrian (cyclist). The analogue also does not allow suppressing the collision warning signal or the collision avoidance signal if the pedestrian is on the far side of the curb or lane, and the pedestrian does not cross the shoulder or lane, which significantly increases the risk of collision between the vehicle and the pedestrian if the pedestrian suddenly changes trajectory or the speed of its movement. Also, the method does not allow to determine in advance the presence of a pedestrian approaching a pedestrian crossing.

[015] From the prior art, a method for ensuring traffic safety is known, disclosed in RF patent RU2469890, 20.12.2012. The method provides for synchronizing the clocks of the reference transmitters, measuring the travel time of the radio signal from the antennas of three or more reference radio transmitters located at a distance from the vehicle and the pedestrian to the antenna of the radio navigation device located on the vehicle or pedestrian, calculating the coordinates of the vehicle and the pedestrian using a computing device, transmitting via the radio channel of information about the coordinates of the vehicle and pedestrians, their identification numbers to the information computer center and the transmission of warning signals to road users. Radio towers with reference transmitters are installed along the road at fixed points with known three-dimensional coordinates of the antennas. Synchronization of the clock of the reference radio transmitters with the clock of the information computer center is carried out via the fiber-optic communication line between them.

[016] The disadvantage of this method is also the lack of the possibility of simultaneous two-way notification of the driver and pedestrian (cyclist), as well as the technical complexity of the system, including numerous reference transmitters, navigation systems, antennas for pedestrians, fiber optic lines, computing centers.

[017] A known method for improving the safety of pedestrian crossings RU2495775, 20.10.2013. According to the method, a pedestrian, when approaching a crossing, is warned of the degree of danger at a pedestrian crossing by means of a mobile electronic device, for example, a mobile phone, which, based on the analysis of information about a traffic light on, the distance to approaching vehicles, their speed, the intensity of the flow of vehicles, weather conditions. conditions, from sensors and video cameras located at the entrances to the pedestrian crossing, it generates and issues sound or other signals corresponding to the level of danger, signals about permission or prohibition of crossing. At the same time, similar electronic devices can be located in vehicles to warn drivers about approaching pedestrians.

[018] The disadvantage of this method is the lack of the possibility of simultaneous two-way notification of traffic participants, insufficient accuracy of information, as well as the technical complexity of the implementation of the system associated with the presence of sensors, video cameras. It should also be noted that this analogue does not disclose how pedestrians are notified of a traffic signal or an approaching vehicle.

[019] A known method of attracting the attention of the driver of the vehicle, disclosed in the US application US 2018365993 A1, published on 20.12.2018. This method comprises the steps of: rendering on the user interface device in the head vehicle a graphical representation of at least one target vehicle; receive user input representing a selection of at least one target vehicle; and transmitting a warning signal from the host vehicle to the selected at least one target vehicle in response to receiving user input.

[020] The disadvantage of this method is that during the movement of the vehicle, the driver of the head vehicle must provide user input on the user interface device, thereby selecting at least one target vehicle to transmit a warning signal to it. This will inevitably distract the driver of the head vehicle from driving the vehicle, which can lead to an emergency on the road.

[021] The closest analogue is the interactive traffic control method shown in the German application DE 10334203 A1, published 03/10/2005. According to this method, at least two road users are informed about the current position of each other by means of their electronic devices through two-way radio communication in order to prevent a traffic accident. However, the method known from DE 10334203 A1 can be advantageously effective when both road users are motor vehicles, as shown in FIG. 1 of DE 10334203 A1. In the case when one of the road users is, for example, a pedestrian, this method becomes inconvenient, ineffective and even dangerous, since when the electronic devices of road users are activated, many false alarms will occur, like a device located in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, so and at the pedestrian device. Frequent radio signals emanating from electronic devices of pedestrians who are known to be in the safe area (on the sides or behind the vehicle), entering the vehicle interior in the form of alarm signals, will certainly distract the driver from driving the vehicle, which can lead to a road accident ...

[022] Disclosure of the invention

[023] The main technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is to improve road safety due to timely two-way informing traffic participants about a possible collision in the allowed subscriber frequency range of GSM 850-1900 MHz mobile communication.

[024] The technical result of the invention is to provide simultaneous informing of traffic participants through duplex communication "pedestrian-driver-pedestrian" in any weather conditions, to improve the accuracy and reliability of the system and to eliminate false alarms in the allowed range of subscriber frequencies of the mobile communication standard GSM 850 -1900 MHz, which do not require special permits from the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "GRChTs", as well as simplifying the implementation of the method, excluding the presence of expensive devices to prevent collisions of road users.

[025] The specified technical result is achieved when implementing a method for preventing a collision of a vehicle with a pedestrian, characterized in that: when a pedestrian is on the carriageway, radio signals are supplied by an electronic mobile communication device of a pedestrian; receive said radio signals with a narrow-beam transmitting and receiving antenna of an electronic device of a vehicle from an electronic mobile communication device of a pedestrian, which is located in the receiving area of a narrow-beam antenna in front of the vehicle; transmitting the received radio signals to the information processing unit of the electronic device of the vehicle, sending an alarm signal to the driver of the vehicle; transmitting the return radio signals by the electronic device of the vehicle to the electronic mobile communication device of the pedestrian, which is located in front of the vehicle, giving an alarm signal to the pedestrian about the approach of the vehicle; initiate alarm signals when the distance between the pedestrian and the vehicle is 200-250 meters.

[026] The implementation of the method, characterized by the specified set of essential features, will provide simultaneous two-way informing of road users - vehicle drivers and pedestrians on the carriageway in front of the vehicle, through duplex communication "pedestrian-driver-pedestrian", will exclude the occurrence of false alarms both electronic devices for pedestrians and electronic devices for vehicles, which will improve road safety.

[027] In addition, in order to achieve the technical result, particular options for implementing the method are provided, according to which:

[028] - radio signals received from the electronic mobile communication device of the pedestrian are also transmitted to the driver assistance system with the provision of automatic reduction of the vehicle speed;

[029] - alarm signals are transmitted in the form of sound and / or speech and / or light signals;

[030] - automatically change the intensity of alarms depending on the relative position of the pedestrian and the vehicle.

[031] Brief Description of the Drawings

[032] The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

[033] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for implementing the inventive method.

[034] Figures 2, 3 show schemes for detecting a pedestrian when approaching a vehicle.

[035] Figure 4 shows a smartphone and an electronic keyfob with two-way communication.

[036] Implementation of the invention

[037] The invention is implemented by means of a collision avoidance system, which includes an electronic device 1 of a vehicle and an electronic device 2 of another road user (pedestrian or cyclist) operating in the allowed range of subscriber frequencies of GSM mobile communications with an output power of less than 10 mW.

[038] The device 2 includes a transmitting and receiving antenna 3, an associated radio transmission and reception unit 4, a sound reproducing unit 5, a display 6, and an information processing unit 7 associated with a transmission and reception unit 4, a sound reproducing unit 5 and display 6.

[039] The electronic device 2 of another road user (pedestrian or cyclist) may be, in particular, a portable device worn by a pedestrian or cyclist: a mobile phone (smartphone), an electronic bracelet, a smart watch, an electronic key fob with two-way feedback or other device , in the design of which a receiver is integrated, which receives information about the approach of a vehicle, and a transmitter of return signals to indicate its presence at an intersection or a highway to an electronic device of the vehicle. The electronic device 2 of another road user can also be an electronic pet collar with one-way communication, operating in the mode of only transmitting signals to the electronic device of the vehicle.

[040] The electronic device 1 of the vehicle includes a narrow-beam transmitting and receiving antenna 8, an associated unit 9 for receiving and transmitting radio signals with an output power of less than 10 mW, a display 10, a sound reproducing unit 11, a memory unit 12, a driver assistance system 13, and also block 14 of information processing, associated with blocks 9, 11, 12, system 13 and display 10. Narrow directional receiving-transmitting antenna 8 is made with an angle coverage of 120 ° in front of the bonnet space of the vehicle. In this case, the antenna has a blocking screen 15, which prevents lateral and rear reception of radio signals from other road users.

[041] The electronic device 1 of the vehicle may be, for example, a video recorder or an electronic rear-view mirror connected to a radio receiver or a multimedia system of the vehicle via wireless or wired communication.

[042] The operation of devices 1, 2 is preferably carried out in the allowed range of subscriber frequencies of mobile communication of the standard GSM 850, 868, 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz with an output power of less than 10 mW, which does not require special permits from the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "GRChTs", which increases noise immunity and increases the quality of signal reception and transmission. At the same time, a specialized software application for managing two-way communication of devices can be installed on devices 1 and 2.

[043] The method according to the invention is implemented as follows.

[044] When a pedestrian or cyclist is at a pedestrian crossing or driving on the carriageway with an electronic device 2 turned on, said device sends a digital radio signal to indicate its presence, which is emitted by an antenna 3. If a pedestrian or cyclist is located in front of a moving vehicle, a narrowly directional transceiver The antenna 8 of the vehicle 1 device located in the driver's cab receives the signal and transmits the data through the transmission-receiving unit 9 to the information processing unit 14. The specified unit 14 gives a command to send a sound (voice) warning (notification) to the unit 11 for reproducing sound or speech, as well as a light warning to the display 10, which can be expressed in increasing the brightness of the display or blinking.

[045] When the vehicle is dangerously close to another road user (pedestrian or cyclist), the driver assistance system 13 issues a command to the braking system for emergency braking or reducing the vehicle speed. The memory unit 12 stores the received signals in time.

[046] At the same time, the transmission-receiving unit 9 of the vehicle device 1 initiates the supply of a return radio signal using the antenna 8, which is received by the antenna 3 of the device 2 of another road user, is transmitted to the transmission-receiving unit 4 and then to the information processing unit 7, which initiates sound (voice) warning by means of unit 5 (speaker or device headset), as well as light warning on display 6, providing bright light or blinking. In addition, the mode of short-term vibration of device 2 can be switched on, which is especially important for visually impaired and blind pedestrians.

[047] The indication of a dangerous approach of the driver with another participant in the movement (pedestrian or cyclist) is initialized at a distance of 200-250 meters from the vehicle. The specified range of distance between a pedestrian (cyclist) and a vehicle is due to the length of the stopping distance that the vehicle passes when moving at a speed of 60 km / h in the most severe weather conditions. An increase in the upper limit of the distance (250 m) between a pedestrian (cyclist) and a vehicle will be inappropriate and, moreover, potentially dangerous, since in this case the number of unreasonable (false) alarms of electronic devices of pedestrians (cyclists) and vehicles that are known to a safe distance from each other. This, in the first place, will distract the driver from driving and negatively affect road safety.

Claims (9)

1. A method of preventing a collision of a vehicle with a pedestrian, characterized in that: when a pedestrian is on the carriageway, radio signals are supplied by the pedestrian's electronic mobile communication device; receive said radio signals with a narrow-beam transmitting and receiving antenna of an electronic device of a vehicle from an electronic mobile communication device of a pedestrian, which is located in the receiving area of a narrow-beam antenna in front of the vehicle; transmitting the received radio signals to the information processing unit of the electronic device of the vehicle, sending an alarm signal to the driver of the vehicle; transmitting the return radio signals by the electronic device of the vehicle to the electronic mobile communication device of the pedestrian, which is located in front of the vehicle, giving an alarm signal to the pedestrian about the approach of the vehicle; initiate alarm signals when the distance between the pedestrian and the vehicle is 200-250 meters. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the radio signals received from the electronic mobile communication device of the pedestrian are also transmitted to the driver assistance system with the automatic reduction of the vehicle speed. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the alarm signals are transmitted in the form of sound and / or speech and / or light signals. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the intensity of the alarm signals is automatically changed depending on the relative position of the pedestrian and the vehicle.

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