RU2749088C1 - Method for monitoring power consumption within separate section of power network - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the area of electrical engineering, particularly to methods of monitoring power consumption within a separate section of a power network. The technical result is achieved by the method for monitoring power consumption being executed in relation to a separate section of a power network containing one or more electrical receivers - power-consuming electrical apparatuses - connected via a connecting unit with a power distribution network. Implementation of the method is provided by a hardware system including, particularly, a processor and an informational and analytical system. Information on the standard values of the current characteristics of each electrical receiver or the type of each electrical receiver, or information obtained from the results of operation of the apparatus (electrical receiver) in a single mode for a long period of time, at least 10 hours, or information on simultaneous operation of a group of electrical receivers is supplied to the informational and analytical system.EFFECT: monitoring changes of current in the power network and determining the operating mode of the electrical apparatus by the characteristics of the current map.7 cl, 15 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of energy consumption monitoring and can be used to identify switching on, off, normal operation and malfunction of electrical equipment in a separate section of the electrical network.

A known system for measuring energy consumption resource and a method of using such a system for intelligent energy consumption, equipped with a data recording device and configured to transfer the collected data to a database, and a method of using an energy meter for intelligent energy consumption. The resource measurement system contains a final device that consumes an energy resource for use in a building or in a street lighting system, and the device contains a detection unit that generates status information, a usefulness indicator (efficiency of use), a communication module for transmitting data generated by the unit to the said smart meter detection; a smart meter containing a communication circuit with an interface adapted to receive status information and said utility indicator from said device; a measuring device connected to a medium that delivers a resource to said device; and a control circuit connected to the measuring device for collecting resource consumption data, wherein the control circuit is connected to the communication circuit and is configured to generate monitoring data to be transmitted in a secure mode to the server after processing the status information and said indicator. Monitoring data is used in determining consumption tariffs to stimulate the use of energy-saving devices.

A method for transmitting monitoring data to a server regarding the use by a consumer of at least one end device that consumes at least one resource that is a power consumption resource of the end device, the method comprising the steps of linking said end device with a smart meter by interacting said end device with communication circuit of the smart meter, collecting with the smart meter resource consumption data representing the resource consumed by said terminal device, collecting status information and at least one indicator of usage efficiency from said terminal device using the smart meter, said indicator of efficiency being different from the data resource consumption, processing the status information in conjunction with said usage efficiency indicator to generate said monitoring data, and The resource consumption data and monitoring data are fed to the server using the said smart meter. (RF patent No. 2575871, IPC H02J13 / 00, H04Q 9/00, publ. 20.02.2016.)

The disadvantages of the known technical solution include the presence of end devices that communicate with the server. The system monitors the power consumption, and not the change in the characteristics of the current in the network, and does not allow identifying the device to which the characteristics refer to the current portrait, as well as identifying events by consumers of electrical energy.

Known device for collecting and transmitting data for a system of accounting and management of energy consumption of objects, which contains a means of receiving and means of transmitting data over the power network, means of receiving and means of transmitting data over a radio channel, a processor, a memory device. The device is designed to receive and transmit the same data in parallel over the two specified channels. The device includes one and the other means for monitoring the integrity of data arriving through one and the other specified channels, respectively. The outputs of the data integrity control are connected to the inputs of the OR gate. The output of the latter is associated with the processor. The device provides an expansion of the bandwidth of the data transmission system over power lines. The description also describes a method for transmitting signals through a power line, in which, in said power line network, at least one transmitter and at least one receiver communicate with each other via at least two channels. (RF patent No. 145934, IPC H02J13 / 00, publ. 09/27/2014.)

The disadvantages of the known solution include the fact that information is collected from third-party metering devices, and not directly from the supply circuit through a current sensor, which does not allow collecting more detailed information than a third-party metering device provides.

Known is an integrated system for individual metering and regulation of energy consumption in housing and communal services, which contains electricity meters installed in apartments, gas meters and water meters, interface modules, intelligent temperature conversion sensors for monitoring the heat consumption of apartments, intelligent sensors for the amount of hot and cold water, thermostatic valves, and also local concentrators for collecting and processing information, each of which contains a processor, a memory element and a power source (from the mains or battery) and is equipped with interface modules for communication with apartment monitors, a house concentrator and with the aforementioned counters and sensors. The meters are also equipped with interface modules for signal conversion. The system also includes a set of equipment for general commercial metering of heat consumption and water consumption, installed in the house and including a house heat meter installed in an individual heating point and connected to a home concentrator connected via a modem and a communication channel with a central dispatching point. The central dispatch center (CDL) contains a computer that serves to identify the controlled object, store the archive of data on consumed energy resources, print out receipts for payment and control payment. (RF patent No. 52504, IPC G08B25 / 00, publ. 27.03.200 - prototype.)

The disadvantage of the known solution is the measurement of the volumes of resource consumption, and not the measurement of the characteristics of the current consumed by the devices, which is key information for the proposed solution. The known solution cannot be used to identify events occurring in the electrical network and determine the operating state of an electrical appliance based on an analysis of its energy consumption.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is to provide the possibility of identifying events: switching on, off, normal operation and malfunction of electrical equipment (devices) by comparing the characteristics of the current consumed by the devices in a certain period of time.

Monitoring of events using the considered method can be carried out both at the point of connection of electrical equipment to the electrical network, and in the circuit of the electrical network, in which there are several electrical devices - consumers of electricity, provided that the circuit has one power point.

The technical result, the achievement of which is ensured by the implementation of the entire claimed set of essential features, consists in monitoring the change in current in the power grid and determining the operating mode of the electrical appliance according to the characteristics of the current portrait, which allows identification of events by consumers of electrical energy, and this information can be used for marketing purposes and for measures to ensure energy efficiency in the consumption and use of equipment.

Concepts and definitions used in the description of the invention:

A data block, a data packet is a separate piece of information.

IAS is an information and analytical system.

Functions and scope of IAS:

The main purpose of the IAS is dynamic presentation and multidimensional analysis of current data, trend analysis, modeling and forecasting the results of various management decisions.

The main functions of the information and analytical system are:

• data analysis, including operational and intellectual;

• extraction of data from various sources, their transformation and loading into the storage;

• preparation of the results of operational and intellectual analysis for their effective perception by consumers;

• data storage.

Device identifier - a numbered unique code of the device, stored in the device's memory, transferred to the information and analytical system as part of the data block.

Transitional period - the period of time in which the network operation mode changes (turning on / off electrical appliances (consumers)).

Transient processes are processes that occur in electrical circuits under various influences that bring them from a stationary state to a new stationary state, that is, under the action of various types of switching equipment, for example, keys, switches for turning on or off a source or receiver of energy, in case of open circuits, with short circuits of individual sections of the circuit, etc.

An event sign is a characteristic of a change in the operation of an electricity consumer (electrical appliance).

The processor is the central unit of the computer. The purpose of the processor : 1) to control the operation of the computer according to a given program; 2) perform information processing operations. A device that records electrical signals in the network, performs operations on the received information, including sending it to the analytical system.

Distribution network - a network from VU (input device), ASU (input distribution device), main switchboard (main switchboard) to distribution points and shields. (PUE, clause 7.1.11. PUE 7. Electrical Installation Rules. Edition 7. Approved by the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation, Order No. 204 dated July 8, 2002.) This is in contrast to the backbone networks. There is no transformer between consumer devices and there is no other source of electricity in the controlled circuit.

Distribution electrical network - a low-voltage electrical network consisting of a power source and a power transmission line and is designed to supply electricity to electrical installations of buildings and other low-voltage electrical installations. (GOST 30331.1-2013, paragraph 20.532.)

Distribution electrical networks - designed to deliver electrical energy from 6 kV to 10 kV to the consumer. Voltage in our case is not so important, and other definitions are more accurate.

The recorder of electrical parameters is a device that monitors voltage and current fluctuations on the line, for example, Rpm - 416. It is a programmable, microprocessor-based, stationary device.

Sector (section) of the group electrical network - according to the seventh edition of the PUE (clause 7.1.12), the concept "Group network" is given - a network from shields and distribution points to lamps, plug sockets and other electrical receivers. Sector (section) of the group electrical network - the separation of the part of the electrical network in which the consumers are located. This isolated part of the network has one connection to the distribution network and does not have its own sources of electricity generation. For example, a separate apartment or workshop.

Events in the network - changes in the work of the consumer of electricity (electrical appliance).

Electricity events- turning on / working / malfunctioning / turning off an electrical device (electrical equipment) connected to the electrical network, which are characterized by a change in current above a certain threshold (set in the settings), which is considered a sign of an event in the network.

A connecting node is a point of connection of a sector (section, segment) of an electrical network with a distribution network. In the case of residential consumers, this is the connection point of the apartment in the switchboard, in the case of an industrial consumer, this is usually also the place where the meter is installed.

Setpoint - the value of a certain value or parameter, upon reaching which the state of the system changes.

Section of the group electrical network- part of the power grid that has one connection to the power source and contains one or more power consumers.

The characteristics of malfunctions are determined based on the deviation from the reference (normative) mode of operation stored in the database.

Electrical network - a set of electrical installations intended for the transmission and distribution of electricity from a power plant to a consumer.

Reference (normative) characteristics - can be determined based on the standard characteristics of a device of this type, and can be recognized as such (reference for a particular device) based on the results of taking readings of the device's operation (recorded current curves during its operation in single mode) for a set time (for example, 10 cycles of operation without deviations in characteristics). Such indications can be taken by the operator, or can be recorded by a computer.

Reference (normative) characteristics - characteristics inherent in the operation of the device in the standard mode provided for this type of device. The reference mode is characterized by the characteristic for a particular device shape of the current curve obtained (taken) at the output from the device.

The essence of the invention is as follows.

The method of monitoring energy consumption is carried out in relation to a separate section of the electrical network, which contains one or more electrical receivers - electrical appliances that consume electricity - connected through a connecting node to the electrical distribution network. The connection of a separate section of the electrical network makes it possible to determine the current of the specified isolated section of the electrical network, for example, by a current sensor. The information and analytical system, which makes it possible to implement the method, contains information about the standard values of the current characteristics of each electrical receiver or the type of each electrical receiver, or information obtained from the results of the operation of the device (electrical receiver) in a single mode for a long period of time, at least 10 hours, or information about the simultaneous operation of a group of electrical receivers. An identifier is assigned to each electric consumer, and a database of situations is formed. The standard values of the characteristics of the current of each electrical receiver can be obtained from the passport or other data of the electrical receiver or obtained empirically. Further, the current value of the electric current of the isolated section of the electrical network for the specified period of time is continuously measured, processed and recorded and compared with the characteristics of the electric current of this isolated section of the electrical network for the previous period of time. In the event of a current change by 5–20% (the level can be set to any level depending on the sensitivity of the current sensor used and the required sensitivity level of the system), the measurement data in the transient period of time, in which the network operating mode changes, reflecting switching on and / or of the electrical receiver, which is from 400 to 1000 ms (the period can vary for different electricity consumers), is transferred to the information and analytical system (IAS) and compared with the normative ones, recorded and saved, forming a database of working situations for each of the electrical receivers. Based on the results of comparisons of changes in current values with the standard values of the current of the corresponding electrical receiver, a conclusion is made based on the database of situations about the operation of the corresponding electrical receiver.

The standard operating mode of the electrical receiver is determined by the results of the device (electrical receiver) operation in a single mode for a set time, for example, from 5 to 50 hours. The normative regime can be established on the basis of the data of the operation of several electrical consumers based on the results of the operation of a long period of time from 5 to 50 hours. The study of the operation of the electric receiver (s) for a period of time less than 5 hours usually does not give stable results; setting the study time for more than 50 hours seems economically inexpedient and does not provide an improvement in the quality of the results obtained.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the implementation of the proposed method, where:

1 - contour of a separate section of the electrical network;

2 - a sensor of electrical parameters (for example, a non-contact current sensor);

3 - recorder of electrical parameters (processor);

4 - data transmission medium;

5 - information and analytical system;

6 - power supply for the circuit of a separate section of the electrical network.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram explaining the implementation of the proposed method, where:

2 - current sensor;

3 - processor (recorder of electrical parameters);

4 - data transmission medium;

5 - information and analytical system;

7 - communication module;

8 - power supply unit;

9 - memory block;

10 - database;

FIG. 3-14 graphically represent examples of current data transmitted by the device to the analytical system, in particular:

in fig. 3 shows a diagram of the current when the electric kettle is turned on and operating;

in fig. 4 shows a diagram of the current at the moment of turning off the electric kettle;

in fig. 5 shows a diagram of the current when turning on, working and turning off the vacuum cleaner;

in fig. 6 shows a diagram of the current when the electric drill is turned on and operating;

in fig. 7 shows a diagram of current pulses when the microwave oven is turned on;

in fig. 8 shows a diagram of the current when the microwave oven is on (working);

in fig. 9 shows a high-frequency current diagram - the refrigerator is working and a meat grinder is added;

in fig. 10 shows a high-frequency current diagram - the refrigerator is running and a dishwasher is added;

in fig. 11 shows a high-frequency current diagram - the refrigerator is running and a washing machine is added (water pumping phase);

in fig. 12 shows a low-frequency current diagram (grid step 1 min) - current change at multiple load;

in fig. 13 shows a low-frequency current diagram (grid step 1 min) - current change at multiple load with explanations;

in fig. 14 shows a low-frequency current diagram (grid step 5 min) - current change at multiple load with explanations.

FIG. 15 shows a sample of a device that implements the inventive method, where:

3 - processor - recorder of electrical parameters;

2 - current sensor (Rogovsky belt);

2 - current sensor (Hall sensor LEM);

8 - power supply unit;

11 - WiFi router.

The method for monitoring energy consumption in a separate section of the electrical network is carried out as follows. A separate section of the electrical network contains one or more electrical receivers (see Fig. 1) and has a connecting node with the main (distribution) network. There is no transformer between our device and consumer devices and there is no other source of electricity in the controlled circuit. After the point of connection with the distribution network, at some distance, there is a branching of the supply conductor to supply a certain number of consumer devices. The control is carried out on the section from the point of connection with the distribution network to the branch to the power consumers. The current sensor measures the currents in the supply conductor. All events within the section of the electrical network (behind the point of connection to the distribution network) are reflected in the parameters of the current in the supply conductor.

The current sensor 2 continuously measures the values of the electric current of an isolated section of the electrical network. The received data are sent to the processor 3, where they are processed by converting the analog signal into a digital value, the current value is recorded (fixed) in the memory unit 9 of the processor 3 or a separate memory device 9.

The processor 3 periodically extracts the current values from the memory block 9 for a period of time with a given length and, through the communication module 7, transfers the data block containing the current values in a fixed period of time to the information-analytical system 5. The information-analytical system 5 contains a database 10 or database associated with the analytical system 5.

The processor 3 compares the current value of the current with the value recorded in the memory block 9 for the previous time period. Processor 3 compares the measured current value with the previous one to identify the transient. High-frequency recording of current values is performed by processor 3 constantly, but only transient processes and low-frequency recordings of current values are sent to the information-analytical system 5 (if you send everything to the system, this will lead to a significant increase in the load on the data transmission channel and on computing power with the storage volume data). Processor 3, in order to select the segment of high-frequency recording necessary for sending to the information-analytical system 5, it is necessary to determine the jump (change) of the current. To do this, each new value is compared with the previous one, and if the new value is greater than the previous one by a set value of 5 to 20% (processor 3 considers this a sign of a transient process), the completion of the transient process is expected (according to the results of the experiments, the waiting time is 1/2 of time of the transient process (1/2 from 400 to 1000 ms from the moment of registration of the current surge), after which the segment of recording the current values for the previous ones from 400 to 1000 ms (this is the time of the entire transient process, including its beginning before the current surge, established empirically for electrical appliances) is sent to the information and analytical system 5. The information and analytical system 5 compares the obtained data records with the standard values.If the change in current during the transition period is less than 5%, it is not taken into account, since such a change in current can be caused by current fluctuations in the electrical network, and not changes in the operation of the electrical appliance. Change in current in the range of 5 up to 20% is optimal for the minimum set point. This range is optimal and allows you to determine with the required accuracy the nature of changes in the operation of the electrical appliance. In fact, the user can set any current change setting, changes below which are not taken into account, based on the goals and the sensitivity of the equipment. Transient processes in the power grid that take place at the moment of switching on / off the devices are from 400 to 1000 ms. This period of time varies depending on the consumers of electricity and is the most typical for electrical appliances included in local electrical networks.

In the considered method, it is assumed that instantaneous switching on / off of devices is extremely rare. Usually, there is at least a short period of time between switching on. The information and analytical system 5 verifies the nature of the current change and, if it is not possible to unambiguously identify the device (several options are suitable), uses the data of the current curve for a long period of time (different devices add their own characteristics to the current curve). Using the data of subsequent events, for example, if the iron and the refrigerator turned on at the same time, and the system could not separate them, then when one of the devices is turned off, the previous events can be identified from the earlier available system data.

The figures show the shape, amplitude and frequency of electrical signals characterizing the operation of a number of devices connected to the power grid: a kettle, an electric vacuum cleaner, an electric drill, a microwave oven. The diagrams / oscillograms (Fig. 3-8) show the amplitudes of the electric current, taken by the contactless Hall current sensor LEM at a current frequency of 50 Hz. The graphs clearly show the state of operation, shutdown of the device. In addition, in FIG. 7 shows the current pulses characteristic of a microwave oven, arising at the moment of its switching on.

FIG. Figures 9–11 show high-frequency current diagrams (oscillograms), which clearly demonstrate changes in current at the time of transient processes.

The high-frequency current diagram (oscillogram) in Fig. 9 shows the characteristic of the current during the operation of the refrigerator and its changes when the meat grinder is additionally connected to the network. The current increases abruptly at the moment of applying an additional load, and then the amplitude of the current during the operation of two devices significantly exceeds the amplitude of the current during the operation of one device.

The high-frequency current diagram (oscillogram) in Fig. 10 shows the characteristic of the current during operation of the refrigerator and its changes when the dishwasher is additionally connected to the network. The water pump and heater are running. A significant change in the current leads to a significant change in its curve. Turning on the heating element gives a slight jump in the modified current diagram.

The high-frequency current diagram (oscillogram) in Fig. 11 shows the characteristic of the current during operation of the refrigerator and its change when the washing machine is additionally connected to the network (water pumping phase). Heating does not turn on.

FIG. 12-14 show low-frequency current oscillograms, which clearly characterize the aggregate operation of a number of electrical appliances for a long period of time when they are turned on, turned off, and worked together. The presented diagrams show the change in current at multiple loads. They show that the nature of the curve differs depending on the connection / disconnection of electrical appliances, and even the eye can guess the shapes characteristic of the devices. Thus, in FIG. 12 is a multiple connection diagram, FIG. 13 is the same diagram with explanations of the changes.

The measurements were taken on July 20, 2019 and showed the following:

at 09:41:20 the computer is turned on;

at 09:43:00 the printer is turned on;

at 09:42:20 a page is printed, clipped with a slight jump in the curve;

the kettle is turned on at 09:47:00;

at 09:49:40 the kettle is turned off;

from 09:51:30 to 09:53:00 mixer operation;

from 09:54:00 to 09:55:00 microwave oven operation;

from 09:55:00 to 09:56:30 the printer was turned on;

at 09:58:00 the refrigerator turned on.

FIG. 14 shows a diagram of a low-frequency current taken from an oscilloscope, a grid step of 5 min, indicating electrical appliances with multiple loads. The measurements were made on December 17, 2019. The network was connected in turn and in some cases at the same time a refrigerator, kettle, boiler, heater, electric stove, pump, washing machine. Electrical appliances were periodically switched on and off. Changes in current characteristics are clearly shown in a diagram obtained from an oscilloscope.

The diagrams show how the current characteristics change depending on the connection and disconnection of various household appliances in the network.

When differences are detected in the mains current value exceeding the set value, the processor 3 after 50% of the transition period (set in the parameters) extracts from the memory block 9 the current values for the transient period and sends a block of received data containing the current values during the transition period. period, through the communication module 7 to the information and analytical system 5. Data block - data on the characteristics of the current for a period of time. The data block contains: device identifier, time stamps for receiving data, data of current values to time stamps. Device identifier - a numbered unique code of the device, stored in the device memory, transmitted to the analytical system as part of a data block. The information and analytical system can be implemented using existing BigDATA technologies. Information and analytical systems existing on the market of goods and services, for example GUAVUS, DATAROBOT, etc., with adaptation to the specified goals, or developed options for specific tasks using standard shells, software and programming languages can be used.

The information-analytical system 5 receives data blocks from the processor 3, records data blocks and stores current values for the entire observation period with reference to the identifier of the device from which the data blocks were received, and marks about transition periods with the recording of more detailed data for each transition period.

The information-analytical system 5 compares the data on the change in the current at a separate observation point for a set period of time with the data on the typical nature of transients stored in the information-analytical system 5, identifies the transient process, assigns an identifier to the transient process in accordance with the coincidences. Transient identification is the definition of what event occurred: if it coincided with any reference transient, for example, turning on the washing machine, then the washing machine was turned on; if, in general, it coincided with the reference process, but there are deviations, then there is a malfunction. By the types of deviations, the nature of the failure can be identified.

The end result is the receipt by the user of information about the state of the devices included in the circuit at a specified point in time, about the history of events for a period of time, and alarms by user-configurable events. The considered method allows you to identify events: switching on, off, normal operation and disturbances in the operation of electrical equipment.

Monitoring of events using the considered method can be carried out both at the point of connection of electrical equipment to the electrical network, and in the circuit of the electrical network, in which there are several electrical devices - consumers of electricity, provided that the circuit has one power point.

It is understood that the identification of events (inclusions, shutdowns, normal operation, disturbances in the operation of electrical equipment) allows detecting disturbances in the operation of technological systems immediately at the time of their occurrence (the onset or non-occurrence of an on / off event, deviations in operation) and to prevent more serious emergency situations.

In addition, the identification of such events can be useful, for example, for residential consumers and industrial consumers in order to form the schedules of these events, predict the load, develop measures to optimize energy consumption, or identify events that indicate security breaches or unauthorized actions.

In particular, one use case is to provide the user with an opportunity to increase care for their loved ones, for example, the older generation. For this purpose, the user can monitor the monitored apartment, house and receive information on the state of power supply of the monitored object on his smartphone. For example, you can set alarms on your smartphone for certain situations: the light did not turn on at normal times and for 30 minutes after dark; the electric stove has not been switched off for more than two hours, etc.

The essence of the invention is to provide the possibility of monitoring electrical parameters in the conductor supplying the monitored network segment (for example, in the case of a household consumer - the electrical network of a house or apartment), recording changes in characteristics over a period of time, comparing the recorded data with a set of data typical for the equipment in question , and identification of the event that occurred.

To implement the monitoring method, a system for monitoring energy consumption in a circuit in a separate section of an electrical network containing one or more electrical receivers can be used, contains a connecting node, which is understood as a point at which three (or more) conductors of an electrical circuit are connected. In our case, after the point of connection with the distribution network, at some distance, there is a branching of the supply conductor to supply a certain number of consumer devices. The method involves monitoring the section from the point of connection with the distribution network to the branch. The connecting node connects a separate section of the electrical network with the main (distribution) network. Electricity from the power supply 8 is supplied through the supply conductor. The system contains an electric current sensor 2. The sample uses two current sensors: a Rogowski Belt type current sensor and a Hall sensor for control duplication of the readings. Practice has shown that one sensor is enough. The sensor can be contactless, and data transmission can be carried out using a WiFi router.

This method can be implemented using standard equipment, instruments, software in the context of modern technical production.

Claims (9)

1. A method for monitoring energy consumption in a separate section of an electrical network, containing one or more electrical receivers associated with a source of electricity, configured to determine the parameters of the current of the specified isolated section of the electrical network, for example, a current sensor, characterized in that the information and analytical system contains information about the standard values of the characteristics of the current of each electrical receiver and / or the type of each electrical receiver, identifies each electrical receiver, forming a database of situations, then continuously measures and fixes the current value of the electric current of an isolated section of the electrical network for a specified period of time and compares it with the characteristics of the electric current of a separate section of the electrical network for the previous period of time, the data of continuous measurements are transmitted to the information and analytical system (IAS), in the event of a significant change in current, a transition period is recorded in which the network operating mode changes, reflecting switching on and / or switching off , and / or a change in the operating mode of the electrical receiver, the obtained values are transmitted to the information and analytical system (IAS), compared with the standard (typical) ones, recorded and saved, forming a database of working situations for each of the electrical receivers, based on the differences in the nature of changes between the newly determined (current) and standard values of the current of the corresponding electrical receiver, a conclusion is made on the basis of a database of situations about the operation of the corresponding electrical receiver. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a significant change in the current in the transient period of time is considered to be a change of 5–20%, the obtained values are transmitted to the information-analytical system (IAS). 3. The method according to claim. 1, characterized in that the transition period of time in which the change in the network operating mode, reflecting the switching on and / or switching off, and / or the change in the operating mode of the electrical receiver, is from 400 to 1000 ms. 4. The method according to claim. 1, characterized in that the standard values of the characteristics of current consumption by electrical consumers are determined by the results of operation in a single mode for a long period of time from 5 to 50 hours. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that if, in the case of comparing the newly determined and standard values of the current of the corresponding electrical receiver, it is not possible to unambiguously identify the device, the newly determined current values are compared with the current characteristics identified over a long period of time. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the long period of time is from 10 hours. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that only transient processes and low-frequency records of current values are sent to the information-analytical system.

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