RU2745689C1 - Installation for production of polymeric-bitumen binders - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: road construction.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an installation for the production of polymer-bitumen binders which can be used in road construction for asphalt mixtures, in industrial and civil construction for roofing and waterproofing works. The installation has a heat-insulated reactor vessel for mixing bitumen with modifying components, equipped with a heater and a stirrer, an aggregate pump, a pipeline system with taps and nozzles for supplying bitumen, modifying components and draining finished products, a control cabinet and a disperser, which is a rotor-stator with high shear force, located inside the reactor vessel and connected to an electric drive located outside the reactor vessel through a sealed outlet in one of the end walls of the reactor vessel.EFFECT: efficient production of high quality product for different climatic zones, reduction of unit power consumption, durability and ease of use.3 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of polymer-bitumen compositions based on petroleum bitumen. The resulting compositions can be used in road construction as a binder for asphalt concrete mixtures, in industrial and civil construction for roofing and waterproofing works.

Known installation for producing bitumen-polymer materials (patent RU 2264251, IPC B01J 19/18, publ. 20.11.2005), containing an apparatus with a stirring device with a branch pipe for supplying the gas phase, an external circulation circuit consisting of lines of polymer solution and vapors. The polymer solution line is additionally equipped with an apparatus with a mixing device in the form of a paddle mixer, fixed on a hollow shaft and forming a channel for supplying the gas phase. The external circuit of the unit circulation can be additionally equipped with a condenser installed on the vapor line and a condensate collector connected to the apparatus with a stirring device. Also, devices with stirring devices can be equipped with baffle plates installed inside on the walls of the devices with a gap between the blade and the baffle equal to b = (0.3 ÷ 3) h _m , where h _m is the height of the stirrer blade. Baffles are installed at an angle to the axis of the apparatus with a stirring device.

The disadvantage of the above invention is the uneven distribution of the components of the reaction mixture, as well as the uneven properties of the bitumen-polymer material throughout the volume of the reactor.

A device for producing a polymer-bitumen composition is known (patent RU 190772, IPC S10C 3/00, publ. 11.07.2019), including a container equipped with a heater, thermal insulation and a dispersant. The heater is a perforated fiberglass pipe with a heating element located inside its walls, which is used as a carbon fiber material. As a dispersant, a colloidal mill is used, which is a submersible mixer with a high shear force and has a rotor-stator nozzle to destroy the dispersed phase, and a sealed casing located around the container is used as thermal insulation.

The disadvantage of this device is the insufficiently uniform degree of dispersion of the polymer when obtaining a polymer-bitumen composition.

Closest to the claimed one is a device for the production of modified bitumen binder (patent RU 2627392, IPC B01F 3/14, publ. 08.08.2017), including a container for mixing bitumen with modifying components with oil heating coils, thermal insulation, lining with galvanized metal sheets , a hatch, a screw for feeding modifying components and a high-speed three-blade mixer with an electric drive, inlet and outlet pipes heated with thermal oil with ball valves for supplying, dispensing and / or circulating bitumen, a mixture of bitumen with a modifying component and / or ready modified bitumen, sequentially connecting the intake pipe from tanks, an electric pump with an inverter for supplying a mixture of bitumen with a modifying component to a colloidal mill, a colloidal mill and a discharge pipe into the tank, and an electrical control system. As a colloid mill, it contains a passive hydrodynamic disperser with a variable cross-section channel in a sealed housing for accelerating and decelerating a mixture of bitumen with a modifying component and a device in the form of rods that causes cavitation when the mixture flows around it, a heated bitumen filter installed between the tank and the pump, a bitumen temperature control sensor installed on the tank wall below the bitumen filling level, and a bitumen pressure control sensor with a separating membrane installed at the inlet to the disperser, a disperser washing unit as part of a tank for washing oil and an oil pump connected by pipes to the disperser inlet and outlet through three-way valves with the provision of flushing the disperser with an oil flow in the direction opposite to the direction of flow through the disperser in the bitumen modification cycle, as well as a mixer with an electric drive in the form of a paddle device in a cylindrical outer casing with an intake of a mixture of bitumen and mo of the modifier from the upper layers of the modified bitumen and moving them down the container.

The disadvantage of this device is its structural complexity, the use of separate units for mixing and dispersion, the need for multiple pumping to obtain a quality product, which requires significant energy costs. Also, the disadvantage is the impossibility of selecting the required operating speed for bitumen of various nature and various polymers on the disperser used in the device.

The technical problem of the claimed invention is the development of an installation for the production of polymer-bitumen binders, providing in one cycle: grinding, dissolution and the fastest uniform distribution of the modifier over the entire volume of bitumen.

The technical result consists in providing energy-efficient ripening and dispersion of the polymer in bitumen, in creating its homogeneous spatial structure, which allows maximum use of the elastic-elastic properties of the components, as well as their high uniformity of distribution over the entire volume of bitumen.

The technical problem and the claimed result are achieved by the fact that in an installation for the production of polymer-bitumen binders, including a thermally insulated reactor vessel for mixing bitumen with modifying components - a polymer, an adhesive additive and a plasticizer, equipped with a heater and a stirrer, an aggregate pump and a pipeline system with taps and nozzles for supplying bitumen, modifying components and draining finished products, a control cabinet and a disperser, according to the solution, the installation additionally contains a plasticizer tank, a plasticizer dosing tank and an adhesive additive tank, which are connected by a pipeline system to a reactor tank for mixing bitumen with modifying components , which is connected to the polymer hopper, and the disperser is located inside the reactor vessel and is a rotor-stator with a high shear force, which is connected to an electric drive located outside the reactor vessel through a sealed outlet at one of the ends s walls of the reactor vessel.

The polymer hopper is a loading unit with automatic feeding of the polymer into the reactor vessel by means of a screw auger.

The polymer hopper and all containers are equipped with strain gauges.

The invention is illustrated by a drawing, which shows a functional diagram of an installation for producing polymer-bitumen binders.

The positions in the drawing indicate:

1-8 - checkpoint valve;

9 - strain gauge sensor;

10 - heater;

11 - resistance thermocouple;

12 - upper level signaling device;

13 - low level signaling device;

14 - breathing valve;

15 - dispersant;

16 - stirrer;

17 - bitumen pumping unit (aggregate pump);

18 - polymer hopper;

19 - tank-reactor for mixing bitumen with modifying components;

20 - plasticizer capacity;

21 - capacity of the adhesive additive;

22 - plasticizer dosing capacity;

23 - feeding screw line;

24-30 - branch pipes;

31 - control cabinet.

Installation for the production of polymer-bitumen binders includes a horizontal cylindrical reactor (tank) 19 with a conical bottom, with thermal insulation, designed for mixing bitumen with modifying components.

The declared installation is of the container type, equipped with a ladder and a platform with a fence for maintenance.

To control the operation of the installation, there is a control cabinet 31. This is a rectangular structure made of metal with a lockable door, external design. Electrical equipment is installed inside, which controls and monitors the operation of the installation. The control system ensures the operation of the unit, both in manual and automatic modes. It is equipped with digital process indicators. The automation of the control panel provides temperature control, control of the pump, mixers, disperser, screw feed of polymer, as well as the introduction of a plasticizer and an adhesive additive. Allows you to work in automatic mode, weigh and dose products of a given technological process.

A heater 10 (a coil for oil heating of bitumen) is mounted inside the reactor vessel 19, which serves to regulate the temperature regime and a disperser 15, which is a rotor-stator with a high shear rate. Due to the constant speed, even with an increase in the viscosity of the product, its operation continues in the same mode, without changes. The disperser 15 is located at the end of the reactor vessel 19 and performs the function of grinding the polymer inside the reactor vessel (homogenization) - it combines, grinds and grinds in the total volume, where the polymer also ripens. Due to the internal location of the dispersant 15, the cyclicity of the polymer passage increases by hundreds of times, which improves the quality of the polymer-bitumen binder. The disperser meets the following characteristics: more thorough grinding and mixing of all the ingredients that make up the polymer-bit binder, ease of use. The disperser itself with an electric drive is connected by a clutch with a sliding cracker, which is designed to connect the electric motor to the mechanism. The sliding cracker is made of PCB, which reduces friction in the clutch, makes it electrically insulating, reduces the clutch mass and allows it to be used at high speeds.

Also inside the reactor vessel 19 there is a mechanical stirrer mechanism 16 in the form of a turbine, fixed on a shaft. It is connected to the drive by a sliding clutch. Provides intensive mixing, product homogeneity, polymer ripening process. The mixer is designed to obtain a homogeneous composition of the polymer-bitumen binder (PBB) and its uniform distribution. The turbine agitator drive is based on a two-stage cylindrical gear motor.

The high production efficiency of a quality product lies precisely in the complex operation of the 15 disperser and 16 mixer, but this does not exclude their work separately.

On one of the end sides of the reactor vessel 19, a resistance thermocouple 11 is installed to control the bitumen temperature, and on the opposite side there is an upper level signaling device 12 to determine the total volume. There is also a lower level indicator 13, which performs the function of determining the minimum volume.

Strain gauges 9, located under the supports of the reactor vessel 19, are designed for complete control of the technological process.

On the outside of the reactor vessel 19, there is a pipeline system, which is integrated with the passage valves 1-8, which are responsible for the sequence of the process, with the aggregate bitumen pump 17, which is a frame structure with an AC motor and is used for pumping bitumen and polymer-bitumen binder , with containers of plasticizer 20, adhesive additive 21 and dosing container 22. Containers 20, 21 and 22 are sheathed with heat-insulating material to reduce heat loss. There are 7 branch pipes in the pipeline system: branch pipe 24 performs the function of taking bitumen, adhesive additive and plasticizer into the system; nozzles 25, 27, 28 - universal, serve both for intake and discharge of the adhesive additive and plasticizer; branch pipe 26 is used for the circulation of the polymer-bitumen binder, as well as for draining the finished product; branch pipe 29 is designed to drain bitumen, adhesive additives, plasticizer into the reactor vessel; branch pipe 30 - discharge of finished products of polymer-bitumen binder. Such a pipeline system performs all the functions of the technological process.

The installation contains a breathing valve 14, which is located in the upper part of the reactor vessel 19 and reacts to pressure changes and the appearance of a vacuum. When the pressure or vacuum exceeds a predetermined rate, the valve plug rises, opening the passage for the process fluid. If the actuation of the valve is caused by unacceptable pressure parameters, then the valve releases excess medium into the atmosphere. If the actuation is due to a vacuum, then the valve opens, allowing air to enter the reactor vessel.

Outside there is a polymer bin 18 on strain gauges 9 designed for precise control of polymer dosage, connected by a feed screw line 23 to a reactor vessel 19. The polymer bin is a loading unit with automatic polymer feeding into a reactor vessel by means of a screw auger.

The installation can use both oil and electric heat carrier.

The installation works as follows.

Pre-fill the reactor vessel 19 with bitumen.

The operator on the control cabinet 31 of the automation switches on the switch "Start the installation".

Automation starts heating the pump and pipeline. In this case, all taps must be closed. When the required temperature of the pipeline (170-180 ° C) and the pump is reached, the corresponding signal lamps light up - "The pipeline is warmed up" and "The pump is warmed up". This creates a condition for allowing pump 17 to start.

The operator opens the passage valves 1, 3, all the rest are closed.

The operator turns on the pump 17 forward, the reactor tank 19 is replenished with bitumen.

объёма, автоматика включает в работу разогрев для подогрева и поддержания заданной температуры битума. При достижении заданной температуры битума в емкости-реакторе 19, зажигается лампа «Битум прогрет».When filling the reactor vessel 19 by

volume, the automation switches on the heating for heating and maintaining the set temperature of bitumen. When the set temperature of bitumen in the reactor vessel 19 is reached, the "Bitumen warmed up" lamp is lit.

, оператор выключает насос и закрывает кран 1, открывает кран 2, включает насос 17 назад, для продувки системы трубопровода, после чего закрывает краны 2, 3.When filling the reactor vessel 19 by

, the operator turns off the pump and closes the valve 1, opens the valve 2, turns on the pump 17 back to purge the pipeline system, and then closes the valves 2, 3.

After the bitumen in the reactor vessel 19 has warmed up to the desired temperature and the "Bitumen warmed up" lamp has lit, the polymer is mixed with bitumen. The operator pours the required amount of polymer according to the recipe into the polymer hopper 18. Includes turbine stirrer 16 and dispersant 15.

The operator turns on the screw 23 for feeding the polymer into the reactor vessel 19.

Then the plasticizer is mixed with bitumen.

To do this, the operator opens the valves 5, 6, 8 and turns on the pump 17 back.

The plasticizer from the plasticizer tank 20 enters the dosing tank 22, which stands on the strain gauges and fills it to the required volume according to a given recipe.

The operator closes the taps 5, 6 and opens the tap 3, turns on the pump 17 forward, the plasticizer is pumped from the container 22 to the reactor container 19.

Then the operator turns off the pump 17.

The operator turns off the polymer auger 23 if the entire volume has been added.

The final filling of the reactor vessel 19 with bitumen is carried out.

The operator closes valve 8, opens valve 1.

The operator turns on the pump 17 forward and pours bitumen to its full volume, without turning off the turbine mixer 16 and the disperser 15.

Then the operator closes the taps 1, 3 and opens the taps 2, 4. Turns the pump 17 forward and pours the tanker. He closes the tap 4, opens the tap 3, turns on the pump 17 back and blows the pipeline system. Then it closes the tap 2.

An example of a specific implementation.

Example 1. Preparation of PBV-60.

Initial bitumen - BND 60/90.

The temperature of the mixture during the preparation of modified bitumen is + 170-180 ° C.

Component ratio (mass):

BND 60 / 90-95%;

Plasticizer 2%

DST modifier - 3%.

Time of swelling (ripening), grinding of the modifier in heated bitumen - 50 min.

The time of the technological process: discharge of bitumen into the reactor vessel, introduction of a modifier, swelling (ripening), filling of finished products is 1 hour 50 minutes.

The whole process takes place in total, does not require additional operations.

The resulting polymer-bitumen binder increases the service life of the road surface by 2-3 times. Also, due to this, an increase in elasticity and resistance to deformation is achieved, an improvement in water drainage from the surface of a road surface, a decrease in tire wear on an asphalt surface, capable of withstanding the effects of low temperatures and temperature changes without destruction, as well as various deformations by introducing polymers.

At the same time, the claimed installation provides energy savings. The quality of the polymer-bitumen binder meets the requirements of GOST R 52056-2003, which is confirmed by the data obtained as a result of industrial pilot tests of the installation (see Table 1).

Table 1.

No. Indicator name, unit of measurement Requirements of GOST R 52056-2003 Test results Test Method Needle penetration depth, 0.1 mm:
at 25 ^о С
at 0 ^о С 60
32 74
34 GOST 11501-78 Elongation, cm,
at 25 ^о С
at 0 ^о С 25
eleven 67
28 GOST 11505-75 Softening temperature in the ring and ball, ^о С, not lower 54 63 GOST 11506-76 Brittleness temperature, ^о С -twenty -25 GOST 11507-78 Elasticity,%,
at 25 ^о С
at 0 ^о С 80
70 92
73 GOST 52056-2003 Changing the softening-ture, after heating at 163 ^{° C} (absolute value) five 3 GOST 18180-72
GOST 11506-76 Flash point, ^о С 230 274 GOST 4333 Adhesion to marble or sand Withstands according to control sample No. 2 Withstands GOST 11508
method A Uniformity uniformly uniformly GOST 52056-2003

The results of the experiments confirmed the possibility of modifying the bituminous binder on the claimed installation to obtain the most popular brands PBV 40, PBV 60 and PBV-90 in road construction, which meet the requirements of GOST R 52056-2003.

It should be noted that when modifying bitumen with solid granular polymers, which are dominated by polymers such as thermoplastic elastomers, the most complex technological processes and equipment that implements them are required. They require the creation of a continuous spatial lattice structure in the entire volume of the polymer-bitumen binder, since the solubility in bituminous fractions is limited. According to statistics, the predominant use for the modification of bitumen is a polymer of the class of styrene-butadiene styrene copolymers (SBS), therefore, the bitumen modified by them is called polymer-bitumen binder (PBB).

The proposed technical solution was developed for the purpose of energy saving, i.e. reduction of the unit costs of electricity, the manufacture of high quality produced modified bitumen for different climatic zones, durability and ease of use. The claimed installation can be used at enterprises engaged in the repair and manufacture of asphalt, soft roofs, waterproofing buildings.

Claims (3)

1. Installation for the production of polymer-bitumen binders, including a thermally insulated reactor vessel for mixing bitumen with modifying components - polymer, an adhesive additive, equipped with a heater and a stirrer, an aggregate pump and a pipeline system with taps and nozzles for supplying bitumen, modifying components and ready discharge products, a control cabinet and a disperser, characterized in that the installation additionally contains a plasticizer tank, a plasticizer dosing tank and an adhesive additive tank, which are connected by a pipeline system to a reactor tank for mixing bitumen with modifying components, which is connected to the polymer hopper, and a disperser is located inside the reactor vessel and is a rotor-stator with a high shear force, which is connected to an electric drive located outside the reactor vessel through a sealed outlet in one of the end walls of the reactor vessel. 2. Installation according to claim. 1, characterized in that the polymer hopper is a loading unit with automatic feeding of the polymer into the reactor vessel by means of a screw screw. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer hopper and all containers are equipped with strain gauges.

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