RU2743887C1 - Automated method for diagnostics of technical state of support-rod porcelain insulation in digital substations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power engineering, in particular to methods for diagnosing the technical condition of the support-rod porcelain insulation at digital substations.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an automated method for diagnosing the technical condition of the support-rod porcelain insulation at digital substations, which includes the impact on the insulator by means of a vibration exciter, evaluation of the response signal of the insulator, registration of the spectral density and measurement of its level with the peak of the fundamental tone, unlike the prototype, the signal about the state of each supporting porcelain insulator is transmitted through information exchange according to the IEC 61850-9-2LE protocol between microprocessor complexes to the automated workstation of the personnel of the electric power substation in real time, where the deviation from the readings of the previous responses is estimated and the critical state of each isolator is predicted in time, using the built-in self-adjusting training element of the software package. As part of the SCADA system, an increase or decrease in the time intervals for monitoring the state of the support insulators is set, in order to clarify the forecast of their preventive replacement and reduce the maintenance time of the support-rod insulators, which are quickly allocated to the critical replacement group.

EFFECT: prevents technological disturbances in real time when switching on and/or off disconnectors at power substations to reduce maintenance time.

1 cl, 1 tbl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of power engineering, and in particular to methods for diagnosing the technical condition of support-rod porcelain insulators of transformer and traction substations without taking out of service.

The problem of the reliability of power equipment that has developed the standard service life is very urgent, when optimizing costs, it is difficult to replenish the fleet with new equipment at a time [1].

The main reason for failures and accidents of power equipment at transformer and traction substations, of course, is the physical and moral deterioration of this equipment.

Support-rod porcelain insulation (columns of disconnectors, arresters, high-voltage bushings, strings of insulators of overhead lines, etc.) is the largest component of the equipment of electric power substations, which is subject to wear and tear. During long-term operation of rod-shaped porcelain insulators (OSI) due to the influence of external factors (moisture, temperature drops, mechanical loads) and internal factors (violation of manufacturing technology and quality of raw materials), cracks form in the volume of the insulating part of the porcelain insulator, which leads to destruction of the insulator under load.

The relevance of diagnostics and timely replacement of the support-rod porcelain insulation is due to a number of factors:

1. Prevention of technological disruption, which is the main indicator of reliability in the electric power industry;

2. Safety of the substation service personnel;

3. Optimization of the costs incurred for the operation of the substation and the lost profit from preventive and emergency repairs of its equipment.

A known method of non-contact remote diagnostics of the state of high-voltage insulators. When diagnosing an insulator, contactless reception of pulsed signals of partial discharges is carried out by an electromagnetic receiver (Patent RU No. 2679759 IPC G01R 31/12. Published: 12.02.2019 Bull. No. 5).

The disadvantage of this method is the use of a narrowly directed electromagnetic antenna and receiver. A large number of equipment used in the operation of the substation interferes with the transmission of signals, thereby reducing the reliability of the diagnostic system.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed solution is a diagnostic method, the essence of which is to influence the insulator by means of a vibration exciter and evaluate the insulator response signal by the level of the fundamental tone (Patent RU No. 2275647, IPC G01R 31/00. Published: 27.04.2006, Bul . No. 12).

The advantage of the known device is the ability to perform diagnostics without taking the equipment out of operation.

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of automation of the process of diagnostics of insulators and a long service time during the operation of support-rod insulation.

The proposed technical solution allows you to eliminate these disadvantages.

The objectives of the claimed invention are:

1) Providing diagnostics of support-rod insulation in real time;

2) Reduction of emergency equipment failures at power substations;

3) Safety of the serviced personnel when switching on and / or disconnecting high-voltage equipment of an electric power substation.

The technical result of the invention is the prevention of technological violations in real time when switching on and / or off disconnectors at power substations to reduce the time of maintenance.

The present technical result is achieved by means of an automated method for diagnosing the technical condition of the support-rod porcelain insulation at digital substations. The impact on the insulator occurs by means of a vibration exciter, after which the response signal of the insulator with spectral density is estimated and its level with the peak of the fundamental tone is measured, and the signal about the state of each supporting porcelain insulator is received through information exchange according to the IEC 61850-9-2LE protocol between microprocessor complexes on an automated workstation (AWS) for power substation personnel in real time, where the deviation from the readings of previous responses is assessed and the critical state of each insulator is predicted in time. With the help of the built-in self-adjusting training element of the software complex, as part of the SCADA system, an increase or decrease in the time intervals for monitoring the state of the support insulators is set, in order to clarify the forecast of their preventive replacement and reduce the maintenance time of the OSI, which are quickly allocated to the critical replacement group.

Distinctive features are:

an embedded software package is used as a self-adjusting teaching element of the SCADA system;

the basis of the software complex, as part of the SCADA system, is based on the principle of forecasting using an artificial neural network (ANN), which includes:

- short-term forecasting with advance on-line up to 10-15 days;

- medium-term forecasting with a lead time of 20 to 60 days;

- long-term forecasting with a lead time of up to 1.5 years;

the signal about the state of the supporting porcelain insulator at the workstation of the personnel of the electric power substation is received through information exchange according to the IEC 61850-9-2LE protocol between microprocessor complexes in real time for each insulator, this makes it possible to prevent technological violations in the on-line mode when switching on and / or disconnecting disconnectors at power substations;

on the AWP using the software complex, as part of the SCADA system, on the basis of an artificial neural network, the deviation with the readings of the previous responses is assessed and the critical state of each insulator is predicted in time, which makes it possible to accurately determine the time for replacing the insulator

on the AWP using the built-in self-adjusting training element of the software complex, as part of the SCADA system, an increase or decrease in the time intervals for monitoring the state of the support insulators is set, in order to clarify the forecast of their preventive replacement and reduce the maintenance time;

support insulators, which, by means of the ANN forecast, do not correspond to the specified indicators of technical reliability and the reference values of the spectral shape, are allocated to the critical replacement group;

with the automated control of the OSI using the ANN, it becomes possible to switch from scheduled preventive maintenance to maintenance repair.

Comparison of the proposed solution with analogs and the prototype did not allow to identify in them the features that distinguish the proposed solution, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "novelty" is met.

The drawing shows a diagram of diagnostics of the technical condition of support-rod porcelain insulators in the system of collection, processing, display and monitoring of SCADA data in real time, including: 1 - support-rod porcelain insulator; 2 - emitter of sound vibrations; 3 - accelerometer; 4 - block receiving the response; 5 - information exchange under the IEC 61850-9-2LE protocol between microprocessor complexes; 6 - unit for displaying and archiving information about insulators; 7 - automated workstation; 8 - SCADA system.

An automated method for diagnosing the technical condition of support-rod insulation at digital substations is carried out as follows.

On the support-rod porcelain insulators 1 set the emitter of sound vibrations 2 and the accelerometer 3. The accelerometer is a measuring device designed to measure the state of the insulator body by the spectral density of the vibration power [3; 4, p. eleven].

An emitter of sound vibrations (acoustic emitter) is a device designed to excite acoustic waves in gaseous, liquid and solid media. Sound emitters convert energy of any other type into sound field energy [5]. A signal in the frequency range of 500-20000 Hz is supplied to the emitter 2 by means of a sound oscillator. Accelerometer 3 registers the readings, processes the signal, as a result of which the frequency response of the insulator is obtained. The data is transmitted to the receiving response unit 4, after which, according to the IEC 61850-9-2LE protocol, information is transmitted 5 to the unit for displaying and archiving information about the insulators 6, then to the automated workstation 7 of the electric power substation personnel through the aggregate SCADA system 8.

SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) is a software package designed to develop or provide real-time operation of systems for collecting, processing, displaying and archiving information about a monitoring or control object [6].

In decision block 4, according to a given algorithm, the frequency response of the insulator is processed according to the form of the spectral density of the vibration power. The signal about the state of each supporting porcelain insulator is sent to the automated workstation 7 of the power substation personnel in real time.

On AWP 7, using the software complex, as part of the SCADA system, on the basis of an artificial neural network, the deviation with the readings of the previous responses is estimated and the state of each isolator is predicted in time using the data of the block 6 for displaying and archiving information about the isolators, with the presentation on the screen of a table with decreasing indicator of the critical states. On AWP 7, according to a special algorithm with self-adjusting training elements of the SCADA 8 system, time intervals for technical control of supporting insulators are set to clarify the forecast of their preventive replacement, in conditions of a nonlinear change in the critical state indicator. According to the refined data of the table [7] of decreasing indicators of the critical state of insulators, a decision is made by the higher operational personnel of the electric power industry entity about the critical insulator included in the replacement group in order to promptly optimize the supporting porcelain insulators at this substation.

Sources of information

1. Lukovenko A.S. Improving the reliability of equipment for electrical substations of traction power supply when operating in critical modes / A.S. Lukovenko, P.M. Khrisinich // ELECTRO. Electrical engineering, power engineering, electrical industry. - 2016. - No. 2. - S. 36-40. - ISSN 1995-5685.

2. Patent RU No. 2679759, IPC G01R 31/12. Published: 12.02.2019, Bul. No. 5.

3. Patent RU No. 2275647, IPC G01R 31/00. Published: 27.04.2006, Bul. No. 12.

4. GOST 18955-73 Low-frequency linear accelerometers. Terms and Definitions.

5. Sound emitters // URL: http://knowledge.Su/i/izluchateli-zvuka.

6. SCADA // URL: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCADA.

7. TsE / N 197-5 / 3 Technological maps for the maintenance and repair of overhead line devices of electrified railways. Book I. Overhaul TECHNOLOGICAL MAP N 6.20.

Claims (1)

An automated method for diagnosing the technical condition of the support-rod porcelain insulation at digital substations, which includes impact on the insulator by means of a vibration exciter, evaluating the response signal of the insulator, recording the spectral density and measuring its level with a pitch peak, characterized in that the signal about the state of each reference porcelain insulator is supplied through information exchange according to the IEC 61850-9-2LE protocol between microprocessor complexes to the automated workstation of power substation personnel in real time, where the deviation from the readings of previous responses is assessed and the critical state of each insulator is predicted in time using the built-in self-adjusting training an element of the software complex, as part of the SCADA system, an increase or decrease in the time intervals for monitoring the state of support insulators is set, in order to clarify the forecast of their preventive replacement and reducing the time for maintenance of support-rod insulators, which are quickly allocated to the critical replacement group.

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