RU2743128C1 - Method of manufacturing a decorative element and a bending block for a forging machine for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metal processing.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used in the manufacture of decorative artistic elements in the form of a tight curl. Preliminary preparation of the end of the workpiece and preliminary bending are carried out in accordance with the design of the tight curl. Then the workpiece is twisted in the bending block. The block contains an eccentric roll, fixed on the working shaft of the forging machine, a device for making a tight curl, having a movable part in the form of a lever made with the possibility of adjusting the angle of its rise, and a screw for fixing the workpiece. Before twisting, adjust the angle of the lever to obtain the desired tight curl design. The heated workpiece is mounted on a device for making a tight curl, fixed with a screw and twisted by means of an eccentric roll, which is brought into rotation during the forging machine.

EFFECT: said invention makes it possible to obtain a tight curl of various densities.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the processing of metals, namely to the deformation of workpieces, and can be used in the manufacture of decorative artistic elements, such as "tight curl" from rolled metal of circular section, square section, steel strip, etc.

From the existing prior art there is known a method of manufacturing a decorative element in the form of a curl by hot forging using the well-known jig for artistic forging "snail", which consists in heating a metal blank so that the metal becomes softer and more ductile, then the end of the bar is clamped in the center of the spiral jig for artistic forging, and then the workpiece is bent along the outer surface of the jig. On the simplest equipment, a master with a workpiece walks around the device, manually and using a lever, placing it in the jig. When using a movable device, a lever is used to rotate. The jig can be positioned horizontally and be made as a device with a handwheel when the die rotates vertically. Forging with manual bending is possible on small bar sections (up to 12 mm). Source: https://metalloy.ru/stanki/dlya-kovki/ustrojstvo-ulitki.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is large labor costs during use, the master must have great physical strength to get the final element, each size of the decorative element needs its own components, the device is not universal. Also, making a "tight curl" using this device is not possible.

The closest technical solution is the forging unit described in the utility model patent RU No. 192644 (published 09/25/2019). A forging block for profiling pipes of a square cross-section, containing a housing in which a profiling unit, an eccentric unit and a unit for their connection with a gear motor are installed, and the profiling and eccentric units are made in the form of rollers located on two parallel and kinematically interconnected leading and driven shafts mounted for rotation in bearing supports rigidly fixed in the housing, the rollers of the profiling unit are installed coaxially with the shafts, made of different diameters and with a central protrusion on the outer surface to ensure deformation of the pipe being processed during its rolling inward and are separated by pressure washers to form a passage for a pipe to be processed having a closed profile, and the rollers of the eccentric unit are cylindrical of different diameters and installed with an offset relative to the axes of the driving and driven shafts.

This forging block is designed for flattening the end and forming a “foot” of the end part of a square tube, as well as a “goose foot” brace from a full-bodied square bar, preheated. The second function of this forging block is profiling along the length of square pipes, namely, rolling a groove (trough-shaped groove) along the walls of a square pipe. Thus, on the above-described forging block, there is no technical possibility and equipment for obtaining a decorative element of the forging "tight curl".

The objective of the claimed invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages.

The technical result of the claimed group of inventions is to create the possibility of obtaining a decorative forging element "tight curl" of different density (twisting) from the preheated end of the workpiece with a loose end.

To achieve the specified technical result, a method for manufacturing a decorative element and a bending block for a forging machine is proposed for its implementation. The method for making a decorative element includes preliminary preparation of the end of the workpiece, preliminary bending of the end of the workpiece based on the design of the tight curl, and before twisting the decorative element, the angle of lifting of the lever of the device for making the tight curl is adjusted in order to obtain the required design of the tight curl, setting the workpiece on the device for making the tight curl, fixing the workpiece with a screw, twisting the decorative element using a forging machine with a bending block installed. A bending block for a forging machine consists of an eccentric unit, a unit for making a tight curl, and the unit for making a tight curl is made in the form of a device for making a tight curl, fixed on the body of the forging machine, while one of the parts of the device is movable with the ability to adjust the angle of rise , and includes a screw for fixing the workpiece, and the eccentric unit is made in the form of an eccentric roll, fixed on the working shaft of the forging machine. The eccentric roll can be secured through the torque key.

Figures 1 and 2 show a bending unit for a forging machine, namely: figure 1 shows a diagram of the assembly of a bending unit on a forging machine, figure 2 shows a bending unit assembled, where:

1- working shaft of the machine;

2- device for making tight curls

3- eccentric roll;

4- key for torque transmission;

5- washer;

6.8 - screws for fastening the accessories to the forging block;

6- screw-beacon of position of the eccentric roll

9 - workpiece fixation feint;

10- screw for adjusting the position of the lever of the device for making a tight curl;

11- grooves for preliminary bending of the end of the workpiece.

The inventive method for manufacturing a decorative element is carried out using the inventive bending block for a forging machine and consists of the following stages:

a) preparation of the end of the blank for the manufacture of a decorative element;

b) pre-bending the end of the blank based on the tight curl design;

c) adjusting the angle of elevation of the taut curl arm to obtain the desired taut curl design;

d) installation of a preheated workpiece on a device for making a tight curl;

e) fixing the workpiece with the workpiece fixing screw;

f) twisting the decorative element by driving the forging machine with the bending unit installed.

The prepared end of the workpiece for the manufacture of a decorative element is considered to be forging the end of the workpiece in the form of a “goose foot” element heated in a forge or any other device (gas furnaces, spectacle furnaces, slot furnaces, oil furnaces, etc.). The preliminary bending of the heated end of the workpiece can be carried out in the recesses for preliminary bending of the end of the workpiece 11, made from the end part of the device for preliminary bending, according to the design of the tight curl to be obtained. If it is necessary to get a tight tight curl, then it is necessary to make a small bend of the end of the workpiece, if it is necessary to obtain a less dense tight curl, then the bend should be performed more. Thus, the larger the bend, the less dense tight curl will result from the implementation of the proposed method. With the help of bolt 10, the user adjusts the lifting angle of the lever of the device for making a tight curl based on the fact that for a tighter tight curl, a position close to the horizontal is required, that is, the lifting angle should be small, and for a less dense tight curl or ring curl, the angle there should be more lift. Further, the user makes additional heating of the workpiece to increase the plasticity of the material and installs it on the device for making a tight curl, fixes the workpiece with a screw 9, brings the forging machine into operation, thereby the shaft of the forging machine transfers rotation to the eccentric roll 3 and the eccentric roll twists the workpiece in the shape of a tight curl ... To obtain the most identical decorative elements in the form of tight curls, it is required to warm up the workpiece to the same degree, carry out the same preliminary bending of the workpieces and adhere to the same lifting angle of the lever of the device for making a tight curl.

The bending block for the forging machine is installed as an additional block of equipment on the forging machine and includes a device for making a tight curl 2, fixed on the body of the forging machine, one of the parts of which is movable in such a way that it is possible to adjust the angle of lifting of the lever position with a screw 10 The device for making a tight curl includes a workpiece fixing screw for clamping the workpiece during the tight curl twisting process, as well as an eccentric roll that is fixed on the working shaft of the forging machine and can be fixed through a torque transmission key or other technologically possible element. In the device for making a tight curl, recesses can be made for preliminary bending of the workpiece. When starting the forging machine, on which additional equipment is installed in the form of a forging unit, the machine shaft drives the eccentric roll 3 and twists the workpiece in the form of a tight curl. The appearance of the products obtained is given in Appendix 1.

A method for manufacturing a decorative element and a bending block for a forging machine for its implementation work as follows:

The user carries out the installation of the bending block on a forging machine, on which it is technically possible to install the claimed bending block. Next, the user prepares the end of the blank for making a decorative element, forges the end of the blank in the form of a “goose foot” element and heats it up. At the next stage, the user makes a preliminary bend of the end of the workpiece according to the design of the future tight curl. In order to obtain a tighter curl, the user sets the lever angle of the device for making tight curls equal to about 10 °, after which he performs additional heating of the folded end of the blank, if necessary. At the next stage, the user installs the prepared workpiece on a device for making a tight curl, fixes the workpiece with a workpiece fixing screw, brings the forging machine with an installed bending unit into operation, thereby the roll twists the workpiece into a tight curl. If the user wishes to obtain a less tight curl, he sets the arm angle of the tight curl attachment to approximately 20-45 °.

No technical solutions have been identified that coincide with the totality of essential features of the claimed invention, which makes it possible to conclude that the claimed invention complies with such a condition of patentability as "novelty".

The claimed essential features predetermining the receipt of the specified technical result do not explicitly follow from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that the claimed invention complies with such a condition of patentability as "inventive step".

Claims (4)

1. A method of manufacturing a decorative element in the form of a tight curl, including twisting a workpiece in a bending block on a forging machine, characterized in that preliminary preparation of the end of the workpiece and preliminary bending of the heated end of the workpiece are carried out in accordance with the design of the tight curl, after which the workpiece is twisted, which is carried out in a bending unit containing an eccentric roll fixed on the working shaft of the forging machine, a device for making a tight curl fixed on the forging machine body, having a movable part in the form of a lever made with the possibility of adjusting the angle of its rise, and a screw for fixing the workpiece, while before twisting the workpiece, the angle of the lever is adjusted to obtain the required design of a tight curl, the workpiece, heated to increase the plasticity of the material, is installed on a device for making a tight curl, a screw is fixed on the said device ohm and twist it by means of an eccentric roll, which is set in rotation during the operation of the forging machine. 2. A bending block for a forging machine, designed to twist a workpiece in the manufacture of a decorative element in the form of a tight curl, characterized in that it contains an eccentric roll made with the possibility of fixing on the working shaft of the forging machine with ensuring the transmission of torque from the working shaft, made with the possibility of fixing on the body of the forging machine a device for making a tight curl, having a movable part in the form of a lever, made with the possibility of adjusting the angle of its rise, and a screw for fixing the workpiece on the device for making a tight curl. 3. A bending unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the eccentric roll is adapted to be fixed on the working shaft of the forging machine, ensuring that torque is transmitted to it from the working shaft by means of a key. 4. A bending unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the device for making a tight curl is made with recesses for preliminary bending of the end of the blank in accordance with the design of the tight curl.

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