RU2739047C1 - Method of obtaining surfaces by caricaturing with abrasive particles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of wood products, surface of which is carved with abrasive particles, such as quartz or electrocorundum. Scope of application is tribotechnical tests for abrasive wear. Abrasive particles are applied by sandblasting method on the planed surface of a wood board, on which metal grid is pre-fixed. Grid is fixed with arrangement of row of its cells at angle of 45° to shield side. Grid thickness is equal to half the size of abrasive particles, and linear dimensions of grid cell exceed size of abrasive particles by not less than 4 times. After application of abrasive particles their surplus protruding above the grid is removed and the grid is removed. Introduction of abrasive particles in shield surface is carried out by metal roller moving on it.

EFFECT: result is providing uniform density of abrasive particles.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a technology for producing wood products, for example, boards or glued panels, the surface of which is caricatured with abrasive particles such as quartz or electrocorundum. The field of application of such products is tribotechnical tests for abrasive wear.

There is a known method of caricature of surfaces with abrasive grains, in which abrasive grains are pressed into the caricated surface with a hard punch after their preliminary distribution on the punch, pouring with water and freezing, which reduces the destruction of abrasive grains (patent No. 982884, class B24D 17/00, publ. 23.12 .1982).

However, this method is rather complicated and time consuming.

There is also a known method of caricature of surfaces with abrasive grains, in which the abrasive grains are preliminarily placed in the intermediate element of the lamellar material and are pressed into the surface to be carded with a hard punch (patent No. 1738620, class В24В 57/00, B24D 18/00, publ. 07.06.1992 g.).

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of its implementation and limited applicability for caricature of materials with a sufficiently high hardness.

There is a known method of caricature of surfaces with abrasive grains, which makes it possible to reduce the destructibility of abrasive grains when they are caricatured due to indentation with comprehensive volumetric uniform compression of grains by plastic deformation of the intermediate material (patent No. 1283065, class В24В 57/00, publ. 15.01.1987).

However, this method is rather complicated, it requires additional heating of the deformable material to its melting point, which does not allow its use for caricature of wood.

There is a known method of caricature of the surface, including the application to the surface of the body of an abrasive material and the introduction of the material into the surface using a special tool by exposing the tool to a periodically increasing dynamic load and moving the tool parallel to the surface with a constant load in the interval between the impact of dynamic load (patent No. 982872, cl. В24В 1/00, publ. 23.12.1982).

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of calculating the main parameters of the process and the equipment used.

A known method of distributing diamond grains using a fabric mesh before being pressed into the working surface of the tool with a punch (US patent No. 2424140).

However, this method does not provide thickness uniformity of diamond grains and preservation of their integrity when caricatured.

The aim of the invention is to ensure a uniform surface density of the caricatured abrasive particles, which is a prerequisite for using caricatured materials in tribotechnical tests of materials with low mechanical properties - wood.

This goal is achieved by the fact that a method for obtaining surfaces, caricatured by abrasive particles, including the introduction of an abrasive material into the surface under the action of a load, characterized in that the abrasive particles are sandblasted onto the planed wood surface, on which the metal mesh is preliminarily fixed, laying it at an angle 45 °, while the thickness of the mesh is taken to be equal to half the size of the abrasive particles, and the linear dimensions of the mesh cell must exceed the size of the abrasive particles by at least 4 times, after the excess of the abrasive protruding above the mesh, the mesh is removed and removed, and the abrasive charging is ensured by completely indenting evenly distributed abrasive particles into the wood by a moving metal roller.

To ensure a uniform surface density of the charged particles, a metal mesh is used, the linear dimensions of the cell, which depend on the size of the abrasive particles.

The figure shows a diagram of the location of the metal mesh of the surface of the wood and sandblasting with abrasive particles.

Birch was taken as wood in comparative tests for wear resistance, since it has a relatively homogeneous structure, high mechanical characteristics and, therefore, should hold well the abrasive particles caricatured in it. To obtain the surface used in the tests from planed birch boards, shield 1 was glued and the surface was obtained by processing it on a thicknessing machine SR6-9. The dimensions of the shield were 350 mm by 550 mm.

Then, a metal mesh 2 with a cell size of 2 mm by 2 mm and a thickness of 0.3 mm was attached to the shield 1 in such a way that the direction of the row of cells made an angle of 45 ° with respect to the side of the shield 1. Shield 1 was subjected to sandblasting. Quartz sand of fractions over 0.315 to 0.63 mm in accordance with GOST 8736-2014 was used as abrasive particles. After sandblasting, excess abrasive 3 protruding above the mesh was removed, mesh 2 was removed, and shield 1 with applied abrasive 3 was passed between metal rollers (conventionally not shown) in such a way that abrasive particles 3 were pressed into the wood of shield 1, forming a caricated surface with particles of uniform surface density. By changing the wood species, the grain size of the abrasive particles and the distance to the shield during sandblasting, it is possible to obtain friction surfaces of various wear capacity, which will allow simulating the process of wear of parts and devices in contact with the abrasive caricatured in the wood during operation. The wear capacity of such surfaces, in addition to the characteristics of abrasive particles, is determined by the degree of their fixation in wood.

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining a caricatured surface of a shield made of wood, including the introduction of abrasive particles into the surface of the shield under the action of a load, characterized in that a metal mesh having a thickness equal to half the size of abrasive particles and cells with linear dimensions, not less than than 4 times larger than the size of abrasive particles, while the mesh is fixed to ensure that a number of its cells are located at an angle of 45 ° to the side of the shield, the application of abrasive particles to the surface of the shield is carried out by sandblasting, after which the excess abrasive particles protruding above the mesh are removed and removed. the mesh, and the introduction of abrasive particles into the surface of the shield is carried out by moving a metal roller over it.

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