RU2738501C1 - Downhole filter cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil, gas and coke-chemical industries.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oil and gas industry, specifically to cleaning filters from colmation. Device includes control unit on surface, downhole part of device, which contains brush unit and installed in tight housing unit drive, oscillation generator, geophysical cable. Control unit is made in the form of system unit with monitor. In the downhole part of the device there is a fixing unit, a drive of the block of brushes connected to the block of brushes through a transfer mechanism having one input shaft and two output shafts. Brush unit is made in the form of two brush disks. Device includes downhole sensors and downhole controller of sensors, to input of which they are connected, and which output is connected through geophysical cable to system unit, downhole control controller connected by well control line with fixing unit, generator of oscillations, drive of brushes unit and with geophysical cable and further with system unit. Brush block is made in the form of two brush disks, made with possibility of rotation in opposite sides and having brushes in the form of sector with wire, and holder, in which a hole of elongated shape is made, through which cylindrical hinge extends. Brush disks contain radial rods installed inside cylinders and having thrusts, concentrically to radial rods there are springs resting against stops and holders.

EFFECT: providing visual control of the device position, monitoring and efficient control of the cleaning process, preventing twisting of the cable.

8 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry, specifically to the cleaning of downhole filters from clogging.

Known acoustic method decolmatation filter using magnetostrictive or piezoelectric emitters of ultrasonic vibrations (see the book. "Restoration of the flow rate of water wells" M .: Agropromizdat, 1987, Authors B.C. Alekseev, V.G. Grebennikov, p. 156). The method has a wide spectrum of frequencies of the emitted vibrations, the ability to generate a high-energy cavitation flow of liquid, which allows destruction of bridging agents of various types. In addition, when ultrasonic vibrations are generated in a liquid medium, there is an effect of its disinfection and suppression of the development of biological organisms. The disadvantage of this method is that its application requires the dismantling of the water-lifting equipment every time the well productivity decreases to a critical level.

The known method and device for regular cleaning of the near-filter zone of vertical wells without dismantling the water-lifting equipment according to RF patent No. 2612046. The device contains an acoustic emitter and its delivery means in the form of lift equipment, which are located inside the filter space and are connected, respectively, by an electrical connection cable with the lift equipment control panel and a generator of high-frequency electrical oscillations. The control panel and the generator of electrical oscillations are located on the ground. The lift equipment is fixed on the lower part of the submersible pump and produces a reciprocating movement (up-down and back) of the acoustic radiator along the axis of the downhole filter.

The acoustic radiator consists of a chain of interconnected sectors (blocks) located along the filter axis and made of sealed cylindrical housings, the symmetry axes of which are perpendicular to the filter axis. In the case of each unit, two ultrasonic oscillatory systems are installed, the operation of which is based on the use of piezoelectric (piezoceramic) or magnetostrictive transducers of electrical vibrations into mechanical ones. The working surfaces of the waveguides-instruments (sources of ultrasonic vibrations) are directed in opposite directions to the inner surface of the filter. The axes of symmetry of the blocks relative to each other are located at an angle equal to a multiple of dividing 180 ° by their number (like a circular fan). Depending on the size of the projection of the ultrasonic flow (from one source), such a number of blocks are installed on the inner surface of the filter, at which the total ultrasonic flow (from all sources), when moving the acoustic emitter, affects the entire inner surface of the filter. A chain of blocks in the form of a garland is fixed along the filter axis using two fan-shaped sets of flexible centralizer rods located perpendicular to the filter axis in the upper and lower parts of the garland.

The disadvantage of this acoustic emitter is that with small dimensions of the inner diameter of the borehole filter, it is possible to use only small-sized ultrasonic oscillatory systems with limited dimensions of the working surface of the waveguide-tool. Such sources of ultrasonic vibrations have small dimensions of the projection of the ultrasonic flow onto the filter; therefore, a large number of ultrasonic transducer units are required, which significantly complicates the design of the acoustic emitter.

Known device for cleaning the well filter according to RF patent No. 2672074, IPC E21B 37/08, publ. 11/09/2018, prototype.

This device contains one unit of ultrasonic transducers, base plates, a rotation unit and an electric motor are installed above and below the unit. The device has the form of a garland of the following elements connected in series: an upper base plate, a rotation unit, a unit of ultrasonic transducers, an electric motor and a lower base plate. The base plates are located perpendicular to the filter axis and have flexible centralizing rods around the perimeter. With the help of an electric motor, rotational oscillations of the unit are produced at an angle equal to 180 °, like a clock pendulum, while ultrasonic flows of liquid from the working surfaces of the waveguides-instruments scan the inner surface of the filter along the entire circumference of the filter by 360 °. Simultaneously with this process, using the delivery means, reciprocating movements of the acoustic emitter along the filter axis are carried out. Thus, they provide consistent treatment of the entire inner surface of the well filter with directed ultrasonic fluid flows and regular cleaning of the near-filter zone of the well without dismantling the water-lifting equipment.

As an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic vibrating system with a large vibration amplitude is used, as described in RF patent No. 2465071. The design of the oscillating system has the shape of a body of revolution and consists of at least two disk piezoelectric elements located between the reflective and concentrating pad with a waveguide-tool at the end in the shape of a disk. Piezoelectric elements and overlays are placed in a cylindrical glass with threaded ties at the ends. When electric pulses are applied to the piezoelectric elements, mechanical ultrasonic vibrations are formed, which are transmitted through a concentrating pad to the working surface of the waveguide-instrument.

Disadvantages: delivery systems have not been developed and no mechanical treatment of the well screen is used.

Known device for cleaning the well filter according to RF patent No. 2392178, IPC E21B 37/08, publ. 09/27/2009, prototype.

This is a device for cleaning a downhole filter, including a control unit on the surface, and a downhole part of the device containing a brush unit with a drive unit and an oscillator installed in a sealed housing and a means for delivering to the bottom of the well and supplying electricity, while serving as a means of delivery and supply electricity use a geophysical cable, the oscillator is installed in a sealed case

Disadvantages:

- lack of control over the operation of the device,

- lack of effective management of the cleaning process,

- impossibility of precisely coordinating the work of two propellers and excluding twisting of the geophysical cable.

Tasks of the invention: provision of visual control of the position of the device and provision of control and management of the cleaning process.

The achieved technical results: ensuring control of the device position, the main parameters of its operation and effective control of the cleaning process.

The solution to these problems has been achieved in a device for cleaning a downhole filter, including a control unit on the surface, and a downhole part of the device containing a brush unit and a unit drive, an oscillation generator, a means for delivering the downhole part of the device to the bottom of the well, installed in a sealed housing deliveries use a geophysical cable, in that the control unit is made in the form of a system unit with a monitor, and a fixing unit is installed in the downhole part of the device, the drive of the brush unit is connected to the brush unit through a transmission mechanism having one input shaft and two output ones, the brush unit is made in in the form of two brush disks, downhole sensors and a downhole sensor controller, to the input of which they are connected, and the output of which is connected via a geophysical cable to the system unit, and a downhole control controller is installed, connected by a downhole control line with a fixing unit, an oscillation generator, a block drive scho to and with a geophysical cable and then - with a system unit, the brush unit is made in the form of two brush disks, made with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions and having brushes in the form of a sector with a wire, and a holder in which an oblong-shaped hole is made through which passes a cylindrical hinge, brush disks contain radial rods installed inside the cylinders and having stops, springs are installed concentrically with the radial rods, abutting against the stops and holders.

The transmission mechanism can be made in the form of a differential planetary gearbox or multiplier with one input and two output shafts.

An ultrasonic generator can be used as a vibration generator.

A vibrator can be used as an oscillator.

The geophysical cable can be connected via a cable lug to the oscillator, the drive of the brush unit and the fixation unit.

The hermetically sealed body can be made with a pressure and thermal expansion compensator.

The unit of brushes can be configured to create rotational and oscillatory movements.

A modem can be installed on the surface, connected to the system unit and the Internet.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in the drawings (Fig. 1 ... 5), where:

- in Fig. 1 shows a general diagram of a downhole filter cleaning device, including a surface part and a downhole part;

- in Fig. 2 shows the downhole part of the device, the first version;

- in Fig. 3 shows a diagram of measurement and control;

- in Fig. 4 is a drawing of the transmission mechanism '

- in Fig. 5 is a drawing of the brush unit, section A-A.

List of notation used in the description

1.casing 1,

2.borehole filter 2,

3.productive layer 3,

4.perforated pipe 4.

5.filter element 5,

6. downhole part of the device 6.

7.sealed body 7,

8. oscillator 8,

9.delivery system 9,

10.cable lug 10,

11.geophysical cable 11,

12.coil 12,

13.system unit 13,

14.electric connections 14,

15.power supply 15,

16.monitor 16.

17. cable length measurement sensor 17,

18.surface 18,

19.drive 19,

20. drive switch 20,

21.brake 21,

22.brake switch 22,

23.controller 23,

24.Upper sensor controller 24,

25. block of brushes 25,

26.brush disc 26,

27.transmission mechanism 27,

28. drive of brushes 28,

29. drive shaft 29,

30.central wheel 30,

31. sun wheel 31,

32.satellites 32,

33.axis 33,

34. carrier 34,

35. external output shaft 35,

36.inner output shaft 36,

37. pressure and temperature expansion compensator 37,

38. acoustic emitters 38,

39.brush speed sensor 39,

40. vibration amplitude sensor 40,

41. vibration frequency sensor 41,

42. downhole sensor controller 42,

43. downhole control controller 43,

44. downhole control wires 44,

45. borehole power cables 45.

46.Borehole Communication Measurement 46,

47. block of fixation 47,

48. clips 48,

49. modem 49,

50.the Internet 50,

51.brushes 51,

52.Sector 52,

53 steel wire 53,

54. holder 54,

55.hole 55,

56.cylindrical joint 56,

57. radial rods 57,

58.cylinders 58.

59. emphasis 59,

60 spring 60.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device for cleaning a downhole filter. It is intended for running into the casing 1 inside the well filter 2 installed in the productive formation 3 to clean the well filter 2 during clogging with acoustic or mechanical vibrations, such as sound, ultrasound, vibration, or a combination of these types of vibrations.

The downhole filter 2, as a rule, is made in the form of a perforated pipe 4 with a filtering element 5. The filtering element 5 can be mesh, slotted or porous material. During operation, the filter element 5 is clogged (clogging occurs) with foreign particles, as a result of which the flow rate of the well decreases sharply.

The device contains the downhole part of the device 6.

The main version of the device (Fig. 1) contains the installed downhole part of the device 6 in a sealed housing 7, an oscillation generator 8 and a delivery device 9. The device has a cable tip 10 at one of its ends, to which a geophysical cable 11 is connected.

In the main version, a geophysical cable is used as a delivery vehicle. Geophysical cable 11 is wound on a coil 12 and is connected to a control unit, the role of which is played by a system unit 13, to which, in turn, a power source 15 is connected by electrical connections 14 - a battery or an electrical network and a monitor 16. A length measurement sensor is installed on the geophysical cable 11 cable 17.

The device contains on the surface 18 a system unit 13 and a monitor 16 for monitoring the position of the oscillator 8 and the parameters of the cleaning process and their control.

Geophysical cable 11 is used to deliver the bottom-hole part of the device 6 and supply electricity to it and take downhole parameters.

Ground equipment on the surface 18 contains a coil 12 with a drive 19 and a drive switch 20, a brake 21 and a brake switch 22. The drive switch 20 and a brake switch 22 are connected to the control controller 23. The device contains an upper sensor controller 24, to the input of which a geophysical cable 11 is connected , and to the exit the system unit 13.

The downhole part of the device 6 contains a brush block 25 containing two brush discs 26 configured to rotate in the opposite direction. The block of brushes is connected via a transmission mechanism 27 to a brush drive 28.

The transmission mechanism 27 can be made in the form of a differential planetary gear (or multiplier), which contains a drive shaft 29, a central wheel 30, a sun wheel 31, satellites 32, axles 33, a carrier 34, an external output shaft 35, an internal output shaft 36.

Brush disks 26 of the brush unit 25 by shafts 35 and 36 are connected through a transmission mechanism 27 with a brush drive 28 installed in a sealed housing 7.

The drive of the brushes 28 can be made with the possibility of creating a rotational movement for the shafts 35 and 36 and at the same time a reciprocating movement (such a development is not shown in more detail in Figs. 1 ... 5).

The sealed body 7 is filled with a lubricant. Inside the sealed housing 7, a pressure and temperature expansion compensator 37 is made (Fig. 2 ... 4). The compensator of pressure and thermal expansion 27 is designed to compensate for different coefficients of thermal expansion of the metal from which the bodies are made and the lubricating liquid, as well as to prevent crushing of the sealed body by high pressure acting in the well. The hydrostatic pressure in the well can reach, depending on its depth, 60 ... 80 MPa. In addition, the pressure and thermal expansion compensator 23 compensates for the flow rate of the lubricating fluid and prevents environmental components from entering the lubricating fluid.

The vibration generator 8 is also installed inside the sealed housing 7. An ultrasonic generator, a vibrator, etc. can be used as a vibration generator 8. Acoustic emitters 38 are radially connected to the oscillator 8.

The device for cleaning the downhole filter contains (Fig. 2) downhole sensors, including a brush speed sensor 39, a vibration amplitude sensor 40 and a vibration frequency 41, connected to a downhole sensor controller 42 installed in a sealed housing 7 and connected to a geophysical cable 11 ...

In the sealed housing 7, a downhole control controller 43 is also installed, to which downhole control wires 44 are connected, and downhole power cables 45 are connected to all equipment inside the downhole part of the device 6. Downhole measurement connections 46 connect sensors 39 ... 41 to the downhole sensor controller 42.

The device may contain a fixation unit 47 with fixators 48 for temporary fixation inside the well screen 2 (Fig. 2). The electrical connection diagram of the downhole part of the device 6 is shown in FIG. 3.

A modem 49 connected to the Internet 50 (FIG. 1) can be connected to one of the ports of the system unit 13 for remote monitoring and control of cleaning.

FIG. 5 shows a drawing of one brush disk 26 of a brush unit 25. The brush disk 26 contains: brushes 51 in the form of a sector 52 with a steel wire 53 (in the form of segments) and a holder 54, in which an oblong-shaped hole 55 is made, through which a cylindrical hinge 56 passes for radial stem connections 57.

Radial rods 57 are installed in cylinders 58. A stop 59 is made on each radial rod 58. Radial rods 57 are installed in cylinders 58 and a spring 60 is installed concentrically to them. Springs 60 abut at one end against stops 59 and the other against holders 54.

Operation of the device - (Fig. 1 ... 5).

After long-term operation of the well as a result of clogging of the well filter 2, the production rate of the produced product sharply decreases. The downhole part of the device 6 is lowered into the casing string 1 on a geophysical cable 11. The vertical section of the wellbore device passes under the action of gravity, while the geophysical cable 11 is unwound from the reel 12, and the cable length sensor 17 determines the depth to which the downhole part of the device 6 is lowered. Along the horizontal section of the well or along the section with a slope of less than 5 ... 7 degrees, it is impossible to move the device without external forces. For this, known delivery vehicles can be used, for example, those known from US Pat. RF No. 2392178, IPC E21 B37 / 08, publ. September 27, 2009

When the downhole part of the device 6 enters into the downhole filter 2 (the first of the downhole filters, if several are installed), which is determined by the system unit 13 according to the indication of the cable length measurement sensor 47 from the system unit 13 through the drive switch 20, the brake 21 is turned on through the brake switch 22 and simultaneously turn on the fixation unit 47 and extend the fixators 48 to prevent further movement of the downhole part of the device 6 during the cleaning of the current section of the downhole screen 2.

An oscillation generator 8 is turned on, which, by means of acoustic emitters 29, directs the energy of acoustic vibrations radially with respect to the filter element 5. The acoustic or vibration effect on the filter element 5 causes the detachment of solid particles clogging the filter cells or slots.

At the same time, the brush drive 27 is turned on and the brush unit 25 is activated. The brush disks 26 (Fig. 5) perform a rotational movement and, at the same time, an axial reciprocating movement is possible. In this case, the brush discs 26 rotate in the opposite direction at approximately the same rotation speeds. This almost completely compensates for the reactive moments.

One section of the downhole filter 2 is cleaned, upon command from the system unit 13, the latches 48 of the fixation unit 47 are unlocked, and the downhole part of the device 6 is moved even further a short distance to clean the next section. This process is repeated many times, and as a result, the well screen 2 is completely cleaned.

The position of the bottom-hole part of the device 6 in the well and the connection to the installation interval of the downhole filters 2 are roughly determined using the cable length sensor 17.

It became possible to provide an operational fully automated control of the operation of the device for cleaning the well filter, by changing the operating parameters monitored by sensors 17, 39, 40 and 41 and based on the results of monitoring

Sensors 39, 40 and 41 transmit information to the downhole sensor controller 42 and then through the downhole measurement communication 46 and the geophysical cable 11 to the upper sensor controller 24 and then to the system unit 13.

The system unit 13 generates and transmits information to the control controller 23, and then to the drive switch 20, connected to the drive 19, to unwind the coil 12 with the geophysical cable 11, and to the third - the brake switch 22 to turn on or off the brake 21 of the coil 12 ( Fig. 1).

Using the information received from the sensors 39, 40 and 41, the system unit 13, according to a predetermined program, generates signals to correct the operation of the oscillator 8 of the frequency and amplitude of oscillations) and the drive of the brushes 28. This signal is fed through the control controller 23 and the geophysical cable 11 to the downhole control controller 43 and further to the oscillator 8 and the brush drive 28.

After cleaning, the brush drive 28 and the oscillator 8 are disconnected from the system unit 13. The fixation unit 47 is unlocked. By winding the geophysical cable 11 onto the spool 12, the downhole part of the device 6 is removed from the well. The well is put into operation again.

The brush disk 26 contains (Fig. 5): brushes 51 in the form of a sector 52 with a steel wire 53, and a holder 54, in which an oblong-shaped hole 55 is made, to change the diameter Dsh from the action of centrifugal forces, through which a cylindrical hinge 56 passes. discs 26 have radial rods 57 (from 3 to 6 pcs.) installed inside cylinders 58 and having stops 59. Springs 60 are installed concentrically to radial rods 57. Springs 60 create pressure on brushes 51 for their effective operation and compensate for fluctuations in the inner diameter of the well screen 2 D _f within tolerances and its reduction due to clogging.

Delivery of the oscillation generator 8 inside the well filter 2 installed on the horizontal section of the well can be performed using a tubing string (tubing) or a transport string or using rods (such options are not shown in Figs. 1 ... 5.).

If necessary, information on the cleaning process of the well filter can be transmitted via modem 49 (Fig. 1) using the Internet 50 at a considerable distance from the well and used to monitor or control the cleaning process.

Application of the proposed technical solution allowed:

1. Provide fully automated and high-quality cleaning of the borehole filter from mechanical deposits, including internal surfaces, through the simultaneous use of mechanical and vibroacoustic cleaning.

2. Ensure accurate delivery and movement of the downhole part of the device in the downhole filter.

3. To prevent the twisting of the geophysical cable due to the rotation of the brush unit by using two brush disks made with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions and the simultaneous use of the fixation unit.

4. Ensure operational control of the operation of the device for cleaning the downhole filter by monitoring the well parameters and automatically or manually changing the operating parameters of the brush unit and the oscillator in frequency and amplitude of oscillations based on the results of monitoring the downhole parameters on the monitor screen.

Claims (8)

1. A device for cleaning a downhole filter, including a control unit on the surface, and a downhole part of the device containing a block of brushes, and a drive unit, an oscillation generator, a means for delivering the downhole part of the device to the bottom of the well, installed in a sealed housing geophysical cable, characterized in that the control unit is made in the form of a system unit with a monitor, and a fixing unit is installed in the downhole part of the device, a brush unit drive connected to the brush unit through a transmission mechanism having one input shaft and two output ones, and the brush unit is made in the form of two brush disks, downhole sensors and a downhole sensor controller, to the input of which they are connected, and the output of which is connected through a geophysical cable to the system unit, and a downhole control controller is installed, connected by a downhole control line with a fixing unit, an oscillator, a drive block of brushes and with geophysics with a cable and then with a system unit, the brush unit is made in the form of two brush disks, made with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions and having brushes in the form of a sector with a wire, and a holder in which an oblong-shaped hole is made through which a cylindrical hinge passes, Brush disks contain radial rods installed inside the cylinders and having stops, springs are installed concentrically with the radial rods, abutting against the stops and holders. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission mechanism is made in the form of a differential planetary gearbox or multiplier having one input and two output shafts. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an ultrasonic generator is used as an oscillator. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a vibrator is used as the oscillator. 5. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the geophysical cable is connected through a cable lug to the oscillator, the drive of the brush unit and the fixation unit. 6. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the hermetic housing is made with a compensator for pressure and thermal expansion. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the brush unit is configured to create rotational and oscillatory movements. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a modem is installed on the surface, connected to the system unit and the Internet.

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