RU2736550C1 - Polar code coding and decoding device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to polar code coding means. For this, a method of encoding a polar code, comprising steps of obtaining, using a transmission side, a target information sequence, wherein the length of the target information sequence is equal to K, the length M of the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for the target information sequence is determined in accordance with the length K, adding the verification code (CRC) length M to the target information sequence and performing polar encoding of the information sequence obtained after adding the verification code to obtain a polar code, and transmitting the polar code to the receiving side.

EFFECT: technical result is high efficiency of encoding a polar code.

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Description

The technical field to which the invention relates

The present invention relates to the field of communication technologies and, in particular, to an apparatus and method for polar encoding and decoding of a polar code.

State of the art

In a data transmission system, to increase the reliability of data transmission and ensure the quality of communication, as a rule, channel coding of the transmitted information is performed.In the channel coding technology, an additional control bit is added to the sequence of information sent by the transmitting side, and decoding technology is applied on the receiving side to correct the error. with a relatively high probability generated during the transmission, therefore, the sent information sequence is correctly received.

In order to reduce the probability of errors in the transmission process and improve the efficiency of using the communication channel in a wireless network, in 2008 Erdal Arikan first proposed the concept of channel polarization at the International Symposium on Information Theory ISIT. Based on theory, he proposed Polar Code (Polar Code) as the first known channel coding method that could theoretically reach the channel bandwidth limit (also known as the Shanon limit) and which has low complexity. Through channel polarization (channel polarization), the communication channel can be polarized into an almost completely noisy bit channel (noisy bit channel) and a noiseless bit channel (noiseless bit channel). A polarizing conversion polar code allows information to be transmitted using only a silent bit channel, ensuring the maximum channel transmission rate.

In the prior art, a polarizing transform polar code is generally decoded by the following methods: successive deletion (successive cancellation, SC) decoding and extended SC decoding, which are obtained based on the enhanced SC decoding algorithm. Extended SC decoding further includes serial elimination list decoding (SCL sequence elimination), serial elimination stack decoding (SCS stack elimination), serial elimination hybrid decoding (SCH hybrid sequence elimination), etc. ... However, the performance of the conventional SC decoding algorithm and the extended SC decoding algorithm is not satisfactory, and both algorithms have disadvantages.

For example, a polarizing transform polar code whose code length is N is represented as u ^N = (u ₁ , u ₂ , ..., u _N ) using a binary string vector and may correspond to an N level decoding code tree, SC decoding may be described as the process of finding a route in a code tree.

FIG. 1 shows a simple example in which N = 4. SC decoding starts at the root node and gradually propagates to the code tree. Each time, a route with a high probability value is selected from two candidate routes (one corresponds to ui = 0 and the other corresponds to ui = 1) and the next level route is expanded based on this route. FIG. 1 shows a polarizing transform polar code tree with code length N equal to 4. The black solid line in the figure indicates the path obtained by successive deletion decoding and the corresponding evaluation bit sequence is (0110). Practice shows that the SC decoding algorithm has good performance when the code length is relatively large, but has poor performance with a relatively short code length.

As an advanced SC decoding, SCL decoding allows L most likely routes to be reserved in order to expand the search range and reduce the likelihood of deviating from the correct route during the search process. FIG. 2 shows a polarizing transform polar code tree of which the code length N is 4. The black solid line in the figure indicates the SCL decoding search path group when the number L of the most probable paths is 4, and the resulting estimate bit sequence set is (0010). (0110), (1001) and (1010). In SCL decoding, all the most probable routes and the reliability metric values corresponding to the most probable routes are stored in the list, and all the most probable routes in the list are expanded simultaneously. Therefore, after each expansion, the number of most likely routes in the list doubles. Some of the most probable routes with lower metric reliability values are discarded to ensure that the number of most probable routes is always less than or equal to half of those listed. When decoding is finished, the route with the highest metric reliability value is selected from the list, and the evaluation bit sequence corresponding to the route is the decoding result. To get good performance, a relatively large search width must be set, that is, the largest number of L most likely routes allowed by all levels of the coding tree are set to the same value, which is relatively large. The value is usually set to 32. However, a relatively large value significantly increases decoding complexity and power consumption.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus and method for polar encoding and decoding of a polar code and obviating the disadvantage of the prior art in that decoding is rather difficult due to the unchanged number L of most likely routes for polar decoding of the polar code.

According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for decoding a polarizing transform polar code, including: receiving, at a receiving side, a polarizing transform polar code and indication information transmitted by a transmitting side, the indication information indicating that the length of the polarizing transform polar code transformation is equal to N; determining the number L of the most likely routes of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the length N of the polarizing transform polar code and the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) for receiving the polarizing transform polar code, where L is a positive integer; and performing SCL list decoding with successive deletion of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the number of L most likely routes to obtain the L most likely routes and test at least one of the obtained L most likely routes to obtain the result of decoding the polar code with polarizing transformation. In accordance with this method, the number L of the most likely routes for decoding the polarizing transform polar code is adaptively selected in accordance with the code length of the polarizing transform polar code and the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving the polarizing transform polar code. Thus, a relatively small number of the most likely routes can be selected without affecting performance. This reduces the complexity of the system and eliminates the disadvantage of the prior art in that decoding can be rather difficult because decoding of a polarizing transform polar code is performed only in accordance with a fixed number of most likely paths. Perhaps the indication information that indicates the length of the polarizing transform polar code is N, may include the length K of the information sequence X that has not been encoded, the K / N bit ratio, and the like.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation, a specific implementation of the receiving side determining the number L of the most likely routes of the polarizing transform polar code according to the length N of the polarizing transform polar code and SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving the polarizing transform polar code: determining on the receiving side in accordance with a previously stored mapping ratio of the most likely routes number between SNR signal-to-noise ratio, the length N of the polar code code and the number L of most likely routes, the number L most likely routes corresponding to the polar code, in which the mapping ratio of the most likely routes, the L value corresponding to the polarizing conversion polar code with a high SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving the polarizing conversion polar code is less than or equal to the L value corresponding to the polarizing conversion polar code. using a polarizing transform with a lower SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving a polarizing transform code, and an L value corresponding to a polar code with a longer code length is greater than or equal to an L value corresponding to a polar code with a shorter code length. In accordance with this method, the receiving side adaptively corrects the value of L in accordance with the mapping ratio between the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving the polarizing transform polar code, the length of the polarizing transform polar code and the number of most probable routes, thereby solving the technical problem of setting the value L as per requirement.

With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation, a specific implementation of the receiving side's checking of at least one of the L most likely routes is: the receiving side performing a CRC check (cyclic redundancy check, cyclic redundancy check), at least one of the L most likely routes. This method ensures the correct transmission of the polarizing conversion polar code by means of a CRC check. If an error occurs during transmission, correction can be performed using the CRC, so that decoding of the polarized conversion code is more accurate. Perhaps the receiving side can alternatively check at least one of the L most likely routes using a different correction algorithm.

With reference to a second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation, a specific implementation of the CRC receiving side performing a cyclic redundancy check of at least one of the L most likely routes is as follows:

performing on the receiving side of the CRC check the most likely route with the highest probability value in the L most likely routes; and if the test succeeds, the most likely route with the highest likelihood is used as the result of the polarizing transform polar code decoding. According to this method, a CRC check is performed on the most likely route with the highest likelihood, and if the test succeeds, it can be determined that the most likely route is the correct decoding result. Therefore, there is no need to test many of the most likely routes with relatively low probability values, avoiding excessive energy consumption for testing.

With reference to a third possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, after the receiving side CRC checks the most probable route with the highest likelihood in the L most probable routes, the method includes: if the verification fails, notifying the transmitting side to retransmit; or if the test fails, increasing the L value within the threshold range L and performing SCL decoding of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the increased L value to obtain the result of decoding the polarizing transform polar code. According to this method, if the CRC check fails on the most likely route with the highest probability value, then this indicates that an error or failure may occur during decoding, and the transmitting side should be notified to perform a replacement, or the L value should be increased (to receive some of the discarded routes) to increase the likelihood of finally obtaining the correct decoding result for the polarizing transform polar code.

With reference to a second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation, a specific implementation of the CRC receiving side performing a cyclic redundancy check of at least one of the L most likely routes is:

performing on the receiving side of the CRC a cyclic redundancy check on the w most likely routes in the L most likely routes, where w is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to L; and, if the test is successful on the most likely route in the w most likely routes, using the most likely route with the highest probability value in the most likely route on which the test is performed as the result of polarizing transform decoding of the polar code. According to this method, a CRC check can be performed on the set of the most likely routes in the L most likely routes, or even on the L most likely routes. Although the cost of checking is relatively high, the likelihood of finally obtaining a correct decoding result for a polarizing transform polar code can be significantly increased as more objects are checked.

With reference to a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation, after performing a cyclic redundancy check CRC on at least one of the L most likely routes, the method further includes: if the test is not successful on any of the w most likely routes , notifying the transmitting party to retransmit; or, if the check is not performed on any of the w most probable routes, increasing the L value within the threshold range L and performing SCL decoding of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the increased L value to obtain the result of decoding the polarizing transform polar code. According to this method, if the CRC check fails on the set of most probable routes in the L most probable routes, then this indicates that an error or failure may occur during decoding, and the transmitting side must be notified to perform a replacement, or the value of L must be increased (to obtain some discarded routes). It is understood that the L value must be increased within the L threshold range, and if the test was performed on the L most likely routes, the L value cannot be increased. In this case, the only solution is to notify the transmitting party to retransmit. Both methods are designed to increase the likelihood of obtaining the correct result from decoding a polarizing conversion code.

With reference to a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, or with reference to a sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation, a specific implementation of increasing the value of L is: increasing the value of L by u, in which u is a positive integer, or multiplying L by v, in which v is a number greater than 1. According to this method, the value of L can be increased in various ways. The L value can be increased exponentially or can be increased one by one or multiplied by a multiple. It is not limited in this way.

According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for encoding a polarizing transform polar code, and the method may include:

receiving by the transmission side of the target information sequence in which the length of the target information sequence is K;

determining in accordance with the length K the length M CRC cyclic redundancy check for the target information sequence;

adding the length M CRC of the check code to the target information sequence and performing polar coding of the information sequence obtained after adding the check code to obtain a polar code of N length; and

transmitting to the receiving side of the polarizing transform polar code and indication information indicating the length of the polarizing transform polar code equal to N.

In this embodiment of the present invention, M the CRC length of the check code is adaptively determined on the transmission side in accordance with the length K of the target information sequence to be transmitted. This makes it possible to solve the technical problem that the encoding is excessively complex or excessively simple because, in some cases, the M CRC value of the check code is too large or too small, therefore, the performance of encoding using the polar code is improved.

With reference to the second aspect, in a first possible implementation, determining according to the length K of the length M CRC of the cyclic redundancy check for the target information sequence includes:

determining, in accordance with the previously stored check code mapping ratio between the information sequence length K and the CRC check code length M, the check code length M of the CRC corresponding to the target information sequence, in which, with respect to the mapping of the check code CRC length M, the check code CRC length M. corresponding information sequence with greater length K is greater than or equal to the length M of the CRC check code corresponding to information sequence with shorter length K.

In accordance with a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a decoder, and the decoder may include:

a decoding receiving unit configured to receive the polarizing transform polar code and indication information transmitted by the transmitting side, the indication information indicating that the length of the polarizing transform polar code is N;

a decoding determination module configured to determine the number L of the most likely routes of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the length N of the polarizing transform polar code and SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving a polarizing transform code in which L is a positive integer number; and

a decoding module configured to: perform SCL list decoding followed by excluding the polar code with polarizing transform in accordance with the number L of the most likely routes to obtain the L most likely routes; and check at least one of the L most likely paths to obtain a polarization transform polar code decoding result.

With reference to the third aspect, in a first possible implementation, the determining module is specifically configured to:

determine, in accordance with the previously stored mapping ratio of the number of most probable routes between the SNR signal-to-noise ratio, the length N of the polarizing transform polar code code and the number L of the most probable routes, the number L of the most probable routes corresponding to the polarizing transform polar code, in which the ratio of the display of the number of the most probable routes, the L value corresponding to the polar code with a high SNR ratio for receiving the polar code is less than or equal to the L value corresponding to the polar code with a lower SNC SNC ratio for receiving the polar code, and the L value corresponding to the polar code with the longer code length is greater than or equal to the value L corresponding to the polar code with the shorter code length.

With reference to the third aspect or with reference to the first possible implementation of the third aspect in the second possible implementation, the decoding module is specifically configured to:

perform a CRC cyclic redundancy check on at least one of the L most likely routes.

With reference to a second possible implementation of the third aspect, in a third possible implementation, the decoding module includes:

a first checker configured to CRC check the most likely route with the highest probability value in the L most likely routes; and

the first decoding unit, configured: if the check is successful, use the most probable route with the highest probability value as a result of decoding the polar code with polarizing transform.

With reference to a third possible implementation of the third aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, the decoding module further includes:

a second decoding unit configured to: if the test fails, increase the L value within the threshold range L and perform SCL decoding of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the increased L value to obtain the result of decoding the polarizing transform polar code.

With reference to a second possible implementation of the third aspect, in a fifth possible implementation, the decoding module includes:

a second checker configured to perform CRC cyclic redundancy check of w most likely routes in L most likely routes, in which w is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to L; and

the third decoding block configured: if the check is successful on the most probable route in w most probable paths, use the most probable path with the highest probability value in the most probable path on which the check is performed as a result of decoding the polar code with polarizing transformation.

With reference to the fifth possible implementation of the third aspect, in the sixth possible implementation, the decoding module further includes:

a fourth decoding unit configured: if the check is not performed on any of the w most probable routes, increase the value of L within the range L of threshold values and perform SCL decoding of the polar code with polarizing transform in accordance with the increased value of L to obtain the decoding result polar code with polarizing conversion.

With reference to the fourth possible implementation of the third aspect or with reference to the sixth possible implementation of the third aspect in the seventh possible implementation, the second decoding unit or the fourth decoding unit increases the value of L, which is in particular:

increasing L by u, where u is a positive integer, or multiplying L by v, where v is greater than one.

In accordance with a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an encoder, and the encoder may include:

an encoding receiving module, configured to receive a target information sequence in which the length of the target information sequence is K;

an encoding determination unit, configured to determine, according to the length K, the cyclic redundancy check CRC length M of the target information sequence;

an encoding module configured to add the length M of the CRC check code to the target information sequence and perform polar coding of the information sequence obtained after adding the check code to obtain a polar code of N length; and

a transmitting unit configured to transmit to the receiving side a polarizing conversion polar code and indication information that indicates the length of the polar code equal to N.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in the first possible implementation, the encoding determination module is further configured to:

determine, in accordance with the previously stored check code mapping ratio between the length K of the information sequence and the length M of the CRC of the check code, the length M of the CRC of the check code corresponding to the target information sequence, in which, with respect to the mapping, the length M of the CRC of the check code corresponding to the information sequence with the greater length K is greater than or equal to the length M of the CRC check code corresponding to the information sequence with the shorter length K.

In accordance with a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the claimed invention provides a method for decoding a polar code, comprising: obtaining a polar code and a code length N of the polar code; determining the number L of the most likely routes of the polar code according to the code length N of the polar code and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of receiving the polar code, where L is a positive integer and performs sequential SCL list decoding of the polar code according to the number of L most likely routes, and checking at least one of the L most probable routes to obtain a polar code decoding result.

With reference to the fifth aspect, in the first possible embodiment, determining the number L of the most likely routes of the polar code according to the length N of the polar code code and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for receiving the polar code comprises: determining according to the previously stored number the most probable routes of the mapping relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the length N of the polar code code and the number L of the most probable routes, where the number L of the most probable routes corresponds to the polar code, and in the mapping of the relationship of the number L of the most probable routes, the L value corresponds to the polar code with the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for receiving a polar code is less than or equal to the value L corresponding to the polar code with the lowest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for receiving a polar code, and the value L corresponding to the polar code with the longest code length is greater or equal to the L value of the corresponding polar code with the name shorter code length.

According to a second possible implementation of the fifth aspect, checking at least one of the L most likely routes comprises: performing a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of at least one of the L most likely routes.

In accordance with a third possible implementation of the fifth aspect, performing a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of at least one of the L most likely routes comprises: performing a CRC check of the most likely route with the highest probability value of the L most likely routes; and if the check is successful, the indicated most likely route is used as the result of the polar code decoding.

In accordance with a fourth possible implementation of the fifth aspect, after performing the CRC check of the most probable route with the highest likelihood of the L most probable routes, the method further comprises the step of increasing the L value within the threshold value L if the test is unsuccessful and performing SCL decoding the polar code in accordance with the increased value of L to obtain a polar code decoding result.

According to a fifth possible implementation of the fifth aspect, performing a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of at least one of the L most likely routes comprises: performing a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for the w most likely routes from the L most likely routes, where w is an integer greater 1 and less than L; and if the check is successful for the most probable route of the w most probable routes, the most probable route with the highest probability value from the most probable routes for which the check was successful is used as the decoding result.

In accordance with the sixth possible implementation of the fifth aspect, after performing a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of at least one of the L most likely routes, the method further comprises a step, in which, if the check is successful for any of the w most likely routes, the value of L is increased within the threshold value L, and SCL decoding of the polar code is performed in accordance with the increased value of L to obtain a polar code decoding result.

According to a seventh possible implementation of the fifth aspect, after increasing the value of L, it comprises: increasing the value of L by u, where u is a positive integer, or multiplying L by v, where v is greater than 1.

In accordance with a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the claimed invention provides a decoding apparatus comprising: a decoding receiving unit for obtaining a polar code and a code length N of the polar code; a decoding determination module for determining the number L of the most likely routes of the polar code in accordance with the code length N of the polar code and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of receiving the polar code, where L is a positive integer and performs sequential SCL list decoding of the polar code in accordance with the number L most likely routes and check at least one of the L most likely routes to obtain the result of decoding the polar code.

According to the first possible implementation of the sixth aspect, the determining module is further configured to determine the number L of the most likely routes of the polar code in accordance with the length N of the polar code code and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for receiving the polar code comprises: determining, in accordance with a pre-stored number of most likely routes of the mapping relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the length N of the polar code code and the number L of most likely routes, where the number L of most likely routes corresponds to the polar code, and in the display of the relationship of the number of L most likely routes, the value L corresponding to the polar code with the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for receiving the polar code is less than or equal to the value of L corresponding to the polar code with the lowest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for receiving the polar code, and the value L corresponding to the polar code with the longest length code, greater than or equal to on the value of L corresponding to the polar code with the smallest code length.

In accordance with a second possible implementation of the sixth aspect, the decoding module is configured to perform a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on at least one of the L most likely routes.

According to a third possible implementation of the sixth aspect, the decoding module comprises a first checker for performing a CRC check of the most likely route with the highest probability value of the L most likely routes; and a first decoding unit for use, if the check is successful, of the indicated most likely route as the result of the polar code decoding.

According to the fourth possible implementation of the sixth aspect, the decoding unit further comprises: a second decoding unit for increasing, if the check is not successful, the L values within the threshold L, and performing SCL decoding of the polar code in accordance with the increased L value to obtain a polar decoding result. code.

In accordance with a fifth possible implementation of the sixth aspect, the decoding module comprises: a second checker for performing cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on w most likely routes from the L most likely routes, where w is an integer greater than 1 and less than L; and a third decoding module for use if the test is successful for the most likely route of the w most likely routes, as a decoding result, the most likely route with the highest likelihood of the most likely routes for which the test was successful.

According to the sixth possible implementation of the sixth aspect, the decoding unit comprises a fourth decoding unit for increasing, if the check is successful for any of the most likely paths w, the value of L within the threshold value L and performing SCL decoding of the polar code in accordance with the increased value of L. to get the result of decoding the polar code.

According to a seventh possible implementation of the sixth aspect, the second decoding unit or the third decoding unit is configured to increase the value of L by u, where u is a positive integer, or multiply L by v, where v is greater than 1.

In the embodiments of the present invention, the receiving side receives the polarizing transform polar code and indication information transmitted by the transmitting side, the indication information indicating that the length of the polarizing transforming polar code is N; determines the number L of the most likely routes of the polarizing transform polar code according to the length N of the polarizing transform polar code and SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving the polarizing transform polar code; performs sequential SCL list decoding with sequential deletion of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the number of L most likely routes to obtain the L most likely routes; and finally checks at least one of the L most likely routes to obtain a polarizing transform polar code decoding result. That is, according to the method for decoding a polarizing transform polar code presented in the present invention, the number L of the most probable routes for decoding the polarizing transform polar code is adaptively selected in accordance with the code length of the polarizing transform polar code and the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving polar code with polarizing conversion. Thus, you can choose a relatively small value of the most likely routes without affecting performance. This reduces the complexity of the system and eliminates the disadvantage of the prior art in that decoding can be rather difficult because decoding of a polarizing transform polar code is performed only in accordance with a fixed number of most likely paths.

Brief Description of Drawings

In order to describe in more detail the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or in the prior art, the following briefly describes the accompanying drawings necessary to describe the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description show only some embodiments of the present invention, and one skilled in the art can still derive other drawings from these accompanying drawings without creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an SC polar code decoding code tree;

fig. 2 is a diagram of an SCL code tree for decoding a polar code;

fig. 3 is a diagram of a system architecture on which the method for encoding and decoding a polar code in accordance with the present invention is based;

fig. 4 is a flowchart for encoding and decoding a polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 5 is a performance curve for encoding a polar code according to the present invention for different values of L;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for decoding in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 7 is a diagram of another embodiment of an encoding apparatus according to the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a decoder in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 9 is a diagram of an embodiment of an encoder in accordance with the present invention; and

fig. 10 is a diagram of a terminal in accordance with the present invention.

Implementation of the invention

The following description clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to various communication systems, such as a global system for mobile communications (global system for mobile communications, GSM), code division multiple access (code division multiple access), CDMA), a broadband system. code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), public packet radio (public packet radio, GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Frequency Division Duplex (LTE) ), time division duplex (LTE) and universal mobile communication system (universal mobile communication system, UMTS). Therefore, the following description is not limited to a specific communication system. Information or data encoded using a turbo code or an LDPC code by a base station or terminal in the above systems may be encoded using a polarizing transform code in embodiments of the present invention.

It should also be understood that the base station may be a base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS) in GSM or CDMA, or it may be a NodeB (NodeB) in WCDMA, or it may be an evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB or eNodeB) in LTE, or a base station device in a future 5G network, or the like. This is not limited in the present invention.

The terminal can be a cell phone, a cordless phone, a smartphone, a phone with a session initiation protocol (Session Initiation Protocol, SIP), a wireless local loop (wireless local loop, WLL), a tablet computer, a media player, a smart TV, a smart tuner, a smart -wearable device, MP3 (Moving Picture Audio Level III Expert Group, Audio Moving Picture Expert Group Level 3) player, MP4 (Moving Picture Audio Level IV Expert Group, Moving Picture Audio Experts Level 3), Personal Digital Assistant ( personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with a wireless communication function, a computing device, another processing device connected to a wireless modem, a device installed in a vehicle, a terminal device in a future 5G network, or the like. The above devices can communicate and interact with a network device such as a base station.

In order to provide an understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following first describes the transmission side and reception side network architecture on which the embodiments of the present invention are based. Referring to FIG. 3 in which FIG. 3 is a diagram of the system architecture on which the method for encoding and decoding a polarizing transform polar code in the present invention is based. In the embodiments of the present invention, the encoding and decoding method may be performed by a base station or a terminal in a communication system, and both the base station and the terminal include a transmitting side and a receiving side as used in the present invention. The transmitting side is configured to encode the target information sequence, and the receiving side is configured to decode the encoded target information sequence. It is obvious that in the present invention, when the transmitting side is a base station, the receiving side may be a terminal; or when the transmitting side is a terminal, then the receiving side may be a base station. It should be noted that the system architecture in the embodiments of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above system architecture, and all system architectures that can implement polar code encoding and decoding are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, in which FIG. 4 is a flowchart of polar encoding and decoding of a polarizing transform polar code in an embodiment of the present invention. The following is a description of the method from the point of view of the interactive side for the transmitting side and the receiving side of the base station or terminal with reference to FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, the method may include the following steps S401 to S407.

Step S401: receive the target information sequence.

Specifically, the transmitting side of the base station or terminal (eg, UE, user device) receives or collects a target information sequence (such as a sampled and quantized speech signal). The length of the target information sequence is K and K is a positive integer. The K value is usually 2 to the power of n, and n is a positive integer. For example, the K value can be 128, 256, 512, 1024, or 2048.

Step S402: In accordance with the length K, the CRC length M of the target information sequence is determined.

In particular, in the prior art, the lengths of M CRCs that are set by the same transmission side are the same for different information sequences; therefore, M is set to the same value regardless of the length value K of the target information sequence. However, a larger M value means a higher encoding complexity. When the length K of the target information sequence is relatively short but the length M is relatively long, it is obvious that the coding complexity is unnecessarily increased and good coding performance cannot be achieved. Therefore, this embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining, in accordance with the target sequence length K, the CRC cyclic redundancy check length M for the target information sequence received in step S401. The following rule may be as follows: a longer length K of the target information sequence corresponds to a larger value M of the CRC check code, and a shorter length K of the target information sequence corresponds to a smaller value M of the CRC check code; or the value M of the CRC check code corresponding to the length K, which has the target information sequence and which is in the first range, is greater than the value M of the CRC check code corresponding to the length K, which has the target information sequence and is in the second range; and the K value in the first range is greater than the K value in the second range.

In an exemplary implementation, the transmitting side determines, in accordance with a previously stored check code mapping relationship between the length K of the information sequence and the length M of the CRC check code, the length M of the CRC check code corresponding to the target information sequence. With regard to the mapping of the check code, the length M of the CRC check code corresponding to the information sequence with the greater length K is greater than or equal to the length M of the CRC check code corresponding to the information sequence with the shorter length K. It can be understood that the mapping relation may be a list of relations or may be a function relationship. This is not particularly limited in the present invention. It is understood that the mapping ratio can be set in accordance with the empirical value obtained earlier or the corresponding data obtained by emulation, which ensures good encoding and decoding performance of the polar code.

Step S403: add the CRC length M of the check code to the target information sequence, and perform polar coding on the information sequence obtained after adding the check code to obtain a polar code N of the length.

Specifically, the length M bits of the check code is added to the last part of the target information sequence K bits (usually, the value of M may be 8, 16, 24, 32, or the like), and then polar coding of the information sequence obtained after adding the check code is performed. , to obtain a polar code with polarizing transform N length. Typically, the value of N is determined according to the length of the sampled and quantized signal, the value of N is usually 2 by the power of n, and n is a positive integer. Typically, the total value for N can be 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, or the like.

Step S404: sending to the receiving side a polar code and indication information that indicates the length of the polarizing conversion polar code equal to N.

Specifically, the polar code and indication information that indicates the length of the polarizing transform polar code equal to N are sent to the receiving side. The indication information may be the length of the N polar code, or may be corresponding information such as the length K of the target information sequence and the bit rate of the polarizing transform polar code (in channel coding, the information symbol sequence K is mapped to a codeword of N symbols by coding, and K / N is denoted as a bit rate, while it is assumed that the symbol table remains unchanged after encoding), so that the receiving side can know, according to the indication information, that the code length of the received polarizing transform polar code is N.

Step S405: the receiving side receives the polar code and indication information transmitted by the transmitting side, in which the indication information indicates that the length of the polarizing transform polar code is N.

Specifically, the receiving side of the base station or UE receives the polar code and indication information, which are sent by the transmitting side in step S404, in which the indication information indicates that the length of the polarizing transform polar code is N; and according to the indication information, recognizes that the length of the polarizing conversion polar code is N. With reference to the above description, it can be learned that the receiving side can directly obtain the length N of the polarizing conversion polar code according to the indication (for example, the indication information directly includes the length N of the polar code) or can know the length N of the polarizing transform polar code by calculation (for example, the indication information includes the length K of the target information sequence and the bit rate of the polar code, and the value of the length N of the polar code can be calculated in according to the length K of the target information sequence and the bit rate of the polar code).

Step S406: The number L of the most likely paths for the polarizing transform polar code is determined according to the code length N of the polar code and the SNR of the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving the polar code.

In particular, in the prior art, one and the same receiving side establishes a relatively large number, L, of the most probable routes for all received polar codes with different lengths N; therefore, the same relatively large L value is used regardless of the lengths N of the received polar codes. However, a larger L value means higher decoding complexity and higher power consumption. When the length N of the polar code is relatively small but the value of L is relatively large, it is obvious that the decoding complexity is unnecessarily increased and good decoding performance cannot be achieved. Therefore, this embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the number L of the most likely paths of the polar code according to the length N of the polar code code and SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving the polar code. L is a positive integer, L is typically 2 powers of n, and n is a positive integer. Typically, the total L can be 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, or the like. The signal-to-noise ratio can reflect the quality of the received signal (polarized code with polarizing conversion). Therefore, a higher signal-to-noise ratio means less noise interference and better signal quality, and fewer most likely routes need to be reserved; a lower signal-to-noise ratio means more interference and degraded signal quality, in which case more likely routes need to be reserved due to more uncertain factors. Likewise, a longer polar code means higher decoding complexity and more uncertain factors, and more likely routes need to be reserved. Conversely, a shorter polar code means lower decoding complexity and fewer ambiguities, and fewer most likely routes need to be reserved. That is, in this embodiment of the present invention, a relationship can be dynamically established between the code length N, the SNR signal-to-noise ratio, and the number L of the most likely routes according to this rule. It should be noted that a method for calculating the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving a polarizing transform polar code can be calculated in accordance with the corresponding parameter and calculation formula in the prior art (e.g., the logarithm of the power ratio for receiving a polarizing transform polar code to the noise power to base ten). This is not particularly limited in the present invention.

In a possible implementation, the receiving side determines, in accordance with a previously stored mapping ratio of the number of most likely routes between SNR signal-to-noise ratio, length N of the polarizing-transform polar code code and the number L of most likely routes, the number L of most likely routes corresponding to the polar code. With respect to the comparison of the number of most likely routes, the L values corresponding to the polar code with a high SNR for receiving the polar code is less than or equal to the L value corresponding to the polar code with the lower SNR SNR for receiving the polar code, and the L corresponding to the polar code with the longer code length is greater than or equal to the value of L corresponding to the polar code with the shorter code length. It is understood that the mapping relation may be a list relation or may be a functional relation. This is not particularly limited in the present invention.

Step S407: SCL list decoding with successive deletion of the polarizing transform polar code according to the number of L most likely routes is performed to obtain the L most likely routes, and at least one of the L most likely routes is checked to obtain the decoding result of the polar code with polarizing transformation.

Specifically, the SCL performs serial deletion list decoding (the decoding algorithm is described in the BACKGROUND section) of the polarization transform polar code according to the number L of the most likely routes determined in step S406 to obtain the L most likely routes, and it is checked at least one of the L most likely routes to obtain a polarizing transform decoding result. It is understood that the specific verification method depends on the specific method of adding the verification code before the transmitting side transmits the polarizing conversion polar code.

In a possible implementation, the receiving side performs a cyclic redundancy check CRC of at least one of the L most likely routes. Additionally, the receiving side performs a CRC check on the most likely route with the highest likelihood in the L most likely routes; and if the test succeeds, the most likely route with the highest likelihood is used as the result of the polarizing transform polar code decoding. In addition, if verification is not performed, notifying the transmitting side to perform retransmission; or if the check fails, increase the L value within the range of L threshold values (since the L value cannot exceed the total number of routes, while the value of L is in a certain range), perform SCL decoding of the polar code with polarization transform in accordance with the increased value of L, to get the result of polarizing transform decoding. That is, after increasing the value of L, the possibly missed decoding result of the polarizing transform polar code can be obtained from the added most probable path, so that the probability of finally obtaining the decoding result increases. The way to increase the value of L can be: increasing the L value by u, in which u is a positive integer, or multiplying L by v, in which v is greater than one.

In a possible implementation, the receiving side performs a CRC cyclic redundancy check on the w most likely routes in the L most likely routes, in which w is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to L; and if the most probable route check is successful in the w most probable routes, the most probable route with the highest likelihood in the most probable route on which the test is performed is used as the result of the polarization transform decoding of the polar code. The choice of w most probable routes can be carried out as follows: choose the w most probable routes with relatively high probability values in accordance with the probability values; or w the most likely routes are randomly selected; or choose the w most probable routes in accordance with the given rule. This is not particularly limited in the present invention. Additionally, if no check is performed on any of the w most probable routes, notifying the transmitting side to retransmit; or if the check is not performed on any of the most probable w routes, increasing the L value within the L threshold range, and performing SCL decoding of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the increased L value to obtain the result of decoding the polarizing transform polar code. That is, after the L value is increased, the possibly missed decoding result of the polarizing transform polar code can be obtained from the added most probable path, so that the probability of finally obtaining the decoding result increases. The way to increase the L value can be: increasing the L value by u, where u is a positive integer, or multiplying L by v, where v is greater than one.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the receiving side receives the polar code and indication information, which are sent by the transmitting side, in which the indication information indicates that the length of the polarizing transform polar code is N; determining the number L of the most likely routes of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the length N of the polarizing transform polar code and SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving the polarizing transform polar code; performing SCL list decoding with successive deletion of the polarization transform polar code in accordance with the number of L most likely routes to obtain the L most likely routes; and finally, at least one of the L most likely routes is checked to obtain a polarizing transform polar code decoding result. That is, according to the method of decoding a polarizing transform polar code presented in the present invention, the number L of the most probable paths for decoding using the polarizing transform code is adaptively selected in accordance with the code length of the polarizing transform polar code and the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving polar code with polarizing conversion. Thus, you can choose a relatively small value of the most likely routes without affecting performance. This reduces the complexity of the system and eliminates the disadvantage of the prior art in that decoding can be quite difficult because decoding of a polarizing transform polar code is performed only in accordance with a fixed number of most likely paths. Further, in this embodiment of the present invention, on the transmission side, the length M of the CRC of the check code is adaptively determined in accordance with the length K of the target information sequence to be transmitted. This solves the technical problem that the coding is overly complex or overly simple because in some cases the M CRC value of the check code is too high or too small, and also improves the coding performance of the polarizing transform polar code.

In a specific application scenario, the specific processing on the transmission side and the reception side in this embodiment of the present invention may be as follows.

(1) The transmitting side receives a K-length information sequence X.

(2) The transmitting side determines the CRC length M in accordance with the length K of the information sequence X. The value of the CRC length M can be 8, 16, 24 or 32. Typically, the value of M is determined according to the length K of the information sequence X. If the information sequence X is relative short, then can use CRC with length 8; or if the information sequence X is relatively long, a CRC with a length of 32 or a CRC with a length of 16 or 24 may be used. In particular, the correspondence is shown in the following table.

K K≤128 128 <K≤512 512 <K≤8192 K> 8192 M eight sixteen 24 32

(3) The transmitting side adds an M-length check CRC to the K-length information sequence X and obtains a Y (K + M) length information sequence.

(4) The transmitting side performs polar coding on the Y information sequence to obtain an N-length polar code sequence, in which N is the code length of the polarizing transform polar code.

(5) The transmitting side sends the polar coding code sequence to the receiving side using the wireless spatial channel; and sends related information such as the length K of the information sequence X and the bit rate of the polarizing transform polar code to the receiving side.

(6) The receiving side receives information transmitted by the transmitting side such as the polarizing transform polar code sequence, the length K of the information sequence X, and the bit rate of the polarizing transform polar code.

(7) The receiving side determines the length N of the polarizing transform polar code and the CRC length M in accordance with the length K of the information sequence X, the bit rate of the polarizing transform polar code, and the like.

(8) The receiving side calculates the SNR of the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving the signal and obtains the value L of the number of most likely paths for polar coding. In particular, the value of the number L of the most likely routes can be obtained in accordance with the ratio between the SNR of the signal-to-noise ratio for signal reception, the length N of the polarizing transform polar code and L the number of the most likely routes. The relationship may be represented by a table, function, or the like, and may be stored on the receiving side. FIG. 5 shows the performance curve for different L values when the code length N is 8192.

The horizontal axis represents the SNR signal-to-noise ratio (signal-to-noise ratio) and the vertical axis represents the bit error rate. According to the emulation result, the relationship between SNR signal-to-noise ratio, the length N of the polar code code, and L most likely routes can be determined, as indicated in the following table.

That is, when the code length is 8192: if SNR 1.1 dB, the L value is 32; if the SNR ranges from 1.1 to 2.5 dB, the L value is 16; if the SNR ranges from 1.25 to 1.4 dB, the L value is 8; if the SNR ranges from 1.4 to 1.8 dB, the L value is 4; and if SNR ≥ 1.8 dB, L is 2.

(9) The receiving side performs polarization transform decoding of the received information sequence in accordance with the number of L most likely paths to obtain the L most probable paths.

(10) The receiving side outputs the route with the highest probability in the L most likely routes, and performs a CRC check.

(11) If the CRC check succeeds, then the route is the result of decoding, or if the CRC check fails, then the receiving side notifies the transmitting side to retransmit.

In another application scenario, steps (10) and (11) in the previous application scenario may be performed in the manner described in the next step (12) and step (13).

(12) The receiving side performs a CRC check of the M-length L of the most likely routes; and if the CRC check of the most likely route is successful, then outputs the most likely route with the highest probability in the most likely route on which the CRC check is performed; otherwise, step (13) is performed.

(13) The receiving side adjusts the L value as the value of the next L level in accordance with the SNR relationship of the signal-to-noise ratio for signal reception, the length N of the polarizing transform polar code and L most likely routes. For example, in Table 1, if the current L value is 4, the L value is corrected as the 8 value of the next L level; if the current L value is 16, the L value is adjusted as the 32 value of the next L level; if the L value is the largest L value, no adjustment is made. As indicated in Table 1, if the current value of L is 32, if L is the largest value, then the adjustment of L is not performed, and the route with the highest probability in the L selected routes is output; otherwise, step (9) is performed in accordance with the set value L.

In yet another application scenario, steps (10) and (11) in the aforementioned application scenario may be performed in the manner described in the following steps (14) to (16).

(14) The receiving side outputs the route with the highest probability in the L most likely routes.

(15) The receiving side performs a CRC check of the route deduced in step (14), and if the CRC check is successful, the process ends; or if the CRC check fails, then step (16) is performed.

(16) The receiving side adjusts the L value as the value of the next L level depending on the SNR relationship of the signal-to-noise ratio for signal reception, the length N of the polarizing transform polar code, and the L most likely routes. For example, in Table 1, if the current L value is 4, the L value is adjusted as the 8 value of the next L level; if the current L value is 16, the L value is adjusted as the 32 value of the next L level; if the L value is the largest, then the L value adjustment is not performed. As indicated in Table 1, if the current value of L is 32, then the correction of the largest value of L is not performed, and the route with the highest probability in the L selected routes is output; otherwise, step (4) is performed according to the corrected L value. It can be understood that the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above specific application scenarios. For further implementation information, reference may be made to the method embodiment of FIG. 4. Details are not repeated here.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for decoding in embodiments of the present invention. Details are described below. The device 10 for decoding may include: a decoding receiving unit 101, a decoding determining unit 102, and a decoding unit 103.

The decoding receiving unit 101 is configured to receive the polar code and indication information which are sent by the transmitting side, in which the indication information indicates that the length of the polarizing transform polar code is N.

The decoding determination module 102 is configured to determine the number L of the most likely routes of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the length N of the polarizing transform polar code and SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving the polarizing transform code, in which L is a positive integer ...

The decoding unit 103 is configured to: perform SCL list decoding with sequential deletion in the polar code in accordance with the number L of the most likely routes to obtain the L most likely routes; and checking at least one of the L most likely routes to obtain a polarizing transform polar code decoding result.

In particular, the decoding determination module 102 is configured to: determine in accordance with a previously stored mapping ratio of the number of most likely routes between the SNR signal-to-noise ratio, the length N of the polarizing transform polar code code and the number L of most likely routes, while the number L the most likely routes correspond to the polar code. With respect to comparison, the number L of the most probable routes corresponding to a polar code with a high SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving a polar code with a polarizing transform is less than or equal to the value L corresponding to a polar code with a lower SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving a polar code with a polarizing transform , and the L value corresponding to the polar code with the longer code length is greater than or equal to the value L corresponding to the polar code with the shorter code length.

Additionally, the decoding unit 103 is specifically configured to perform a CRC cyclic redundancy check on at least one of the L most likely routes.

Additionally, the decoding unit 103 may include: a first checking unit and a first decoding unit.

The first checker is configured to CRC check the most likely route with the highest probability value in the L most likely routes.

The first decoding unit is configured: if the check is successful, use the most probable route with the highest probability value as the result of decoding the polar code with polarizing transform.

Additionally, the decoding unit 103 may include a second decoding unit.

The second decoding unit is configured to: if the test fails, increase the L value within the threshold range L and perform SCL decoding of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the increased L value to obtain the result of decoding the polarizing transform polar code.

In addition, the decoding unit 103 may include: a second checking unit and a third decoding unit.

The second checker is configured to perform a cyclic redundancy check of the w most likely routes in the L most likely routes, in which w is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to L.

The third decoding unit is configured: if the check of the most probable route completes successfully in w most probable routes, use the most probable route with the highest probability value in the tested most probable route as a result of decoding the polar code with polarizing transformation.

Additionally, the decoding unit 103 may include a fourth decoding unit.

The fourth decoding unit is configured: if the check is not performed on any of the w most probable routes, increase the value of L within the range L of threshold values, and perform SCL decoding of the polar code with polarizing transformation in accordance with the increased value of L to obtain the result of decoding the polar code with polarizing transformation.

Additionally, increasing the L value by the second decoding unit or the fourth decoding unit is specifically as follows:

increasing L by u, where u is a positive integer, or multiplying L by v, where v is greater than one.

Obviously, the functions of the modules in the decoding apparatus 10 are similar to the corresponding functions of the specific implementations in the method embodiments of FIGS. 4. Details are not described here.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an encoding apparatus in embodiments of the present invention. Details are described below. The encoding apparatus 20 may include: an encoding receiving unit 201, an encoding determining unit 202, an encoding unit 203, and a sending unit 204.

The encoding receiving unit 201 is configured to receive a target information sequence in which the length of the target information sequence is K.

The encoding determination unit 202 is configured to determine, in accordance with the length K, the cyclic redundancy check CRC length M for the target information sequence.

The coding unit 203 is configured to add the M length of the CRC check code to the target information sequence and perform polar coding on the information sequence obtained after adding the check code to obtain a polar code of N length.

The sending unit 204 is configured to send to the receiving side a polar code and indication information that indicates the length of the polarizing transform polar code equal to N.

In particular, the encoding determination module 202 is configured to:

determine, in accordance with the previously stored check code mapping ratio between the check code length K and the check code CRC length M, the check code CRC length M corresponding to the target information sequence, in which, with respect to the check code CRC mapping, the check code CRC length M corresponding to the information sequence with greater length K is greater than or equal to the length M of the CRC check code corresponding to the information sequence with shorter length K.

It is obvious that the description of the functions of the modules in the encoding device 20 is similar to the corresponding functions of the specific implementations in the method embodiments of FIGS. 4. Details are not repeated here.

In order to effectively implement the above solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention further provides a corresponding encoder and a corresponding decoder that are configured to assist in implementing the above solutions. Below is a detailed description of the encoder and decoder with reference to diagrams of embodiments of the encoder and decoder in the present invention in FIG. 8 and FIG. nine.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a decoder in the present invention. Decoder 30 in FIG. 8 may be configured to implement method steps in method embodiments. Decoder 30 can be applied to base stations or terminals in various communication systems. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the decoder 30 includes an input unit 301, an output unit 302, a storage unit 303, and a decoding processing unit 304. The decoding processing unit 304 controls the operation of the decoder 30 and may be configured to perform signal processing. The storage unit 303 may include read only memory and random access memory, and provides command and data to the decoding processing unit 304. The portion of the storage unit 303 may further include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM). In a particular use case, the decoder 30 may be embedded in or be a wireless communication device such as a mobile phone, and may further include a housing that houses the input unit 301 and an output unit 302 so that the decoder 30 is configured to receive data and transmit data to a remote device. The input unit 301 and the output unit 302 may be connected to an antenna for transmitting and receiving signals. The components in decoder 30 are connected together using the system bus. In addition to the data bus, the system bus additionally includes a power bus, a control bus and a status signal bus. However, for ease of description in the drawing, the various buses are designated as the system bus.

The storage unit 303 may store an instruction that allows the decoding processing unit 304 to perform the following process:

receiving the polarizing transform polar code and indication information, which are sent by the transmitting side, in which the indication information indicates that the length of the polarizing transform polar code is N;

determining the number L of the most likely routes of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the length N of the polarizing transform polar code and SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving the polarizing transform polar code in which L is a positive integer; and

performing SCL list decoding with successive deletion of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the number of L most likely routes to obtain the L most likely routes; and checking at least one of the L most likely routes to obtain the result of decoding the polarizing transform polar code.

Additionally, the storage unit 303 further stores an instruction that allows the decoding processing unit 304 to perform the following process: determining, according to a previously stored mapping ratio, the number of most likely routes between the SNR of the SNR, the length N of the polarizing transform polar code code and the number L of the most likely routes, the number L of most likely routes corresponding to a polar code, in which, with respect to the display of the number of most likely routes, the value L corresponding to a polar code with a large SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving a polar code with polarizing transform is less than or equal to the value L corresponding to a polar code with a lower SNR signal-to-noise ratio for receiving a polar code with polarizing transform, and the L value corresponding to the polar code with a longer code length is greater than or equal to the L value corresponding to the polar code with a shorter code length and.

Additionally, the storage unit 303 further stores an instruction that allows the decoding processing unit 304 to perform the following process: performing a cyclic redundancy check CRC on at least one of the L most likely routes.

Additionally, the storage unit 303 further stores an instruction that allows the decoding processing unit 304 to perform the following process: performing a cyclic redundancy check CRC of the most likely route with the highest probability value in the L most likely routes; and

if the test succeeds, use the most likely route with the highest probability value as the result of polarizing transform polar decoding.

Additionally, the storage unit 303 further stores an instruction that allows the decoding processing unit 304 to perform the following process: if no check is performed, notifying the transmitting party to retransmit; or

if the check fails, increase the L value within the threshold range L and perform SCL decoding of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the increased L value to obtain the result of decoding the polarizing transform polar code.

Additionally, the storage unit 303 further stores an instruction that allows the decoding processing unit 304 to perform the following process: performing a cyclic redundancy CRC w of the most likely routes in the L most likely routes, in which w is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to L; and

if the check of the selected route in w most probable routes is successful, the most probable route with the highest probability value in the selected routes is used as the result of decoding the polar code with polarizing transformation.

Further, the storage unit 303 further stores an instruction that allows the decoding processing unit 304 to perform the following process: if no check is performed on any of the w most probable routes, notifying the transmitting side to retransmit; or if no check is performed on any of the w most probable paths, increasing the L value within the threshold range L and performing SCL decoding of the polarizing transform polar code in accordance with the increased L value to obtain the result of decoding the polarizing transform polar code.

Additionally, the value of L is increased by u in which u is a positive integer, or L is multiplied by v in which v is greater than 1.

It is obvious that a description of the functions of the functional blocks in the polar code decoder 30 can be made with appropriate reference to specific implementations in the method embodiments of FIG. 4. Details are not described here.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of an encoder in the present invention. The encoder 40 in FIG. 9 may be configured to implement the steps and methods in method embodiments. The encoder 40 can be applied to base stations or terminals in various communication systems. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, encoder 40 includes an input unit 401, an output unit 402, a storage unit 403, and an encoding processing unit 404. The encoding processing unit 404 controls the operation of the encoder 40 and may be configured to perform signal processing. The storage unit 403 may include read only memory and random access memory, and provides instruction and data to the encoding processing unit 404. Part of the storage unit 403 may further include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM) .In a particular use case, the encoder 40 may be embedded in or be a wireless communication device such as a mobile phone, and may further include a housing that houses the input unit 401 and an output unit 402 so that encoder 40 can receive data and transmit data to a remote location. An input unit 401 and an output unit 402 may be connected to an antenna for transmitting and receiving signals. The components in encoder 40 are connected together using the system bus. In addition to the data bus, the bus system additionally includes a power bus, a control bus and a status signal bus. However, for ease of description in the drawing, the various buses are designated as the system bus.

The storage unit 403 may store an instruction that allows the encoding processing unit 404 to perform the following process:

receive a target information sequence in which the length of the target information sequence is K;

determine in accordance with the length K the length M CRC of the cyclic redundancy check for the target information sequence;

add M length of the CRC check code to the target information sequence and perform polar coding in the information sequence obtained after adding the check code to obtain a polar code of N length; and

send to the receiving side the polar code and indication information that indicates that the length of the polarizing conversion polar code is N.

In particular, the storage unit 403 further stores an instruction that allows the encoding processing unit 404 to perform the following process:

determine, in accordance with the previously stored check code mapping ratio between the length K of the information sequence and the length M of the CRC of the check code, the length M CRC of the check code corresponding to the target information sequence, in which, with respect to the display of the check code M, the length of the CRC of the check code corresponding to the information sequence greater length K is greater than or equal to the length M of the CRC check code corresponding to the information sequence with shorter length K.

It is obvious that a description of the functions of the functional blocks in the encoder 40 can be made with appropriate reference to specific implementations in the method embodiments of FIG. 4. Details are not described here.

It should be noted that in the foregoing encoder and decoder disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, the decoding processing unit 304 or the encoding processing unit 404 may be an integrated circuit chip capable of signal processing. At the time of implementation, the steps of the above methods may be implemented using hardware integrated logic in the decoding processing unit 304 or the encoding processing unit 404, or using an instruction in the form of software. Alternatively, this instruction may be implemented and controlled using another appropriate processor to perform the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. Decode processing unit 304 or encoding processing unit 404 may be a general purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete logic gate, or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component and methods, steps, and logic block diagrams that are disclosed in embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or performed.

Referring to FIG. 10, with FIG. 10 illustrates a block diagram of a terminal 50 provided in the present invention. Decoder 30 and encoder 40 in embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a terminal to perform related polar coding and decoding processes of a polar code in embodiments of the present invention. Terminal 50 includes: baseband chip 501, RF / antenna module 502, memory 503 (which may include one or more machine-readable media), and peripheral system 504 such as display (LCD), camera, audio circuitry, touch screen and sensor (one or more sensors can be included). Baseband chip 501 may include, by integration, one or more processors 5011, a timing module 5012, a power management module 5013, and a codec 5014 (which is integrated with the associated functions of decoder 30 and encoder 40). These components can be connected via one or more communication buses.

Memory 503 is coupled to processor 5011 and configured to store various programs and / or multiple sets of instructions. During a particular implementation, memory 503 may include high speed random access memory and may also include nonvolatile memory such as one or more disk storage devices, flash drive, or other nonvolatile solid state storage device.

The RF / antenna module 502 is configured to receive and transmit an RF signal. RF / antenna module 502 communicates with a communication network and other communication device using a RF signal or antenna. During a particular implementation, the RF / antenna module 502 may include, but is not limited to: an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more generators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chip, a SIM card, a storage medium, and the like. In some embodiments, the RF / antenna module 502 may be implemented on an independent chip.

The peripheral system 504 is generally configured to implement communication functions between the terminal 50 and the user / external environment, and generally includes a client I / O device 50. During a particular implementation, the peripheral system 504 may include: a display controller (LCD), camera controller, audio controller, touch controller and sensor control module. Each controller can be connected to a corresponding peripheral device. In some embodiments, the peripheral system 504 may further include another peripheral I / O controller.

The timing module 5012, which is integrated with the baseband chip 501, is mainly configured to generate the clock signal required for data transmission and timing control for the processor 5011. The power management module 5013, which is integrated into the baseband chip 501, is mainly is configured to provide a stable and high-precision voltage level for the processor 5011, RF / antenna module 502, and the peripheral system.

Obviously, a description of the functions performed by the codec 5014 in the baseband chip may be made with appropriate reference to the method steps in the method embodiments of FIGS. 4. Details are not described here.

A person skilled in the art may be aware that, in combination with the examples described in the embodiments disclosed in this specification, the blocks and steps of the algorithm may be implemented with electronic hardware or a combination of software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or software, implementation depends on the specific implementation requirements and design constraints of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use various methods to implement the described functions for each particular use case, but implementation should not be considered as departing from the scope of the present invention.

A person skilled in the art can understand that for the sake of convenience and brevity of describing the detailed workflow of the above system, devices, and apparatus, reference may be made to the corresponding process in the above method embodiments and details are not described here again.

In several embodiments, implementation presented in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the described embodiment is just an example. For example, subdivision of blocks is simply a division of logical functions and may be a different division in a real implementation. For example, many blocks or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some functions may be ignored or not performed. Additionally, displayed or discussed interconnections or direct connections or communication connections may be implemented using some interfaces. Indirect connections or communication connections between devices or units can be implemented in electronic, mechanical or other forms.

Blocks described as separate parts may or may not be physically separated, and parts displayed as blocks may or may not be physical blocks, may be located in one location, or may be distributed over multiple network blocks. Some or all of the devices may be selected according to actual requirements to achieve the goals of the solutions of the embodiments.

Additionally, functional blocks in embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing block, or each of the blocks can be used as one physical block, or two or more blocks are integrated into one block.

When the functions are implemented as a functional block of software and sold or used as an independent product, the functions can be stored on a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention, in essence, or a part that solves the technical problem of the prior art, or some technical solutions can be implemented in the form of a software product. The computer program product is stored on a storage medium and includes several instructions for instructing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, network device, and the like) to perform all or some of the steps of the methods described in embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: any medium that can store program code, such as a USB stick, removable hard disk, read only storage device (ROM, read only memory), random access memory (RAM, random access memory), magnetic disk or an optical disc.

The above descriptions are merely specific implementations of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes or substitutions that are easily understood by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is within the scope of the claims.

Claims (14)

1. A method for encoding a polar code, comprising stages at which a target information sequence is obtained by the transmission side, the length of the target information sequence being K; determining in accordance with the length K the length M of the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for the target information sequence; adding the length M of the check code (CRC) to the target information sequence and performing polar coding of the information sequence obtained after adding the check code to obtain a polar code; and the polar code is transmitted to the receiving side. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining, according to the length K, the length M of the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for the target information sequence comprises a sub-step, in which determining in accordance with a previously stored check code mapping ratio between the length K of the information sequence and the length M of the check code (CRC), the length M of the check code (CRC) corresponding to the target information sequence, and with respect to the mapping of the check code, the length M of the check code (CRC), corresponding information sequence with greater length K is greater than or equal to the length M of the check code (CRC) corresponding to information sequence with shorter length K. 3. A coding device containing: an encoding receiving module, configured to obtain a target information sequence, the length of the target information sequence being K; an encoding determination unit, configured to determine, in accordance with the length K, the length M of a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for the target information sequence; an encoding module configured to add a length M of a check code (CRC) to the target information sequence and perform polar coding in the information sequence obtained after adding the check code to obtain a polar code; and a transmission module adapted to transmit the polar code to the receiving side. 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the encoding determination module is further configured to determining in accordance with a previously stored check code mapping ratio between the length K of the information sequence and the length M of the check code (CRC), the length M of the CRC check code (CRC) corresponding to the target information sequence, and with respect to the display of the check code, the length M of the check code (CRC) corresponding to the information sequence with a greater length K is greater than or equal to the length M of the check code (CRC) corresponding to the information sequence with a shorter length K.

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