RU2734687C2 - Manhole cover of underground utilities - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of sewer hatches.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to implementation of a cover of a hatch in the form of a single structure by pressing from a polymer-sand composition.

EFFECT: technical result is improved reliability of cover locking in hatch of well and reliability of its operation, excluding possibility of unauthorized access to well, as well as increased safety of sewage collectors due to regulation of biogas pressure in them by means of application of adjustable mechanical valves in covers of hatches.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to manhole covers - sewer or inspection and can be used in municipal services.

Known hatch cover, described in the application No. 98113709, according to class. E02D 29/14, app. 1612.1995 g (VBR), publ. April 20, 2000

The known lid contains a top and a base that delimit the space between them, and reinforcing walls extending from the central region of the lid between the top and the base, forming cavities between themselves, and the top, base and reinforcing walls are made of fiberglass-reinforced plastic material, either carbon or composite material. The lid is round or rectangular.

The disadvantage of the known cover is the complexity of the design and the high cost of its manufacture due to the use of carbon or composite material.

Biogas is the aggregate designation of gases and volatile components that are released in sewers and natural processes associated with the fermentation and decomposition of organic substances and materials. Main components: nitrogen (N ₂ ), hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), methane (CH ₄ ), ammonia (NH ₃ ), biological organisms, water vapor, and other substances. The composition and concentration of these components is highly dependent on time, composition of the sewage or biomass mixture, temperature and pH.

All of the above gases are colorless (colorless) in concentrations typical of biogas.

The maximum expected concentrations of components in the biogas composition are as follows: Methane 40-70%; Carbon dioxide 30-60%; Hydrogen sulfide 0-3%; Hydrogen 0-1 percent; Other gases, incl. ammonia 1-5 percent.

Biogas, which can exist in such places as sewers, can be both toxic and explosive - flammable, while it can be odorless, colorless, etc.

Substantial levels of biogas can be hazardous due to toxicity, reduced overall oxygen levels and potential explosion hazards.

To prevent the concentration of biogas in underground utilities, it is necessary to organize adjustable valves in the manhole covers.

The technical result of the solution is to increase the reliability of locking the cover in the well hatch and the reliability of its operation, excluding the possibility of unauthorized access to the well

The technical result of the solution is to improve the safety of sewer collectors by regulating the biogas pressure in them by using adjustable mechanical valves on the manhole covers.

In addition to the fact that this will make it possible to avoid the explosion hazard of manhole covers under the pressure of biogas, visual monitoring of the condition of the valves and the characteristic odor near the manholes will indicate problems associated with the concentration of biogas in the sewer. Timely solution of this problem will allow avoiding an explosion of biogas from an accidental spark and destruction of the roadway above the sewer.

More recently, inspection hatches were made, as a rule, of cast iron, which, frankly speaking, is not very convenient for many reasons, but the main thing is that cast-iron hatches in recent years have become objects of close attention from people of a certain category, who strive for at every convenient and inconvenient occasion, to steal them and hand them over at a reasonable price to scrap metal collection points.

Open hatches on the roads are a danger that constantly awaits us. Indeed, in every district of the city there is sure to be a hatch that poses a real threat not only to our property, but also to life. An open well is most often located in the driveway, or worse, near a playground or school. Often, city authorities and utilities themselves do not know the state of the wells of underground utilities, although according to the improvement rules they are obliged to check the condition of the well covers every month, or even more often.

Currently, the production of polymer-sand sewer manholes has been established, which surpass their cast-iron "colleagues" in many respects: composite manholes for the well are not objects of theft, since they do not contain metal; water absorption of hatches is only 0.8%. That is, the product does not actually absorb moisture; the price of these hatches is about 2-3 times less than their cast iron counterparts; a huge plus is its strong resistance to temperature extremes. The properties of the hatches do not change from -60 to +70 degrees Celsius; full compliance with the rules of SanEPiN, relatively low weight. On average, 2 times lower than their cast iron counterparts; polymer sewer hatches can be used for up to 50 years.

Known manhole cover, described in St. RF No. 32141 "Manhole hatch" for cl. E02D 29/12, 29/14, E03F 5/02, h. 07.03.03., Publ. 10.09.2003. The known cover contains a reinforcing cage made of outer and inner rings of sheet metal and steel rods rigidly connected to it, forming the lower and upper chords, filled with a non-metallic binder material, which is concrete, polymer concrete, fiber reinforced concrete, polymer compositions, etc. materials.

The disadvantage of the known cover is the complexity of its manufacture and insufficient strength, respectively, due to the complexity of manufacturing the frame of their two rings - external and internal, connected to each other by means of radial rods, and the technology of manufacturing by casting (i.e. casting). In addition, concrete, polymer concrete, fiber-reinforced concrete are quite expensive materials, and a significant amount of metal in the cover reinforcement can also be a temptation for thieves.

Known manhole cover, described in p. RF No. 34948 "Manhole cover of the inspection well" according to cl. E02D 29/14, 29/12, app. 11.08.03. publ. 12/20/03 and selected as a prototype. The known cover includes annular ribs on its outer surface and lugs located around the perimeter, and is made of a metal frame in the form of a disk located in its center with holes, radial rays connecting the disk with a bordering circle, and filled with thermoplastic material to a given shape and size ...

The disadvantage of the known cover is the complexity of the design, due to the complexity of manufacturing a metal frame - in the form of a disk with holes and radial rays connecting the disk with the bordering circle. In addition, the significant metal content in the lid can also be a temptation for vandal-robbers.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed are the manhole covers described in the patent for useful model No.: 67117 "Manhole cover (options)", publication date: 10.10.2007.

The task is to simplify the design while making it cheaper and increasing the safety of its operation.

The task is solved by:

In the first embodiment, the execution of a manhole cover by pressing on a small metal frame in the form of a rectangular lattice of rods filled with a polymer-sand composition, consisting of 15-17% polymer that has lost its consumer properties, 82.9-83.9% of sand and 0.05- 0.15% dye,

In the second embodiment, the lid is made in the form of a single structure by pressing the frame and filling it from a polymer-sand composition containing 15-17% of the polymer that has lost its consumer properties, 82.9-84.9% of sand and 0.1% of the dye in conjunction with the implementation of the frame in the form of stiffening ribs from the same composition allows you to get a fairly simple, durable and cheap structure that does not represent a temptation for thieves.

In the third embodiment, the execution of the manhole cover in the form of a single structure by pressing from a polymer-sand composition containing 15-17% of the polymer that has lost its consumer properties, 82.9-84.9%) - sand and 0.05-0.15% of the dye makes it possible to obtain a simple, reasonably strong and cheap construction that is not tempting to thieves.

The technical result is to obtain a simple, cheap design that does not represent a temptation for plunderers of metal.

The main disadvantage of the hatches of all the options discussed above is that the solution to the existing safety problem due to the accumulation of biogas in sewers is not considered.

The task is to increase safety in underground utilities by preventing the concentration of biogas and increasing the reliability of locking the cover in the well hatch, excluding the possibility of unauthorized access to the well.

The problem is solved by the fact that the manhole cover, made in the form of a single extruded structure of a polymer-sand composition, contains a plate, in the center of which there is a pressure valve mechanism, consisting of a body, a valve with a socket with a left thread for a plug for a manhole cover remover and a spring , washers and a threaded surface for a nut to adjust the degree of tightening to the response pressure of the valve mechanism.

FIG. 1 shows the general structure of the safety valve of the hatch. FIG. 2 - the body of the safety valve of the hatch In Fig. 3 - valve of the safety valve of the hatch In Fig. 4 - plug of the hatch removal hole. FIG. 5 - diagram of the key for removing the hatch.

FIG. 6 - safety valve of the hatch in the inoperative position. FIG. 7 - safety valve of the hatch in working position.

The hatch cover contains a plate 1 (Fig. 1), a pressure valve located in its center, consisting of a body 2, a valve 3, a plug for the opening of a hatch cover 4, washers 5, a spring 6 and a nut 7.

The working surface of the safety valve body is the seat for the valve chamfer 8 (Fig. 2).

The valve consists of a valve head, the working surface of which is a chamfer 9 (Fig. 3), a socket for a stripper (plug) with a cut left thread 10, a threaded surface for a nut.

The plug (Fig. 4) is designed to protect the socket for the stripper from clogging with dirt. Its main parts are a keyway 12 and a threaded surface (left-hand thread) for socket 13.

The hatch cover remover (Fig. 5) consists of a body, a four-sided tip 14 for unscrewing (screwing in) the plug from (in) the valve seat 10, a threaded surface 15 for screwing into the valve seat 10, for removing the cover 1 and the handle 16.

The threaded surface 15 of the stripper is cut left-sided (rare) to prevent unauthorized access to the well.

When assembling the valve mechanism of the hatch cover, by tightening the nut, the springs adjust the valve to the opening pressure. FIG. 6 shows the valve train in a working and non-working position.

The claimed manhole cover with a safety valve can be widely used in public utilities and road construction, and therefore meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

Claims (1)

The hatch cover, made in the form of a single pressed structure of a polymer-sand composition, contains a plate, in the center of which there is a pressure valve mechanism, consisting of a body, a valve with a left-hand threaded socket for a plug for a hatch cover remover and a spring, washers and a threaded surface under a nut for adjusting the degree of tightening to the response pressure of the valve mechanism.

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