RU2734049C1 - Ingrown and deformed nails correction device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to devices for correction of ingrown and deformed nails. Proposed device comprises support element accommodating one to four shoulders and one to four wire loops. Each of the loops is connected to the corresponding shoulder and the support element. Support element is configured to be mounted on a nail plate using an adhesive or light cured composite material. Each shoulder is made of spring-rigid wire and has at its end means for fixing shoulder on edge of nail plate. Each loop is made with possibility of its swirling for attraction of the corresponding shoulder towards the support element with creation and adjustment of the specified shoulder tension on each side of the nail plate independently from other shoulders. Means for fixation of shoulder on edge of nail plate is made in form of bend for its fixation on surface of nail plate by means of composite material or hook for its fixation under nail plate.

EFFECT: device allows independent adjustment of tension of each shoulder separately independently from other shoulders, and also to use the device even in case of nail plate extension to soft tissues in hyponychial space.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to devices for the correction of ingrown and deformed nails.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a device for correcting ingrown and deformed nails (EP 2508154 A1, 10.10.2012), / 1 /. The known technical solution III has two arms, each of which is made of spring steel wire and is connected to its own support. The said supports have surfaces with which they are attached to the surface of the nail plate. In this case, each of the mentioned support is attached to its own soft wire, which twists and creates an interference on the shoulder. The disadvantage of this invention is that the tension of the shoulders on each side of the nail plate will be the same, and therefore, accurate autonomous adjustment of the tension of each shoulder separately is not provided. When twisting both shoulders in one loop, they inevitably pull towards the center, thereby providing tension, but doing it evenly on each side. It is impossible to control this process, let alone divide it into metered traction on each side. This creates tension in the frame of the nail plate, which creates discomfort for the patient during treatment. In addition, the arms of the device are attached to the nail plate by means of a hook made on the shoulder, which prevents the device from being fixed when the patient's nail plate strongly adheres to the soft tissues in the subungual space or is close to the bed, thereby creating a lack of space for the hook.

The technical problem of the claimed invention is to adjust the shoulder tension on each side of the nail plate independently of the other shoulders.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the expansion of technological capabilities, which is achieved by creating the same or different preset shoulder tension on each side of the nail plate and adjusting the preset shoulder tension on each side of the nail plate independently of the other shoulders. In addition, it is possible to install the device on the patient's nail plate, which strongly adheres to soft tissues in the subungual space or is close to the bed, and also prevents the creation of tension in the frame of the nail plate.

The claimed technical result is achieved by a device for correcting ingrown and deformed nails, which contains a support element, on which 1-4 arms and 1-4 wire loops are installed, each of which is connected to a corresponding shoulder and a support element, while the support element is designed to be installed on the nail plate using glue or light-cured composite material, each shoulder is made of a spring-rigid wire and has at its end means for fixing the shoulder to the edge of the nail plate, and each loop is made with the possibility of twisting it to pull the corresponding shoulder towards the supporting element with creating and adjusting a predetermined shoulder tension on each side of the nail plate independently of the other shoulders.

Said means for securing the shoulder at the edge of the nail plate can be made in the form of a bend for fixing it on the surface of the nail plate by means of a composite material or a hook for fixing under the nail plate.

In the particular case of the invention, the shoulder is made of wire with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm and contains sequentially located sections, including means for securing the shoulder at the edge of the nail plate, a forearm made of straight wire, a Λ-shaped amplifier, a hitch having a radius rounds to connect with a wire loop, and a shank made of straight wire and located perpendicular to the forearm.

In a particular case of the invention, the shoulder has an arcuate shape, contains a hook at the end of the wire, opposite to the means for securing the shoulder at the edge of the nail plate, and is made of wire 0.3-0.5 mm in diameter, and the convexity of the arcuate shoulder is directed from the surface of the nail plate ...

In the particular case of the invention, the loop is made of wire with a diameter of 0.25-0.3 mm.

Graphic images:

FIG. 1 is a general view of a device for correcting ingrown and deformed nails;

FIG. 2 - shoulder with straight thrust;

FIG. 3 - spring shoulder.

The device for correcting ingrown and deformed nails contains a support element 1, on which from one to four arms 2 are installed for installation on both opposite sides of the nail plate and from one to four wire loops 3, each of which is connected to a corresponding arm and a support element. The supporting element 1 is designed to be mounted on the nail plate using glue or light-curing composite material. Each shoulder 2 is made of a spring-rigid wire and has at its end means for securing the shoulder at the edge of the nail plate. Each loop 3 is made of a soft wire, for example, an aluminum ligature wire, with the possibility of twisting it to pull the corresponding shoulder towards the supporting element with the creation and adjustment of a predetermined shoulder tension on each side of the nail plate independently of the other shoulders. In this case, in the course of treatment, each loop 3 can be twisted to increase the tension or untwisted to loosen the tension on the side of the nail plate, on which the shoulder is fixed. the surface of the nail plate by means of a composite material or made in the form of a hook for installation under the nail plate.

The following is a constructive implementation of each structural element of the claimed device and its manufacture before installation on the patient's nail plate.

The support element 1 is made in the form of a button and is designed to attract the edges of the nail to it by means of the shoulder 2. The support element can be attached over the nail plate with glue or a light-curing dental fluid / pasty composite. The choice of the method of fixation depends on the duration of the wearing of the system: glue 5-10 days, light-cured composite 2 weeks or more. The support element can be made of composite material, ceramic or medical steel. Ceramic or composite are more environmentally friendly materials in conjunction with the nail plate. These materials are used in particular in dentistry, as they are absolutely inert in areas of mucous membranes, etc., and therefore the support element will not be subject to oxidation and deformation during wear (the leg sweats and the person takes a bath).

Arm 2 is made of spring-rigid wire with a diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 mm. Arm 2 is a one-piece structural element that consists of several parts. The shoulders have two structural designs and operate on the principle of direct traction (hereinafter referred to as a shoulder with direct traction) and on the principle of a spring (hereinafter referred to as a spring arm). An arm with a straight pull contains sequentially located sections: a means for securing the shoulder at the edge of the nail plate 4, a forearm 5 made of straight wire, a Λ-shaped amplifier 6, a hitch 7 having a radius of curvature for connecting to a wire loop, and a shank 8 made of straight wire and perpendicular to the forearm. The fabrication of the shoulder begins with the fabrication of the amplifier using v-shaped forceps. A piece of wire 5 to 10 cm long is placed between the jaws of the forceps and clamped. On one side of the amplifier, a coupling is made, which is made using round-nose pliers - the sponges of the round-nose pliers are placed on one side of the amplifier and bend to the right. The round nose pliers are rearranged and folded up. The means for securing the shoulder at the edge of the nail plate 4 in the form of a hook or bend on round-nose pliers are produced. The edge of the wire is rounded off with round-nose pliers, the excess is cut off. The spring shoulder has an arcuate shape, contains a hook 9 at the end of the wire opposite to the means for securing the shoulder at the edge of the nail plate, and is made of wire with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm, and the convexity of the arcuate shoulder is directed from the surface of the nail plate. When performing the means for securing the shoulder at the edge of the nail plate in the form of a hook, its thickness repeats the thickness of the wall of the nail with which the work is performed. When attaching the means for fixing the shoulder on the edge of the nail plate in the form of a bend on the composite, its edge is carefully bent towards the direction of the matrix zone and cut to a length of about 3 mm.

The loop is made as follows. Cut a piece of soft stainless wire with a diameter of 0.25-0.3 mm. The length of the cut piece is from 5 to 10 cm. A small loop is formed from this piece of wire, which is thrown between the support element and the shoulder hitch. The creation and adjustment of a predetermined shoulder tension is carried out depending on the design of the shoulder: by ensuring tension of the shoulder completely adjacent to the surface of the nail plate with a straight pull, or due to the elastic properties of the spring shoulder. In the case of a shoulder with a straight traction, the wall of the nail plate is tensioned in accordance with the principle of a rope, i.e. if one end of the rope is fixed on the wall and the other end is pulled by hands, then the traction force will be transferred from one end to the other. In the case of a spring arm, the traction of the nail edge is provided due to the springing properties of the wire itself, from which the arms are made. In this case, the traction on each side of the nail plate is carried out separately and independently. All tension is fixed between the support member and the specific shoulder. The use of a loop wire diameter of 0.25-0.3 allows you to accurately and efficiently lay each turn of the tightened wire to ensure a better and more uniform tension.

The operation of the claimed device is carried out as follows.

The support element is installed and fixed on the nail plate. Marking is made on the nail plate relative to the installed support element. On both sides of the support element, indents are marked within 3-5 mm. In the case of an arm with a straight thrust, it will move towards the support element and take the place of these indents. In the case of a springy shoulder, these indents are also necessary for the free movement of the shoulder. Fixation with glue is carried out by applying a drop of glue to the lower part of the support element and pressing the support element against the nail using a needle holder. After 3-10 seconds, the fixation is complete. Use any second glue. Before fixing the support element, the nail must be sanded and degreased beforehand. Grinding is carried out using a diamond cutter or nail file. Degreasing the surface of the nail is carried out using a regular alcohol wipe. When fixing the support element using a light-curing dental composite, sanding the nail, degreasing it with an alcohol wipe, applying a self-etching adhesive to it, and drying it with a dental lamp until the adhesive forms a film on the surface of the nail plate. Similarly, you can apply a drop of adhesive to the inside of the support element and dry it - this will allow you to even more securely fix the support element on the nail. Next, a drop or part of said composite is applied to the nail, the support element is pressed at this point of the nail plate and dried by means of a dental lamp. The support element can be fixed anywhere on the nail plate.

In the case of the shoulder with straight traction, the shoulder should be completely laid along the nail plate without gaps to it using round-nose pliers. Next, the hook is placed under the nail plate, and the shoulder itself should be placed on the nail no further than the indentation zone. Then a loop of soft wire is twisted with a needle holder clockwise in the direction from the support element in the direction opposite from the shoulder. In the process of twisting, a slight tension of the soft wire is made towards itself. This tension makes it possible to better lay each turn of soft wire one after the other, and, accordingly, to provide a smoother shoulder tension. In the process of twisting, the shoulder will move towards the support element, thereby raising the wall of the nail plate. After creating the necessary traction on the nail plate, the excess soft wire and the tail of the shoulder sticking up is cut off with side cutters.

The entire structure around the area of the support element is coated with a flowable or pasty composite, acrylic or gel for nail extension and polymerized so that the sharp edges of the wire do not tear the patient's tights or socks. This fixation additionally holds the device securely on the nail plate. After polymerization of the material, excess protruding wire, if any, is additionally sawn off using a diamond cutter. In the case of a spring shoulder, a similar principle is used with one difference - the shoulder should not initially be adjacent to the nail plate. The end of the shoulder containing the hook is set with a gap to the surface of the nail plate. The size of the gap between the said end of the shoulder and the surface of the nail will provide the necessary traction and regulate it. The larger the gap, the stronger the thrust. The size of the gap can be adjusted using round nose pliers, depending on how much tension you want to create on the nail plate. After setting the desired traction, the shoulder is pressed against the nail plate with the help of a finger and then attracted by twisting the loop towards the supporting element, while attracting to the plane of the nail, the distant end of the wire, as a result of which the second end of the wire containing the hook (and with it the edge nail plate), rises automatically.

In the event that ingrown and deformed nails have an asymmetric arrangement of growth zones, it is advisable to use two, three or four of these devices for correcting ingrown and deformed nails. In this case, each supporting element of the device is installed opposite the point of growth and each shoulder will pull the edge of the nail plate to its supporting element, without violating the features of the anatomical structure of the nail plate.

In the case when the patient's nails do not lend themselves well to correction, for example, are too thick or have a high hardness, then add one or more additional shoulders to the existing two shoulders (one / two on each side of the nail plate) to create additional tension on that the side of the nail plate from which it is required. Additional arms can be made as a straight-pull arm or a spring arm. Additional arms can be installed on top of the main structure or below it.

In the case when it is not possible to install a hook under the nail plate, the shoulder is attached to the nail by means of a composite material. This may be required when the patient's nail plate adheres very strongly to the soft tissues in the subungual space or is very close to the bed, creating a lack of space for the hook. Fastening with a composite material allows the system to be fixed to the nail without using a hook. To do this, use a means to secure the shoulder at the edge of the nail plate in the form of a bend of 3 mm length. The area of the nail plate, where the shoulder bend will be fixed, is degreased with an alcohol wipe and sanded with a rotating tool. The surface of the nail should be slightly rough to ensure the best adhesion to the flowable composite material. A light-curing self-etching adhesive is applied to the indicated area of the nail, allowed to dry for 10 seconds and illuminated with a polymerization lamp. A small drop of light-curing composite material is applied, the bend of the shoulder is placed in this drop and the place is illuminated with a dental lamp. Thus, a firm attachment of the shoulder to the nail plate with a bend is obtained. For such an attachment, both a straight-pull arm and a spring arm can be used.

Claims (5)

1. A device for the correction of ingrown and deformed nails, characterized in that it contains a support element, on which 1-4 arms and 1-4 wire loops are installed, each of which is connected to a corresponding shoulder and a support element, while the support element is made with the possibility of installation on the nail plate using glue or light-curing composite material, each shoulder is made of a spring-rigid wire and has at its end means for securing the shoulder on the edge of the nail plate, and each loop is made with the possibility of twisting it to pull the corresponding shoulder towards the supporting element with the creation and adjustment of a given shoulder tension on each side of the nail plate, independently of the other shoulders. 2. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that said means for securing the shoulder on the edge of the nail plate is made in the form of a bend for fixing it on the surface of the nail plate by means of a composite material or a hook for fastening under the nail plate. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shoulder is made of wire with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm and contains sequentially located sections, including a means for securing the shoulder on the edge of the nail plate, the forearm made of straight wire, Λ- a shaped reinforcement, a hitch having a radius of curvature for connection with a wire loop, and a shank made of straight wire and located perpendicular to the forearm. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shoulder has an arcuate shape, contains a hook at the end of the wire, opposite to the means for securing the shoulder on the edge of the nail plate, and is made of wire 0.3-0.5 mm in diameter, and the bulge is arcuate the shape of the shoulder is directed from the surface of the nail plate. 5. Device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the loop is made of wire with a diameter of 0.25-0.3 mm.

Images