RU2733871C2 - Method for cleaning bottomhole zones of producers and injection wells and device for implementation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil, gas and coke-chemical industry; construction.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to mining, oil producing and construction industries, in particular, to installations for impact on formation, for cleaning of bottomhole zones and filters of producers and injection wells, as well as compaction of soil and concrete. In carrying out the method, cleaning is performed with cycles alternating in each cycle of waves of compression and rarefaction of borehole fluid, depending on degree of contamination of oil reservoir, repeatedly, using receivers of different capacity. Each cleaning cycle is performed by an outlet high-speed pneumatic generator via a docking unit, and the well is filled with a borehole fluid, after which well fluid supply line by means of high-speed outlet pneumatic generator is closed, then a control signal is sent from the control panel to electromagnetic valves, by which inlet pneumatic generators are initiated, through which compressed gas agent stored in receivers is instantaneously discharged through the docking unit into the well with creation of pressure on the well fluid and formation of a gas cushion above its mirror. In order to create negative pressure in gas cushion, high-speed exhaust pneumatic generators are immediately closed, and upon arrival of reflected borehole wave, outlet pneumatic generator is opened into discharge line. When amplitude peak passes, outlet pneumatic generator of discharge line is sharply closed, creating reflected wave, by means of which oscillation process in well is repeated.

EFFECT: high-quality cleaning and continuous production cycle, exposure of formation fluids and compaction of soil before piling.

7 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mining, oil production and construction industries, namely to installations for influencing the formation, for cleaning bottomhole zones and filters of production and injection wells, as well as soil compaction and reducing concrete permeability. Provides high-quality cleaning, increased concentration of minerals and environmental friendliness of the installation.

Known installation for the treatment of bottomhole zones of oil and gas producing and water injection wells, containing a line equipped with shutoff valves for supplying fluid to the well, a pneumatic generator of compression-rarefaction waves in a well fluid, a compressed gas agent supply line, a system for dumping a compressed gas agent, a piston group with shutoff elements, and windows are made in the side wall for discharge of the compressed gas agent from the head cavity (SU 1373024, class Е21В 43 / 25,1991).

The disadvantages of the known installation include:

1) low cleaning efficiency due to the impossibility of creating compression-rarefaction waves with steep fronts in the borehole fluid;

2) the absence in the installation of means of protection against abnormal situations, in particular, the release of oil and gas manifestations from the reservoir into the open atmosphere, which makes the installation dangerous in terms of ecology.

From the prior art, there is a known installation for the treatment of bottomhole zones of oil and gas bearing formations (see RU 2318984 C2, publ .: 03/10/2008), comprising a line for supplying liquid to the well, equipped with shutoff valves, a pneumatic generator, supply lines for a compressed gas agent with shutoff valves and a discharge system compressed gas agent with shut-off elements. Moreover, the pneumatic generator includes a head with a full-bore section, containing an exhaust hole with an end wall, installed with an open end on the well, for the compressed gas supply through the compressed gas agent supply lines, and the stop valves of the gas agent supply line are made in the form of a fast-acting shut-off valve. The decision was made for the prototype.

The technical problems of the plant known from the prototype include:

1) low cleaning efficiency due to the impossibility of creating compression-rarefaction waves with steep fronts in the borehole fluid; speed less than 1 sec.

2) the absence in the installation of means of protection against abnormal situations, in particular, the release of oil and gas manifestations from the reservoir into the open atmosphere, which makes the installation dangerous in terms of ecology.

3) the inability to use the prototype as a high-speed supply, relief valve.

The object of the invention is to eliminate these technical problems of the prototype.

The technical result, which can be achieved using the proposed installation, is to ensure high-quality cleaning and a continuous production cycle, impact on formation fluids and soil compaction before pouring piles. An increase in the concentration of minerals is also achieved when processing wells in the mining industry by leaching. An additional technical result that can be achieved using the proposed installation consists in the frequency response of the supplied pulse, which has a low-frequency response of the carrier wave of less than one hertz with a higher frequency component, which has a seismic effect on the formation. In addition, it is possible to work without a workover crew. Well bend does not affect the passage of the shock wave (the ability to work in horizontal wells). A higher efficiency is achieved due to the speed of operation of pneumatic generators 0.02 sec., The possibility of impacting a shock pulse directly on the transmitting medium without an air cushion, an increase in the interface interaction surface, impact on the interface between a liquid and a solid, destruction (washing away) of the boundary layer by cavitation flows, dispersing and emulsifying.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the claimed method of cleaning bottomhole zones, in which cleaning is carried out in cycles with alternating in each cycle of compression and discharge waves of the well fluid, depending on the degree of contamination of the oil reservoir, and in the bottomhole zone, cleaning is performed repeatedly using receivers of various capacities and an exhaust pneumatic generator, characterized in that each cleaning cycle is carried out by an exhaust pneumatic generator through the docking block, and the well is filled with borehole fluid, after which the line for supplying the borehole fluid is closed by means of a high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator, then a signal is sent to the electromagnetic valves, which initiate high-speed inlet pneumatic generators, through which the compressed gas agent stored in the receivers is instantly discharged through the docking block into the well, creating pressure on the well fluid b and the formation of a gas cushion above her mirror.

It is possible that in order to create a vacuum in the gas cushion, the high-speed exhaust pneumatic generators are instantly closed, and when the reflected borehole wave arrives, the high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator is opened into the discharge line.

It is possible that an inert gas or technical nitrogen is used as a compressed gas agent.

It is possible that the compressed gas from the gas cushion is discharged into the receiving container through the muffler through the discharge line through the outlet pipeline.

It is possible that when the peak of the amplitude passes, the high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator, the discharge line is abruptly closed, creating a reflected wave, with the help of which the oscillatory process in the well is repeated.

It is possible that, if necessary, the cleaning cycles are repeated.

It is acceptable that the result of cleaning is determined by instrumentation, for which instrumentation is lowered into the free flange of the docking block in the bottomhole zone.

It is possible that at the end of the cleaning process, which is determined by the readings of the control and measuring equipment, the well fluid in the rarefaction phase is drained into a special storage (barn).

It is possible that the coordination of the trigger moment during the operation of two installations by the method of counter resonance over the areas is carried out automatically through the controller.

It is possible that the leaching method affects the rate of the chemical reaction and increases the concentration of the ore body several times.

It is admissible that the coordination of the operation of high-speed pneumatic generators is carried out through the control panel with an amplitude synchronization of at least 0.0002 sec.

It is acceptable that the timing of the triggering of the high-speed inlet and outlet pneumatic generators occurs automatically through an electronic controller.

Also declared is an installation for the treatment of bottomhole zones of oil and gas reservoirs and ore minerals, containing a high-speed pneumatic generator, a compressed gas agent supply line with shutoff valves and a compressed gas agent discharge system with shutoff elements, and the pneumatic generators include a head with a full-bore section containing an exhaust hole , with an end wall, installed with an open end on the well, for the supply of compressed gas through the supply lines of the compressed gas agent, and the shut-off valves of the supply line of the gas agent are made in the form of a high-speed shut-off valve, characterized in that it contains several high-speed pneumatic generators that are installed through the docking a block, fixed with an open end on the well, for the supply of compressed gas through the supply lines of the compressed gas agent, and the shutoff valves of the gas supply line are made in the form of an inlet high-speed pneumatic generator ora with a speed of 0.02 sec.

It is possible that the installation includes a muffler, which has a flow area exceeding the flow area of the exhaust hole, and which is equipped with partitions with openings of different cross-sections and a pipeline, which together with it forms a system for discharging a compressed gas agent from the well.

It is permissible that a compressed gas discharge system can be made in the upper part of the docking block in order to completely release it from the air cushion, as well as through built-in valves.

It is possible that the shut-off elements of the dump system are made in the form of high-speed exhaust pneumatic generators with a speed of 0.02 sec.

It is possible that the shut-off valves of the discharge system are installed on the docking block.

It is acceptable that the shut-off valve of the dump system is a high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator with a speed of 0.02 sec.

It is possible that the shut-off valves of the discharge system, made in the form of a high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator, are used as a reflected wave generator.

It is admissible that the exhaust port of the high-speed inlet pneumatic generator in the “comb” design is several times larger than the flow section of the end flange of the docking block.

It is possible that the discharge system is equipped with a receiving container or a system of outlet pipelines.

It is admitted that a standard capacity is used as receiving containers.

It is possible that it is designed to operate in a well with high wellhead pressure.

It is admitted that it is made with the possibility of using a receiver store.

It is permissible that it includes a muffler, which has three baffles, each of which has a hole of a different section.

It is possible that it is made with the ability to work in the method of counter resonance, both vertically and horizontally.

It is admitted that it is made with the ability to work across areas.

It is possible that it is designed to be used for soil compaction.

It is possible that it has submersible actuation sensors to synchronize the reset when the backward wave passes.

It is admitted that it has built-in pressure sensors to synchronize the moment of impulse delivery from high-speed inlet pneumatic generators.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1-4 depicts a setup for oilfield applications with backward wave amplitude synchronization.

FIG. 1 the device is shown in the initial position when the well is filled with liquid before overflow.

FIG. 2 the device is shown at the moment of the compressed gas agent exhaust into the well.

FIG. 3 the device is depicted at the moment of pressure relief from the well according to the signal from the sensor, which registers the passage of the reflected wave from the bottom of the shock wave.

FIG. 4, the device is shown in a head embodiment with a reduced hydraulic resistance.

FIG. 5 depicts an arrangement for compacting and reducing the permeability of soil and concrete in a construction field.

FIG. 6 shows an installation for use in the mining industry for stimulating the formation in order to increase the concentration of minerals and accelerate the chemical reaction. This process occurs due to the passage of long waves that have a seismic effect on the ore body.

FIG. 7 shows the layout of the unit for use in the oil industry with a well depth of up to 3000 m.

FIG. 8 shows the layout of the installation for use in the oil industry with a well depth of more than 3000 m and for vertical treatment of the perforation zone of the well using the counter-resonance method.

FIG. 9 shows an installation for use in the mining and oil industry for processing fields by area using the counter resonance method.

In figures 1-9, the device contains: 1 - a docking block, 2 - a fast-acting inlet pneumatic generator, 3 - a spool for removing a gas cushion when filling a well with liquid, 4 - a compressed gas agent supply line, 5 - a receiver, 6 - an outlet fast-acting pneumatic generator, 7 - liquid supply line for filling the well, 8 - sensor for recording the passage of the reflected wave, 9 - chambers of the separation unit, 10 - perforated partitions, 11 - silencer, 12 - well, 13 - compressor, 14 cylinders with a compressed gas agent, 15 - control panel for compressed gas agent, 16 - outlet pipelines, 17 - receiving tank, 18 - control panel for electric valves, 19 - branch pipe, 20 - electric valve.

Implementation of the invention

To achieve the specified technical result, a plant is proposed for the treatment of bottomhole zones of oil and gas bearing formations, containing a line for supplying liquid to the well equipped with shut-off valves, in the form of a high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator, in the supply line of a compressed gas agent, equipped with shut-off valves in the form of high-speed inlet pneumatic generators and a discharge system compressed gas agent with high-speed exhaust pneumatic generators installed on the docking block containing an exhaust hole with an end flange installed with an open end on the well where the discharge from the high-speed inlet generators is carried out and a high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator is installed in the discharge line, which at a given moment provides instant unloading 0.02 sec. at the moment the reflected wave of the borehole fluid with the gas agent passes through the muffler into the receiving tank. The device contains a docking block 1 with installed high-speed exhaust pneumatic generators 2, which has a spool 3 in the upper part to remove a gas cushion when filling the well with liquid, a supply line 4 of a compressed gas agent stored before exposure to a receiver 5, a line for dumping a spent agent through an exhaust high-speed pneumatic generator 6, fluid supply line 7 for filling the well, sensor 8 for recording the passage of the reflected wave, muffler 11 of the spent gas agent with droplet inclusions of the well fluid, consisting of a series of chambers 9 connected in series with perforated baffles 10, the last chamber having pipes for draining the well fluid , for example, in an oil pit, and discharge into the atmosphere of the separated gas.

In a preferred embodiment, the manufactured installation includes a muffler that provides unloading when the wellbore fluid is discharged from the well, has a flow area exceeding the flow area of the exhaust hole and which is equipped with at least three baffles with holes of different cross-sections and is connected by a pipeline to the exhaust hole of the high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator a with the other side is connected to the receiving container.

In a preferred embodiment, the installation includes at least one or two high-speed inlet pneumatic generators located on the V-shaped docking block, and in shallow wells up to 1000 m. The branches on the V-shaped block can be located at 90 degrees. For deeper wells, on the V-shaped docking block, the bends are located at an angle that provides the maximum vector of addition of the resulting forces, and the number of bends can vary from 2 to 5, depending on the conditions of the work being carried out and the ease of installation. When carrying out work on counter resonance along the length of the perforation, an additional docking block with inlet high-speed pneumatic generators is added from above. In order to eliminate oscillation of the rack with downhole fittings, high-speed exhaust pneumatic generators are mounted oppositely on both sides of the docking block (towards each other). To carry out work on the areas using the counter-resonance method, two Atlas units are required, located on adjacent wells. It is possible to install an additional docking block both on the central inlet flange and on the V-shaped branch according to the comb system. Preferably, the total area of the exhaust cross-sections of the high-speed inlet pneumatic generators is larger than the flow area of the docking block. Preferably, the shut-off elements of the discharge system, made in the form of high-speed exhaust pneumatic generators, are mounted on the docking block in one of its sockets.

Preferably, the exhaust port of the fast acting pneumatic generators is commensurate with the flow area of the docking block end flange.

Preferably, the control panel for solenoid valves allows synchronization of the simultaneous operation of the intake pneumatic generators with an accuracy of 0.002 sec.

Due to the modified design of the high-speed pneumatic generator and the release of the well cavity from its elements, as well as the execution of an exhaust hole in the end wall of the docking block, compression-rarefaction waves with steep fronts are created in the well fluid. This is achieved by the fact that, in the compression phase, the compressed gas is instantly and unimpededly supplied to the well fluid surface without the formation of a gas cushion, since the cavity of the docking block is filled with well fluid. In this case, a compression wave with a steep front, transferring energy with a high flux density through the pipe as through a waveguide with insignificant attenuation, ensures the transition of the molecules of the fluid that saturates the rock - the reservoir, into a state of strong interaction, the result of which is a huge wedging pressure. This pressure exceeds the rock pressure, ensuring the opening of the reservoir filtration channels. The steep front rarefaction wave replacing the compression wave, due to the indicated changes in the generator design, creates a cavitation cavity in the fluid and ensures the ejection of bridging particles from the formation into the well. In the case of work on wells with increased wellhead pressure, it is possible to work without a supply line 7 of well fluid and a high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator connected to this line.

The location of the high speed discharge pneumatic generator in the discharge line is also determined by operational and process considerations. An important result when using the proposed design scheme in the installation is an additional branch in the docking block for penetration through it to the bottom of the well or into the interval of the near-wellbore zone of the oil reservoir of instrumentation and monitoring the cleaning process, which increases the operational characteristics of the installation.

FIG. 7 schematically shows a general view of the installation, with a muffler 11 connected by a branch pipe for discharge of wellbore fluid, with a receiving container.

The installation contains a docking block 1 installed on the well 12, coaxially with it, having docking flanges in the upper part in the required amount. In the side wall of the docking block, a line for supplying well fluid 7 with a high-speed outlet pneumatic generator 6 and a line for supplying a compressed gas agent 4 with high-speed inlet pneumatic generators 2 from receivers 5 are connected. 6 to FIG. 8 shows an arrangement with a muffler 11, a branch pipe 19 with the formation of a line for the discharge of compressed gas through the outlet pipelines 16 into the receiving container 17.

The installation works as follows.

Cleaning is carried out in cycles with alternation in each cycle of compression and decompression waves of the well fluid, depending on the degree of contamination of the oil reservoir, in the bottomhole zone, cleaning can be performed repeatedly using different receiver capacities, depending on the receiver store and the number of high-speed inlet pneumatic valves installed on the docking block. generators 2. Each cycle is carried out as follows. Along the line 7, with the high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator 6 open, through the docking block 1, the well 12 is filled with borehole fluid, after which the line 7 is closed by the high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator 6. Then, from the control panel 18, a signal is sent to the solenoid valves 20, which initiate the high-speed inlet pneumatic generators 2, through which the compressed gas agent (inert gas, technical nitrogen) stored in the receivers 5 is instantly discharged through the docking block 1 into the well 12, with the creation of pressure on the well fluid and the formation of a gas cushion above its mirror. At the same time, a pressure shock wave with a steep front is created in the wellbore fluid, characterized by a high energy flux density and low attenuation, capable of propagating over long distances and creating a shock-force effect on the bottomhole zone of the oil reservoir. In order to create a vacuum in the gas cushion, the high-speed exhaust pneumatic generators 6 are instantly closed. When the reflected borehole wave arrives, a high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator 6 opens into the discharge line 19. The speed of response is less than 0.02 sec.

Compressed gas from the gas cushion through the muffler 11 through the discharge line through the outlet pipe 16 is discharged into the receiving container 17.

At the same time, due to the pressure drop, a suction effect is created when the compressed gas agent is released, as well as partial degassing of the well fluid, which prevents the simultaneous discharge of a mixture of gas and liquid, increases the discharge rate of the compressed gas agent and ensures the creation of a rarefaction wave in the well fluid with a steep front and creates cavitation cavities in the well. When the peak of the amplitude is passed, the high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator 6, the discharge line 19 are abruptly closed, the speed of response is 0.02 sec. This creates a reflected wave that repeats the oscillatory process in the well.

If necessary, the cleaning cycles are repeated.

The result of cleaning can be determined by control and measuring equipment, for which control and measuring equipment (not shown in the drawings) is lowered into the free flange of the docking block in the bottomhole zone.

The design allows for high-quality cleaning with simultaneous process control.

At the end of the cleaning process, which is determined by the readings of the instrumentation, the well fluid in the rarefaction phase is drained into a special storage (barn). To achieve the greatest effect, the technology and method of operation can vary both from the depth of the well and from the properties of the reservoir.

Claims (7)

1. A method for cleaning bottom-hole zones, in which cleaning is carried out in cycles with alternating in each cycle of compression and rarefaction waves of a well fluid, depending on the degree of contamination of an oil reservoir, and in the bottom-hole zone, cleaning is performed multiple times using receivers of various capacities and an exhaust high-speed pneumatic generator, characterized in that each cleaning cycle is carried out by an exhaust high-speed pneumatic generator through the docking block, and the well is filled with borehole fluid, after which the line for supplying the well fluid is closed by a high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator, then a signal is sent from the control panel to the solenoid valves, which initiate the high-speed inlet pneumatic generators, through which the compressed gas agent stored in receivers is instantly discharged through the docking block into the well with the creation of pressure on the well fluid and formation above its surface gas cushion, in order to create a vacuum in the gas cushion, the high-speed exhaust pneumatic generators are instantly closed, and when a reflected borehole wave arrives, the high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator is opened into the discharge line, when the amplitude peak passes, the high-speed exhaust pneumatic generator of the discharge line is abruptly closed, creating a reflected wave, with with the help of which the oscillatory process in the well is repeated. 2. The method according to claim. 1, characterized in that the coordination of the operation of high-speed pneumatic generators is carried out through the control panel with amplitude synchronization not less than 0.0002 sec. 3. Installation for treatment of bottomhole zones of oil and gas reservoirs and ore minerals, containing a high-speed pneumatic generator, a compressed gas agent supply line with shutoff valves and a compressed gas agent discharge system with shutoff elements, and the pneumatic generators include a head with a full-bore section containing an exhaust hole , with an end wall, installed with an open end on the well, for the supply of compressed gas through the supply lines of the compressed gas agent, and the shut-off valves of the supply line of the gas agent are made in the form of a high-speed shut-off valve, characterized in that the installation is equipped with additional pneumatic generators made in the form of inlet and outlet pneumatic generators, which are installed through a docking block fixed with an open end on the well, for the supply of compressed gas through the supply lines of the compressed gaseous agent, and the stop valves of the gas supply line made in the form of an inlet pneumatic generator with a speed of 0.02 sec, it also contains high-speed inlet pneumatic generators installed through the docking block, through which compressed gas from receivers is discharged into the well, high-speed outlet pneumatic generators, one of which is connected to the well fluid supply line, and the other is connected to the discharge line. 4. Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that the installation includes a silencer that has a flow area exceeding the flow area of the exhaust hole, and which is equipped with partitions with holes of different cross-sections and a pipeline, which together with it forms a system for discharging compressed gas agent from the well ... 5. Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that the shut-off valves of the dump system are a fast-acting exhaust pneumatic generator with a speed of less than 0.02 seconds. 6. Installation according to claim. 3, characterized in that it includes a muffler, which has three baffles, each of which has a hole with a different section. 7. Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that it has built-in pressure sensors for synchronizing the moment of impulse delivery from high-speed inlet pneumatic generators.

Images