RU2728989C1 - Waste heat recovery device for arctic vessels and an arctic vessel containing it - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to shipbuilding, in particular to waste heat recovery device for arctic vessels, which recovers heat for heating air supplied from outside of arctic ship, using recovered waste heat, and to arctic ship containing it. Waste heat recovery device comprises: an air heater configured to heat the ambient air to be supplied to the ship, wherein air heater comprises: air heater housing having inner space, through which outer air to be heated by heat exchange passes; and a tube bundle located in the air heater housing and configured to allow hot exhaust gas generated thereon to flow through it, wherein the tube bundle comprises a tubular tube and a ribbed tube with ribbed elements attached thereto, and the tubular tube and the ribbed tube are arranged in a mixed manner to reduce pressure loss caused by the flow rate of the exhaust gas.EFFECT: higher efficiency of heat exchange in the recuperation device, higher energy efficiency of the ship, improved use of space of the ship, prevention of damage of various devices for possibility of their continuous operation.6 cl, 6 dwg

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims priority over Korean Patent Application 10-2018-0141009, filed 11/15/2018 with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

AREA OF TECHNOLOGY

[0002] The present invention relates to a waste heat recovery device for arctic vessels and an arctic vessel containing it, and in particular to a waste heat recovery device for arctic vessels, which recovers heat for heating air introduced from outside an arctic vessel using the recovered waste heat, and an arctic vessel containing it.

LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

[0003] With the loss of Arctic sea ice due to global warming, there is growing interest in the northeastern route near Russia and the northwest route near Canada.

[0004] As the Arctic is rich in natural resources and is also known as a new emerging tourism destination, Arctic sea routes are being actively developed for sightseeing trips and the transportation and supply of oil from the Arctic oil fields.

[0005] In particular, countries located near the Arctic Ocean, including the United States of America, Canada, Russia, Denmark, Norway, etc., are conducting leading research on the development of Arctic sea routes, which contain approximately 25% of the world's natural resources. and also reduce the time and distance of transportation by 30% compared to existing sea routes.

[0006] According to data published by researchers from the United States and Canada, it is assumed that the current movement of ships along the Arctic sea routes by 2030 will reach 2% of the world's ship traffic, and by 2050 - 5%. However, it is likely that, due to global warming, the opening of Arctic sea routes will be accelerated.

[0007] Unlike ordinary waters, polar waters are specific to the environment of the ice sheet and thus require an approach that takes into account the risks associated with the environment, regardless of the research and development of materials of the parts. Particularly for ships operating in the Arctic Ocean, which are subject to greater potential risks than ships operating in normal waters, safe operation is critical.

[0008] In particular, environmental conditions such as an average atmospheric temperature of about -52 ° C, severe solar radiation and icebergs cause difficulties in the development of the polar regions.

[0009] For sailing in cold climates, such as the polar regions, an air heating system is required to prevent freezing of structures exposed to the cold atmosphere. In particular, since ship structures, such as doors and hatch covers, may malfunction or be inoperative when frozen, such structures require an air heating system to operate continuously.

[0010] In general, ships operating in cold regions, such as the polar regions, are equipped with a heater (space heater) in each section to maintain the air temperature above the minimum level required for the operation of the devices. sections using hot media such as thermal oil or steam.

[0011] When using thermal oil to heat the air supplied from outside, the associated components and equipment need to be powerful, and the installation and operation costs are high. Therefore, there is a need for a solution to this problem.

[0012] This section provides general information relevant to the present disclosure, which is not necessarily prior art.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0013] In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste heat recovery apparatus for arctic vessels that recovers heat generated during combustion to heat air introduced from outside of an arctic vessel using the recovered waste heat and to supply heated air to the interior of the vessel , thereby improving its energy efficiency, and allowing the capacity of the stove to be reduced, thereby reducing costs and installation space for the associated components, and the Arctic vessel containing it.

[0014] In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a waste heat recovery apparatus for arctic ships comprises: an air heater configured to heat outdoor air to be supplied to the vessel, the air heater comprising: a stove body having an interior space through which outside air flows, to be heated by heat exchange; and a tube bundle located in the stove body and made to allow hot exhaust gas generated on the ship to flow through it, wherein the tube bundle contains a tubular tube and a finned tube with ribbed elements attached to it, and the tubular tube and finned tube are arranged in a mixed manner with the ability to reduce the pressure loss due to the flow rate of the exhaust gas.

[0015] The tubular tube may have a larger diameter than the finned tube.

[0016] The tube bundle may be positioned such that the flow direction of the outside air is perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas.

[0017] The exhaust gas may be an exhaust gas discharged from a ship engine, and the waste heat recovery device may further comprise a valve located upstream of the stove and configured to control the amount of outside air introduced into the stove depending on engine load and his work.

[0018] The exhaust gas may be an exhaust gas discharged from a ship engine, and the waste heat recovery device may further comprise an electric heater located upstream of the stove heater, the electric heater being auxiliary means configured to heat outdoor air including the case where the calorific value of the exhaust gas is insufficient to heat the outside air, depending on the engine load and its operation.

[0019] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, an arctic vessel comprises: an air heater configured to heat outdoor air to be supplied to the vessel using exhaust gas discharged from a vessel engine; a tube located in the air heater and made to allow exhaust gas to flow therethrough; and at least one fan configured to supply external air heated by the air heater to onboard air consumption points, said tube comprising a plurality of tubes having different diameters and spaced at regular intervals.

[0020] A waste heat recovery apparatus for arctic vessels according to embodiments of the present invention comprises a plurality of tubular tubes and a plurality of finned tubes located in an area where the hot exhaust gas is discharged in order to allow heat exchange of very cold air supplied from outside, with this exhaust gas, thereby maximizing heat transfer efficiency.

[0021] In addition, the waste heat recovery apparatus according to the embodiments of the present invention can improve the energy efficiency of a ship by utilizing waste heat, reduce the power of the stove heater, which makes it possible to reduce costs for associated components, and reduce installation space, which improves space utilization.

[0022] In addition, the waste heat recovery device according to the embodiments of the present invention can prevent the direct supply of very cold outside air into the ship's hull, thereby preventing damage to various devices located therein, and can heat the air to be supplied to the ship. , to a suitable temperature, thus allowing the various devices to operate continuously.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a waste heat recovery apparatus for an arctic vessel in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat recovery apparatus being located in an exhaust gas outlet.

[0024] FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the main part of an arctic vessel to which the present invention is applied.

[0025] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an air heater in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the "A" portion shown in FIG. 3.

[0027] FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the tubular tube and finned tube shown in FIG. 3.

[0028] FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of FIG. 4.

CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0029] The foregoing and other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Throughout this specification, like components will be identified with like reference symbols.

[0031] First, with reference to FIG. 1, an arctic vessel waste heat recovery apparatus 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: an air heater 610 heating outside air to be supplied to the vessel; a DP (damper) valve connected to the air heater 610 to regulate the flow of outside air into the air heater 610; an electric heater EH (electric heater) connected to the DP valve for heating outdoor air using electric power as an energy source; and an exhaust gas line EL providing a path for exhausting exhaust gas from a combustion device such as a power generator (not shown) generating electricity by burning fuel or an auxiliary boiler (not shown) generating steam by burning fuel, and the air heater 610 is connected to the line EL of the exhaust gas.

[0032] In accordance with this embodiment of the invention, the combustion apparatus will be illustrated with an example of a power generating engine. Thus, the hot air heater 610 according to this embodiment heats the outside air by heat exchange between the outside air and the exhaust gas from the power generating engine, and after the exhaust gas has been cooled by heat exchange, it is discharged from the hot air heater.

[0033] The DP valve is a means for controlling the intake of outside air depending on the operating conditions of this Arctic vessel, such as changing the load of the power generating engine during operation of the vessel and its inactivity while the vessel is at anchor, and can be located on the side of the air inlet upstream of the air heater 610.

[0034] The electric heater EH is a device adapted to compensate for the shortage when the operating efficiency decreases or when the heating value for heating (the calorific value of the exhaust gas) is insufficient, depending on the operating conditions of this Arctic vessel, such as a change in the load of the generating the energy of the engine during the operation of the vessel and its inactivity while the vessel is at anchor, and can use electricity from an emergency electric generator as a source of energy.

[0035] The waste heat recovery apparatus 1 according to this embodiment can maintain the temperature of the air supplied to the ship at a constant level during frequent changes in the operating conditions of the power generating engine by including an air heater 610, a DP valve and an electric heater EH.

[0036] The exhaust gas line EL may be a conduit as shown in FIG. 1, an air heater 610 may be in communication with the exhaust gas duct EL.

[0037] With reference to FIG. 2, an arctic vessel comprising a waste heat recovery device 1 in accordance with this embodiment may further comprise an air mixing chamber 600 in which hot air heated by an air heater 610 is mixed and at least one fan 710 configured to supply hot air to various places of air consumption.

[0038] According to this embodiment, the air heater 610 can also be in communication with the air mixing chamber 600, and hot air introduced into the air mixing chamber 600 is supplied to the air consumption points by the fan 710.

[0039] The exhaust gas line EL may communicate with the heat source inlet (not referenced) and the heat source (not referenced) outlet of the air heater 610, and the air mixing chamber 600 may communicate with the air outlet (not referenced) ...

[0040] In addition, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the heat source inlet, heat source outlet, air inlet and air outlet of the stove 610 according to this embodiment can be formed such that the air flow direction in the stove 610 is perpendicular to the direction of the exhaust gas flow therein. The heat exchange efficiency can be improved by forming the heat source inlet, heat source outlet, air inlet, and air outlet of the air heater 610 so that the air flow direction is perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow direction.

[0041] With reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, an air heater 610 according to this embodiment of the invention comprises: a tube bundle made up of a plurality of tubes through which exhaust gas flows; an air heater body 611 housing the TB tube bundle and configured to allow very cold air to be heated by the hot exhaust gas passing through the TB tube bundle outside the TB tube; and a heat insulating member IS (heat insulating member) located on the wall of the housing 611 of the stove 611 to insulate the stove 610.

[0042] For example, in accordance with this embodiment, polar cold air with a temperature of about -52 ° C can be introduced into the stove 610 and heated to a temperature of about 5 ° C by means of an exhaust gas whose temperature is between about 250 ° C to about 300 ° C flowing through the tube bundle TB, while flowing along its outer surface. Here, the exhaust gas can be cooled to a temperature of approximately 190 ° C after heat exchange with the cold air before being discharged from the stove 610.

[0043] The air heater 610 can be made of a material capable of withstanding very cold air in the polar regions and resisting corrosion. For example, air heater 610 can be made of SUS316L.

[0044] The TB tube bundle may contain a sufficient number of tubes located in the direction of the air flow such that polar air with a temperature of approximately -52 ° C, when passing through the interior of the body 611 of the stove 611, in which the TB tube bundle is located, can be sufficiently heated, that is, heated to the temperature required for the places of air consumption on board, for example, 5 ° C.

[0045] A TB tube bundle in accordance with this embodiment of the invention may comprise: a plurality of pipe tubes PT; and a plurality of fin tube (FT) as shown in FIG. 3.

[0046] The ribbed tube FT may comprise a base portion called a base tube FTa (base tube) and ribbed elements FTb.

[0047] With reference to FIG. 5, unlike the tubular tube PT, which consists only of a main part called the main tube, the finned tube FT includes a main tube FTa and a plurality of ribbed elements FTb attached to the main tube FTa.

[0048] The ribbed elements FTb attached to the main tube FTa can increase the heat transfer surface, which improves its efficiency.

[0049] According to this embodiment, the tubular tube PT may have a larger diameter than the main tube FTa of the finned tube FT.

[0050] According to this embodiment of the invention, said plurality of tubular tubes PT and said plurality of finned tubes FT may be equally spaced in the stove body 611 such that the direction of flow of the exhaust gas is perpendicular to the direction of flow of air as shown in FIG. 3.

[0051] In addition, the number of tubular tubes PT may differ from the number of finned tubes FT. For example, the number of tubular tubes PT may be less than the number of finned tubes FT. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to this.

[0052] Despite the large heat exchange surface of the finned tube FT, when the tube bundle TB consists of only the finned tubes FT, a pressure loss may occur due to the high velocity of the exhaust gas through the finned tube FT having a small diameter.

[0053] In order to overcome this problem, in accordance with this embodiment of the invention tubular tubes PT having a larger diameter than the finned tubes FT are arranged at regular intervals together with the finned tubes FT to reduce the flow rate of the exhaust gas through the tube bundle TB. and the pressure drop across this tube bundle, thus preventing degradation of engine efficiency.

[0054] In addition, placing the tubular tubes PT together with the finned tubes FT can prevent excessive pressure loss of the air flow and exhaust gas flow in the stove 610, while improving heat transfer efficiency.

[0055] As described above, a waste heat recovery apparatus for arctic vessels according to this embodiment of the invention comprises a stove heater for heating very cold outside air to be supplied to on-board air consumption points, the stove heater comprising a plurality of tubular tubes and a plurality of finned tubes in order to allow heat exchange of the outside air with the hot exhaust gas, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and at the same time minimizing the pressure loss.

[0056] In addition, since the air is heated using waste heat generated on the ship, it is possible to increase the energy efficiency of the ship, associated component costs through decreasing the stove power, and improving space utilization through decreasing installation space.

[0057] In particular, the air heating system according to the present invention can reduce the total power by about 30% (7500 kW → 5000 kW) compared to a conventional system using thermal oil to heat the air.

[0058] While some embodiments of the present invention have been described herein, it should be understood that these embodiments are provided for illustration only and should not be construed in any way as limiting the present invention, and that those skilled in the art may be able to perform various modifications, changes and equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention

[0059] List of reference signs

1: waste heat recovery device for an arctic vessel

610: air heater

611: heater housing

TV: tube bundle

RT: tubular tube

FT: finned tube

FTa: main tube

FTb: ribbed element

IS: thermal insulation IS

710: fan

DP: valve

EH: electric heater EH

EL: EL line of exhaust gas

Claims (19)

1. A waste heat recovery device for arctic vessels, comprising: an air heater configured to heat the outside air to be supplied to the ship, moreover, the air heater contains: an air heater body having an inner space through which outside air to be heated by heat exchange flows; and a tube bundle located in the body of the air heater and made to allow hot exhaust gas generated on the ship to flow through it, the tube bundle comprising a tubular tube and a finned tube with ribbed elements attached to it, and the tubular tube and the finned tube are arranged in a mixed manner so as to reduce the pressure loss due to the flow rate of the exhaust gas. 2. The waste heat recovery device of claim 1, wherein the tubular tube has a larger diameter than the finned tube. 3. A waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the tube bundle is positioned such that the direction of flow of the outside air is perpendicular to the direction of flow of the exhaust gas. 4. A waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, further comprising: a valve located upstream of the air heater and configured to control the amount of outside air introduced into the air heater, depending on the load of the ship's engine and its operation, wherein the exhaust gas is exhaust gas discharged from a ship's engine. 5. A waste heat recovery device according to claim 1 or 4, further comprising: an electric heater located upstream of the air heater, the electric heater being auxiliary means adapted to heat the outside air when the calorific value of the exhaust gas is insufficient to heat the outside air, depending on the load of the ship's engine and its operation, wherein the exhaust gas is exhaust gas discharged from a ship's engine. 6. Arctic vessel containing: an air heater configured to heat external air to be supplied to the ship using exhaust gas discharged from the ship's engine; a tube located in the air heater and made to allow exhaust gas to flow therethrough; and at least one fan configured to supply external air heated by the air heater to air consumption points on board, moreover, the specified tube contains a plurality of tubes having different diameters and located at equal intervals.

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