RU2728595C1 - Corn harvesting combine harvester-spreader - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building, namely to grinder-spreaders of combine harvesters for harvesting maize. Grinder-spreader comprises a frame including a roof, a left and a right side pieces, a grinder unit, a rotary shield with a lever and a spreader, also comprises a flap for harvesting maize, connected to the shield by a pivot joint in the upper part and a bolt joint in the lower part, on the frame sides on the left and on the right side a retainer is fixed, consisting of an axis, a spring and a bracket, for movement and fixation of the shield in two positions. Mounting of shield for harvesting maize is carried out by switching swivel shield arranged on combine harvester outer side.

EFFECT: protection of shavings straw buttons against deformation at getting on them of peels of corn cleared of grain, chaotically moving with high speed from the rotating grinding drum.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, namely to devices for grinding the non-grain part of the crop, and in particular to grinders-spreaders of grain harvesters and the methods and devices used in them that protect the straw walker keys from deformation during corn harvesting.

Analogs of the claimed invention are a shredder-spreader of a New Holland combine, model CSX7040-7080, equipped with a metal rear plate for harvesting corn (website: index.php / ru / 2009-11-11-08-09-30 / 837-new- holland ----- new-holland-csx7040-csx70801), located above the chopping drum, and the chopper-spreader of the CLAAS LEXION combine. model 780 - 620, equipped with a rubber apron for harvesting corn (website: https://www.claas.ru/ Operating manual for the CLAAS LEXION 780-620 combine, 00 0292 450 2 - BA LEXION 780 - 620-03/2014), located above the chopping drum. The purpose of the metal back plate and the rubber apron is to protect the straw walker keys from possible deformation when the combine is working in corn harvesting.

The disadvantages of these technical solutions are as follows:

- the metal back plate does not sufficiently cover the space of the straw walker keys, which leads to deformation of the extreme cascade of keys when corn cobs hit it during chopping;

- inconvenience of installing a metal back plate due to limited access in the place where the plate is fixed above the grinding drum;

- Rapid wear of the rubber apron due to the ingestion of cobs from the rotating chopping drum while the combine is working for harvesting corn.

The closest to the claimed device is a shredder-spreader of the New Holland combine)), model CSX7040-7080, containing a frame that includes a roof, left and right sidewalls, a chopper unit connected to each other, a spreader, a swivel shield with a lever and a metal rear plate for harvesting corn. The disadvantages of the prototype are indicated above.

The objective of the claimed invention is to provide the possibility of protecting the keys of the straw walker from deformation and destruction upon impacts of corn cobs cleaned of grain, chaotically moving at high speed from a rotating chopping drum.

To achieve the specified technical result in the design of a shredder-spreader containing a frame including a roof, left and right sidewalls, a shredder unit connected to each other, a spreader and a rotary shield with a lever, a shield for harvesting corn is introduced, fixed in the upper part of the rotary shield. hinged, in the lower part - by bolt connection, when harvesting grain crops, while the sidewalls of the frame contain latches on the left and right sides, the axes of which are moved by means of springs and serve to fix the flap in two positions. Mounting of the shield for harvesting corn is carried out by moving the shield with a pivoting lever located on the outside of the combine.

When harvesting corn, the bolted connection in the lower part of the flap is released, the swivel shield is retracted by means of a lever at an angle of 40 ° -45 ° counterclockwise, while moving the retainer axis towards itself is released with the help of a spring, the flap freely rotates around the hinge axis, and is transferred to position "Harvesting corn", where it is connected to the axis of the retainer and is fixed, thereby closing the space of the straw walkers and protecting them from deformation, destruction and, as a result, from breakage of the combine.

The claimed invention is illustrated by drawings:

- fig. 1 - structural diagram of the shredder-spreader when the combine is working for chopping straw;

- fig. 2 - structural diagram of the shield when the combine is working for grinding grain crops;

- fig. 3 - structural diagram of the shield when the combine is working for crushing corn.

The claimed invention contains the following structural elements: 1 - rotary shield; 2 - a shield for harvesting corn; 3 - frame; 4 - sidewall; 5 - retainer; 6 - axis; 7 - spring; 8 - articulated joint; 9 - lever; 10 - bracket; 11 - catcher; 12 - bolted connection, while the shield for harvesting corn 2 is attached to the swivel shield 1 with the lever 9 by the articulated connection 8 in the upper part, and in the lower part - by the bolted connection 12, in the groove of the catcher 11 of which, when transferred to the position "Harvesting corn" when using the spring 7, the axis 6 of the lock 5 is installed, fixed on the bracket 10, which is mounted in the sidewall 4 of the frame 3.

The claimed device operates as follows. When the combine is working on harvesting grain crops, the shield for harvesting corn 2 in the upper part is fixed with a hinge joint 8 to the swivel shield 1, and in the lower part with a bolted joint 12.

When converting the combine for maize harvesting into the holes of the sidewall 4 of the frame 3, on the left and on the right side, a retainer 5 is fixed, consisting of an axis 6, a spring 7 and a bracket 10. Dismantling the bolted connection 12 at the bottom of the attachment of the swivel shield 1 and the shield for corn harvesting 2 , with the help of the articulated joint 8, the rotary shield 1 is retracted by the lever 9 by an angle of 40 ° -45 ° counterclockwise, and the shield for maize harvesting 2 under the action of its own weight is transferred to the position "Maize harvesting", in which the axis 6 of the lock 5 with the help of a spring 7 is placed in the groove of the catcher 11 of the flap for harvesting corn 2, thereby ensuring reliable fixation of the position of the flap for harvesting maize 2 for the entire harvesting period.

The technical result consists in ensuring the possibility of protecting the straw walker keys from deformation when corn cobs cleaned of grain hit them, chaotically moving at high speed from a rotating chopping drum, with the help of a timely installed shield for harvesting corn, rigidly fixed to the rotary shield. The installation of the shield for corn harvesting is carried out from the outside of the harvester, which provides a quick changeover of the harvester for harvesting corn and, thus, excludes a long downtime of the harvester.

Claims (2)

1. Shredder-spreader of a combine harvester for harvesting corn, containing a frame including a roof, left and right sidewalls, a chopper unit, a swivel shield with a lever and a spreader, characterized by those containing a shield for corn harvesting, connected to the shield by a swivel joint in the upper part and bolted in the lower part, on the sidewalls of the frame on the left and on the right side, a lock is fixed, consisting of an axis, a spring and a bracket, for moving and fixing the flap in two positions. 2. Shredder-spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation of the shield for harvesting corn is carried out by transferring the shield with a pivoting lever located on the outside of the combine.

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