RU2726366C1 - Method of autonomous power station transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to transport machine building. Proposed method consists in use of high cross-country vehicle with cargo platform whereon autonomous power plant is mounted on the frame and covered from above with protective material. Load structure accommodates support structure with outer dimensions exceeding that of frame with self-contained power plant. On the support structure vibration isolating supports are installed at an angle to the horizontal plane of the cargo platform, at least four at the bottom and at least four at the top, to which a frame with an autonomous power plant is attached. Autonomous power plant frame is equipped with acceleration sensor and indicator connected to it.

EFFECT: higher degree of protection of power plant against mechanical loads.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Appointment

The invention relates to vehicles adapted for the transportation, transportation and placement of special cargo or objects.

State of the art

Currently, inexpensive single-phase gasoline power plants with a capacity of several kilowatts are widely used as an autonomous power plant for uninterrupted power supply of construction sites or small industries, including in the field, in the forest, etc., difficult to reach for delivery by transport, as well as in places where there are no power lines and electricity is required.

For example, such an E57 power plant from the Japanese manufacturer Hitachi (one of the best for these purposes), an inexpensive (approximately 68 thousand rubles) single-phase gasoline power plant with a manual starter, is widely used in Russia, the general appearance of which is shown in Fig. 1 (see website: • https: //www.minigen.ru/generator/hitachi/2988). This power plant E57, installed on a frame through four vibration-isolating supports, is an autonomous power supply source with a maximum total power of 5.7 kW at a voltage of 220 V. The modern Mitsubishi GM401P air-cooled internal combustion engine with a built-in oil level sensor used in this power plant is economical and consumes at a load of 75% no more than 3 l / h of gasoline. The power plant as standard, type of execution IP 23, is equipped with a fuel tank 3 with a volume of 21 liters, which allows it to work autonomously for up to 7 hours without refueling. Also, a distinctive feature of the generator is a low noise level (90 dB) in comparison with similar models from other manufacturers, and a modern synchronous alternator allows achieving high accuracy of the output voltage. It has a small weight of 78 kg, and dimensions:

• length - 685 mm;

• width - 500 mm;

• height - 500 mm.

In the E57 power plant, to isolate spatial vibrations (vibration absorption and noise reduction), the most complex installation scheme for vibration-insulating supports in the form of shock absorbers is used, namely, at an angle to the symmetry axes of the power plant, since with a slight deviation in the direction of the lines passing through the axis of stiffness of the shock absorbers , from the direction to the center of gravity of the power plant, all six associated modes of natural oscillations arise in the system (see website: https://studfiles.net/preview/2829225/page:6/).

However, the use of this installation scheme for vibration-insulating supports in the E57 power plant does not allow providing a sufficient margin of vibration resistance, which provides protection against permanent deformation or destruction during transportation of this E57 power plant to its destination on bad roads and off-road, for example, in a high-traffic car, such as Niva or all-terrain vehicles. It is necessary to create additional vibration isolation to reduce the mechanical loads on the power plant to values that are within the limits of its vibration strength.

The closest to the proposed invention is a method for transporting goods and a container for its implementation (patent, RF, No. 2179524), in which the load is an autonomous power plant, for example E57, and an all-terrain vehicle is used as a vehicle, for example PM 650-2, taken by the authors for prototype.

The choice of a vehicle is determined by the currently available vehicles with high traffic and the real situation on the Russian market. The most rational choice (in terms of cross-country ability, speed, transported weight and dimensions of cargo, on bad roads and off-road, regardless of the meteorological situation) is the all-wheel drive all-wheel vehicle PM 650-2 with a transformable body (cargo platform) and 6 × 4 wheel arrangement, manufactured by the company "Russkaya mechanics ", Rybinsk (see sites: http://go-rm.ru/rm650-2_6x4_overview.html; http://go-rm.ru/rm650-2_data.html), a general view of which is shown in Fig. ... 2.

This all-terrain vehicle PM 650-2 has the following characteristics:

• engine - power 42.5 hp, gasoline, four-stroke, carburetor, liquid cooling;

• speed - 85 km / h;

• fuel tank volume - 24 l;

• maximum weight of the towed cargo - 250 kg;

• front / rear suspension - independent double wishbone transverse with hydraulic shock absorbers;

• wheel arrangement / driving wheels - 4 × 4;

• suspension travel, front / rear - 170/195 mm;

• overdrive and downshift with the ability to lock the differential.

The method of transportation of an autonomous power plant according to the prototype includes the following operations:

pouring gasoline from the gas tank of an autonomous power plant,

eliminate the presence of unacceptable gaps between parts and backlash in the joints, install the power plant on the cargo platform of a vehicle, for example, an all-terrain vehicle PM 650-2,

attach the frame of the autonomous power plant to the cargo platform of the ATV to prevent its horizontal and vertical movements from mechanical impacts while driving,

cover the autonomous power plant with a tarpaulin awning, deliver to the destination.

In power plants, gasoline is drained so that it does not get into the air filter and oil, as well as to prevent it from leaking out of the neck of the gas tank when sloping, leading to odor, and it is also unsafe, especially in accidents. One of the main causes of vibrations and resonances is the presence of unacceptable gaps between parts and backlash in the joints, therefore, they are eliminated in the prototype before transporting the power plant.

The greatest danger is posed by the resonances of individual components and assemblies that occur when their natural frequency (f ₀ ) coincides with the frequency of vibrations acting at the power plant (f). The natural frequency of components and structural units (see site: https://studfiles.net/preview/2829225/page:6/) is determined by the formula:

where K is the coefficient of rigidity of the structure, N / m, defined as the ratio of the force to the deformation caused by this force;

m is the mass of the structure, kg.

A tarpaulin awning (see website: http://tent-chehol.ru/pologa_tenty/ukrevnye-zashhitnye.htm) is used to protect an autonomous power plant from dirt and adverse weather conditions.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that in this method of transporting an autonomous power plant, the degree of its protection from mechanical stress is insufficient, especially when transporting on bad roads and off-road. This can lead to permanent deformation or destruction of the autonomous power plant. Suspension travel and hydraulic shock absorbers in an ATV, as well as anti-vibration mountings in an autonomous power plant, do not provide a sufficient degree of protection of the power plant from mechanical loads during transportation, as a result of which mechanical influences go beyond the vibration strength of the power plant.

The aim of the present invention is to increase the degree of protection of the power plant from mechanical loads during transportation.

Disclosure of invention

The method of transporting an autonomous power plant consists in using a high-traffic vehicle with a loading platform, on which an autonomous power plant is installed, fixed on a frame, the power plant is covered from above with a protective material and delivered to the destination. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in order to reduce mechanical loads during transportation, the frame with the power plant is not installed directly on the cargo platform, but is fixed on the support structure through vibration-insulating supports. The supporting structure is installed on the loading platform. The outer dimensions of this support structure exceed the dimensions of the frame on which the autonomous power plant is fixed. On the supporting structure, vibration-insulating supports are installed at an angle to the horizontal plane of the cargo platform, the number of which is at least four at the bottom and four at the top. A frame with an autonomous power plant is attached to the vibration-insulating supports; which is equipped with an acceleration sensor and an associated indicator. The supporting structure is made detachable and adjustable in height in the form of two parallel vertical rectangular frames, the lower elements of which are rigidly fixed to the cargo platform, and the upper ones are rigidly fastened together. For the convenience of the installation process of the power plant on the cargo platform, first, the lower elements of the disconnected support structure are installed on the cargo platform, then the frame of the autonomous power plant is installed on these lower vibration-insulating supports, then the disconnected upper elements of the support structure are installed from above and the upper vibration-insulating supports are connected to the frame of the autonomous power plant, then adjust the support structure in height for optimal connection of the upper vibration-insulating supports with the frame of the autonomous power plant.

In the process of transportation of the autonomous power plant, when the set acceleration value of the autonomous power plant frame is reached, which is in the range of its vibration strength margin, the acceleration sensor will record dangerous mechanical effects on the autonomous power plant. The indicator will provide sound and / or light signaling to influence the driver in order to increase his attentiveness and responsibility while driving, and will make him slow down.

Graphic illustrations

FIG. 1 - General view of the autonomous power plant E57.

FIG. 2 - General view of the PM 650-2 all-terrain vehicle.

FIG. 3 - An example of a structural diagram of the proposed method of transportation of an autonomous power plant.

The positions of FIG. 3:

1 - autonomous power plant, for example E57;

1-1 - autonomous power plant frame;

2 - protective material;

3 - vehicle (TC), for example, an all-terrain vehicle PM 650-2;

3-1 - motion control panel;

3-2 - cargo platform of a vehicle (TC);

4- anti-vibration support system;

5 - supporting structure;

6 - detachable and adjustable units;

7 - acceleration sensor;

8 - indicator.

FIG. 4. - An example of a structural diagram of the location of vibration-insulating supports between the frame of an autonomous power plant and the supporting structure.

The positions of FIG. 4:

1-1 - autonomous power plant frame;

5-1 - one vertical rectangular frame of the support structure 5 (the second vertical rectangular frame is not shown);

4-1 ÷ 4-4 - vibration-insulating supports (vibration-insulating supports of the second vertical rectangular frame are not shown);

6-1, 6-2 - detachable and adjustable units of the vertical rectangular frame of the support structure 5 (detachable and adjustable units of the second vertical rectangular frame are not shown).

An example of a block diagram in FIG. 4 is given for 4 lower and 4 upper anti-vibration mountings.

Description of an example of a block diagram of a method for transporting an autonomous power plant

Before transporting an autonomous power plant 1, for example E57, fixed on a frame 1-1, gasoline is drained from a gas tank 1-2, as a result of which during transportation:

• no gasoline gets into the air filter;

• there is no penetration of gasoline into the oil;

• there is no leakage of gasoline from the neck of the gas tank when leaning;

• safety in case of an accident is ensured;

• the weight of the autonomous power plant 1 is reduced.

In addition, the presence of unacceptable gaps between parts and backlash in the joints of the autonomous power plant 1 is eliminated, leading to additional vibrations and resonances of individual components and assemblies in accordance with expression (1), which is a great danger during transportation on bad roads and off-road.

A system of vibration-isolating supports 4 is installed on the upper and lower elements of each of two parallel vertical rectangular frames of the supporting structure 5 (at least two vibration-isolating supports at the bottom and at the top: upper 4-1,4-2 and lower 4-3, 4-4 - under angle to their horizontal plane).

In FIG. 4 shows only one vertical rectangular frame 5-1 of the support structure 5, the second, similarly made, is not shown. As a vibration-insulating support, you can use, for example, a well-known rubber-metal shock absorber (see patent, RF, No. 2442917).

For the convenience of the process of mounting an autonomous power plant 1 on the cargo platform TS 3-2, the vertical rectangular frames of the support structure 5 are disconnected in detachable and adjustable nodes 6 (in Fig. 4 these are 6-1 and 6-2), and the lower elements of this support structure 5 rigidly fixed on the vehicle platform 3-2, for example, using bolts and nuts.

Then, the frame of the autonomous power plant 1-1 (autonomous power plant 1) is installed on the lower vibration-isolating supports of the system of vibration-isolating supports 4 of the support structure 5, and then the disconnected upper elements of the support structure 5 are installed from above and the upper vibration-isolating supports of the system of vibration isolating supports 4 are connected to the frame of the autonomous power plant 1- 1.

The support structure 5 is adjusted in detachable and adjustable nodes 6 in height so that the connection of the upper vibration-insulating supports with the frame of the autonomous power plant 1-1 is optimal (no gaps and tension in the supports), then the connection is rigidly fixed in the disconnectable and adjustable nodes 6 of the support structure 5 . As an adjustable device in the detachable and adjustable units 6, you can use, for example, a height adjustment anchor (see website: http://met-all.org/metalloprokat/metizy/anker-reguliruemyj-po-vysote-regylirovochnyj.html) ...

The system of vibration-insulating supports 4 in the present invention with an angular arrangement of the lower and upper vibration-insulating supports (shock absorbers) provides the best conditions for protecting the autonomous power plant 1 from mechanical influences when the vehicle is moving. If the axis of stiffness of the shock absorber coincides with the center of gravity of the object, then all the acting forces are balanced and the rotational vibrations are small. This condition is satisfied by the installation diagram of shock absorbers (vibration-insulating supports) located below and above the object at an angle (Fig. 4). Since the characteristics of the system of vibration-insulating supports 4 (damping system) are the same in all positions of the vibration-insulated autonomous power plant 1, the nature of the movement of the vehicle can be any (see website: https://studfiles.net/preview/2829225/page:6/) ...

In the process of transporting the autonomous power plant 1, upon reaching the set acceleration value of the frame of the autonomous power plant 1-1, which is in the range of its vibration strength margin, the acceleration sensor 7 will record dangerous mechanical effects on the autonomous power plant 1. An accelerometer can be used as an acceleration sensor 7 (see website: https://www.kit-e.ru/articles/sensor/2009_02_28.php).

Indicator 8 will provide sound and / or light signaling to influence the driver in order to increase his attentiveness and responsibility while driving, and will make him slow down. It can be placed on the vehicle's 3-1 motion control panel 3.

To protect the autonomous power plant 1 from dirt and adverse weather conditions during transportation, protective material 2 is used in the form of, for example, a tarpaulin awning (see website: http://tent-chehol.ru/pologa_tenty/pologa-tenty-ukryvnye-zashhitnye .htm), which covers the autonomous power station 1 from above.

Claims (4)

1. A method of transporting an autonomous power plant, which consists in using a high-traffic vehicle with a cargo platform, on which an autonomous power plant is installed, fixed on a frame, covered from above with a protective material, characterized in that a support structure is placed on the cargo platform, the outer dimensions of which exceed the dimensions of the frame with an autonomous power plant, while vibration-insulating supports are installed on the support structure at an angle to the horizontal plane of the cargo platform, at least four at the bottom and at least four at the top, to which a frame with an autonomous power plant is attached; which is equipped with an acceleration sensor and an associated indicator. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure is made in the form of two parallel vertical rectangular frames, the lower elements of which are rigidly fixed to the cargo platform, and the upper ones are rigidly fastened together. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure is detachable and adjustable in height. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the indicator provides sound and light signaling.

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