RU2726080C2 - Insulation material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacturing technology.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of insulating multilayer material intended for installation and repair of roofing of residential, industrial buildings and structures, as well as waterproofing of buildings, structures and pipelines. Insulating material is a multilayer material containing a base of strong and resistant to extrusion material with surface densite of not less than 100 g/m(non-woven, woven material or foil material) and polymer layers. On both sides of the base there is a thermoplastic or elastomer layer, and above this first layer, on one of the sides there is an adhesive layer closed with removable protective anti-adhesion film. Sticky layer is based on an aqueous acrylic dispersion containing an acrylic copolymer, a thickener and, optionally, various other auxiliary target additives or based on a rubber melt adhesive.EFFECT: invention improves operational properties of insulating material in different climatic conditions, increases durability, fire safety and reduces toxicity of the material.6 cl

Description

The invention relates to composite multilayer polymer insulation materials intended for the device and repair of roofing, residential, public, industrial and agricultural buildings and structures operated in all climatic regions, as well as for waterproofing these buildings and structures, pipelines, etc.

Known insulating material containing a base and a rubber composition of ethylene-propylene rubber applied to it (Polymer, soft roofing and heat-insulating building materials industry. Issue 2, Moscow, VNIIESM, 1993, p. 30).

However, this material has low plastoelastic, technological characteristics and large shrinkage.

Also known is an insulating material containing a fabric or non-woven base and a layer of polymer material located on one side of the base made of a thermoplastic or elastomeric composition, for example, ethylene-propylene (diene) rubber (Yu.P. Shulzhenko. Polymeric roofing materials, " Building materials ”, 1998, No. 11, pp. 8-10).

The disadvantages of this material include the complexity of the technology when installing coatings due to the need to use adhesive mastics on organic solvents, which worsens the production environment and creates the prerequisites for a fire and explosive situation, and in addition, leads to the formation of defects (swelling, unevenness of the adhesive layer) .

A useful model is known for an insulating material containing a fabric or nonwoven fabric base and a layer located on one of its sides made of an elastomeric or thermoplastic composition, and on the other side of the base a layer made of a bitumen-polymer composition comprising bitumen and divinyl styrene thermoplastic elastomer or polyolefin in a weight ratio of (70 - 95): (5 - 30) (see RF patent for utility model No. 15688, priority 08.06.2000).

The self-adhesive PVC roofing membrane LOGICROOFV-GRFBSA is known, which is used for waterproofing single-layer roofing systems with an adhesive method of fastening based on high-quality plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC), reinforced with fiberglass with a fleece substrate made of laminated geotextile on the lower side of the membrane. A special adhesive composition is applied over the fleece layer in the factory, which has high adhesion to LOGICPIR CXM / CXM boards, as well as a release film that must be removed before gluing the membrane.

The LOGICROOF V-GR FB SA membrane is highly puncture resistant and dimensionally stable. Contains flame retardants and special stabilizers. Thanks to TRI-P ^® technology, the membrane has a special protective top layer 200 microns thick, which reliably protects the material from ultraviolet radiation.

Due to the layer of laminated geotextiles, on which the adhesive was applied at the factory, the membrane can be glued to LOGICPIR heat-insulating boards with fiberglass lamination. Installation of the membrane is possible at temperatures not lower than + 5 ° С (“Guidelines for the design and installation of roofs made of polymer materials”, “Instructions for the installation of a single-layer roofing made of polymer membranes.” Catalog of TechnoNICOL Corporation.

This material is difficult to manufacture.

A layered roofing is known, consisting of at least two layers, one of which is a base, which is used as a fibrous or non-woven hole material, and the second layer is a polymer waterproofing layer based on butyl rubber (RU 2052046,10.01.1996).

Also known is a waterproofing material containing a base and a layer made of mastic based on an aqueous emulsion of cold applied bitumen (RU 2197582, January 27, 2003).

The lack of information about the elastic modulus, relative compression, the results of acoustic tests of the materials described above, as well as the lack of information about the nature and properties of the base used makes it impossible to get an idea of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating properties of these materials.

Known protective membrane material containing a shielding layer of metal foil and a fibrous cushioning layer of non-woven inorganic material having a bulk density of 120 ÷ 150 kg / m ³ made of aluminosilicate or glass fiber and coated on both sides with a protective sheath of micropunched non-woven polypropylene or fiberglass with a surface density of the shell of 50-350 g / m ² (RU 2353423, 04/27/2009).

A disadvantage of the known material is the extremely low waterproofing properties.

A multilayer insulating material is known, which contains a base made of woven or non-woven material, or a foil material having increased strength and separation properties that prevent the penetration of hot bitumen-polymer material deposited on one of its sides onto the other side of this base with the material applied to it from an elastomeric or thermoplastic composition. The base material has a surface density of not less than 75 g / m ² and a mesh size of not more than 0.1 mm without capillary suction.

The resulting material has stable insulating properties, water resistance, frost resistance (RU 73273 U1, 05.20.2008).

The disadvantage of this known insulating material is increased fire hazard and increased toxicity.

Known paper-based self-adhesive materials containing a paper base, a protective layer and a layer of adhesive composition located between them. An unmodified plastic film was used as a protective layer, and a sticky adhesive was used as an adhesive composition (RU No. 19538 C09 J 7/02, U1 09/10/2001).

As the adhesive composition, an acrylic aqueous dispersion with a residual tack such as R-361 (low viscosity universal) or R-300 (high viscosity, aging resistant) can be used. The compositions of acrylic dispersions are not disclosed.

Known materials are intended for use in the printing industry in the manufacture of labels, posters, etc., that is, is not intended for the manufacture of insulating material.

From RU 2012150558 11/27/2012 a paper-based self-adhesive material is known containing a base paper base, a protective layer and an adhesive layer located between them. Self-adhesive material contains a layer of paper base, a protective layer and an adhesive layer located between them. A metal foil is applied by synthetic glue to the paper backing from the side opposite the protective layer. Aluminum was selected as the foil material, and the ratio of the foil thickness to the thickness of the paper base layer is 1: 14-1: 18. The aluminum foil itself has a thickness of 7 μm. The material is made in the form of a roll tape. However, this known self-adhesive material has limited use and is used in the manufacture of labels, flyers, etc.

From RU 175358 12/01/2017, U1, a composite material is known which is a layered structure, the first layer of which is made of polymer hot-melt film, the second layer is made of adhesive, and the third layer covering the adhesive layer is made of release film material, the polymer film being connected thermally with a sheet of non-cross-linked gas-filled polyethylene. In addition, the polymer hot-melt film is made of polyethylene, siliconeized polyethylene terephthalate film is used as an anti-adhesive film material, and an adhesive from the group glued by mechanical pressure is used as an adhesive layer, while the polymer hot-melt polyethylene film is thermally connected to a sheet of foamed, non-cross-linked gas-filled polyethylene, using the hot shafts of the laminator.

As follows from the above-described prior art, self-adhesive materials in which various acrylic adhesives are used are widely known, however, most of these materials are used in the printing industry (labels, posters, book covers, etc.).

The technical task of this claimed invention is to simplify the manufacturing technology of insulating material, improve operational properties (durability), expand the range of materials for this purpose and reduce toxicity.

The technical result, therefore, in accordance with the stated task is to simplify the technology and expand the arsenal of tools related to insulating materials operated in various climatic conditions.

The stated technical problem is achieved in that the insulating material contains a base and layers located on both sides thereof, a first layer made of thermoplastic or elastomer, and an adhesive layer located on one side on top of the first layer and made of a polymer adhesive composition, based on 60 -65% aqueous acrylic dispersion containing an acrylic copolymer, a thickener, and, if necessary, various other auxiliary target additives, or based on rubber hot melt glue, applied by roller or doctor blade method with a sticky layer consumption of at least 50 g / m ² , and the applied adhesive layer contains a removable protective release film, and the base is made of durable and crush-resistant material selected from the group comprising woven or non-woven material with a surface density of at least 100 g / m ² and a mesh size of not more than 0.1 mm or foil material with a surface density of at least 100 g / m ² .

This set of common essential features is the essence of the claimed invention. It is necessary and sufficient in all cases of its implementation.

In addition, in relation to the claimed invention, it is necessary to highlight the following development and / or refinement of its essential features related to particular cases of implementation or use.

As a basis, the insulating material may comprise metal foil.

Also, as a basis, the insulating material may comprise aluminum foil.

As a basis, the insulating material may comprise copper foil.

In addition, as the basis of the insulating material may contain polymeric foil material.

The claimed adhesive composition for the sticky layer as auxiliary additives may contain various traditional auxiliary and target additives, such as biocidal additives, pigments, mineral fillers (chalk, kaolin, bentonite), antiseptic additive in the form of coal oil or coal tar, vulcanizing additives, accelerators vulcanization, antioxidants, etc.

As the base material, the insulating material according to the claimed invention contains woven or non-woven materials, such as, for example, fiberglass, nylon, dacron, basalt, or non-woven materials made from natural fibers, chemical fibers without weaving (knitted, needle-punched, thermally bonded, adhesive).

As indicated above, as the base material, the insulating material may comprise metal foil, for example, aluminum foil, copper foil, polymer foil (polymeric foil material, for example polymeric foil polyethylene film).

The adhesive composition used for the sticky layer as a film-forming base contains various acrylic (aqueous) dispersions based on acrylic copolymers, for example, 60-65% aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid with a mass ratio of comonomers respectively 35-55: 40-60 : 0.5-3.0 or 60-65% aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of vinyl acetate, butyl acrylate and methacrylic acid; or a copolymer of butyl acrylate with methacrylic acid with a content of bound methacrylic acid of 5-10 wt%; or a copolymer of butyl acrylate with acrylonitrile with an acrylonitrile content of 10-20% by weight and other acrylic copolymers.

As a thickener, the adhesive composition contains, for example, Na-salt of carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), polyethylene oxide, acrylic-urethane thickener of the associative type "Polyphob TR-117" ammonium caseinate, polyacrylamide and other thickeners traditionally used in water-dispersed polymer compositions.

As a biocidal additive, the adhesive composition contains various known biocidal additives, for example, isothiazomine derivatives (1,2- (hydroxy) -5,8,11-trioxadodecane, 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) -urea, 1,6-dihydroxy- 2,5-dioxahexane Parmetol A-26) and others.

The content of the acrylic copolymer in the adhesive composition is contained, in particular, in an amount of 25-40 wt. %, a thickener in an amount of 0.5-4.0 wt. % The remaining auxiliary additives are contained in the adhesive composition in traditional amounts used in aqueous polymer dispersions of adhesives and coatings, and are usually selected experimentally, adjusting their viscosity when used.

Acrylic dispersion, as indicated above, is used with a solids content (60-65%), its application temperature is 20-25 ° C; apply it by fork technology with a deposition rate of, for example, 5 meters per minute; then carry out drying on a drum with a drying temperature of ~ 140 ° C until the water evaporates.

Various rubber hot melt adhesives are used as the hot melt glue for the sticky layer, for example, a mixture of polyisobutylene with butyl rubber in a weight ratio of 25-35: 65-75 wt.h and liquid oligomeric rubber in the amount of 5-15 wt. .h., as well as various auxiliary additives, such as vulcanizing additives (sulfur, thiuram), possibly vulcanization accelerators, carbon black, zinc oxide, phenolic antioxidant and other traditionally used in rubber adhesives.

The layers of insulating material as a thermoplastic applied to the base are, for example, made of polyolefins (polyethylene, polypropylene), perchlorovinyl resin; vinyl plastic (plasticized polyvinyl chloride) containing up to 35% by weight of the polymer modifier (chlorinated polyethylene, rubbers), up to 20% of fillers (chalk, carbon black, aerosil) and up to 10% of plasticizers.

As an elastomer for the layers applied on the base, for example, ethylene-propylene diene rubbers, divinyl styrene thermoplastic elastomers, butadiene rubbers containing vulcanizing agents (sulfur, thiuram), vulcanization accelerators, fillers, in the form of rubber compounds, providing a rubber layer on base surface.

As noted above, the layer applied to the base can be of two types: elastomeric, for example, a rubber composition, and a thermoplastic composition.

The elastomeric layer (rubber) is destroyed at high temperature: there is a thermal destruction of rubber from a rubber mixture. Long-term contact of a layer of an elastomeric composition (rubber layer) with a substance with a high temperature (above 120 ° C) leads to a general deterioration in physical and technical properties (thermal conductivity, waterproofing properties) and physical and mechanical properties (strength characteristics - strength, magnitude of elongation under load )

When used for forming layers on the sides of the base of the claimed insulating material of a thermoplastic composition, heating of more than 140-150 ° C is also not allowed, since its constituent thermoplastics, such as, for example, polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins (e.g. polyethylene) or their mixtures at a higher temperature, first pass into a fluid state in which they lose their mechanical properties, and after lowering the temperature they return to their original state. But at the same time, their physicochemical and physicomechanical properties are also deteriorating.

Thus, regardless of what is used to form one of the layers of insulating material — an elastomeric composition or a thermoplastic composition — to preserve their physicomechanical and physicochemical properties, it is undesirable to heat them to temperatures above 120-150 ° C.

The following is a specific example of obtaining claimed as an invention insulating material, illustrating the invention, but not limiting it.

Example 1

On the basis of a material that is durable and resistant to bursting (woven or non-woven material) or metal foil (aluminum foil, copper foil, polymeric foil material (polyethylene film, for example), on both its sides are applied:

• a layer of thermoplastic (thermoplastic elastomer), such as, for example, vinyl plastic: plasticized polyvinyl chloride and perchovinyl resin with additives of thermal and light stabilizers, an antioxidant that prevents the destruction of the material during processing and operation; lubricants, pigments; the thickness of the resulting layer is, for example, from 0.5 to 1.5 mm;

• or a layer made of an elastomer - divinyl styrene thermoplastic elastomer containing vulcanizing additives, fillers (in the form of a rubber mixture containing traditional target additives - vulcanizing system, carbon black fillers, zinc oxide, stabilizer (calcium stearate), with a thickness of 0.6 to 1, 2 mm).

And then (on the cured layer) apply a sticky layer made of an adhesive composition containing, for example, a mixture including in wt%:

60-65% aqueous dispersion

acrylic copolymer of butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid 40-60 wt. %;

thickener 0.5-3.0mas. %

mineral filler (chalk) 10-20mas. %;

biocidal additive (Parmetol A-26) 0.05-0.5mass. %

antiseptic (coal oil) 0.5-1.0% wt.,

water is the rest.

The thickness of the applied adhesive layer is, for example, 0.05 mm.

The applied adhesive layer of the aqueous acrylic dispersion is closed on top with a release film removed using an insulating material, for example, siliconized paper, film, foil, corrugated cardboard.

Example 2

An insulating material is obtained analogously to example 1, but only the sticky layer is made of rubber hot melt glue.

Used hot melt adhesive contains a mixture of polyisobutylene with butyl rubber in a mass ratio of 30:70 wt.h. and liquid rubber, for example, divinylpiperylene rubber in an amount of 10 parts by weight, as well as various auxiliary target additives (curing agent — sulfur, carbon black filler, zinc oxide, phenolic type antioxidant Irganox and other additives).

The adhesive layer on top is also protected by a removable release film, which is removed before using the insulating material.

Layers of thermoplastic (thermoplastic elastomer) or of elastomer applied directly to each side of the base (woven / non-woven material or metallic foil material, polymeric foil material) are obtained (formed) from compositions containing a thermoplastic resin (e.g. polypropylene) or elastomer (e.g. , butadiene rubber), which also contain traditional auxiliary target additives in amounts traditionally used in such compositions.

Compositions are prepared using standard mixing equipment (rollers, rubber mixers) using commercially available thermoplastic elastomers and synthetic rubbers, in particular products of copolymerization of ethylene with propylene (double copepolymers of the type SCEPT) or ethylene with propylene and a small amount of a third comonomer-diene with isolated double bonds of the type SKEPT, chlorosulfopolyethylene (ChSPE) based on low density polyethylene (grade KhSPE-20) or high density polyethylene (grade KhSPE-40).

These compositions, as noted above, may include conventional target and special additives, such as curing agents, fillers, stabilizers, plasticizers, dyes, inhibitors.

The composition for the sticky layer is prepared by mixing an aqueous acrylic dispersion with various indicated auxiliary target additives (e.g., thickener, biocide, antiseptic).

Below are listed (listed) the main properties of the insulating material, illustrating the achievement of the technical result.

The resulting insulating material during application has advantages compared to analogues:

- has increased operational reliability and durability due to the sticky layer over the entire surface; adhesion over the entire surface does not allow water to penetrate in case of damage to the surface of the material (breakdown, incision, rupture, etc.);

- the presence of an elastic adhesive layer contributes to an increase in crack resistance to deformations of protected surfaces (concrete and other building materials);

- has increased frost and heat resistance by maintaining the elasticity of the adhesive layer in the temperature range from

-50 ° to + 120 ° C;

- there is no fire hazardous application technology;

- environmentally friendly, has reduced toxicity;

-glue layer allows productive, less laborious, to apply the material when performing roofing and waterproofing works.

Claims (6)

1. The insulating material contains a base and layers located on both sides of it, a first layer made of thermoplastic or elastomer, and an adhesive layer located on one side on top of the first layer and made of a polymer adhesive composition based on 60-65% aqueous an acrylic dispersion containing an acrylic copolymer, a thickener, and, if necessary, various other auxiliary target additives or based on rubber hot melt adhesive, applied by roller or doctor blade method with a flow rate of the adhesive layer of at least 50 g / m ² , and the applied adhesive layer contains a removable protective release adhesive a film, and the base is made of a material that is durable and resistant to bursting, selected from the group including woven or non-woven material with a surface density of at least 100 g / m ² and a mesh size of not more than 0.1 mm or foil material with a surface density of at least 100 g / m ² . 2. The insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains metal foil as a basis. 3. The insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains aluminum foil as a base. 4. The insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains copper foil as a base. 5. The insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains polymeric foil material as a basis. 6. The insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive composition for the sticky layer as an auxiliary additive contains an antiseptic additive in the form of coal oil or coal tar.