RU2724435C1 - Hot water preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: satisfaction of vital human requirements.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to preparation of hot water for domestic and household needs. Method consists in preparation of hot water by means of storage container (5) containing inlet branch pipe of cold water (6), inlet connection pipe of hot water (7), overflow branch pipe (13), outlet branch pipe, water temperature sensor (10) in a storage container, a water temperature sensor (11) in the inlet branch pipe of hot water, control unit (12). Accumulating reservoir (5) is supplemented with float switch K1 (14) located below level of overflow, and float switch K2 (15) located above level of overflow. Then, current water temperature T is measured and compared with temperature settings T1, T2, T3, T4, where T1 is less than T2, T2 is less than T3, T3 is less than T4. Further, if T of water is less than T1, cold water supply is switched off if water T is greater than T2, then cold water supply is switched on if water T is less than T3, then hot water is switched on if water T is greater than T4, then hot water supply is switched off, and if, after operation of float switch K1, T of water is in range from T1 to T4, then water set is stopped, otherwise water set is continued until required temperature is obtained, or before actuation of float switch K2. If during the hot water supply time t1 the temperature in the inlet branch pipe of the hot water is less than the setting value T5, the hot water supply is terminated and resumed after the time t2.EFFECT: water saving, short water preparation time for consumption, maintenance of required water temperature during the consumption cycle, comfortable use of hot water, absence of user dependence on availability of electric energy and water in supply pipelines of cold and hot water during consumption.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of preparation of hot water for domestic and household needs and can be used at industrial enterprises, in agriculture, in everyday life. The method is most applicable at facilities where hot water for domestic and household needs is obtained by indirect heating through a gas heating boiler or through a storage water heater (boiler), where the temperature of hot water changes significantly during its consumption.

The aim of the present invention is to prepare hot water of the required temperature immediately before consumption.

The technical result is a significant saving of water, a short time for preparing water for consumption, maintaining the required water temperature during the consumption cycle, the convenience of using hot water, the user is not dependent on the availability of electricity and water in the cold and hot water supply pipelines during consumption.

A known method of preparing hot water by means of a flowing electric water heater. A significant disadvantage of this method is the large power consumed from the mains. The second disadvantage of this method is the dependence of the temperature of hot water on its flow rate. The third disadvantage of this method is that the heater does not turn on with a small flow of water, which forces to increase the flow of water, unnecessarily consume water and electricity. The fourth drawback is the dependence of the production of hot water in the consumption process on the availability of electricity.

A known method of preparing hot water by means of a storage electric water heater. The selection of hot water from such a water heater occurs simultaneously with its filling with cold water. With intensive consumption of hot water, the temperature in the water heater decreases, which is a significant drawback. To achieve the maximum efficiency of the storage water heater, it is recommended to set the temperature to 60 ° C. For direct use, this temperature is high. In this case, hot water must be mixed with cold water, which, as a rule, is produced manually by means of a mixer. Reducing the temperature of hot water during consumption forces an additional adjustment, which reduces the comfort of using water. The second disadvantage of this method is the dependence of the production of hot water in the consumption process on the availability of electricity.

A known method of preparing hot water through an automatic mixer. The first disadvantage of this method is the high price of such devices. The second disadvantage of this method is the requirement of a stable standard pressure in the water supply, which in practice is not always feasible. The third disadvantage of this method is the rapid failure of such mixers in the case of a high content of calcium salts in water.

For all these methods, a common drawback is the dependence of the production of hot water during use on the availability of water in the cold water supply pipe.

Closest to the proposed method and adopted as a prototype is a method for preparing hot water using a double-circuit gas boiler with an indirect heating boiler (for example, I. Mikhailov. Accumulative indirect water heaters https://qasline.pro/news/post/9/). With the known method, a coil is located in the boiler tank, through which the water of the heating circuit is circulated. From it, thermal energy is transferred to the water in the tank, heating it to the desired temperature. From the boiler tank, water enters the hot water supply system.

A significant disadvantage of this method is the instability of the temperature of hot water during consumption. The second disadvantage of this method is that the temperature of the hot water coming from the boiler into the hot water supply can be, for example, 70-80 ° C, which is dangerous for humans. The user sets the water temperature in the boiler if necessary to obtain a sufficient amount of hot water during consumption. The third disadvantage of this method is the need to mix hot water with cold immediately before consumption, which in practice is done manually by means of a mixer with additional adjustment during consumption. A fourth drawback is the dependence of the production of hot water on the availability of electricity and water in the cold water supply pipe.

In order to accomplish this task, a storage tank is used that has a cold water supply pipe, a hot water supply pipe, a water flow pipe, an overflow pipe, a water temperature sensor in the storage tank, a temperature sensor in the hot water pipe. The storage tank is supplemented with two float switches, one of which - K1 is installed below the overflow level, and the other - K2 is installed above the overflow level. The supply of hot and cold water is carried out by means of solenoid valves installed on the respective nozzles. The supply of cold water to the water supply system is made from the capacity of the water supply.

The task, in accordance with the proposed method, is achieved by measuring the current temperature T of water in the storage tank and comparing it with the temperature settings T1, T2, T3, T4, with T1 less than T2, T2 less than T3, T3 less than T4. If T of water is less than T1, then turn off the supply of cold water. If T of water is greater than T2, then turn on the supply of cold water. If T of water is less than T3, then turn on the supply of hot water. If T of water is greater than T4, then turn off the supply of hot water. With this regulation, there is a range of water temperature in the storage tank T2-T3 when a set of hot and cold water is simultaneously turned on. In accordance with the proposed method, the use of hot water can be made without waiting for a full set of storage capacity. In this case, the water temperature in the storage tank corresponds to the temperature settings. Thus, a short time of water availability for consumption is achieved. Also, when collecting hot water into the storage tank, its temperature in the hot water pipe is checked by means of a temperature sensor. For this, after turning on the hot water set, after time t1, its temperature is periodically measured. If the hot water temperature is less than the setpoint T5, then its flow is stopped and resumed after time t2. With the intensive consumption of hot water received from the water heater, its temperature may decrease to a value lower than that required. Such a control algorithm, in accordance with the proposed method, avoids the collection of insufficiently hot water in the storage tank. In the known method there is no water circulation in the pipes of hot water supply. At the same time, the user’s waiting time for hot water increases as the length of the pipes from the heater to the place of consumption increases and the user drains part of the water into the sewer. In accordance with the proposed method, not enough hot water enters the storage tank. Further, as hot water arrives, the temperature in the storage tank increases and reaches the desired value. The storage tank is installed in the immediate vicinity of the place of consumption of prepared water with a minimum pipe length from the water flow pipe to the place of consumption. Thus provide significant savings in water compared with the known method.

If after operation of the float switch K1 located below the overflow level, T of water will be in the range from T1 to T4, then the water intake is stopped. Otherwise, the set of water is continued until the required temperature is obtained, or until the K2 float switch is located above the overflow level. The operation of the float switch K2 occurs when the water is collected more intensively than the excess water is drained. Water from the overflow pipe, in accordance with the proposed method, enters the capacity of the water supply, and is not wasted uselessly. A situation is possible when at the beginning of the water collection cycle in the storage tank there is a certain amount of water of insufficient temperature. This occurs when in the previous cycle of consumption, water is not fully consumed. In this case, after water intake and operation of the float switch K1, the water temperature in the storage tank may be lower than the setting T1. In this case, continue to set hot water. Further, if the water level in the storage tank reaches the overflow level, then the excess water through the overflow pipe will enter the water supply tank. If at a further supply of water its level reaches the level of operation of the float switch K2, then the water intake is stopped. As a result of draining excess water and a set of hot water, the water temperature in the storage tank reaches from T1 to T4. In order to minimize excess water drainage, the difference in the volume of water between the float switch K1 and the overflow pipe must be sufficient to draw hot water with

the purpose of obtaining the required temperature without overflow.

For the most complete disclosure of the invention, in FIG. presents, as an example, a functional diagram of a possible implementation of a method for preparing hot water. In this example, prepared water is used for showering. In accordance with Fig., 1 is the capacity of the water supply, 2 is the pressure tank, 3 is the pump, 4 is the gas double-circuit heating boiler, 5 is the storage tank, 6 is the cold water pipe, 7 is the hot water pipe, 8 is the cold solenoid valve water, 9 - a hot water solenoid valve, 10 - a water temperature sensor in the storage tank, 11 - a temperature sensor in a hot water pipe, 12 - a control unit, 13 - overflow pipe, 14 - a float switch K1, 15 - a float switch K2, 16 - consumable pipe, 17 - valve.

The system for preparing hot water for consumption works as follows: pump 3 pumps water from the water supply tank - 1 to the pressure tank - 2. From the pressure tank - 2, cold water enters the storage tank 5 through the cold water pipe - 6, if the cold solenoid valve is open water - 8. From the pressure tank - 2, water also enters the gas double-circuit heating boiler - 4, and then, when heated, into the storage tank - 5 through the hot water pipe - 7, if the solenoid valve for hot water - 9.

The control unit - 12 measures the temperature of the water in the storage tank - 2 using the temperature sensor of the water in the storage tank - 10, displays the measured temperature and compares it with the temperature settings T1, T2, T3, T4, with T1 less than T2, T2 less than T3, T3 less than T4. The control unit - 12 measures the temperature of hot water by means of a temperature sensor in the nozzle of hot water - 11, displays the measured temperature and compares it with the temperature setting T5. The control unit - 12 monitors the state of the contacts of the float switch K1 and float switch K2. The control unit - 12 controls the opening of the cold water solenoid valve - 8 and the hot water solenoid valve - 9. In this example, T1 corresponds to 33 ° C, T2 - 34 ° C, T3 - 36 ° C, T4 - 37 ° C. Further, if T of water is less than T1, then the cold water supply is turned off. If T of water is greater than T2, then turn on the supply of cold water. If T of water is less than T3, then turn on the supply of hot water. If T of water is greater than T4, then turn off the supply of hot water. The proposed method allows you to set both hot and cold water at the same time, which reduces the time of collecting the storage tank - 5. Also, the proposed method allows you to maintain the required temperature in the process of water collection, which ensures comfortable use of prepared water, allows you to use prepared water without waiting for a set of full storage tank.

If, when the contact of the float switch K1 closes, the water temperature will be from T1 to T4, then the water treatment cycle is considered completed and the supply of hot and cold water is turned off.

In the case when there is an intensive consumption of hot water, its temperature decreases significantly due to the limited power of the gas boiler - 4. The control unit - 12 opens the solenoid valve for hot water - 9 for the time t1. If, after the time t1 has elapsed, the hot water temperature will be lower than the temperature setting T5, then the control unit - 12 closes the hot water solenoid valve - 9. Next, the control unit - 12 opens the solenoid valve for hot water - 9 after t2 and the control cycle is repeated. In this example, t1 is 10 s, t2 is 120 s, T5 is 45 ° C.

In this example, to ensure minimal overflow, the volume of water in the storage tank to the level of the float switch K1 - 14 is 30 liters, the volume to the level of the overflow pipe - 13 is 45 liters, the volume to the level of the float switch K2 - 15 is 50 liters.

The storage tank, in this example, is located directly above the shower cabin, which eliminates the expectation by the user of the prepared water and its loss.

The storage tank is also supplemented with a valve - 17, manually opened and connecting the supply pipe - 16 with a water supply capacity of 1. During prolonged interruptions in the use of prepared water, the user manually opens valve - 17 and drains the water from the storage tank - 5 to the water supply capacity - 1 This allows you to protect the storage capacity from the development of microorganisms. For the same purpose, provide for complete drainage of water from the storage tank - 5.

An advantage of the proposed method is that after the preparation of water, in accordance with the proposed method, the user can consume the prepared water regardless of the availability of electricity and water in the supply pipelines of cold and hot water.

Before consumption of prepared water, the user gives the control unit - 12 command "START". The control unit performs water preparation signaling to the user that the temperature of the water in the storage tank corresponds to 5. The user takes a shower, consuming the required amount of prepared water through the supply pipe - 16. The user stops the water supply to the storage tank by giving the STOP command to the control unit.

To increase user comfort, the storage capacity can be supplemented with a mechanical or electronic level indicator.

A flowing or storage gas or electric water heater, a centralized hot water supply system can also be used as a source of hot water. An additional advantage of the proposed method is the normal operation of sources of hot and cold water, since the full opening of the electromagnetic valves of hot and cold water and the maximum water flows are used.

In the analyzed literature sources the proposed method was not found by the author. This allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty." These differences of the proposed method compared with the prototype are significant. This allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "inventive step".

Claims (1)

A method for preparing hot water by means of a storage tank containing an inlet pipe of cold water, an inlet pipe of hot water, an overflow pipe, an outlet pipe, a temperature sensor of water in the storage tank, a temperature sensor of water in the inlet pipe of hot water, a control unit, characterized in that the storage tank complement the float switch K1 located below the overflow level, and the float switch K2 located above the overflow level, measure the current water temperature T and compare with the temperature settings T1, T2, T3, T4, with T1 less than T2, T2 less than T3, T3 less than T4 further, if T water is less than T1, then turn off the cold water supply, if T water is greater than T2, then turn on the cold water supply, if T water is less than T3, then turn on the hot water supply, if T water is more than T4, then turn off the hot water supply , and if after operation of the float switch K1, T of water is in the range from T1 to T4, then the set of water is stopped, otherwise The water intake is continued until the required temperature is reached, or until the float switch K2 is activated, if during the hot water supply time t1 the temperature in the hot water inlet pipe is less than the set point T5, the hot water supply is stopped and restarted after time t2.

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