RU2724061C1 - Quick-detachable connection for hydraulic and pneumatic lines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic (pneumatic) quick-detachable joint providing for connection and detachment of pneumatic or hydraulic lines, and can be used in machine building, deep-sea and rescue operations. Invention improves reliability of device by excluding aggression of corrosive liquids pressing elements and increases functionality of device and possibility of passing through one and the same structure of various liquids and gases, including aggressive ones, and thus improves reliability of connection lines due to optimum docking of valves.EFFECT: providing connection of valve shutoff parts with sealing elements outside the device, on the side of action of working liquid (gas), equipping cylindrical parts of valves extending beyond the device in docked state, by means of holes in contact with working fluid, and design of valves with through holes, providing for coupling and closure of half-couplings of free passage of working fluid, that is a hydraulic (pneumatic) line, as well as arrangement of pressure elements inside the cavity of the device, thereby eliminating contact of springs with working fluid.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

QUICK DISCONNECT CONNECTION FOR HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC LINES

Hydraulic (pneumatic) quick-disconnect connection refers to devices that provide connection and undocking of pneumatic and hydraulic lines, and can be used in mechanical engineering, deep-sea and rescue operations. The invention improves the reliability of the device by eliminating the corrosive fluids of the pressure elements and increases the functionality of the device due to the possibility of passing through the same design different in the properties of liquids and gases, including aggressive ones, increases the reliability of the connection of lines due to the optimal connection of the valves.

The field and level of technology to which the invention relates.

The present invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular, to devices for connecting hydraulic and pneumatic lines using hoses, pipes, tubes and hoses. Specifically, the proposal relates to quick couplings of hydraulic and pneumatic lines transporting liquids and gases, including aggressive ones.

Quick couplings are a widely used technique. If the task of passing different liquids or gases, for example, hot water, then acid, steam-air mixture, and then alkali, is successively passed along the same line, it is necessary to guarantee reliable operation of the line, preventing the destruction of the elements of the device. Such devices are in demand in various fields of technology: aerospace, emergency rescue operations, underwater tests and research. When carrying out technological processes in these sectors, it often becomes necessary to quickly close and open lines, including those intended for pumping chemically aggressive liquids or gases.

A quick-disconnect pipe connection is known, consisting of two half-couplings equipped with built-in shut-off valves and a ball lock, containing balls and a spring-loaded sleeve (patent RU No. 2187739). The connection provides the impermeability of the hydraulic cavities when they are undocked and the possibility of undocking under pressure. The disadvantage of this device is the inability to connect the lines in the presence of residual pressure in them, the vulnerability of the pressure elements in contact with aggressive working fluid or gas, insufficient reliability.

Known quick coupling, consisting of two spring-loaded half-couplings, equipped with shut-off valves and a ball lock, containing a rod and a disk spring (RF patent No. 2373451). The connection provides impermeability and tightness of the closure and opening, but at the same time has a bulky design, does not protect the pressure elements from aggressive working fluids. Moreover, to change the working fluid flow rate, it is necessary to manufacture a whole model range of similar devices providing a different medium flow through the docking station. Known quick-disconnect connection lines (RF patent No. 2283452), consisting of two coupling halves, each of which contains a spring-loaded shut-off valve with a sealing element. Valve seats are made in the half-coupling bodies. The coupling halves are connected by means of a ball lock. In the open position of the connector, the valves are tightly closed. When connecting the coupling halves, the valve tips abut one another, due to which they are further displaced until the coupling halves are closed, which allows creating gaps between the valves and seats for the transmission of working fluid. In an aspect of the invention, this technical solution is considered as a prototype. The disadvantages of this solution are:

- in constant contact of the pressure elements with the working fluid, if aggressive fluids are used, the pressure elements (springs) may fail, and the device will lose operability;

- the complexity of manufacturing a line of quick disconnect connections, ensuring the passage of various amounts of working fluid;

- in need for each standard size to produce new half-coupling bodies with seats and valves.

Known quick-disconnect connection of hydraulic and pneumatic lines RectuChem +, when the device for resistance to aggressive liquids and gases, is completely made of plastic, and the springs are made of synthetic crystalline thermoplastic PEEK. (Quick Couplings, ParkerHannifm Company Directory “Quick Couplings for Pneumatic Systems and Fluid Transport,” p. 177; Issue: April 2016, 4 / CAT / 3800-PNEU / RU). However, this device, acquiring the property of chemical resistance, is unable to withstand significant mechanical loads (static and shock), as well as the high pressure of the process fluid. A spring made of synthetic material creates little effort. Therefore, such devices are of limited use in the pharmaceutical industry for very low pressures and low liquid flow rates.

GOST 30539-97 "Quick disconnect couplings for nominal pressure 1,0; 1.6; 2.5 MPa. Technical requirements and test methods ”, establishes requirements for the rigidity of the design of quick disconnect joints. The design must withstand in closed condition the radial and axial load of 2200 N. Given such stringent technical requirements, the only solution remains - to use stainless steel and titanium alloy for the manufacture of devices, as well as metal springs that can create significant forces. These materials are widely used now for the manufacture of coupling halves. But from these materials it is impossible to make push elements. Therefore, the protection of pressure elements (springs) from exposure to a working fluid or gas is relevant.

The listed disadvantages of analogues and prototype are eliminated in the proposed technical solution for quick disconnect connections of hydraulic and pneumatic lines, and are solved:

- the location of the locking parts of the valves with sealing elements outside the device, on the part of the working fluid or gas;

- equipping the cylindrical parts of the valves extending beyond the device in the docked state with openings in contact with the working fluid;

- the implementation of valves with through holes, which, when connecting and closing the coupling halves, the unhindered passage of the working fluid, that is, a hydraulic or pneumatic line;

- the placement of the pressure elements inside the cavity of the device when contact between the springs and the working fluid is excluded.

The proposed quick disconnect connection of hydraulic and pneumatic lines, consisting of two coupling halves, joined by means of a ball lock. It contains axially located valves, consisting of locking and cylindrical parts, with springs and sealing elements, moreover, the cylindrical parts in the closed state of the coupling halves abut one another, ensuring the locking and unlocking of the locking parts of the valves. The locking parts of the valves are located outside the quick-connect, from the side of the working fluid. The cylindrical parts are equipped with radial and bore holes that interact with the working fluid in the docked position and provide a hydraulic line when connecting the coupling halves, and the pressure elements are placed between the coupling halves and valve protrusions on top of the cylindrical parts.

In the proposed technical solution, the main distinguishing features of the quick disconnect for hydraulic and pneumatic lines are formulated.

Signs: “the locking parts of the valves are located outside the quick disconnect, from the side of the working fluid” provide a cavity inside the device where there is no working fluid and in the open position of the coupling half, the locking parts are pressed against the bodies the stronger, the higher the pressure of the working fluid.

Signs: “cylindrical parts are equipped with radial and bore holes that interact with the working fluid in the docked position and provide a hydraulic line when connecting the coupling halves” ensure that the working fluid passes through the device without contact with the pressure elements, as well as the possibility of manufacturing a model range of devices with the same coupling size (only the size of the holes in the valves changes). This significantly reduces the loss of working fluid during the docking and undocking of the connection.

The sign: "pressure elements are placed between the coupling halves and valve protrusions, on top of the cylindrical parts" ensures the safety of the pressure elements due to the location in that part of the structure where contact with the working fluid is excluded.

The invention aims to improve the hydraulic and pneumatic fittings. When using the invention, the following technical effect is achieved:

1. It is possible to pass concentrated aggressive liquids through the device without loss of operation of the unit.

2. Significantly reduces the loss of working fluid when closing and opening the device due to the optimal connection of the valves.

3. The cost of manufacturing the size range of devices is reduced, since the completion of the half-coupling bodies is not required, the completion of the through-hole in the valve is sufficient, which allows you to change the flow rate of the working fluid while maintaining the previous dimensions of the device.

4. The locking reliability and overall reliability of the device is increased, that is, when the device is open, the outer parts of the valves with sealing elements are pressed against the halves of the couplings with the greater effort, the greater the pressure in the line.

The proposed technical solution can be implemented through the use of standard materials for mechanical engineering, technological methods and the use of original simple solutions without developing special expensive materials and sophisticated technologies. The proposed quick coupler meets the criterion of "novelty", as it has distinctive features from the prototype, a new constructive implementation of the elements and new connections between the elements. The above properties do not coincide with the properties that are the hallmarks of the known solutions, and are not the sum of their properties, which allows us to consider the claimed solution to meet the criterion of "significant differences".

An example of the implementation of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by figures 1, 2. A quick disconnect in the closed state is shown in figure 1. Here:

1 - valve;

2 - a sealing element on the locking part of the valve;

3 - sealing element;

4 - pressure element (spring);

5 - radial hole in the valve at the locking part;

6 - ball shutter;

7 - fixing element;

8 - a lock ring;

9 - valve bore;

The quick disconnect connection in the open state is shown in figure 2. The device operates as follows:

In the open position of the device, the half-coupling valves F and M are impermeable and hermetically closed. The degree of pressure of the sealing elements 2 enhances the pressure of the working fluid in the connected lines. To close the device, part F is inserted into part M, while the tips of the cylindrical part of the valves abut one another and, with further joining of the parts F and M, the valves 1 move, until gaps are formed between the locking parts of the valves and the coupling halves. The springs 4 are reduced, and the working fluid enters the valve openings 5 and the valve openings 9, the hydraulic (pneumatic) line closes and the liquid or gas can freely move in any direction. In this case, the springs are reliably protected from contact with the working fluid. The locking of the parts of the connector occurs when the locking element 7 is placed in the groove on the protruding part of the connector F. When the connector is opened, the shutter 6 moves, and the locking element 7 leaves the groove of the protruding part of the connector F and the device opens. The springs 4 straighten and tighten the seals 3, and the valves 1 return to their original position and tighten the seals 2. This stops the access of the working fluid to the holes in the valves 5 and the hydraulic connection opens.

Claims (1)

A quick-disconnect connection of hydraulic and pneumatic lines, consisting of two half-couplings joined by means of a ball lock, containing axially located valves, consisting of locking and cylindrical parts, springs and sealing elements, and the cylindrical parts of the valves in the closed state of the half-couplings abut one another, providing coupling and unlocking of the valves, characterized in that the locking parts of the valves are located outside the quick-connect, from the side of the working fluid or gas, the cylindrical parts are equipped with radial and bore holes that interact with the working fluid in the docked position and provide a hydraulic line when connecting the coupling halves, and pressure elements are placed between the halves of the coupling and the protrusions of the valves, on top of the cylindrical parts.

Images