RU2723201C1 - Aircraft-type unmanned aerial vehicle for detection of missing person - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the aviation equipment. Unmanned aerial vehicle of aircraft type for detection of missing person comprises body, built-in on-board computer system, module for determination of spatial coordinates, communication module, audio recorder. Aircraft has two loudspeakers, an audio signal amplifier, two F type antennas, a radio module for transmitting data from the computer and an audio signal from the audio recorder. Computer is connected through a power interface to the junction box, can be connected to a surveillance camera in the form of a mirror-free camera and a radio module for transmitting data from a computer and audio from an audio recorder in the form of a highly sensitive microphone rigidly fixed on one wing. Parachute hatch is arranged between loudspeakers. Spatial coordinates determining module is made with the receiver GPS/GLONASS antenna and is connected to the flight controller. Communication module is in form of a radio telemetry and control module. On-board processing single-board computer and mirror-free camera are installed on removable carbon platform. Mirror-free camera is connected to the flight controller by means of a socket-type box.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at increasing the efficiency of determining coordinates of a missing person.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to aircraft, in particular to unmanned aerial vehicles and can be used for rescue and search of people.

A known system for observing the Earth’s surface with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), comprising a controller installed on the UAV associated with the monitoring equipment, an autopilot and the first transceiver module, a propulsion system and a steering gear connected to the corresponding controller outputs, aerodynamic steering wheels connected to the steering output the drive, as well as a ground wearable or portable information processing and control device, including a second transceiver module, configured to exchange information over the air with the first transceiver module, an information processing and display unit, the input of which is connected to the output of the second transceiver module, and a unit control, the first output of which is connected to the input of the second transceiver module, characterized in that the control unit is configured to generate at the first output commands to turn the propulsion system on and off to transfer the UAV to airplane mode with a rail or a kite mode during flight under conditions of absence or presence of wind, while for the implementation of the second of these modes, an add-on winch and a handrail are additionally introduced into the system, the control input of the add-on winch connected to the second output of the control unit, the hand-rail is wound on the winch drum, and the end the leera is attached to the UAV case. The monitoring equipment includes a digital camera configured to video, and a rotary device configured to orient the digital camera in predetermined directions, and the control unit is configured with additional capabilities for generating control commands for the digital camera and the rotary device. The first and second transceiver modules are made in the form of Bluetooth modules. The propulsion system is based on an electric motor. (RF patent No. 2323851, publ. 05/10/2008)

A mobile unmanned aerial monitoring complex is known that contains a small-sized unmanned aerial vehicle of a helicopter type, equipped with payload equipment transmitting real-time information, a digital camera, a digital video camera, a thermal imaging camera, a radiometer-dosimeter, a gas analyzer, a mobile ground control station for an aircraft, radio-telemetric bidirectional communication system of the aircraft and its mobile ground control station, consisting of airborne and ground equipment, characterized in that it is supplemented by two unmanned aerial vehicles of the type of small and medium radius, elastic and mechanical launchers for unmanned aerial vehicles of the aircraft type, portable autonomous weather station, a set of life support equipment, as well as radio communications and a portable video terminal for receiving and transmitting video and telemetry data from the area emergency situation with an unmanned aerial vehicle to the vehicle crew, as a payload includes a gyrostabilized optoelectronic system equipped with video and thermal imaging cameras, a module for alerting the population and a radio signal relay module, and as a mobile ground control station for the aircraft, a ground control station , which is an automated workstation of portable stand-alone performance, located on the chassis of a cross-country vehicle. RF patent No. 2612754, publ. 03/13/17)

Known unmanned aerial system containing an unmanned aerial vehicle of a helicopter type, designed for radar optical watch, made according to the quadrocopter and contains a fuselage, a beam holder designed to suspend and transport the payload container, the first power plant, the second power plant, the third power plant and a fourth power unit, mounted to the fuselage with four rotary supports, an optoelectronic system, an onboard automatic tracking and flight control system are placed on the fuselage, and a payload container suspended in the front of the fuselage using a beam holder equipped with a radio-transparent fairing and an electronic complex, the left skid gear and the right skid gear are connected to the first, second, third and fourth support legs, which are connected to the fuselage. The payload container, equipped with a radio-transparent fairing and a radio complex, is designed to detect, identify and track air, sea and ground objects, to detect and to detect radio electronic interference, to monitor objects of the fuel and energy complex, to map the terrain, to detect weather patterns, it contains a flight-navigation complex intended for piloting an unmanned aerial vehicle in the patrol area along standard paths, exchanging information with a mobile control center, automatically tracking the coordinates of an unmanned aerial vehicle, generating a flight path of an unmanned aerial vehicle, controlling power settings of an unmanned aerial vehicle, on-board computer system, on-board radar station, antenna unit, liquid cooling system, air cooling system, state recognition system, optical surveillance system, interface unit, fuel system, heating system, anti-icing system, power supply system, while the first input-output of the flight-navigation complex is connected to the first input-output of the on-board computer system, the second input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of the airborne radar station, the second input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of the antenna unit, the third input-output of the airborne radar is connected to the first input-output of the liquid cooling system, the fourth input-output of the airborne radar is connected to the first input-output of the air cooling - the output of said airborne radar station is connected to the first input-output of the state recognition system, the second output of which is connected to the third input of the on-board computer system, the fourth input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of the optical surveillance system, the fifth input-output of the said on-board computer system is connected to the first input-output of the interface unit, the second input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of the fuel system, the third input-output of the interface unit is connected to the first input-output of the heating system, the fourth input-output of the interface unit is connected to the first input - the output of the anti-icing system, the fifth input-output of the said interface unit is connected to the first input-output of the power supply system. As the optical-electronic system, the optical-electronic system OES-52 is used, which is intended for viewing space in the visible and infrared ranges, detecting and automatically tracking ground and surface objects, and measuring the distance to objects. As the airborne radar station, airborne electronic equipment is used to generate, emit and receive a radar signal used to detect and track air, sea and ground objects at ranges up to 400 km, to operate in the X-frequency range, and is used as an antenna unit a passive phased array mounted on a two-stage mechanical (in azimuth and roll) electrohydrodrive, which provides, taking into account the radiation pattern width, viewing angles relative to the construction axis of the unmanned aerial vehicle, in azimuth ± 120, in elevation ± 60 °. (RF patent No. 187275, publ. 02/28/2019)

Known unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) of a helicopter type, containing electric motors equipped with rotors providing vertical take-off and landing of the UAV, a battery that is an energy source for electric engines, which is equipped with an electromagnetic relay with the ability to switch contacts that are triggered when the battery is discharged , a capacitor of large capacity, connected using the contacts of the electromagnetic relay to the terminals of electric motors. (RF patent No. 182648, published on 08.24.2018)

For the prototype, an unmanned aerial vehicle for search and rescue operations was selected, characterized in that it contains a built-in microprocessor and a built-in module for determining spatial coordinates and a communication module connected to it, while the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle has connectors for charging its batteries, and is made with the possibility of simultaneously fixing and connecting to a microprocessor a high-resolution video camera, an infrared night-vision camera, an uncooled thermal imaging camera, a directional audio recorder, a scanning lidar, a cell phone signal detection module, a passive RF beacon detection module, an active avalanche bipper detection module, a subsurface radar and a bioradar . The module for determining spatial coordinates is satellite. The communication module operates over the air. The housing is dust and water tight. The housing is configured to be fixed on the vehicle body. (RF patent No. 181691, publ. 07.26.2018)

The common disadvantages of the known technical solutions include a weak determination of the coordinates of the selected small object in the search area, the inability to receive and transmit sound signals of the person being saved.

The task is the ability to search for a missing person.

The technical result is the possibility of operational reconnaissance of the terrain by an unmanned aerial vehicle to determine the coordinates of a missing person.

The technical result is achieved by an airplane-type unmanned aerial vehicle for detecting a missing person, which contains a built-in on-board computer system, a spatial coordinate determination module, a communication module, an audio recorder, while the unmanned aerial vehicle’s body is capable of simultaneously fixing and connecting a surveillance camera to the on-board computer system, additionally contains two loudspeakers, an audio signal amplifier, two F type antennas, a radio module for transmitting data from a computer and an audio signal from an audio recorder, a power interface, while the on-board computer system is represented by a processing single-board computer with a highly accurate neural network to which an air-cooled radiator is connected and which located in the monolithic body of an unmanned aerial vehicle, while the processing single-board computer is connected via a power interface to the junction box, it has the ability to connection with a surveillance camera in the form of a mirrorless camera and a radio module for transmitting data from a computer and sound from an audio recorder in the form of a highly sensitive microphone rigidly fixed to one wing, the edge of which is made with a vibration-suppressing and noise-insulating coating and can be connected to a radio module for transmitting data from a computer and sound , two loudspeakers are coaxially rigidly fixed in the lower part of the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle, each is in a plastic case with a degree of protection IP55 and has a connection with an audio signal amplifier, which is connected to a junction box, a parachute hatch with a parachute landing system is placed between the loudspeakers, a module for determining spatial The coordinates are made with the GPS / Glonass antenna of the receiver and have the ability to connect to the flight controller, the communication module is made in the form of a telemetry and unmanned aerial vehicle radio module, mounted on an internal part The body of the 3D printing platform is made of ABS plastic and has a connection to the flight controller, antennas are made of copper F type, operating at a frequency of 860-980 MHz, one of which has a connection to a telemetry and control module of an unmanned aerial vehicle, the other has a connection to a radio data transmission module from a computer and an audio signal from a microphone, each mounted on a removable textolite pad, an onboard processing single-board computer and a mirrorless camera mounted on a removable carbon pad that is mounted in the center of the outer casing of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the wiring box is made of ABS plastic, in which the field-effect transistor is installed , the mirrorless camera is connected by a junction box to the flight controller.

The essential features affecting the achievement of the specified technical result are:

- additional equipment in the form of two loudspeakers, an audio signal amplifier, two F type antennas, a radio module for transmitting data from a computer and an audio signal from an audio recorder in the form of a highly sensitive microphone, power interface;

- representation of the on-board computer system by a processing single-board computer with a highly accurate neural network, to which an air-cooled radiator is connected and which are located in a monolithic body of an unmanned aerial vehicle, while the processing single-board computer is connected via a power interface to a junction box, it can be connected to a surveillance camera in the form mirrorless camera and radio module for transmitting data from a computer and sound from a highly sensitive microphone;

- the implementation of the directional audio recorder in the form of a highly sensitive microphone, rigidly fixed to one wing, the edge of which is made with the application of vibration damping and soundproof coatings and has the ability to connect to a radio module for transmitting data from a computer and sound;

- the presence of two speakers, which are coaxially rigidly fixed in the lower part of the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle, each of which is located in a plastic case with a degree of protection IP55 and has a connection to an audio signal amplifier, which is connected to a junction box;

- placement between two loudspeakers of a parachute hatch with a parachute landing system;

- implementation of the module for determining spatial coordinates with the GPS / Glonass antenna of the receiver, and the possibility of its connection with the flight controller;

- the implementation of the communication module in the form of a radio module for telemetry and control of an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is mounted on a 3D printing platform made of ABS plastic located in the interior of the 3D housing and which has a connection to the flight controller;

- implementation of copper F type antennas operating at a frequency of 860-980 MHz, one of which is connected to a telemetry and control module of an unmanned aerial vehicle, the other has a connection to a radio module for transmitting data from a computer and audio signal from a microphone, each mounted on a removable textolite pad ;

- the installation of an onboard processing single-board computer and a mirrorless camera on a removable carbon pad, which is mounted in the center of the outer casing of an unmanned aerial vehicle,

- implementation of the junction box of ABS plastic, in which the field-effect transistor is installed;

- the ability to connect a mirrorless camera with a junction box with a flight controller.

The degree of protection of IP55 loudspeakers reliably protects against the effects of various negative factors, in particular the effects of moisture, direct ingress of water, dust, as well as the mechanical effects of various objects.

The radio data transmission module is used to transmit data from a computer and audio signals from a microphone.

The radio telemetry and control module is designed to receive and transmit telemetric information.

A GPS / Glonass antenna is used to hold a UAV position. Allows you to stabilize the UAV, to carry out automatic flight along the route, automatic return to the starting point in order to improve operational safety.

The flight controller provides UAV stabilization in the air, altitude retention, automatic flight at optional points, and the transfer of the current flight parameters to the ground.

Vibration dampening and soundproof coatings are applied successively to the edge of the wing, on which a highly sensitive microphone is mounted. The vibration damping coating provides mechanical protection and enhances the vibroacoustic properties of the material. Noise-insulating coating eliminates extraneous sounds, interference.

The radio telemetry and control module operates at frequencies of 915 MHz. For compatibility with an F type antenna, the claimed range is 860-980 MHz. The implementation of the F type copper antenna provides reliability and durability of the electrical contacts, the antenna works well for a long time (it is not subject to corrosion. It is easily soldered.

The establishment of a highly sensitive microphone allows you to catch the slightest sound signals from the missing person, not even clearly expressed.

An airplane-type unmanned aerial vehicle for detecting a missing person is illustrated by the following figures:

FIG. 1 - shows a General view;

FIG. 2 - junction box with a transistor located in it;

FIG. 3 - loudspeaker in a protective housing;

FIG. 4 - location of a single-board computer with an air-cooled radiator in a monolithic case.

FIG. 5 - connection diagram of structural elements

An aircraft-type unmanned aerial vehicle for detecting a missing person consists of an onboard processing single-board computer 1 with a highly accurate neural network, a GPS / Glonass receiver antenna 2, a telemetry and control module for an unmanned aerial vehicle 3, a highly sensitive microphone 4, a mirrorless camera 5, two loudspeakers 6, two two antennas F type 7, flight controller 8, a radio module for transmitting data from a computer and an audio signal from a microphone 9, a power interface 10, a junction box 11 inside which there is a field effect transistor 12, a parachute hatch 13, a 3D printing platform 14 on which a telemetry radio module is installed and control of an unmanned aerial vehicle 3. Each of the F type 7 antennas is mounted on a removable textolite pad 15. An air-cooled radiator 16 is connected to the on-board processing single-board computer 16. The on-board processing single-board computer 1 and mirrorless camera 5 are mounted on removable carbon pad 17. Each of the two loudspeakers 6 is mounted in a plastic casing 18. An amplifier for an audio signal 19. A monolithic casing of an unmanned aerial vehicle 20, in which a single-board processing computer and an air-cooled radiator are located.

An example of a specific implementation.

Previously, the body of an unmanned aerial vehicle is equipped with external and internal structural elements.

The edge of the wing, where a highly sensitive microphone is installed, is made with vibration damping (for example, aluminum foil) and soundproof (for example, foamed polyethylene) coatings.

The telemetry and control radio module connected to the flight controller (in our example, Pixhawk) made it possible to remotely control the drone.

An onboard processing single-board computer was connected via a power interface to a junction box with a transistor in conjunction with a mirrorless camera to supply the required current.

After bringing the drone into working condition, it was sent to a given search area for a lost person.

By means of a mirrorless camera (in our example, a Sony a6000 24 Mpik camera), the device performs aerial photography by scanning the territory using photographs. UAV flights were carried out in such a way that the photographs were obtained with minimal longitudinal and transverse overlap. The scanned information was sent to an onboard processing single-board computer (in our example, NVIDIA Jeston AGX Xavier), where the images were processed for human presence.

At the same time, a radio stream of data transmission from a computer and sound from a highly sensitive microphone formed a data stream, including audio and digital. Further, using F type antennas, an audio signal was transmitted to a ground control station, listened from the surface of the earth during the flight, and a digital data stream was transmitted in the form of photographs with their coordinates, and with the proposed object for more accurate study of the frame on the ground.

The coordinates attached to the photograph were determined by the GPS / Glonass antenna connected to the flight controller (in our example, Pixhawk 2.1). On the ground, the obtained photographs were processed in more detail using an ultra-precise neural network and an expert opinion was made.

After a more accurate expert opinion of a person and a neural network, a UAV is sent to the site of the selected object in order to establish contact with the help of loudspeakers connected to the audio signal amplifier and pre-recorded voice commands. Feedback was carried out using a highly sensitive microphone, with the help of which an audio signal was transmitted to the ground (if possible, the rescued should issue and receive commands). Even if no contact was established, surveillance of the person being rescued continued.

Also, the coordinates were transmitted to the rescue team, which had the opportunity to advance to a given place. In parallel, communication was being conducted with the rescued by means of loudspeakers.

After the flight, a parachute landing system was thrown out through the parachute hatch, with the help of which the unmanned aerial vehicle was landing.

Thus, the claimed design of an unmanned aerial vehicle of the aircraft type for the detection of a missing person provides the possibility of operational reconnaissance by an unmanned aerial vehicle to determine the coordinates of a missing person.

Claims (1)

An aircraft-type unmanned aerial vehicle for detecting a missing person contains an on-board on-board computer system, a spatial coordinate determination module, a communication module, an audio recorder, while the unmanned aerial vehicle body is capable of simultaneously fixing and connecting a surveillance camera to the on-board computer system, characterized in that it additionally contains two loudspeakers, an audio signal amplifier, two F type antennas, a radio module for transmitting data from a computer and an audio signal from an audio recorder, a power interface, while the on-board computer system is represented by a processing single-board computer with a highly accurate neural network to which an air-cooled radiator is connected, and which located in a monolithic body of an unmanned aerial vehicle, while the processing single-board computer is connected via a power interface to the junction box, it has the ability to connect to the camera vision in the form of a mirrorless camera and a radio module for transmitting data from a computer and sound from an audio recorder in the form of a highly sensitive microphone rigidly mounted on one wing, the edge of which is made with a vibration-damping and noise-insulating coating and has the ability to connect to a radio module for transmitting data from a computer and sound, two loudspeakers coaxially rigidly fixed in the lower part of the body of an unmanned aerial vehicle, each is located in a plastic case with a degree of protection IP55 and has a connection to an audio signal amplifier that is connected to a junction box, a parachute hatch with a parachute landing system is placed between the speakers, the module for determining spatial coordinates is made with GPS / Glonass receiver antenna and has the ability to connect to the flight controller, the communication module is made in the form of a telemetry and unmanned aerial vehicle radio module, mounted on a 3D printed surface located in the interior of the hull the third platform is made of ABS plastic and has a connection to the flight controller, antennas are made of copper F type, operating at a frequency of 860-980 MHz, one of which has a connection to the telemetry and control module of an unmanned aerial vehicle, the other has a connection to a radio data transmission module from a computer and an audio signal from the microphone, each mounted on a removable textolite pad, an onboard processing single-board computer and a mirrorless camera mounted on a removable carbon pad that is mounted in the center of the outer casing of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the wiring box is made of ABS plastic, in which the field-effect transistor is installed, a mirrorless camera connected by a junction box to the flight controller.

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