RU2720246C1 - Gorchakova method of making hoof-like grate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal processing by deformation and can be used in production of decorative hoof-like grate, which is an Old Russian product out of rods, pattern area of which is close to vertical rhombus with rounded lateral angles and keel-like corners at the top and bottom. Proposed method comprises preparation of deformation process, shaping of part fragment by punching, turning of billet by 180° and forming next part of cell fragment, repeating of fragments required number of times, assembly of article by rigid connection in rounded side elements. First, dimensions and proportions of each element of cell fragment containing decorative stepped transitions between keel-like and rounded side elements are determined. Each decorative step transition consists of two sections, one of which is a support one, and steps, the height and width of the cell are set, then the rounding radius of the side element and other geometrical parameters of the cells are determined by the given formulas, and cell fragments are formed.EFFECT: possibility of stamping cell fragments with complex geometry.1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metal processing by deformation, and in particular to a method for manufacturing a decorative hoofed lattice, which is an old Russian bar product, the report (cell) of which is close to a vertical rhombus, but with rounded lateral corners and keeled peaks at the top and bottom (https: // temple_architecture.academic.ru/l 88 / hoofed_grid).

There is a known manual method of manufacturing a hoofed lattice consisting of cells formed by two symmetrical fragments, in which each element of the cell fragment is formed with a special tool (Otto Schmirler. Werk und Werkzeug des Kunstschmieds. Wien: Verlag Ernastwasmuth Tubingen. 1981, p. 42).

The disadvantage of the described method is the high complexity of manufacturing, a high probability of skewing the cells of the product during assembly, due to the receipt of asymmetric fragments of the cells (Fig. 1).

The closest in technical essence of the claimed method is a method of manufacturing a hoofed grate

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9WpMMhnUJoY&app=desktop#menu, accessed 06/22/2019), consisting of cells with rounded side and keeled elements at the top and bottom, including preparation for the deformation process, forming by stamping part cell fragment, billet rotation by 180 ° and the formation of the next part of the cell fragment, repeating the fragments as many times as necessary, assembling the product by rigid connection in rounded side elements.

The disadvantage of the described method is the impossibility of manufacturing a hoof lattice with additional decorative elements in the form of step transitions between the rounded side and keeled elements at the top and bottom due to the mismatch of the axis of symmetry of the cell fragment with its supporting sections, which significantly impairs the decorative properties and aesthetic perception of the product as a whole.

The technical result to which the invention is directed is to increase the decorative properties and aesthetic perception of the resulting product due to the possibility of stamping a fragment of cells of a more complex geometry, due to the presence of a decorative step transition located between the rounded side and glue elements of the cell fragment, with preliminary determination of the sizes and the proportions of each element of the cell fragment.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a method of manufacturing a hoof lattice, consisting of cells with rounded side and keeled elements at the top and bottom, includes preparing for the deformation process, forming a cell fragment by stamping, turning the workpiece 180 ° and forming the next cell fragment, repeating the fragments required amount fold, assembly of the product, by rigid connection in the rounded side elements ..

New in the invention is that preparation for the deformation process is carried out by determining the sizes and proportions of each element of the cell fragment containing decorative step transitions between the keeled and rounded side elements, each decorative step transition consists of two sections, one of which is a reference, and steps, specify the height and width of the cell, then determine the radius of rounding of the side element according to the formula:

R is the radius of the rounding of the side element, mm;

B - cell width, mm,

determine the width of the steps by the formula:

a - step width, mm;

R is the radius of the rounding of the side element, mm;

ϕ is the value of the golden ratio;

determine the height of the quadrangle, limited by decorative step transitions in accordance with the formula:

2R + a≤C≤ϕ × (2R + a), where

C is the height of the quadrangle, mm;

R is the radius of the rounding of the side element, mm;

a - step width, mm;

ϕ is the value of the golden ratio,

determine the width of the quadrangle, limited by decorative step transitions in accordance with the formula:

D = 2R + a, where

D is the width of the quadrangle, mm;

R is the radius of the rounding of the side element, mm;

a - step width, mm,

initially they complete the formation of one decorative step transition, the lateral rounded element and the support portion of another decorative step transition adjacent to the keel-shaped element of the cell fragment, turn the workpiece 180 °, finally form the decorative step transition of the previous part of the cell fragment, the lateral rounded element and the support portion of the next decorative step transition adjacent to the keeled element of the cell fragment, while supporting the plot of each decorative step transition is placed at a distance of half the width of the step, from the axis of symmetry of the cell fragment.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

in FIG. 1 - the appearance of the hoofed lattice with decorative step transitions (KRSP) of the 18th century;

in FIG. 2 - CRSP cell;

in FIG. 3 - part of a fragment of a CRSP cell (before a 180 ° flip);

in FIG. 4 - part of a fragment of a CRSP cell (after a 180 ° flip);

in FIG. 5 - the appearance of the CRSP in assembled form, manufactured by the proposed method.

A device for manufacturing CRSP includes a die (not shown) and a punch (not shown).

The method is as follows.

Prepare for the deformation process.

Separate cell 1 (Fig. 2) into symmetrical fragments 2 (Fig. 2).

The sizes and proportions of the elements of fragments 2 (Fig. 2) of cell 1 (Fig. 2) are determined.

Each fragment 2 (Fig. 2) of cell 1 (Fig. 2) contains decorative step transitions 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) between the keeled 4 (Fig. 2, 4) and the rounded side 5 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) elements. In this case, the decorative step transition 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) consists of a supporting section 6 (Fig. 2, 3, 4), section 7 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) and step 8 (Fig. 2, 3 , 4).

The supporting portion 6 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) is adjacent to the keeled element 4 (Fig. 2, 4) of the cell 1 (Fig. 2), and the portion 7 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) is adjacent to the rounded side element 5 (Fig. 2, 3, 4).

Set the height A (Fig. 2) and the width B (Fig. 2) of the cell 1 (Fig. 2).

Next, calculate the radius R (Fig. 2, 3, 4) of the rounded side element 5 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) according to the formula:

R is the radius of the rounding of the side element, mm;

B - cell width, mm,

Determine the width and steps 8 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) by the formula:

a - step width, mm;

R is the radius of the rounded side element, mm;

ϕ is the value of the golden ratio;

Calculate the height C (Fig. 2) of the quadrangle bounded by stepwise decorative transitions 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) in accordance with the formula:

2R + a≤C≤ϕ × (2R + a),

where C is the height of the quadrangle, mm;

R is the radius of the rounded side element, mm;

a - step width, mm;

ϕ is the value of the golden ratio.

Determine the width D (Fig. 2) of the quadrangle formed by stepwise decorative transitions 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) in accordance with the formula:

D = 2R + a, where

D is the width of the quadrangle, mm;

R is the radius of the rounded side element, mm;

a - step width, mm.

Initially, the formation of a completely one decorative step transition 3 (FIG. 2, 3, 4), a lateral rounded element 5 (FIG. 2, 3, 4), and a support portion 6 (FIG. 2, 3, 4) of another decorative step transition 3 are carried out. (Fig. 2, 3, 4) adjacent to the keeled element 4 (Fig. 2, 4) of the cell 1 (Fig. 2).

Turn the workpiece 180 °.

Finally, a decorative stepped transition 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) of the previous part of the fragment 2 (Fig. 2) of the cell 1 (Fig. 2), a lateral rounded element 5 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) and the supporting section 6 ( Fig. 2, 3, 4) of the next decorative step transition 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) adjacent to the keeled element 4 (Fig. 2, 4) of the cell 1 (Fig. 2).

In this case, the supporting section 6 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) of each decorative step transition 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) is located at a distance of half the width of the step 8 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) from the axis of symmetry of the fragment 2 (FIG. 2) cells 1 (FIG. 2).

Repeat fragments 2 (Fig. 2) of cell 1 (Fig. 2) the required number of times.

Assemble the product (Fig. 5), by rigid connection in the rounded side elements 5 (Fig. 2, 3, 4).

Thus, the proposed manufacturing method allows to increase the decorative properties and aesthetic perception of the resulting product (Fig. 5) due to the proportioning of each element of the CRSP cell fragment and the transition from a manual manufacturing method to stamping.

Claims (21)

A method of manufacturing a hoofed lattice consisting of cells with rounded side and keeled elements at the top and bottom, including preparing for the deformation process, forming a part of the cell fragment by stamping, turning the workpiece 180 ° and forming the next part of the cell fragment, repeating the fragments as many times as necessary, assembling the product by rigid connection in rounded side elements, characterized in that the preparation for the deformation process is carried out by determining the size and proportions of each element cell fragment containing fine stepped transitions between the keel-shaped and rounded lateral elements, each decorative stepwise transition is made of two portions, one of which is a reference, and the steps, set height and width of the cells is then determined by a radius of curvature of the side member of the formula

where R is the radius of the rounding of the side element, mm; B - cell width, mm, determine the width of the steps by the formula

Where

- step width, mm; R is the radius of the rounding of the side element, mm;

- value of the golden ratio; determine the height of the quadrangle, limited by decorative step transitions, in accordance with the formula

where C is the height of the quadrangle, mm; R is the radius of the rounding of the side element, mm;

- step width, mm;

- value of the golden ratio, determine the width of the quadrangle, limited by decorative step transitions, in accordance with the formula

where D is the width of the quadrangle, mm; R is the radius of the rounding of the side element, mm;

- step width, mm, in this case, the formation of a completely one decorative step transition, a lateral rounded element and a support portion of another decorative step transition adjacent to the keeled element of the cell fragment is initially carried out, the workpiece is turned 180 °, the decorative step transition of the previous part of the cell fragment, the lateral rounded element and the support are finally formed plot of the next decorative step transition adjacent to the keeled element of the cell fragment, while the supporting section of each decorative step transition is located at a distance of half the width of the step from the axis of symmetry of the cell fragment.

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