RU2719763C1 - Method for automatic re-connection of cable-overhead power transmission line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: according to the method, in case of damage to the cable-overhead power transmission line (OHPTL), electromagnetic waves propagating from the damage point to the OHPTL ends are fixed using the OHPTL damage determination units, determining the OHPTL damage on the fixed electromagnetic waves, calculating the distance to the OHPTL damage point, outputting from the information processing unit a signal on the possibility of the cable OHPTL reconnection, as well as information on design distance to point of cable OHPTL damage, performing preliminary simulation of OHPTL and realizing a recognition procedure in an information processing unit, consisting in determining a damaged OHPTL cable or air section, as well as distances to the point of damage, according to the recognition results, a prohibiting signal for re-connection of the cable OHPTL is issued from the information processing unit, if damage occurred at least on one of OHPTL cable sections. At that, amplitudes of the first current and voltage pulses of electromagnetic waves arriving at OHPTL ends are fixed by means of units of wave determination of OHPTL damage, forming the ratio of amplitudes of the first current and voltage pulses of electromagnetic waves arriving at OHPTL ends, performing the procedure for recognition of the damaged section and determining the point of damage of the cable OHPTL in relation to the amplitude of the first current and voltage pulses of the electromagnetic waves arriving at OHPTL ends, recognition of the damaged portion and determination of the point of damage of the cable OHPTL is realized using simulation results which are generated in the form of a relationship between the ratios of the amplitudes of the first current pulses and the voltage of electromagnetic waves arriving at OHPTL ends from OHPTL length, preliminary recording of simulation results into information processing units.

EFFECT: high noise-immunity of the method of automatic reclosure of cable OHPTL and its simplification.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used in the construction of relay protection devices and automation of cable overhead power lines.

According to the Electrical Installation Rules [Electrical Installation Rules (PUE) of the 7th edition (approved by the Order of the Ministry of Energy of 08.07.2002. No. 204] p. 3.3.2. "... Automatic re-activation (AR) of air and mixed (cable- ") air lines of all types of voltages above 1 kV. Refusal to use automatic reclosure must be justified in each individual case."

However, in electrotechnical practice, there are no typical technical solutions that provide ARs for high-voltage cable-overhead power lines (for example, 110 kV and higher).

For effective AR of high-voltage cable-air power transmission lines, it is necessary to determine with high accuracy which of the areas (air or cable) the damage occurred and when repairing the damage in the air section, to realize the AR of power transmission lines.

A well-known technical solution is the method implemented in the automatic reclosure device for cable-overhead power lines developed as a result of R&D in PJSC MOESK [Dogadkin D., Marine R., Shirshova E., Ismukov G., Kulikov A., Lint M., Podshivalin A. Device for automatic re-inclusion of cable-overhead power lines of megacities // Electricity. Transmission and distribution. No. 5 (38). 2016 p. 114-119.]. The basis of this technical solution is a patent for a utility model [Patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation No. 1655635 Device for automatically re-activating a cable-overhead power line H02H03 / 06, G01R01 / 00, publ. 10/27/2016, B.I. No. 30].

A device for automatically reconnecting cable-overhead power lines contains a probe pulse generator, a probe pulse receiver, an information processing unit, the output of the probe pulse receiver being connected to the first input of the information processing unit. According to the proposal, a commutator, a high-frequency connection and a wave damage detection unit for power transmission lines were introduced, and a high-frequency connection is designed to connect to the end of the air section of the power transmission line, the switch input-output is connected to the high-frequency connection, the first and second outputs of the switch are connected respectively to the inputs of the wave transmission damage detection unit and the first input of the probe sounding pulse receiver, the first output of the wave damage detection unit of the power transmission line is connected to the second input of the bl information processing window, the second output of the wave damage detection unit of the power transmission line is connected to the input of the probe pulse generator and the first input of the switch, the first and second outputs of the probe pulse generator are connected respectively to the second input of the switch and the second input of the probe pulse receiver, the first output of the information processing block is the signal output repeated inclusion, and its second output is the output of information about the place of damage.

However, a prototype of such a reclosure device is quite difficult to implement, as it includes active sensing devices using complex modulated high-frequency signals.

A known system for blocking the automatic re-inclusion of cable-overhead power lines [RF Patent No. 2669542, IPC G01R 15/24, H02H 03/06, publ. 10/10/2018 Bull. No. 29], comprising a device for prohibiting automatic restart, located on a substation, a sensor for the total grounding current of the screens of the cable section, an optical signal manipulator connected to the control input to the output of the specified sensor, and a fiber-optic line connecting the specified manipulator and placed on one side of the cable section of the power line the prohibition device, while the prohibition device is equipped with a source and a receiver of optical radiation, the optical fiber line is made in the form of a loop, connecting the specified source and receiver, the specified manipulator is capable of interrupting optical radiation in the fiber optic line when the unipolar threshold is exceeded by the instantaneous value of the total grounding current of the cable section screens, and the said prohibition device is able to compare the duration of each pause in the received pulsed optical radiation with a specified minimum duration pause and generate a signal prohibiting automatic re-inclusion with a positive result comp Eden.

However, such a system for blocking the automatic re-inclusion of a cable-overhead power line is difficult in technical implementation. It involves placing on the cable section of the cable a total grounding current sensor of the cable section screens, an optical signal manipulator connected by an input to the output of the specified sensor and a fiber optic communication line for each of the cable section transitions into air or cable into the cable. Additionally, for the functioning of the blocking system, it is necessary to provide power supply, climatic conditions and protection from precipitation, etc., at the indicated crossing points, for the equipment being placed, which involves the construction of buildings or structures.

The closest technical solution to the alleged invention is a method for automatically reconnecting a cable-overhead power line (power transmission line) [RF Patent No. 2658673, IPC H02H 03/06, publ. 06/22/2018, Bull. No. 18], according to which, when a cable-air power line is damaged, electromagnetic waves propagating from the place of damage to the ends of the power lines are used using the wave damage detection unit for the power lines, the fact of damage to the power lines is determined by the recorded electromagnetic waves, the distance to the place of damage to the power lines is calculated, the information processing unit, a signal indicating the possibility of reconnecting the cable-air power line, as well as information about the estimated distance to the place of damage to the cable-air power line. According to the proposal, preliminary simulation of the power transmission line is carried out and a database of wave portraits typical for each of the damage sites and divided into cable and air sections is formed on its basis, the database of wave portraits is pre-recorded in the information processing unit, and under the wave portrait is understood the time diagram of the results re-reflections of waves that occur at the site of damage from power line inhomogeneities and are fixed at one end of the power line, form a wave portrait x electromagnetic waves when the power line is damaged in the wave line unit for determining damage to the power line, the generated wave portrait of the power line is recognized in the information processing unit, which consists in determining the damaged cable or air section of the power line, as well as the distance to the damage site, when realizing the recognition, use the database of wave portraits and calculations of the mutual correlation functions of the generated wave portrait and wave portraits from the database, and the results are recognized I is issued with the information processing unit inhibit signal on reclosing of cables and overhead lines, if the fault occurred in at least one of the cable transmission portions.

Despite the one-sided execution, the prototype method involves quite sophisticated algorithms for processing “wave portraits” associated with the implementation of procedures for their recognition and requiring high performance, processing time and cost of computing tools. On the other hand, the prototype method has low noise immunity, since “wave portraits” distorted by noise can lead to recognition errors and, accordingly, to the malfunctioning of the AR device of a cable-air power line.

Consider the process of propagation of wave signals in case of damage to power lines. From the place of damage along the wires of the power lines to its different ends, electromagnetic traveling waves begin to propagate. With single-phase faults, the amplitude of the signal front in the damaged phase mainly depends on the magnitude of the phase voltage (voltage phase) and the transition resistance at the point of damage. In case of two-phase damage, the amplitude of the wavefront depends on the phase of the corresponding line voltage. When waves propagate through power lines for a single-wire line, the voltage value at some point can be described by expression (1), and the current value by expression (2)

; (1)

; (1)

, (2)

, (2)

where f _pad , f _FR - the function of the incident and reflected voltage waves, respectively;

γ is the complex propagation coefficient; Z _in - wave impedance.

When measuring currents and voltages at a substation (PS), we take for the direction of propagation of the incident wave — the direction from the line to the busbars of the substation, and for the positive direction of the current in the line — the direction from the busbars of the substation. Then the expressions for voltage and current at the measurement site can be written in a simplified form:

; (3)

; (3)

. (4)

. (4)

Often neglect the relatively small imaginary component of the complex value of the wave resistance and represent it as a purely active resistance.

When the wave reaches the heterogeneity of the power transmission line (the junction of two sections with different wave impedances), for example, the place of the cable-air transition, part of the wave energy is reflected and begins to propagate in the opposite direction (a reflected wave is formed), and the other part passes beyond the place of heterogeneity (past wave) (Fig. 1). The part of the energy that is dissipated at the junction of two dissimilar sites is usually neglected.

The voltage and current at the boundary of the heterogeneity (Fig. 1), thus, are characterized by the following expressions:

; (5)

; (5)

; (6)

; (6)

;

, (7)

;

, (7)

where k _OTR , k _CR - reflection coefficient and transmission (refraction) of the voltage wave.

In the case of overhead cable lines _B1 transition Z = Z _v.KL, Z = Z _{e2 v.VL,} and for CR-VL transition Z _c1 = Z _v.VL, Z = Z _{e2 v.KL.} (VL - overhead line, KL - cable line). The same relations are also valid for the place of connection of power lines to substations. In this case, Z _b1 = Z _{c. Power transmission line} , and Z _b2 = Z _{equiv. PS} , where Z _equiv . PS - the equivalent resistance of the PS. If we neglect the capacities of the primary equipment of the substation, as well as the RF connections, then Z _{equivalent to the substation} is defined as a parallel connection of the wave impedances of the substations of the substation.

It is worth noting that the above relations are valid for a single-wire line, while for multi-wire lines it is necessary to go over to telegraph equations. However, when analyzing electromagnetic waves in the first interphase wave channel, the validity of the previously obtained expressions and conclusions remains valid.

Thus, an electromagnetic wave propagating along power lines with inhomogeneous sections, such as a short-wavelength wave, undergoes additional attenuation due to the mismatch of the wave resistances of different sections. Depending on the damaged section of the waterline and the location of the damage, the electromagnetic waves undergo various attenuation on the way to the substation and the measurement site. Therefore, by measuring the amplitude of the wavefront, it is possible to indirectly determine the damaged area. However, on the basis of only one-sided measurements, it is difficult to make a conclusion about the damaged area due to the dependence of the front amplitude on the voltage phase at the time of short-circuit and transition resistance. It is advisable to use measurements at the two ends of the power transmission line, and the ratio of the current or voltage signals at the two ends of the HFL allows you to almost selectively determine the damaged area.

Consider FIG. 2, where an overhead line with a cable insert is shown at a distance from both substations A and B (VL-KL-VL configuration). Each section ( m- th section) has its own parameters: wave impedance Z _{c. m} and attenuation. The attenuation can be expressed in terms of the attenuation coefficient of the mth section k _{zat. m} , characterizing the ratio of the amplitude of the incident voltage wave at the end of the m- th section to the signal amplitude at the beginning of the section. Note that the calculation of the coefficient k _{zat. m} can be carried out using the simulation model of the waterline. It is possible to estimate the attenuation coefficient in decibels, taking into account the methods used to calculate the attenuation of the linear path of the power transmission line for high-frequency communication [for example, PJSC ROSSETI STO 56947007-33.060.40.052-2010. Guidelines for the calculation of parameters and the selection of high-frequency path circuits for power lines 35-750 kV AC]. In this case, k _{zat. m is} determined by the expression:

, (8)

, (8)

where α _m is the attenuation coefficient of the corresponding modal component for the m- th section of the waterline, dB / km; L _m - the length of the m- th section of the waterline.

Let us determine the voltage of the incident wave front at the ends of the waterline during damage in various areas (Fig. 2).

For the 1st section of power lines, the relations

; (9)

; (9)

; (10)

; (10)

, (11)

, (eleven)

where k _{ave. m - n} is the heterogeneity transmission coefficient characteristic of the m- th power transmission line section and the n- th power transmission line element and assuming that the voltage waves move from the m- th section; L _{KZ. m} - distance to the place of damage from the beginning of the m- th section of the waterline. As an element of the power transmission line, the place of a short circuit, a PS bus, a section of a power transmission line is taken.

For the 2nd and 3rd sections of power lines, equalities (12) and (13) are valid, respectively:

; (12)

; (12)

. (13)

. (thirteen)

Expressions (11-13) characterize the ratio of voltage signals at the ends of the waterline during damage in various areas. However, in case of damage close to the places of heterogeneity, waves successively reflected from the heterogeneity and from the place of damage reach the measurement point in a very short time after the first wave of damage. Therefore, in such cases, these additional reflected waves will influence the measurements of the amplitude of the voltage front.

Consider the ratio of voltage signals when a power line is damaged in the immediate vicinity of the CVL junction. In this case, we do not take into account the attenuation of waves in the region between the damage point and the CVL transition due to the small distance.

For point 1 '' (Fig. 2) the following expressions are valid

; (14)

; (14)

; (15)

; (fifteen)

(16)

(sixteen)

For point 2 '(Fig. 2), the ratio of the stresses of the incident waves is characterized by the equality

. (17)

. (17)

Taking into account the transformations for points 2 '' and 3 ', we obtain the following expression for the ratio of the stresses of the incident waves

. (18)

. (eighteen)

Based on equalities (8) - (18), we can plot the relationship of the ratio u _pad.A / u _pad.B from the place of damage. In FIG. Figures 3a and 3b show such dependences for 220 kV HVL (VL-KL-VL configurations) for various ratios of the lengths of the sections. Wave propagation parameters for FIG. 3 were selected according to the recommendations of [PJSC ROSSETI STO 56947007-33.060.40.052-2010. Guidelines for the calculation of parameters and the selection of high-frequency path circuits for power lines 35-750 kV AC]. The average values of the parameters in the frequency range 10 - 100 kHz were for the first interphase wave channel: Z _b1 = 370 Ohm, and Z _b2 = 30 Ohm, Z _b3 = 370 Ohm, and α _LT.1 = 0.023 dB / km, α _{LT. 2} = 1.1 dB / km, α _LT.3 = 0.022 dB / km. For convenience, in FIG. _Figure 3 shows the function of the decimal logarithm of the ratio u _pad.A / u _pad.B.

By analyzing FIG. 3.a, b, one can notice that when passing through the junction of the OHL and CL sections, the logarithm of the stress ratio undergoes a jump, which depends on the ratio of the wave propagation parameters over the sections and does not depend on the lengths of these sections. It should be noted that the presence of inhomogeneities in the power transmission line sections (for example, transposition of OHL phases or transposition of CL screens) will distort the dependence of FIG. 3. Therefore, when forming complex dependencies (Fig. 3), taking into account the heterogeneities of power lines, it is advisable to use simulation modeling.

Analysis of expressions (18) and (19), as well as FIG. 3 leads to the conclusion that in the immediate vicinity of the cross-section lines, there is a zone of uncertainty in which the short-circuit on the overhead line and the short-circuit sections practically do not differ without the use of additional recognition methods. Therefore, when choosing the response parameters of the recognition algorithm for the damaged section of the HFL, it is advisable to assign the zone of uncertainty to the cable section to prevent reclosure during damage to and around the cable sleeve. Conducted simulation of the CFL and the corresponding algorithm for recognizing the damaged area showed that the uncertainty zone depends on the methods of digital filtering of wave signals of current and voltage, as well as the transient characteristics of the connection device (measuring transformers).

It is convenient to display the above relations in the two-dimensional region | u _pad.A |, | u _{pad. B} | as shown in FIG. 4. In this case, the region of the first quadrant is divided by rays into zones corresponding to sections of the waterline. The choice of parameters for the procedure for recognizing the damaged area in this case comes down to calculating the tilt angles (θ ₁ and θ ₂ ) of these rays (Fig. 4).

The objective of the invention is to simplify the method of automatically re-enabling the cable-overhead power line, as well as increasing its noise immunity.

The task is achieved by the method of automatically re-activating the cable-overhead power line (power transmission line), according to which, when the cable-air transmission line is damaged, electromagnetic waves propagating from the place of damage to the ends of the power transmission line using wave transmission units for determining damage to the power transmission line are determined, the fact of damage to the power transmission line is determined by the recorded electromagnetic waves, calculate the distance to the place of damage to the power lines, give a signal from the information processing unit about the possibility of repeated a cable-air power line, as well as information about the estimated distance to the place of damage to the cable-air power line, make preliminary simulation of the power line and implement the recognition procedure in the information processing unit, which consists in determining the damaged cable or air section of the power line, as well as the distance to the place of damage , according to the recognition results, a prohibit signal is issued from the information processing unit to re-enable the cable-air power line, if the damage has occurred at least about nom of cable transmission sites. According to the proposal, the amplitudes of the first current pulses and the voltage of electromagnetic waves coming to the ends of the power lines are fixed using the wavelength damage determination blocks for the power lines, the amplitudes of the first current pulses and the voltage of the electromagnetic waves coming to the ends of the power lines are formed, the procedure for recognizing the damaged area is carried out and the place of damage is determined by cable -air transmission line in relation to the amplitude of the first current pulses and the voltage of electromagnetic waves coming to the ends of the transmission line, recognition of damaged plot and determining the location of damage to the cable-air power line is implemented using simulation results, which form the relationship between the amplitudes of the first current pulses and the voltage of electromagnetic waves coming to the ends of the power line, on the length of the power line, preliminarily record the results of simulation in the information processing blocks.

In FIG. 1. presents the ratio of voltages and currents of traveling waves at the boundary of the heterogeneity of power lines.

In FIG. 2. schematically depicts a HFL with the configuration of VL-KL-VL.

FIG. 3. illustrates the dependences of the ratio of the amplitudes of the incident voltage waves at the two ends of the HFL from the place of damage.

FIG. 4. illustrates the principles of selecting the response parameters of automatic reclosure arrester.

In FIG. 5 is a structural diagram that implements the proposed method for automatically reconnecting a cable-overhead power line.

A method for automatically re-enabling a cable-air power line can be implemented by the device shown in FIG. 5.

The device (Fig. 5) contains: connection units 1 'and 1 "; wave blocks for determining damage to power lines 2' and 2"; information processing units 3 'and 3 "; communication channel 4; cable-overhead power line 5.

As a connection unit 1, a current transformer (s) or high-frequency power line connections can be used.

The device operates as follows.

Before implementing the method of automatically re-enabling a cable-air power line, a simulation of all kinds of damage at various distances from the ends of the power line is performed to obtain dependencies similar to FIG. 3, 4. On the basis of the obtained dependencies, the response parameters of the automatic reclosure device are determined, and the dependences (Fig. 3, 4) are individual for each type of device. Based on the relationships shown in FIG. 3, the location of the damage to the waterline is determined, and based on the rays separating the two-dimensional region of FIG. 4, the response parameters of the automatic reclosure device are generated. When assigning damage to power transmission lines to a group of cable sections, a prohibiting signal is issued to the AR of the cable-air power line, otherwise AR is allowed. The digital values characterizing the dependences (Fig. 3, 4) before the implementation of the AR method of the cable-air power line is recorded in the information processing unit 3 at each end of the power line.

If the cable-overhead power line 5 is damaged, electromagnetic waves propagate from the point of damage to the ends of the power line 5. These waves pass the inhomogeneities of the power transmission line 5 and enter the connection units 1 'and 1 "located at the ends of the power transmission line 5. Electromagnetic waves are fixed by the power transmission damage detection units 2' and 2", in which the fact of damage to the cable-air power transmission line 5 is detected, as well as the formation of wave signals of currents and voltages, followed by analog-to-digital conversion and digital signal processing.

First, the modal component of the first interphase wave channel of the power transmission line is selected with the preliminary filtering of the wave signal. The choice of the first interphase modal component is advisable because in the corresponding channel the wave propagation parameters are most stable. Next, high-frequency components are extracted from the modal signal. In this case, digital high-pass filters or band-pass filters can be used. For example, a filtering algorithm can be used with centering the signal sample in a moving data window (removing the DC component), according to the expression

,

, (19)

,

, (nineteen)

where N is the number of samples in the data window (the number of coefficients of the impulse response of the filter).

After filtering, the maximum value (amplitude) of the signal (Δ u _max ), which corresponds to the front of the first voltage wave, is fixed. The values measured and recorded in this way at the ends of the transmission lines (Δ u _{A max} and Δ u _{B max} ) are transmitted through the communication channel between PS A and PS B.

It should be noted that the above expressions for the signal ratios at the ends of power lines (9) - (18) describe the voltage of the incident waves. However, it should be borne in mind that it is not the incident waves that are measured at the substation, but the voltage and current, which are the sum of the incident and reflected waves, according to (3) and (4). Then the ratio of the measured voltages can be expressed as

, (20)

, (twenty)

where k _{pref . u} - reduction coefficient characterizing the quantitative difference between voltages of the incident waves and the measured voltages _(. under these reflection coefficients from tires PS _{anchor u} k is constant). Obtaining coefficients k _{pref . u is} also carried out on the basis of simulation or field experiments.

If currents are measured at the ends of power lines, then an expression for current relations is formed in a similar way

, (21)

, (21)

where k _{pref . i} is the reduction coefficient in current measurements. Obtaining coefficients k _{pref. i is} also carried out on the basis of simulation or field experiments.

In accordance with relations (20) and (21), there is no fundamental difference in the implementation of wave process recognition for a short-wave recirculation arrester, what to measure: current or voltage. At the same time, it is known that the bandwidth of current transformers (CT), as a rule, is wider than the bandwidth of voltage transformers (VT). Therefore, in the practical implementation of the proposed AR reclosure method, it is advisable to use current measurements. However, if RF communication is organized on the power transmission line, it is possible to measure the voltage wave signals using the connection filters. Also known is a method of extracting incident voltage waves through a combination of current and voltage signals, for example, according to the expression

, (22)

, (22)

where u _pad.A ( n ) is the sample value of the calculated voltage signal of the incident wave at the current sample n , when measured at PS A; u _А ( n ), i _А ( n ) - corresponding sample values of voltage and current signals measured at PS A.

Moreover, in order to reduce the level of interference, it is advisable to separately process the current and voltage signals, and determine the magnitude of the incident wave voltage front by the expression

, (23)

, (23)

where Δ u _{pad. And max} is the calculated amplitude of the voltage of the incident wave at PS A; Δ u _{A max} , Δ i _{A max} - the amplitudes of the measured wave signals of voltage and current at PS A.

Such processing allows not to take into account Z _{equiv. PS} (expressions (5) - (7)), however, it leads to some complication of the automatic reclosure device.

Once again, we note that after the implementation of digital signal processing operations, the maximum values (amplitudes) of the signals (Δ u _max ) are recorded at the ends of the power lines, which correspond to the fronts of the first waves, for example, voltage. The values measured and recorded in this way at the ends of the transmission lines (Δ u _{A max} and Δ u _{B max} ) are transmitted through the communication channel between PS A and PS B.

Then there is an indirect assessment of the distance to the damage in relation to the amplitudes of the voltages (Δ u _{A max} and Δ u _{B max} ) and verification of the location of the damage in the AR blocking zone (Fig. 4). Depending on the result, a prohibiting signal is issued from the output of the information processing unit 3 to re-enable the cable-air power line if damage has occurred in at least one of the cable sections. Additionally, information about the estimated distance to the place of damage, determined on the basis of the dependence (Fig. 4), is provided from another output of the information processing unit 3.

It is important to note that the signal permitting the AR of the HFL and information about the location of the damage is generated at both ends of the power lines by the information processing units 3 'and 3 ", therefore, taking into account the communication channel, they can be used to reserve and increase the reliability of the HF of the HFL, including in conditions exposure to interference.

Since the proposed AR reclosure method does not have complex digital signal processing operations as compared to the prototype method (multiple implementation of the recognition procedure for wave portraits of power lines), the object of the invention is achieved - a simplification of the method for automatically re-enabling a cable-overhead power line. The additional use of filtering currents and voltages in the wave blocks for determining damage to power lines 2 'and 2 ", as well as the introduction of redundancy during the exchange of information from different sides of power lines, increases the noise immunity of automatic overhead lines.

Claims (1)

A method for automatically reconnecting a cable-overhead power line (PTL), according to which, when a cable-overhead power line is damaged, electromagnetic waves propagating from the place of damage to the ends of the power transmission line are detected using wave transmission units for determining damage to the power transmission line, the fact of damage to the power transmission line is determined by the recorded electromagnetic waves, calculate the distance to the place of damage to the power lines, issue a signal from the information processing unit about the possibility of re-enabling the cable-air power lines, and Also, information about the estimated distance to the place of damage to the cable-overhead power line, preliminary simulation of the power line is carried out and the recognition procedure is implemented in the information processing unit, which consists in determining the damaged cable or air section of the power line, as well as the distance to the place of damage, from the recognition results information processing prohibiting signal to re-enable the cable-air power lines, if damage has occurred at least on one of the cable sections of power lines, ex characterized in that the amplitudes of the first current pulses and the voltage of the electromagnetic waves arriving at the ends of the power lines are recorded using the wavelength damage determination blocks for the power lines, the amplitudes of the first current pulses and the voltage of the electromagnetic waves arriving at the ends of the power lines are formed, the procedure for recognizing the damaged area is implemented and the place is determined damage to the cable-air power line with respect to the amplitude of the first current pulses and the voltage of electromagnetic waves coming to the ends of the power line, recognition of the damaged TCA and fault location of cables and overhead lines implemented using simulation results that are formed as a function of the amplitude ratio of the first current and voltage pulses of electromagnetic waves coming to the power transmission line ends of transmission line lengths, previously recorded simulation results in the information processing units.

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