RU2719417C1 - Method of trenchless replacement (renovation) of pipeline and device for implementation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: pipelines.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to pipelines of engineering and technical support networks, main oil pipelines, oil product pipelines and gas pipelines. Proposed method comprises preparation of laying of new pipeline in damaged pipeline, expansion of well for its laying, pushing of new pipeline into enlarged sections of well along route of destructed pipeline. Device comprises cutting mechanism with disc knives, head, screw, drive, expansion stops, expansion jaws. One end of the screw is movably connected to the cutting mechanism, and the other end is rigidly fixed in the drive. Drive is rigidly fixed on the end part of the head end opposite to direction of pushing of the new pipeline. Cage is movably installed on the screw. Expansion stops are movably fixed on the cartridge and are connected to expansion jaws which by their other edges are movably connected to the internal end part of the cutting mechanism.EFFECT: invention can be used at replacement or restoration of pipelines without opening of soil.2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of pipelines of engineering networks, oil pipelines, oil pipelines and gas pipelines and can be used when replacing or restoring pipelines without opening the ground.

Due to the constantly growing saturation of territories with various capital construction projects, in most cases, replacing (renovating) worn-out underground pipelines under tight construction conditions is becoming an increasingly difficult task that does not allow it to be solved by traditional methods, which include opening trenches with replaceable pipelines and dismantling them, preparing trenches, laying new pipelines in them and backfilling the soil. In such cases, the most acceptable option is trenchless (without opening the ground) laying of pipelines along the route of existing pipelines.

Considering that according to the standardization document SP 249.1325800.2016 “Underground communications. Design and construction in a closed way ", the terms" replacement "and" renovation "have the same meaning, for brevity, hereinafter the term" replacement "is used.

When considering the technical literature that is most closely related to this issue, the following series of technical solutions is revealed.

A known method of trenchless replacement of a large diameter pipeline, which consists in removing the old pipeline with the laying of a new pipeline, characterized in that the old pipeline is replaced by sections with periodic dragging to the place of the remote section

a new pipeline, for which the old pipeline is cut with a ring cut from the inside, longitudinal cuts are made on the removed section and dismantled, and to protect the insulation coating of the new pipeline and (or) center it relative to the old pipeline, a crown is mounted on the new pipeline, the teeth of which are larger than the diameter of the replaced pipeline (patent for invention RU 2270952, class F16L 1/028, published on February 27, 2006, bull. No. 6).

The disadvantages of this method are:

lack of technology for making circular and longitudinal cuts of a replaced pipe that does not require manual cutting inside the pipe;

lack of technology for dismantling the removed sections of the replaced pipe that does not require manual execution;

high probable collapse of the soil after performing circular and longitudinal cuts of the replaced pipe and dismantling of its sections before pushing into the vacant sections of the well of the new pipe.

A known method of trenchless replacement of an underground pipeline, including pulling through the old pipe by means of a pulling cable a tip consisting of a conical tip and a cylindrical body, attaching a replacement pipe to the rear of the cylindrical body of the tip, with rollers on the conical tip of the tip, the axis of rotation of which are perpendicular to the axis of the old pipe (patent for invention RU 2504708, class F16L 1/028, published on January 20, 2014, bull. No. 2).

The disadvantages of this method are:

lack of opportunities for placement in the old pipeline of a replacement pipeline with a diameter equal to the diameter of the old pipeline and exceeding it;

lack of technology for pre-pulling the cable into the old pipeline, with which the head is pulled with the replacement pipe attached to it.

Closest to the claimed invention is a device for trenchless replacement of underground pipelines, comprising a conical pipe-breaking working body with two circular knives and a support roller, an expander for increasing the diameter of the well, consisting of four parts of a truncated cone, in each of which two radial threaded holes are made, located parallel to each other, one of which is through, and the other is not through, and two radial grooves located parallel to each other, a traction element, Bolts, bushings and pins (patent RU 2491466, Cl. F16L 1/028, publ. 27.08.2013, at Bul. №24).

The disadvantages of this device are:

lack of technology for preliminary pulling the cable into the old pipeline, with the help of which the pipe-breaking working body is pulled with the attached expander and a new pipeline;

there is a high likelihood of a device getting stuck in an old pipeline due to the tensile strength of its pipe material when exposed to an expander and pressure exerted by an array of soil on the outer surface of the old pipeline, and the device does not have a radial force mechanism to expand the well.

The problem solved in the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks by applying a method that enables the replacement of underground pipelines by pipelines with diameters equal to the diameters of the destroyed pipelines or a larger diameter without first pulling the pulling cable through the collapsible pipelines, with less traction required for laying new pipelines, and reducing the likelihood of them getting stuck in the internal cavity of destructible pipelines.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of technology trenchless replacement of underground pipelines.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved as a result of the fact that, according to the invention, the method of trenchless pipe replacement is that:

- before starting the laying of a new pipeline, a tip is connected to its end part, which is connected by a screw to the cutting mechanism, and a mechanical device is attached to the back of the new pipeline to push it;

- after placing the cutting mechanism in the inner cavity of the pipe being destroyed, include disk knives installed in the cutting mechanism, perform longitudinal cuts in the pipe being destroyed, while pushing the cutting mechanism until the tip touches the end part of the pipe being destroyed;

- temporarily stop pushing the new pipeline, turn on the drive, rotate the screw, by means of which move the clip with expansion stops towards the head and raise the edges of the expansion lips closest to it, expand the well section for the new pipeline;

- switch the drive to a position in which the screw rotates in the opposite direction, moves the cage with expansion stops towards the cutting mechanism and resume pushing the new pipeline until the tip contacts the edges of the expansion lips closest to the cutting mechanism;

- repeat operations to expand the well for a new pipeline and then push it into the prepared section of the well.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is also achieved as a result of the fact that, according to the invention, the device for trenchless replacement of the pipeline contains a cutting mechanism with four circular knives installed in it at equal distance from each other to perform longitudinal cuts in the pipeline being destroyed, rigidly fixed to the end of the new pipeline is a head, a screw, one end of which is movably connected to the cutting mechanism, and the other end is rigidly fixed in the drive, rigidly fixed to opposite to the direction of pushing of the new pipeline of the end part of the head, a holder movably mounted on the screw, four expansion stops, which are movably fixed with their lower ends at an equal distance from each other on the holder, and with their other ends are movably connected to the edges of the response expansion lips, closest to the head, which with their other edges are movably connected to the inner end part of the cutting mechanism.

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1-4.

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a pipeline replacement in an initial stage (position I).

In FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the replacement of the pipeline in the stage of expansion of the well (position II).

In FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the replacement of a pipeline at the stage of introducing a new pipeline into the extended part of the well (position III).

In FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of expansion stops and jaws, rear view.

In FIG. 1-4 the following notation is used:

1 - cutting mechanism;

2 - a disk knife;

3 - an expansion emphasis;

4 - an expansion sponge;

5 - clip;

6 - screw;

7 - drive;

8 - tip;

9 - destructible pipeline;

10 - a new pipeline.

The method of trenchless replacement of the pipeline and a device for its implementation are implemented as follows.

Mounting of the cutting mechanism 1 is carried out, for which four slots (not shown) are made in its body along its outer circumference at equal distance from each other and disk knives 2 are installed in them, in the middle of the end part of the cutting mechanism 1, opposite to the direction of cutting of the destroyed pipe 9 , fix the end of the screw 6 with ensuring its rotation under the influence of the drive 7.

On the screw 6, a ferrule 5 is installed, on the outer circumference of which the ends of the four expansion stops 3 are movably installed at an equal distance from each other. The front ends of the four expansion lips 4 are movably fixed at the level of the edge of the end part of the cutting mechanism 1, opposite to the cutting direction of the destructible pipe 9, and the opposite ends of the respective expansion stops 3 are movably connected to their opposite edges. The opposite end of the screw 7 is rigidly passed through previously made in Centralized tip hole 8 and fixedly mounted in the actuator 7 fixedly secured to the opposite direction of pushing the new pipe 10, tip end portion 8. The head part 8 is rigidly attached to the end portion 10 of the new pipeline.

A mechanical device for pushing it (not shown) is attached to the opposite end of the new pipeline 10, a cutting mechanism 1 is placed in the internal cavity of the pipeline being destroyed 9 and include knife blades 2 and a device for pushing it (not shown), longitudinal sections are made in the pipeline being destroyed 9 s by simultaneously pushing the cutting mechanism 1 until the tip 8 comes into contact with the end part of the destructible pipeline 9, after which the pushing of the new pipeline 10 is stopped. The drive is turned on 7, which, rotating the screw 6, moves the holder 5 towards the head 8. The expansion stops 3 raise the edges of the expansion lips 4 closest to the head 8, under the influence of which the extension of the well section for the new pipeline 10 is performed.

The drive 7 is switched to a position in which the rotation of the screw 6 is reversed, under the influence of which the clip 5 is moved towards the cutting mechanism 1 and through the expansion stops 3 lower the edges of the expansion lips 4 closest to the head 8. Re-engage the mechanical device for pushing ( not shown) and push the new pipeline 10 into the expanded section of the destructible pipeline 9.

Subsequently, these operations are repeated until the front end of the new pipeline 10 is withdrawn from the expanded well of the pipeline 9 being destroyed. If a situation arises that does not allow further laying of the new pipeline 10, for example, due to failure of the cutting mechanism 1, the mechanical pushing device is switched (not shown ) and pull the new pipeline 10 in the opposite direction to repair or replace the cutting mechanism 1.

Thus, as a result of the implementation of the proposed technical solution, the technology of trenchless replacement of underground pipelines with pipelines with diameters equal to the diameters of the collapsible pipelines or larger diameters is improved by laying new pipelines without first pulling the pulling cable through the collapsible pipelines, applying less traction forces and reducing the likelihood of jamming new pipelines in the internal cavity of destructible pipelines.

Claims (7)

1. The method of trenchless replacement of the pipeline, which consists in the fact that: before starting the laying of a new pipeline, a head is connected to its end part, which is connected by a screw to the cutting mechanism, and a mechanical device is attached to the back of the new pipeline to push it; after placing the cutting mechanism in the inner cavity of the pipe to be destroyed, include circular knives installed in the cutting mechanism, perform longitudinal cuts in the pipe to be destroyed, while pushing the cutting mechanism until the tip contacts the end part of the pipe to be destroyed; temporarily stop pushing the new pipeline, turn on the drive, rotate the screw, by means of which move the clip with expansion stops towards the head and raise the edges of the expansion lips closest to it, expand the well section for the new pipeline; switch the drive to a position in which the screw rotates in the opposite direction, moves the cage with expansion stops towards the cutting mechanism and resume pushing the new pipeline until the tip contacts the edges of the expansion lips closest to the cutting mechanism; repeat operations to expand the well for a new pipeline and then push it into the prepared section of the well. 2. A device for trenchless replacement of a pipeline, comprising a cutting mechanism with four circular knives installed in it at equal distance from each other to perform longitudinal cuts in a destructible pipeline, a head rigidly fixed to the end of the new pipeline, a screw, one end of which is movably connected to the cutting mechanism, and the other end is rigidly fixed in the drive, rigidly fixed on the opposite direction of pushing a new pipeline end part of the head, a clip, movably installed mounted on the screw, four expansion stops, which are movably fixed with their lower ends at an equal distance from each other on the cage, and with their other ends are movably connected to the edges of the counter expansion lips closest to the head, which are movably connected with their other edges to the inner end part of the cutting mechanism .

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