RU2719248C1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat exchange equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used to create heat exchangers. Heat exchanger comprising a housing with inlet and outlet branch pipes for inlet and outlet of hot and cold flows, heat exchange elements made in the form of shells, forming annular cavities, is characterized by that end faces of shell rings are installed end-to-end connected to each other and to housing and form in-series arranged end annular cavities, wherein axial size of cavities decreases to inlet part of heat exchange elements, wherein in said bottoms there are insulated channels connecting said end cavities through one to each other, wherein said annular cavities of heat exchange elements are connected to cavities of inlet and outlet branch pipes of cold and hot flows through said end cavities formed by bottoms.

EFFECT: technical result is improvement of technical characteristics and expansion of functional capabilities of heat exchanger.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heat transfer technology and can be used to create heat exchangers.

Known heat exchanger containing a housing consisting of an outer and inner wall mounted coaxially with an annular gap and forming a cavity for the working fluid, inlet and outlet manifolds with nozzles, heat exchange elements made in the form of two-layer cylindrical shells connected to each other and the housing using pylons installed at the ends of the heat-exchange elements, while in the pylons channels are made for the supply and removal of the working fluid (RF patent No. 2569990, Application No.: 2014149786/06 dated 12/09/2014, IPC: F28D 7/10 - prototy P).

The proposed heat exchanger operates as follows. Heat carrier is supplied to the internal cavity of the heat exchanger. The coolant is evenly distributed in the cavity of the heat exchanger and moves in the annular gaps located between the heat exchange elements and the inner wall of the housing. The working fluid through the inlet pipe enters the inlet manifold and then into the annular gap located between the outer wall and the inner wall of the housing. In the annular gap, the working fluid is divided into two streams. The first flow of the working fluid passes in an annular gap between the outer wall and the inner wall of the housing, heats up and is diverted to the outlet manifold. The second flow of the working fluid flows through the pylons into the annular gaps located between the walls of the heat exchange elements. Passing through the annular gaps, the working fluid is heated, after which the flow through the pylons enters the outlet manifold. In the discharge manifold, two flows of the working fluid are mixed together. The working fluid exits the outlet manifold through the outlet pipe.

The main disadvantages are the complexity of the design, significant overall dimensions due to significant structural gaps between the ring heat exchange elements, uneven heating of the shells caused by the sequence of passage of the coolant from the peripheral shell to the central one, which ultimately reduces the efficiency of the heat exchanger.

The objective of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages, improve technical characteristics and expand the functionality of the heat exchanger.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the proposed heat exchanger containing a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles for input and output of hot and cold flows, heat exchange elements made in the form of several coaxially mounted shells located relative to each other with annular gaps forming annular cavities moreover, the annular cavity of hot and cold flows uniformly alternate between themselves, according to the invention, at the ends of the shells are installed end profiled bottoms, fastened interconnected and with the housing, and forming successively located end annular cavities, the axial dimension of the cavities being monotonously decreasing from the inlet pipe to the inlet part of the heat exchange elements, the insulated channels connecting the said end cavities through one to another are made in said bottoms the annular cavities of the heat exchange elements are connected to the cavities of the inlet and outlet nozzles of the cold and hot flows through the said end cavities formed by the profiling GOVERNMENTAL bottoms.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a general view of a heat exchanger, a longitudinal section, in FIG. 2 - enlarged scale inlet of the heat exchanger; FIG. 3 - the output of the heat exchanger on an enlarged scale.

The heat exchanger comprises a housing 1 with input 2,3 and output 4,5 nozzles for input and output of hot and cold flows, respectively. The heat exchange elements 6 are made in the form of several coaxially mounted shells 7 located relative to each other with annular gaps 8 forming annular cavities 9 and 10 of hot and cold flows, respectively. The annular cavity of the hot 9 and cold 10 flows evenly alternate with each other. At the ends of the shells 7 installed end profiled bottoms 11, fastened together and with the housing 1, and forming successively arranged end annular cavities 12 and 13, and the axial size of the cavities monotonously decreases from the inlet to the inlet of the heat exchange elements. In said bottoms 11, isolated channels 14 and 15 are made, connecting the said end cavities through one to another. The annular cavities 9 and 10 of the heat-exchange elements are connected to the cavities of the inlet 1.3 and outlet 4.5 nozzles of the hot and cold flows, respectively, through the said end cavities 12 and 13 formed by profiled bottoms 11.

The proposed heat exchanger operates as follows.

The hot stream is fed into the housing 1 of the heat exchanger through the inlet 2 of the hot stream and through the end cavities 12 and channels 14 enters the annular cavity 9 of the hot component. The hot stream passes through the annular cavity 9 and gives off heat to the walls of the heat exchanger elements 6, made in the form of several coaxially mounted shells 7. At the outlet of the heat exchanger, the hot stream is collected in similar end cavities 12 and through the similar channels 14 enters the outlet pipe 4 of the output of the hot stream .

The cold stream is fed into the housing 1 of the heat exchanger through the inlet pipe 3 of the cold stream and through the end cavities 13 and channels 15 enters the annular cavity 10 of the cold component. The cold stream passes through the annular cavities 10 and, due to heat transfer, removes heat from the walls of the heat exchanger elements 6, made in the form of several coaxially mounted shells 7. At the outlet of the heat exchanger, the hot stream is collected in similar end cavities 13 and through similar channels 15 enters output pipe 5 output hot flow.

The execution of cavities with a monotonously decreasing axial size from the inlet to the inlet of the heat exchange elements while reducing the flow rate, allows you to save the flow velocity and optimize the mass-dimensional characteristics of the heat exchanger.

Using the proposed technical solution will improve the technical characteristics and expand the functionality of the heat exchanger.

Claims (1)

A heat exchanger comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles for inputting and outputting hot and cold flows, heat exchange elements made in the form of shells forming annular cavities, characterized in that end faces are installed at the ends of the shells, fastened to each other and to the body and forming successively arranged end annular cavities, moreover, the axial dimension of the cavities decreases to the input part of the heat exchange elements, while in said bottoms insulated channels are made connecting these the end cavities through one between each other, wherein said annular cavities of the heat exchange elements are connected to the cavities of the inlet and outlet nozzles of cold and hot flows through the said end cavities formed by the bottoms.

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