RU2718637C1 - Biodegradable cleaning paste - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to household chemistry and can be used as a universal agent for soft cleaning of hands from strong contaminants, for washing utensils and kitchen utensils from food residues, for cleaning articles from plastic, glass, metal from household contamination, for hygienic treatment of floors, walls, doors, windows, furniture, wood products, glass, ceramics, decorative structural materials, linoleum. Described biodegradable cleaning paste is based on potassium salts of fatty carboxylic acids contained in vegetable oils, with the addition of cocamidopropylbetoin, colloidal silicon dioxide, hydrochloride polyhexamethyleneguanidine, a food preserving agent (sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate) and water.

EFFECT: compared with used cleaning pastes made from a combination of synthetic surfactants, the developed product does not contain aggressive detergent components, phosphates, sulphates, has high biodegradability, has no negative effect on hand skin, does not cause allergic reactions, contains soft abrasive additives, safe for environment and human; improved detergent power.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of household chemicals (GOST 32478-2013) [1] and can be used as a universal tool for gentle cleaning of hands from strong contaminants, for washing dishes and kitchen utensils from food debris, for cleaning plastic, glass, and metal products from household pollution, for the hygienic treatment of floors, walls, doors, windows, furniture, wood products, glass, ceramics, decorative structural materials, linoleum, etc.

At the moment, a wide range of cleaning and detergents is being sold in the Russian Federation [2]. The vast majority of them are quite effective in domestic use and comply with GOST 32478-2013 [1]. However, almost all products contain high concentrations of aggressive synthetic surfactants (in particular anionic ones), phosphates, sulfates, parabens and other chemical additives that adversely affect the environment and human health, while being banned for use in household chemicals in many European countries.

For example, in patent RU 2601305 C1 [3] a cleaning paste is described containing sulfanol, soda ash, soda water, water and an abrasive. The authors note the high effectiveness of this paste, reduced potential allergic risk and increased environmental friendliness. Sulfanol is an anionic sulfate surfactant, belongs to hazard class 3, can cause allergic reactions. The pH value of this paste is probably more than 10, due to the high concentration of soda ash and water glass, which formally corresponds to GOST 32478-2013 (pH not more than 11.5, for products in contact with the skin) [1], but it is recommended to use it the use of protective gloves, as the product dries the skin greatly.

The closest in composition to the present invention is the paste described in patent RU 2172770 C2, 2001 [4]. It refers to pasty means for washing tableware - metal, glass, porcelain, crystal and at the same time cleaning tiles and sanitary products. The paste contains, wt.%: Natural aluminosilicate material 20-30; sodium polyphosphate 3-10; nonionic or a mixture of nonionic and anionic surfactants 8-12; phosphorus-containing complexone 0.2-1.0 and water. In the second embodiment, the paste contains, wt.%: Natural aluminosilicate material 20-30; sodium polyphosphate 3-10; liquid soap obtained by saponification of soap stocks of vegetable oils with sodium hydroxide to a fatty acid content of at least 40% 8-12; anionic surfactant 1-3; phosphorus-containing complexone 0.2-1.0 and water. The authors described a significant technical result - high cleaning, washing and thixotropic properties of the paste, its versatility when used for cleaning surfaces from various materials.

Signs of the prototype, coinciding with the features of the claimed invention, liquid soap, surfactant, water and abrasive.

The paste described in the prototype has significant drawbacks, in particular, it is not environmentally friendly, as it contains sodium polyphosphate and anionic sulfate surfactants in fairly high concentrations. Thus, the known composition contains components that can cause allergic reactions in contact with skin. The second version of the paste of the prototype contains liquid soap obtained by saponification of soap stocks of vegetable oils with caustic soda. Soap stocks of vegetable oils belong to the category of returnable waste and have a complex variable composition, depending both on the nature of the oil and on the characteristics of the technology of its processing, and also contain various non-greasy components as impurities. The use of saponified soap stocks as the main surfactant in the product will lead to instability of the washing ability of the cleaning paste. In addition, the applicants did not indicate the estimated shelf life of the developed product, which, due to the lack of preservatives, would be small.

The problem of the present invention is to develop an environmentally safe, effective, universal cleaning agent with antibacterial properties in paste form, designed to remove various household contaminants from the surfaces of plastic, glass, metal, ceramics, linoleum, wood, as well as gently clean hands from strong pollution.

This problem is solved by creating a cleaning paste containing in its composition a basic soap composition based on potassium soap, amphoteric surfactant, abrasive agent, biodegradable polymer antibacterial additive, food preservative and water, in the following ratio, wt.%:

Component Content, wt.% Base soap composition 50-60 Cocamidopropyl Betaine 5-12 Silica 19-20 Sodium benzoate 6.2-8.2 Potassium sorbate 0.9-1.2 Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG-GC) 0.7-1.1 Water rest

Additional introduction of dyes into the cleaning composition is not required, since the composition has a pleasant cream color. The cleaning paste may further comprise food flavoring agents to give a pleasant aroma.

The basic soap composition is a saponification product of a mixture of natural oils (coconut, palm) and oleic acid with an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, with the addition of citric acid as a medium acidity regulator, in the following ratio of components:

Component Content, wt.% Oleic acid 20-30 Coconut oil 10-25 Palm oil 10-25 Potassium hydroxide 10-15 Citric Acid 2-4 Water rest

Distinctive features of the claimed composition of the biodegradable cleaning paste from the composition according to the prototype: potassium liquid soap is used instead of sodium, a mixture of high-quality vegetable oils is used instead of soap stocks to use liquid soap, amphoteric surfactant is used instead of anionic, colloidal silicon dioxide is used as an abrasive instead of natural aluminosilicate material, in addition preservatives and polymer antibacterial additives are included in the composition.

Example 1  Cleaning paste made in the following ratio of main components:

Component Content, wt.% Base soap composition fifty Cocamidopropyl Betaine 5 Silica twenty Sodium benzoate 6.2 Potassium sorbate 0.9 Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG-GC) 1,1 Water up to 100

To prepare a soap base, a mixture of coconut, palm oils and oleic acid is melted at a temperature of 50-60 ° C until a liquid homogeneous mass is obtained in the following proportions:

Component Content, wt.% Oleic acid 29.1 Coconut oil 19.0 Palm oil 15,2 Potassium hydroxide 12.7 Citric Acid 3.2 Water rest

An aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is prepared separately. The melt of oils is combined with a solution of potassium hydroxide, the resulting mixture is stirred using an overhead stirrer in a water bath at a temperature of 70-80 ° C. At the end of the saponification process (on average after 3 hours), citric acid is added to adjust the pH.

Then, in a reactor equipped with a heating circuit and a mixing device, the calculated amount of soap base and cocamidopropyl betaine are placed. Then, an aqueous solution of preservatives and an antibacterial agent are successively added. The mixture is stirred for 15-20 minutes until smooth at a temperature of 50-60 ° C. At the end of the cooking process with continuous stirring, an abrasive agent is added until a homogeneous mass is obtained.

The cleaning paste obtained in Example 1 is characterized by a pH of ~ 8.5, low foaming and detergency.

Example 2 Cleaning paste made in the following ratio of main components:

Component Content, wt.% Base soap composition fifty Cocamidopropyl Betaine 12 Silica twenty Sodium benzoate 7 Potassium sorbate 1,1 Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG-GC) one Water up to 100

The composition of the soap base is similar to Example 1. The preparation of the soap base and the cleaning paste itself is carried out similarly to Example 1.

The cleaning paste obtained according to Example 2 is characterized by a pH of ~ 8.0, increased foaming and improved washing ability compared to Example 1.

Example 3 Cleaning paste made in the following ratio of main components:

Component Content, wt.% Base soap composition 60 Cocamidopropyl Betaine 5 Silica twenty Sodium benzoate 7.4 Potassium sorbate 1,2 Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG-GC) 0.9 Water up to 100

The composition of the soap base is similar to Example 1. The preparation of the soap base and the cleaning paste itself is carried out similarly to Example 1.

The cleaning paste obtained in Example 3 is characterized by a pH of ~ 9.5, good foaming and improved washing ability compared to Example 1.

Example 4 Cleaning paste made in the following ratio of main components:

Component Content, wt.% Base soap composition 60 Cocamidopropyl Betaine 12 Silica twenty Sodium benzoate 8.2 Potassium sorbate 1,2 Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG-GC) 1,1 Water up to 100

The composition of the soap base is similar to Example 1. The preparation of the soap base and the cleaning paste itself is carried out similarly to Example 1.

The cleaning paste obtained according to Example 4 is characterized by a pH of ~ 9.0, increased foaming and improved washing ability in comparison with Example 1.

Example 5 Cleaning paste made in the following ratio of main components:

Component Content, wt.% Base soap composition 56.8 Cocamidopropyl Betaine 11.7 Silica twenty Sodium benzoate 7.7 Potassium sorbate 1,1 Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG-GC) 0.7 Water up to 100

The composition of the soap base is similar to Example 1. The preparation of the soap base and the cleaning paste itself is carried out similarly to Example 1.

The cleaning paste obtained in Example 5 is characterized by a pH of ~ 8.9, moderate foaming and maximum detergency compared to other examples.

Sources of information

1. GOST 32478-2013 Household chemical goods. General technical requirements. Date of introduction: 01/01/2015.

2. Production of synthetic detergents and household chemical goods: site. - URL: http://chemcomplex.ru/production- synthetic- washing-s/ (date of treatment: 12.12.2019). - Text: electronic.

3. Patent RU No. 2601305 C1. IPC C11D 3/02, 3/14, 3/08, 1/02, publ. 11/10/2016, bull. No. 31.

4. Patent RU No. 2172770 C2. IPC C11D 3/12, 1/72, 1/83, 3/075, 9/04, 9/18, publ. 08/27/2001.

Claims (2)

Cleaning paste containing a basic soap composition, an abrasive agent, an antibacterial additive and a preservative, characterized in that as a result of the use of natural surfactants (saponification products of vegetable oils - coconut and palm, cocamidopropyl betaine), colloidal silicon dioxide, food preservatives (sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate) is completely biodegradable, and due to the inclusion of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride has antibacterial properties, when the following ratio of components, wt.%: base soap composition 50-60 cocamidopropyl betaine  5-12 silica twenty sodium benzoate 6.2-8.2 potassium sorbate 0.9-1.2 polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride 0.7-1.1 water  rest