RU2715130C1 - Sucker-rod pump with possibility of direct flushing (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oil producing industry, in particular, to downhole sucker rod pumps operating both in vertical and directional wells. Pump comprises cylinder, hollow plunger arranged in cylinder cavity, suction and discharge valves installed in cylinder and plunger cavities, respectively, including housing with ball and seat, pusher arranged to raise the ball valve during lowering the plunger below the lower dead point and actuating the suction valve ball movement mechanism. According to the first version, the suction valve body is made with ball guides excluding its lateral movement and windows. Mechanism of the suction valve ball movement is made in the form of a collet, which is put on the suction valve body, with the possibility of limitation of movement downwards. Collet lugs are arranged in the openings and in the lower part are made with external projections and internal ones - in the form of a wedge interacting with the ball between its larger in the plane perpendicular to the valve axis, circle and saddle. On the suction valve body and the collet the rocket is put upside down, the bottom of the shell is rigidly connected to the pusher, the side surface of the shell is made with openings for liquid, and the lower end of the shell walls is made with an internal conical surface interacting with external conical projections of petals of the collet, wherein barrel bottom is spring-loaded upward relative to suction valve body. According to the second version, the suction valve body has guides on the inner surface and a partition wall with holes limiting the ball axial movement. Mechanism of movement of the ball of the suction valve is made in the form of a spring-loaded down grip, the housing of which is rigidly connected to rods made with projections on the lower end, and the grip housing is made with possibility of interaction through the lever and the foot with the pusher with spring-loaded upwards.

EFFECT: simplified design and increased reliability of operation.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil industry, in particular to sucker rod pumps operating in both vertical and directional wells.

A well-known sucker-rod pump with the possibility of direct flushing (AS SU No. 1525319, IPC F04B 47/02, 53/14, publ. 11/30/1989 in bull. No. 44), containing a cylinder placed in the cavity of the cylinder hollow plunger, suction and discharge valves installed respectively in the cavities of the cylinder and plunger, and provided with a seat, a locking element and a hollow cage. The suction valve comprises a spring-loaded pusher with a rod for interacting with the ball of the discharge valve and a protrusion for interacting with the ball of the suction valve. The hollow cage of the suction valve is made coaxially with the stem located on it and is mounted movably in the axial direction and is spring-loaded relative to its seat, and on the side of its lower end is equipped with a protrusion located eccentrically to its axis, the surface of which is made oval to the locking element. The rod and the protrusion of the hollow cage of the suction valve are installed with the possibility of interaction, respectively, with the locking elements of the discharge and suction valves while allowing the rods and the associated hollow plunger down.

The disadvantages are the unreliability of the sucker rod pump with incomplete closing of the valve and the possibility of a complete loss of performance in deviated wells due to the lack of guides for the ball, because To open the pusher, the ball must be able to move sideways.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a suction pump with direct flushing (patent RU No. 2366832, IPC F04B 47/02, 53/14, publ. 10/25/2009 in bull. No. 25), containing a cylinder placed in the cylinder cavity a hollow plunger, suction and discharge valves, respectively installed in the cavities of the cylinder and plunger, including a body with a ball and a seat, a pusher installed with the ability to raise the ball of the discharge valve when lowering the plunger below the bottom dead center and actuating the mechanism remescheniya ball suction valve. The spring-loaded pusher is located laterally in a special channel in the form of a rod with a hinged tip interacting with the conical surface of the housing and the ball of the suction valve.

The disadvantages of the device are the complexity and unreliability of the structure, since due to the lateral special channel the structure becomes asymmetric and difficult to manufacture, valve passage is reduced, and the hinged tip on a thin rod will not withstand the forces required to move the ball under pressure up to 20 MPa. In addition, the lack of guides for the ball reduces the reliability of the sucker rod pump in deviated wells.

The technical problems solved by the proposed sucker rod pump with direct flushing (SHNVPP) are to simplify the design and increase the reliability of its operation.

Technical problems are solved by a direct-flush pump with a cylinder containing a cylinder, a hollow plunger located in the cylinder cavity, suction and discharge valves installed respectively in the cylinder and plunger cavities, including a housing with a ball and seat, a pusher installed with the possibility of lifting the discharge valve ball at lowering the plunger below the bottom dead center and the actuating mechanism for moving the ball of the suction valve.

According to the first option, it is new that the suction valve body is made with guides for the ball, excluding its lateral movement, and windows, and the mechanism for moving the suction valve ball is made in the form of a collet, mounted on the cage body of the suction valve, with the possibility of limited movement downward, the petals collets are placed in the windows and in the lower part are made with external protrusions and internal - in the form of a wedge interacting with the ball between its large circle in the plane of the valve perpendicular to the axis of the valve and the seat, the suction valve and the collet are dressed upside down the cup, the bottom of the cup is rigidly connected to the pusher, the side surface of the cup is made with windows for liquid, and the lower end of the walls of the cup is made with an inner conical surface interacting with the outer protrusions of the petals of the collet, and the bottom of the cup is spring-loaded upward relative to the body suction valve.

According to the second variant, it is new that the suction valve body is made with guides on the inner surface and the partition with holes restricting the axial movement of the ball, and the mechanism for moving the suction valve ball is made in the form of a spring-loaded grip, the body of which is rigidly connected with rods made with protrusions at the lower end, and the capture housing is configured to interact through a lever and a heel with a spring-loaded pusher.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a ShNVPP with a collet mechanism in a working position.

In FIG. 2 shows a cross section AA of the pump.

In FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a ShNVPP with a collet mechanism in the flushing position.

In FIG. 4 shows a diagram of a gearbox with a lever mechanism for moving the ball of the suction valve in the operating position.

In FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a high-speed oil feed in the washing position

According to the first embodiment, the suction pump with direct flushing (Fig. 1-3) contains an extension of cylinder 1, a hollow plunger 2, a suction 3 and a discharge 4 valves, respectively installed in the cavities of the extension of the cylinder 1 and the plunger 2. The suction valve 3 contains a housing 5 s ball 6 and seat 7, the pusher 8, mounted with the possibility of raising the ball 9 of the discharge valve 4 when lowering the plunger 2 below the bottom dead center and actuating the mechanism for moving the ball 6 of the suction valve 3.

The housing 5 of the suction valve is threaded to the extension of the cylinder 1 and is made with four windows 10 into the inner cavity 11, made with an inner diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the ball 6 of the suction valve 3, ensuring its alignment relative to the seat 7 and excluding its lateral movement and, accordingly, performing the role of guides. The mechanism for moving the ball of the suction valve is made in the form of a collet 12, mounted on the housing 5 of the suction valve 3, with the possibility of restricting movement downward by the protrusion 13 of the housing 5, and upward by an annular protrusion 14. Two petals 15 of the collet 12 are placed in two oppositely located windows 10 and the lower part is made with external protrusions 16 and internal - in the form of a wedge 17, interacting with the ball 6 between its large circle in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the valve 3 and the seat 7. On the body 5 and collet 12 the glass 18 is upside down, the bottom of which is made a pusher 8 in the form of a cylindrical protrusion, the side surface of the cup 18 is made with windows 19 for liquid, and the lower end of its walls is made with an inner conical surface 20 that interacts with the outer protrusions 16 of the petals 15 of the collet 12, and the bottom of the cup 18 is spring loaded upward relative to the housing 5 21 and is made with radial grooves 22. The pusher 8 is designed to interact with the ball 9 of the discharge valve 4 of the plunger 2 with the seat 23.

According to the second embodiment, the direct-flow suction pump with a lever movement mechanism (Fig. 4-5) contains a cylinder extension 1, a plunger 2, a suction 3 and a discharge 4 valve, respectively installed in the cavities of the cylinder extension 1 and the plunger 2, and a pusher 8, installed with the possibility of raising the ball 9 of the discharge valve 4 when lowering the plunger 2 below the bottom dead center and actuating the mechanism for moving the ball 6 of the suction valve 3.

The housing 5 of the suction valve 3 with the ball 6 and the seat 7 is threaded to the extension of the cylinder 1. On the inner surface of the cavity 11 of the housing 5 of the suction valve 3 there are guides 24 and a partition 25 restricting the axial movement of the ball 6, with channels 26 through which from the housing 27 traction, which is a mechanism for moving the ball 6 of the suction valve 3, are traction 28 with protrusions in the form of bulges 29 at the lower end. Link 28 also serves as additional guides. The capture housing 27 is spring-loaded downward by a spring 30 and is configured to interact through the lever 31 and the heel 32 with the push rod 8. The support point of the lever is located on the bounding wall 25.

With the other shoulder, the lever 31 interacts with the spring loaded by the same spring 30 through its perforated stop 33 with the pusher 8 and the fifth 32.

Over the emphasis 33, bounded upward by an annular protrusion 34 of the housing 3 of the suction valve, the pusher 8 continues.

According to the first embodiment, SHNVPP works as follows.

In the normal mode of operation of the pump, when the plunger 2 moves up, the suction valve 3 is open by the differential pressure and its ball 6 is in the upper position, and the discharge ball is closed, and its ball 9 is on the seat 23. The opposite is true for the down stroke.

To perform a direct flushing of the pump, the drive (not shown in the figures) is stopped at the bottom dead center and with its help the rod string is lowered below the dead center to the stop.

In this case, the pusher 8 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) enters through the seat 23 into the discharge valve 4 of the plunger 2 and lifts the ball 9 from the seat 23.

Next, the lower end of the discharge valve 4 abuts against the bottom of the glass 18 and moves it down, compressing the spring 21. In this case, the inner conical surface 20 of the lower end of the walls of the glass 18 presses the protrusions 16 at the end of the petals 15 of the collet 12, bends the petals 15 to the contact of the internal wedge protrusions 17 with ball 6 below its large diameter and presses on it. With further downward movement, the wedge protrusions 17, acting from two sides, raise the ball 6 from the seat 7. When the protrusions 16 reach the upper point of the conical surface 20, the bottom of the cup 18 abuts against the upper end of the housing 5. In this position, the balls 6 and 9 of both valves are raised as much as possible and the valves are maximally open for the passage of fluid in any direction.

Next, through the column of elevator pipes (not shown in FIG.), Fluid is injected to flush the valve or reagent is injected to treat the bottom-hole zone of the reservoir.

In this case, the liquid pumped into the pipes passes the plunger 2, then through the gap between the ball 9 and the seat 23 of the discharge valve, then through the gap between the seat 23 and the pusher 8 and the grooves 22 into the cavity of the cylinder extension 1, then through the windows 19 of the glass 18, the windows 10 of the housing 5 of the suction valve and its internal cavity 11, the gap between the ball 6 and the seat 7 into the well cavity, and then is pumped into the formation when processing the bottom-hole zone or through the annulus of the well to the surface during washing. When used in installations with a packer, for example, during simultaneous and separate production, the liquid after the suction valve through the liner enters the sub-packer space and then into the reservoir.

After flushing, the plunger 2 is transferred to the working position. The pusher 8 exits the discharge valve 4, the ball 9 sits on the seat 23, the spring 21 lifts the cup 18, the petals 15 of the collet 12 and its wedge protrusions 17 diverge due to elasticity, releasing the ball 6, which fits into the seat 7 in the housing 5 regardless well inclination.

In the second embodiment, the ShNVPP with lever operates as follows.

In normal operation of the pump, when the plunger 2 (Fig. 4-5) moves down, the ball 9 is raised above the seat 23 and the discharge valve is open, and the ball 6 of the suction valve 3 sits on the seat 7 and the valve is closed, and when moving up, vice versa.

For direct flushing of the pump, the actuator is stopped and the rod string is lowered below the bottom dead center, the plunger 2 is lowered down, the cylindrical pusher 8 enters through the seat 23 into the pressure valve 4 and raises the ball 9 above the seat 23, while the lower end of the valve 4 abuts against the perforated stop 33 of the pusher 8, moving it down and compressing the spring 30, and the heel 32 of the pusher moves down the shoulder of the lever 31, which with the other shoulder moves up the gripper body 27, compressing the same spring 30 and moving the rods 28 attached thereto, the cat With their protrusions 29, they lift the ball 6 from the saddle 7, forming an annular gap.

Next, fluid is injected to flush or treat the bottom-hole zone of the well through the lift pipes, which passes through the plunger 2, the gaps between the ball 9, the seat 23 and the pusher 8, then through the perforated stop 33, the passage of the capture housing 27, the channels 26 of the bounding wall 25, internal the cavity 11 of the housing 5 of the suction valve 3 and, finally, through the annular gap between the seat 7 and the ball 6 into the cavity of the well or liner, and then the under-packer space.

After flushing, the plunger 2 is transferred to the working position. The pusher 8 leaves the discharge valve 4, the ball 9 sits on the seat 23, the spring 30, abutting against the grip housing 27, raises the pusher 8 to the stop of the perforated stop 33 in the annular protrusion 34, while the spring 30 also moves down the grip housing 27 with rods 28 until they stop in the saddle 7, the lever 31 takes its initial position, and the ball 6 along the guides 24 sits in the saddle 7, regardless of the inclination of the well.

After that, returning the plunger to bottom dead center, start the pump drive.

Thus, both proposed design options provide reliable opening of the flushing channel and an unhindered return to normal pump operation.

Traction grips 28 with thickenings 29 at the lever and the protrusions 16 and 17 of the collet mechanism provide the raising of the ball 6 with drops of 20 MPa or more.

The number of rods 28 and petals 15 of the collet 12 may be more than two, if the strength of the two is not enough. The pusher 8 can be made as a continuation of the valve body 5, passing through the hole in the bottom of the glass 18.

Direct-flush sucker-rod pump designs provide high reliability in both vertical and directional wells; they are easy to manufacture.

Claims (2)

1. A direct-flush sucker-rod pump, comprising a cylinder, a hollow plunger located in the cylinder cavity, suction and discharge valves installed respectively in the cylinder and plunger cavities, including a housing with a ball and seat, a pusher mounted to lift the discharge valve ball when lowering the plunger below the bottom dead center and the actuating mechanism for moving the ball of the suction valve, characterized in that the body of the suction valve is made with guides for the ball, excluding sensing its lateral movement, and windows, and the mechanism for moving the ball of the suction valve is made in the form of a collet, dressed on the cage of the suction valve, with the possibility of restricting movement downward, the petals of the collet are placed in the windows and in the lower part are made with external protrusions and internal - in the form a wedge interacting with the ball between its large in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the valve, the circle and the seat, the cup is dressed upside down on the suction valve body and collet, the bottom of the cup is rigidly connected to the pusher, lateral on top awn cup is provided with openings for the liquid, and the lower end of the nozzle wall is formed with an inner conical surface cooperating with the outer collet projections petals, with the bottom of the cup spring loaded upwardly relative to the suction valve body. 2. A direct-flush sucker-rod pump, comprising a cylinder, a hollow plunger located in the cylinder cavity, suction and discharge valves installed respectively in the cylinder and plunger cavities, including a housing with a ball and seat, a pusher mounted to lift the discharge valve ball when lowering the plunger below the bottom dead center and the actuating mechanism for moving the ball of the suction valve, characterized in that the body of the suction valve is made with guides on the inner the surface and the partition with holes restricting the axial movement of the ball, and the mechanism for moving the ball of the suction valve is made in the form of a spring-loaded grip, the body of which is rigidly connected to rods made with protrusions at the lower end, and the grip body is made to interact through the lever and the heel with spring-loaded pusher.

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