RU2714825C1 - Method of counteracting deliberate impact on pilots of airliners by laser radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of aircraft engineering and can be used to counteract the blinding of pilots by laser radiation by individuals when performing reduction and landing of airliners. Method of counteracting deliberate action on pilots by laser radiation provides installation on aircraft of spherical shell, on surface of which there are receiving sensors of laser radiation. Based on the readings of the sensors, the direction of the laser radiation to the source of interference is determined. An on-board laser radiation source is mounted in the gimbal suspension, which emits a laser beam in the direction towards the laser radiation source based on the signal from the computer unit when the pickups are actuated. Power of the on-board laser radiation source is selected from the condition of avoiding the irreversible damage of the vision organs of individuals, which create interference with laser radiation.

EFFECT: provides counteraction to individuals blinding of airliners pilots.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of aviation and space technology and can be used to protect airliners from intentional interference of laser radiation. An example of possible situations of application of the proposed method can be counteraction to blindness of pilots during the reduction and landing of airliners as a result of irresponsible deliberate actions of individuals.

Known invention protected by patent - analogue: application No. 2012104591/11, IPC B64G, 2012 "Method for the exact positioning and monitoring of moving objects" (V. Zarenkov, D. Zarenkov, V. Dikarev, B. Koinash). The method is based on the use of satellite navigation, allows you to determine the mobile coordinates of the object and control the object in flight. The method is implemented using a system of technical equipment, including navigation spacecraft, correction stations, hardware of a television center, hardware for space communications, hardware for a controlled moving object, and a space flight monitoring station. All of these tools operate simultaneously using specially developed algorithms. EFFECT: high reliability and accuracy of discrete signals exchanged between television centers and space objects, which, in turn, provides high accuracy of positioning and monitoring of moving objects. The disadvantages of the method include the high complexity of its implementation.

A technical solution is known analogous to the invention: application No. 2008133984/09, IPC B64G 4/00, 2007 "Device for monitoring the relative position (s) by measuring power for the spacecraft of a group of spacecraft during flight formation", designed to control spacecraft when they move in formation. The device monitors the relative positions of spacecraft in relation to each other and contains: a complex of at least three transceiver antennas mounted on at least three sides of different directions relative to the spacecraft and capable of emitting / receiving radio frequency signals; measuring instruments designed to determine the power of signals received by each of the antennas, and to issue sets of powers, each of which is associated with one of the spacecraft of the group located around the spacecraft; storage means for storing sets of cartographic data, each of which characterizes the normalized power of the signals received by each of the antennas depending on the selected transmission directions; processing means for comparing each set of capacities provided by measuring instruments with the totality of stored cartographic data. As a result of the operation of the device, each of the directions of transmission of signals emitted by other spacecraft of the group is determined with respect to the coordinate system associated with this spacecraft. The technical result of using the method is to ensure the positioning of a group of spacecraft relative to each other with the accuracy necessary for the joint execution of the task.

A patented invention is known - the analogue “Method for determining the direction to an active object deliberately approaching the spacecraft” patent RU No. 2619168, according to which the signals emitted by the approaching active object are received, the amplitude is measured and the received signals are processed. To receive signals, flat-shaped detectors are used. The detectors are placed on the surface of the spherical shell orthogonally to the radius vector from the center of the spherical shell to the point of contact with the detector. Inside the spherical shell material is placed - an absorber of radiation. The direction of the active approaching object is determined by the radius vector directed to the detector with the maximum amplitude of the recorded signal.

Signals from an approaching active object are recorded simultaneously by all detectors, i.e. in accordance with the adopted geometric arrangement of the detectors, the data comes simultaneously from all possible directions of motion of the active object. The signals recorded in the region of the rear hemisphere with respect to the direction of movement of the active object have a lower amplitude than the signals from detectors located in the region of the front hemisphere, which is associated with the absorption of radiation in structural materials inside the spherical shell. With an equal detector area, the signal amplitude is proportional to the cosine of the angle of incidence of the detected radiation. One of the front hemisphere detectors will register a signal with maximum amplitude, which corresponds to the direction of an approaching active object. If necessary, this direction can be determined more accurately by the results of mathematical processing of the readings of detectors located in the vicinity of the detector with maximum amplitude. The speed of the proposed method is determined by the processing time of the electrical signals, therefore, the method provides rapid decision-making in controlled situations. The disadvantage of the prototype method is the lack of a response of the spacecraft when it detects the proximity of an active object, aimed at preventing negative consequences from a collision with this object.

The invention is known as a prototype, patent RU No. 2668378 dated 02/09/2018, IPC B64G 3/00, “A method for preventing a spacecraft from contacting an actively approaching object” (Yakovlev M.V., Sergeev V.E., Arkhipov V.A., Loginov S.S., Usovik I.V.), according to which use is made of receiving sensors for recording external radiation located on a shell made in the form of a body of revolution around a spacecraft, or a part thereof, on the inner side of the shell, in accordance with receiving sensors of external radiation, set solid state laser sources that They emit through the hole in the receiving sensor for detecting external radiation at a command from the control unit, in which they determine the direction of the actively approaching object according to the results of comparative processing of the readings of the receiving sensors for detecting external radiation and set the warning laser mode, as well as give commands to the orientation engines to avoid rendezvous with the active object and the transmitting equipment for a message to the ground control center about the fact of impact on the spacecraft.

The method makes it possible for the spacecraft to perform retaliatory actions after determining the direction to an actively converging object using laser radiation, for example, a lidar locator. They consist of a warning response oncoming radiation of a given intensity and frequency, performing evasive maneuvers by the engines of the spacecraft, reporting to the ground control center about the emerging operational situation and the execution of its commands. According to the method, the radiation of the active object is received by flat detectors (receiving sensors) located on the surface of the spherical shell. The control system for analyzing the reception readings by the sensor calculates the direction to the actively approaching object, determining the radius vector from the center of the spherical shell to the detector with the maximum amplitude of the recorded signal. Receiving sensors are made with a central hole to ensure the emission of a beam of a laser radiation source located below it. The way to prevent the spacecraft from contacting an actively approaching object using receiving sensors for detecting external radiation located on a shell made in the form of a body of revolution around the spacecraft, or part of it, is that on the inner side of the shell, in coordination with the receiving sensors of external radiation, set solid-state laser sources that emit through an opening in a receiving sensor for detecting external radiation on command from a control unit, in which determine the direction of an actively approaching object based on the results of comparative processing of the readings of the reception sensors for detecting external radiation and set the warning laser radiation mode, as well as give commands to orientation engines to avoid approaching the active object and the transmitting equipment to report to the ground control center about the fact of impact on the space apparatus.

The warning oncoming light of an actively approaching object, formed by laser pulses of pulses of pulses of various durations and intensities, serves to achieve the following goals:

информирование активно сближающегося объекта о недопустимости предпринимаемого маневра, для чего разрабатывают и публикуют известный неограниченному кругу лиц код предупреждения;

informing an actively approaching object about the inadmissibility of the undertaken maneuver, for which they develop and publish a warning code known to an unlimited number of people;

противодействие оптическим системам активно сближающего объекта.

opposition to optical systems of an actively converging object.

The spacecraft is equipped with a control program that takes into account various options for changing the situation and the behavior of an actively approaching spacecraft in the absence of its reaction to warning radiation. The program enables the spacecraft to turn on automatic commands for maneuvering to avoid contact with an actively approaching object, transmit information to a ground control station and receive its control commands. As a result of preventive measures on an actively approaching object and / or due to the simultaneous maneuvering of the spacecraft, the spacecraft is prevented from contacting this object. Such actions of the reaction of the spacecraft to the evolving situation, with possible necessary repetition, ensure the prevention of contact of the spacecraft with an actively approaching object. The disadvantage of this method is the need to use a large number of sources of laser radiation, which significantly complicates the technical implementation of the method.

The aim of the alleged invention is to protect airliners from intentional interference with laser radiation.

This goal is achieved in the claimed method of protecting airliners from deliberate interference with laser radiation, according to which a spherical shell is installed on board the airliner, on the surface of which receiving laser radiation sensors are located, according to the readings of the sensors, they determine the direction of the laser radiation interference source. In the gimbal, an on-board laser source is mounted, which emits in the direction to the laser noise source by the signal of the calculator unit when the receiving sensors are triggered. The power of the onboard laser source is selected from the condition of preventing irreversible damage to the organs of vision of individuals that interfere with laser radiation.

The rationale for the feasibility and practical significance of the proposed method is as follows. The action of the laser radiation source from the board of the airliner leads to the dazzling of individuals controlling the source of interference, which complicates the further creation of laser radiation interference. Irresponsible deliberate actions to interfere with pilots are usually carried out by adolescents who are not aware of the full danger of their actions. Therefore, the power of the onboard laser source is selected from the condition of preventing irreversible damage to the organs of vision of individuals that interfere with laser radiation.

The direction of the laser beam from the on-board source indicates the location of the individual, which poses a threat to his detention and prosecution, all the more encourages the cessation of manipulation of the laser source. These circumstances clearly indicate that the actions of individuals to interfere with laser radiation for an airliner when it is reduced and approaches the landing will be terminated.

Thus, the technical feasibility, practical relevance and positive effect of the proposed method of protecting airliners from intentional interference of laser radiation are not in doubt.

Claims (1)

A way to counter the deliberate exposure to pilots of airliners by laser radiation, according to which a spherical shell is mounted on board the airliner, on the surface of which receiving laser radiation sensors are located, according to the readings of the sensors, the direction of the laser radiation interference source is determined, and an on-board laser radiation source that emits in the direction to the source of interference of laser radiation according to the signal of the calculator unit when the receiving sensors are triggered, p Therefore, the power of the onboard laser source is selected from the condition of preventing irreversible damage to the organs of vision of individuals that interfere with laser radiation.