RU2710159C1 - Method for preparing a salt and enriching ingredient composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food industry, in particular to production of salt compositions. Method of producing a composition of salt and enriching ingredient involves mixing for 2–4 minutes of starch-containing raw material in form of native and/or modified starch with culinary salt and/or salt, and/or lake salt, as well as one or more enriching ingredients preliminarily dried up to moisture content of 7–8 % in a drying plant, milled in a grinder to particle size of 0.3–1.9 mm, sieved through a sieve with dimensions of 0.8–2.0 mm. Enriching ingredient is selected from a group comprising tea, ground coffee, Ferula assa-foetida, Illicium verum, Vanilla, cloves, ginger, galangal, cardamom, cinnamon, tumeric, laurel, mace, nutmeg, black pepper, white pepper, cubeb pepper, long pepper, Guinea cubeb, Capsicum annuum, cayenne pepper, bird eye chili, Ethiopian pepper, Jamaica pepper, Chinese-pepper, Aframomum melegueta, rosemary, saffron, bulb onion, tree onion, shallot, kurrat, cibol, chives, aging chive, Allium altaicum, Allium pskemense, garlic, wild garlic, victory onion, Mycetinis scorodonius, Mycetinis virgultorum, parsley, parsnip, celery, fennel, horseradish, ajowan, calamus, anise, basil, black mustard, brown mustard, white mustard, avens, blue fenugreek, origanum, garden angelica, hyssop, costmary, chervil, sweet chervil, cuminum, coluria, coriander, watercress, bittercress, cuckooflower, garden cress, Indian cress, lavender, lovage, marjoram, balm, Moldavian dragonhead, Junipers, pepper mint, Mentha crista, Vietnamese balm, apple mint, common mugwort, Roman wormwood, virgate wormwood, Artemisia balchanorum, white genepi, common rue, thyme, carraway, common dill, fenugreek, savory, winter savory, thymes, black caraway, common sage, estragon, ginseng, green and/or citric orange peel, tangerine and/or grapefruit peel. Obtained mixture is passed through a magnetic column with permanent magnets at layer thickness of 6–8 mm, speed of not more than 0.5 m/s. Then one- or multiple extrusion processing is carried out using single- or double-screw extruder at working temperature of 100–200 °C, working screws rotation frequency 70–95 min, diameter of draw plate used is 1–6 mm, with additional water supply to achieve required moisture content of 20 %, as well as dispenser screw rotation frequency of 90–95 minand cutting machine rotation frequency 80–85 min. Then, metal-magnetic separation is performed. Amount of salt must be not less than 50 % of the total weight.EFFECT: invention is aimed at obtaining a salt composition with possibility of regulating mineral status due to extruded food-and-flavor components of vegetal raw materials and, as a result, obtaining a wide range of salt differing by increased food and biological value.1 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl, 6 ex

Description

The invention relates to the food industry, as well as the pharmaceutical industry, cosmetology, and in particular to the production of biologically active salts.

Known mineral salt with a low sodium content [1], which contains, in addition to sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate and lysine hydrochloride. The use of such a salt with lysine and a low sodium content provides the body with essential substances (L-lysine, sodium, potassium and magnesium) in quantities corresponding to physiological needs.

The disadvantage of this salt is the absence of iodinating additives in the composition, which are extremely necessary for the prevention of endemic goiter and a number of other diseases, as well as the insufficiently diverse organoleptic and biochemical properties of the product and, as a result, a narrow therapeutic and prophylactic orientation.

Salt seasoning is known - the elixir “Okeansky” [2], in which seaweed juice is used as a base, made according to a technology that makes it possible to obtain a less viscous juice that is well separated by extraction. Such juice is introduced into the composition of the seasoning in an amount of from 45-85%, in addition, the seasoning contains a water-alcohol infusion of a mixture of herbs and water.

The disadvantage of this salt seasoning is its complex composition and its use in the form of a water-alcohol solution (contains an alcoholic infusion of herbs), which makes its production more expensive and difficult for the general public to use. Another disadvantage is the inability to use this elixir as a complete salt substitute in the diet, as it contains sodium, magnesium and potassium only in small quantities.

Closest to the technical solution is a method of preparing table salt enriched with bioelements [3] - a prototype that contains 40-85% sodium chloride, 5-45% potassium chloride, 2-10% calcium carbonate, 2-10% magnesium carbonate, up to 0.005% potassium iodide and / or 0.003% sodium selenate, up to 0.5% lyophilized strain of bacteria, up to 0.5% alcohol herb extract of herbs, up to 6% of powdered herbs and vegetables, and other elements.

The disadvantage of this salt substitute is that most of the salts are introduced in inorganic form, which significantly reduces the biological value of this product. Separate complexity is the multi-stage technology for preparing this product, as well as the difficulty of ensuring the stability of its properties during long-term storage. Another disadvantage is that some substances can be toxic in high concentrations, thus provoking allergies.

Thus, the problem to which this invention is directed is to develop a method for producing a biologically active salt enriched with biologically active substances (proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, etc.) with the ability to control the mineral status due to extruded biologically active flavoring components from plant materials and , as a result of this, obtaining a wide range of salt, characterized by high nutritional and biological value.

This is achieved by the fact that a method of obtaining a salt composition and an enriching ingredient, comprising mixing the components, characterized in that the starch-containing raw materials in the form of native and / or modified starch are mixed with table and / or sea and / or lake salt, as well as with one or more enriching ingredients, pre-dried to a moisture content of 7-8% in a dryer, crushed in a grinder to a particle size of 0.3-1.9 mm, sifted through a sieve with sizes of 0.8-2.0 mm and selected from the group: tea coffee hammer boiled, asafoetida, star anise, vanilla, cloves, ginger, galangal, cardamom, cinnamon, turmeric, laurel, nutmeg, nutmeg, black pepper, white pepper, cubeb pepper, long pepper, African pepper, chilli pepper, cayenne pepper, pepper avian, flower bed, jamaican pepper, japanese pepper, malaguette, rosemary, saffron, onion, leek, onion, batun, chives, mangir, altai onion, pskem onion, garlic, wild garlic, bulb, garlic , garlic mushroom, parsley, parsnip, celery, fennel, horseradish, aggon, calamus, anise, basil, black g mustard, Sarepta mustard, white mustard, gravilate, sweet clover blue, oregano, angelica, hyssop, cufer, chervil, chervil spanish, cumin, color, coriander, watercress, bitter cress, meadow cress, garden cress, capuchin cress, lavender, lovage, marjoram, lemon balm, Moldavian snakehead, juniper, peppermint, spearmint, spicy peppermint, apple peppermint, common wormwood, paniculate wormwood, lemon wormwood, alpine wormwood, aromatic ruta, thyme, roe, cumin, caraway savory, savory winter, thyme, Chernushka sowing minced sage, tarragon, ginseng, orange and / or lemon peel, and / or orange, tangerine, and / or grapefruit, mix the starch-containing raw materials with salt and enriching ingredient for 2-4 minutes, the resulting mixture is passed through a magnetic column with permanent magnets with a layer thickness of 6-8 mm, a speed of not more than 0.5 m / s, carry out single or multiple extrusion processing using one or two screw extruders at a working temperature of 100-200 ° C, a rotational speed of working augers of 70- 95 min ^-1, the diameter spinneret used - 1-6 mm, with additional supply of water to achieve the desired amount of moisture of 20%, and the rotational frequency of the screw batcher 90-95 min ^-1, and the rotational frequency of the cutting device 80-85 min ^-1, and crushing is performed Metallomagnetic separation ; however, the amount of salt should be at least 50% of the total mass.

The method is implemented as follows.

Used raw materials. To obtain a biologically active salt, salt of various types is used:

1. Table salt (NaCl) according to TNLA and / or

2. Sea salt (table 1) according to TNLA, and / or

3. Salt of salt lakes (lake salt) according to TNLA individually or in a mixture of different ratios:

- salt of Adjigel Lake (Turkey) according to TNLA;

- salt of the Aydarkul lake (Jizzakh and Navoi regions, Uzbekistan) according to TNLA;

- salt of the Akush lake (Tyumen region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

- salt of the Alakol lake (Almaty region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

- salt of the lake "Alakul" (Kurgan region, Russia) according to TNLA;

- salt of the “Aral Sea” lake (Aktobe and Kyzylorda regions, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan) according to TNLA;

- salt of the "Arnasay" lake system (Uzbekistan) according to TNLA;

- salt of the lake "Assal" (Djibouti) according to TNLA;

- salt of the lake "Balkhash" (Almaty, Zhambyl and Karaganda regions, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

- salt of the lake "Baskunchak" (Astrakhan region, Russia) according to TNLA;

- salt of the lake “Belyo” (Khakassia, Russia) according to TNLA;

- salt of the Boyuk-Shor lake (Azerbaijan) according to TNLA;

- salt of the lake "Bogoria" (Kenya) according to TNLA;

- salt of the lake "Big Spring" (Altai Territory, Russia) according to TNLA;

- salt of the lake "Big Yashaltinskoe" (Kalmykia, Russia) according to TNLA;

- salt of the lake "Big Liman" (Rostov region and Kalmykia, Russia) according to TNLA;

- salt of the Botkul lake (West Kazakhstan and Volgograd regions, Kazakhstan and Russia)) according to TNLA;

- the salt of the lake "Bra-d'Or" (Canada) according to TNLA;

- salt of the lake "Bulukhta" (Volgograd region, Russia) according to TNLA;

- the salt of Lake Van (Turkey) according to TNLA;

salt of the Issyk-Kul Lake (Issyk-Kul Oblast, Kyrgyzstan) (according to TNLA;

salt of the Itishpes Lake (Almaty and Zhambyl regions, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Yoa” (Chad) according to TNLA;

salt of the Kak-Khol lake (Tandinsky kozhuun, Tuva, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Kamyshlovsky Log lake (Omkaya and North-Kazakh regions, Russia and Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of Karasor lake (Karaganda region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

Salt of Karachi Lake (Novosibirsk Region, Russia)) according to TNLA;

salt of Kara-Bogaz-Gol Lake (Turkmenistan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Caspian Sea Lake (Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Iran, Azerbaijan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Kek-Khak lake (Kalmykia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Kozinka lake (Rostov region, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Koipasa lake (Bolivia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Koltan-Nur lake (Kalmykia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Koryakovka lake (Pavlodar region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Krutyanskoye lake (Kalmykia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Kukunor lake (People's Republic of China) according to TNLA;

salt of the Kunigunda lake (Transcarpathian region, Ukraine) according to TNLA;

salt of the Kuchukskoe lake (Altai Territory, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Kushchevatoye lake (Kalmykia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Kuyalnitsky estuary lake (Odessa region, Ukraine) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Laguna Verde (Potosi)” (Bolivia) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Laguna-Colorado” (Bolivia) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Laguna-Celeste” (Bolivia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Magadi Lake (Kenya) according to TNLA;

 salt of the Malinovoye Lake (Altai Territory, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Maloe Yashaltinskoye lake (Kalmykia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Small Manych” (Kalmykia and Stavropol Territory, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Mamai lake (Akmola region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Manych Lake (Kalmykia and Stavropol Territory, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Manych-Gudilo lake (Kalmykia and Stavropol Territory, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of Medvezhye lake (Kurgan region, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Meduz lake (Palau) according to TNLA;

salt of the Dead Sea Lake (Israel and Jordan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Mogotoevo lake (Yakutia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake "Nakuru" (Kenya) according to TNLA;

the salt of Lake Natron (Tanzania) according to TNLA;

salt of the Nerpichye lake (Kamchatka Territory, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Underwater Salt Lake (Gulf of Mexico) according to TNLA;

salt of the Poopo Lake (Bolivia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Razval lake (Orenburg region, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of Retba Lake (Senegal) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake "Sarykop" (Kostanay region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Sasyk lake (Crimea, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Saumalkol” (Akmola region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Saumalkol” (Karshigalinsky rural district, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Saumalkol” (Nurinsky district, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Saumalkol” (North Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Saumalkol” (Sharyktinsky rural district, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake "Siletteniz" (North Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Salt (near the Don Beam)” (Stavropol Territory, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Salt (near Salt Lake)” (Stavropol Territory, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Saltynoe Lake (Krasnodar Territory, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Solyonoye lake (Kyakhtinsky district, Buryatia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Saltynoe Lake (Rostov Region, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Solyonoye lake (Selenginsky district, Buryatia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Solonets-Tuzly lake (Nikolaev region, Ukraine) according to TNLA;

salt of the Lakes “Solotvinsk Lakes” (Transcarpathian region, Ukraine) according to TNLA;

salt of the Salton Sea Lake (California, USA) according to TNLA;

salt of the Tambukan lake (Stavropol Territory and Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of Lake Teke (North-Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Tengiz lake (Akmola region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of Lake Tethys (Australia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Tudakul lake (Navoi region, Uzbekistan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Tuz lake (Turkey) according to TNLA;

salt of the Tuzkan lake (Jizzakh region, Uzbekistan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Tuzluchnoe lake (Orenburg region, Russia) according to TNLA;

the salt of the Tus lake (Khakassia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Ubsu-Nur lake (Russia and Mongolia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Ulugshurkul lake (Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Ulzhay” (Omsk region, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Ulyun” (Kalmykia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of Walker Lake (Nevada, USA) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Urmia” (Iran) according to TNLA;

salt of the Hadzhibeysky estuary lake (Odessa region, Ukraine) according to TNLA;

salt of Khadyn Lake (Tandinsky Kozhuun, Tuva, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Khanskoye Lake (Krasnodar Territory, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake "Khyargas-Nuur" (Mongolia) according to TNLA;

salt of Tsanhak Lake (Rostov Region, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of Tsaryk Lake (Kalmykia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the lake “Chabier-Tsaka” (People's Republic of China) according to TNLA;

salt of the Cheder Lake (Tandinsky Kozhuun, Tuva, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of Chikirlya lake (Kalmykia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Shalkar-Karashatau lake (Aktobe region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Shalkarteniz lake (Aktobe region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Shamelya lake (Kurgan region, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Shara-Hyp lake (Tes-Khemsky kozhuun, Tuva, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Shira lake (Khakassia, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of the Chott al-Hodna lake (Algeria) according to TNLA;

salt of the Shubarteniz lake (Karaganda region, Kazakhstan) according to TNLA;

salt of the Ebeyty Lake (Omsk Region, Russia) according to TNLA;

the salt of Lake El Garza (Algeria and Tunisia) according to TNLA;

salt of the El Jerid Lake (Tunisia) according to TNLA;

 the salt of the lake "El Milh" (Iraq) according to TNLA;

salt of the Al-Khabbaniya lake (Iraq) according to TNLA;

salt of the Elki-Gernama lake (Niger) according to TNLA;

salt of the Elton lake (Volgograd region, Russia) according to TNLA;

salt of Ercek lake (Turkey) according to TNLA.

The following starch-containing raw materials are used as a structure-forming and binding ingredient:

1. Native potato starch according to GOST 7699-78 and / or

2. Native corn starch according to GOST 7697-82 and / or

3. Native tapioca starch according to the technical regulatory act (TNLA) and / or

4. Native wheat starch according to TNLA and / or

5. Native rice starch according to TNLA and / or

6. Native pea starch according to TNLA and / or

7. Native chickpeas according to TNLA and / or

8. Native rye starch according to TNLA and / or

9. Native triticale starch according to TNLA and / or

10. Native barley starch according to TNLA and / or

11. Native oat starch according to TNLA and / or

12. Native buckwheat starch according to TNLA and / or

13. Native amaranth starch according to TNLA and / or

14. Amylopectin starch according to TNLA and / or

15. Amylose starch according to TNLA and / or

16. Chemically modified oxidized starch according to TNLA and / or

17. Chemically modified acid-hydrolyzed starch according to TNLA and / or

18. Chemically modified phosphate starch according to TNLA and / or

19. Chemically modified acetate starch according to TNLA and / or

20. Chemically modified cross-linked (bound) starch according to TNLA and / or

21. Dextrin according to TNLA, and / or

22. Flour according to TNLA, and / or

23. Mashed potatoes according to TNLA.

To prepare the enriching ingredient, the following plant materials are used in a mixture or separately:

1. Green and / or black tea (Camellia sinensis L.). The alkaloids contained in tea, essential oils, proteins and amino acids, biological pigments, vitamins, as well as minerals (phosphorus, photra, potassium compounds) have a beneficial effect on a wide variety of human organ systems. So theotanine has a strong bactericidal effect and has a positive effect on the tone of the gastrointestinal tract. The combined action of tannin and caffeine leads to normalization of the heart, vasodilation, elimination of cramps, normalization of blood pressure, and vitamin R in tea contains positive effects on the vascular system. Theobromine and caffeine stimulate the kidneys, as they have diuretic effects.

2. Roasted coffee beans or ground coffee (Coffea L.). The main component of coffee is caffeine, the content of which reaches 1500 mg / l. Caffeine is effective for migraine headaches, enhances the influence of some painkillers, and can reduce the risk of developing Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. The positive effect of coffee on the digestive system is shown, so the use of ground coffee significantly reduces the risk of liver cirrhosis and reduces the frequency of constipation.

3. Asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida L.); synonyms: ferula smelly, smelly tar, bad spirit, damn feces, asmargok, hing, ilyan. Resin was found in the composition of this component, most of which consists of ferulic acid and gum esters, sulfur compounds, some terpenes, carboxylic acids (acetic and undecylic), sulfanilic acid, etc .; asafoetida has anti-inflammatory, antiaggregant, antihistamine, hepatoprotective, antibacterial and antiviral properties. Used for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

4. Star anise (Anis stellatum L.); synonyms: star anise, Chinese anise, Indian anise, Siberian anise, ship anise. Anethole, alpha-terpinol, farnesol, alpha-pinene, limonene, beta-fellandren, hydroquinone ethyl ester and safrole, fatty oil were found in this component. It is indicated for use as a general strengthening agent that increases resistance to stress, infections, improves the action of the nervous system, endocrine and immune systems. It is an emollient and expectorant for infections of the upper respiratory tract and bronchi. A great remedy for the treatment of tonsillitis. It stimulates the production of estrogen, helps relieve premenstrual tension, pain during menstruation, and normalizes the cycle. Star anise has an anti-inflammatory, carminative effect. Fruits stimulate the activity of the gastrointestinal tract: stimulates digestion, improves the activity of the stomach, relieves spasms and increases intestinal motility. Essential oil improves digestion, liquefies sputum and has an expectorant effect. Star anise increase lactation.

5. Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks, ex Andrews and V. pompon Schiede). The composition of this component found essential oil, glucovaniline, tannins, fat, resins and enzymes. Vanilla essential oil is a source of vanillin and hydroxybenzaldehyde, it also contains eugenol and furfural. The oil contains isobutyric acid, geranyl acetate, caproic and acetic acid, as well as anisic aldehyde and anisic acid. In addition, it contains cinnamic esters and a host of other significant components. Vanilla is used to restore appetite, it improves digestion, stabilizes acidity; positive effect on sleep, improves the functioning of the nervous system, helps with nervous disorders.

6. Clove (Caryophyllus aromaticus L.). As part of this component, eugenol, acetyl-eugenol, caryophyllene, tannins, phytosterols, flavonoids were found. Used as an antiseptic; digestive stimulant (appetite stimulant).

7. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc) synonym: white root. As part of this component, cineole, cingiberen, cingiberol, starch, resins, sugars, vitamins C, B ₁ , B ₂ , essential amino acids, minerals (sodium, potassium, zinc), bisabolene, borneol, linalool, geraniol, farnesene, gingerols were found. It has an antispasmodic, analgesic, absorbable, aphrodisiac, carminative, diaphoretic, healing and tonic effect. Ginger also has a strong antioxidant and sedative effect, enhances immunity and protects the body from parasites. An aqueous infusion of ginger rhizomes has an antitrichomonas and antifungal effect.

8. Kalgan or galgant (Alpinia officinarum Hance - small root, A. galangal L. - large root, A. chinensis Planch. - Chinese root); Synonyms: galgan, alpinia, galangal root, pharmacy root. As part of this component, camphene, limonene, borneol, bornyl acetate, alpha and beta pinenes, eucarvone, eugenol, anise aldehyde, galangin, alpinol and galangon, magnesium, iron, vitamin C, thiamine and riboflavin were found. It has general tonic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

9. Cardamom (Elettaria cardamonum L.); related plants: Siamese cardamom - Amomum cardamomum L., Javanese cardamom - A. maximum Roxb. Camphor, fatty oil, terpenyl acetate, cineole, limonene, linalol, linalyl acetate, sabinen, pinene, zingiberin, eucalyptol, cingeberen, borneol, starch, fats, fiber, protein, phosphorus, potassium, iron, calcium, magnesium were found in this component sodium, vitamins B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₆ , C and A. It is used as a digestive stimulant, has warming, anti-inflammatory, anti-cold, antipyretic properties.

10. Cinnamon (Ceylon cinnamon (Cinnamomum ceylanicum Br.)), Synonyms: cinnamon, noble cinnamon, real cinnamon; Chinese cinnamon (C. cassia Bl.), synonyms: aromatic cinnamon, Indian cinnamon, plain cinnamon, cassia, cassia canel; Malabar cinnamon (C. tamala Nees), synonyms: cinnamon tree, brown cinnamon, wood cinnamon, cassia faith; cinnamon or spicy cinnamon (C.culilawan Bl.). As part of this component, eugenol, beta-caryophyllene, cinnamaldehyde, linalool, methylchavicol, fellandren were found. It has antiseptic, anesthetic, analgesic properties, enhances blood circulation and increases body temperature.

11. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.); synonyms: long turmeric, yellow root, gurghemei, zarchava, haldi; related plants: aromatic turmeric (C. aromatica Salisb.), zedoaria turmeric or citrus root (C. zedoaria Rosc.), round turmeric (C. leucorrhizae Roxb). As part of this component, the components of essential oil, starch, curcumin, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and magnesium were found. Used as a digestive aid. Stimulates the production of gastric juice, has a choleretic effect.

12. Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.). As part of this component, essential oils, resins, bitterness, tannins, B vitamins, vitamins A, C and PP, trace elements calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, manganese, selenium, acetic, capron , valerianic, lauric acid, phytosterols. It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory effect, may have a mild sedative effect.

13. Nutmeg and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.). As part of this component, camphene, beta-pinene, sabinene, myrcene, alpha-fellandren, terpinene-limonene, 1,8-cineole, Y-terpinene, linalool, terpinene-4-ol, safrol, methyl eugenol, myristicin, myristic triglycerides were found acids, starch, pigments, pectin, saponins, aleuron, vitamins A, C and E, electrolytes (sodium and potassium), minerals, including calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, phosphorus and phytonutrients. Used for detoxification in diseases of the kidneys and liver.

14. Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). As part of this component, tar, fatty oil, starch, alkaline piperine, essential oil, which includes dipentene, fellandren and sesquiterpen karyophylline, were found. Promotes digestion and improves appetite.

15. White pepper (Piper nigrum L.). As part of this component, vitamins B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₅ , B ₆ , B ₉ , C, and PP were found, as well as potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, selenium, copper and manganese, iron, phosphorus and sodium. Promotes digestion and improves appetite.

16. Cubeb pepper (Piper cubeba L.); Synonyms: Javanese pepper, kumukus, rinu. As part of this component, dipentene, cadinene, stearopten, cubebin, piperidine, havicin were found. It has antiseptic, bactericidal, antiviral, antispasmodic, diuretic, expectorant, stimulating effects.

17. Long pepper (Piper longum L., P. officinarum L.); long pepper, spikelet, Javanese pepper, pipul, cavica. Essential oils, bioflavonoids, alkeroid piperine, piperlongumin are found in this component. It has antioxidant, anti-aging, antiseptic, antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, senolytic, anthelmintic, antifungal, carminative, stimulating, stimulating, tonic properties.

18. African pepper (Piper clusii D.); synonyms: Guinean, Ashanti, West African peppers, Leclusa peppers, "pimentoda rab." Piperine, beta-karyofillen, myristicin, elemicin, safrole and dillapiol were found in this component. It has anti-inflammatory properties.

19. Capsicum (Capsicum annuum L., C. longum L.); synonyms: red, spicy, pungent, Mexican, Spanish, Turkish, Magyar, paprika, chili. As part of this component, an alkaloid (alkaloid-like amide) capsaicin, sugars, proteins were found; vitamins C, carotene, P, B ₁ , B ₂ , essential and fatty oils, steroid saponins. It has irritating, distracting, bactericidal properties.

20. Cayenne pepper (Capsicum fastigiatum Bl., C. frutescens); synonyms: Indian pepper, Brazilian pepper. Riboflavin, potassium, iron, niacin, magnesium, vitamins E, A, C, B ₆ , K, manganese, capsaicin, piperidine, carotenoids, havicin, essential oils and fatty oils were found in this component. It has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, analgesic effects.

21. Bird pepper (Capsicum minimum Roxb.); synonyms: small pepper, table pepper. As a part of this component, ascorbic acid, nicotinic, folic acid, riboflavin, flavonoids (luteolin, apigenin), carotenoids, alkaloids (capsaicin, homodihydrocapsaicin, nordigidrocapsaicin), capsorubin, glucoalkaloid solanins, vitamins, cumene are found Vitamin A, micro and macro elements (calcium, potassium, mercury, iron, zinc, sodium, manganese, magnesium, aluminum, iron), essential and fatty oils. Used prophylactically to prevent diseases of the cardiovascular system, thrombophlebitis, atherosclerosis.

22. Flower bed or Moorish pepper (Xylopia aethiopica Dunal). Essential oils, glycosides and alkaloids were found in this component. Composition and properties similar to black pepper.

23. Negro or Guinean pepper (Xylopia aromatica Mart.). Essential oils, glycosides and alkaloids were found in this component. Combines in itself an extremely strong peculiar aroma with “pepper” hotness of medium strength.

24. Jamaican pepper (Pimentus officinalis L.); clove pepper, ormush, English pepper, English spice, vsepryanost, quadruple, pimento. Essential oils, glycosides and alkaloids were found in this component. It has a strong odor combining the smell of cloves, black pepper, nutmeg and cinnamon.

25. Japanese pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum D.C.); synonyms: zanthoxylum pepper, pepper shaker, chuan-jiao, huajie. Essential oils, glycosides and alkaloids were found in this component. It has an extremely subtle and at the same time strong characteristic odor, in which there is a citrus aroma.

26. Paradise grain or malagetta (Amomum meleguetta Rosc.); synonyms: amomum, "Guinean pepper", Mullagvet, Meleghetsky, Melegvetsky, manigveta pepper. Essential oils, glycosides and alkaloids were found in this component. It has antiviral and antifungal effects.

27. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) synonyms: sea dew. Cineol, camphor, limonene, borneol, pinene, tannins, resins, bitterness, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc were found in this component. It has anti-inflammatory, diuretic, tonic, wound healing, choleretic, antidepressant, antioxidant properties.

28. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.). As part of this component, essential oil in the form of picrocrocine glycoside, fatty oil, carotenoids, lycopene, flavonoids, wax, thiamine, B vitamins, sugar, nitrogenous substances, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, anthocyanin were found. It is used as a stimulant that affects the psyche.

29. Onions (Allium sulfur L.). As part of this component, sucrose, fructose, maltose, polysaccharide inulin, quercetin, saponins, enzymes, mineral salts of phosphorus, potassium, iron, iodine, volatile, glycosides, mucus, phytin, organic acids (citric, malic), sulfur-containing compounds, ascorbic acid were found acid, B vitamins (PP, B ₁ , B ₂ ), provitamin A, PP, diallyl sulfide. It has a stimulating effect on the activity of the heart muscle, smooth muscles, and also the secretory function of the glands of the digestive system.

30. Multi-tiered onions (Allium proliferum Schrad). As part of this component, vitamins C, B _1, B ₂ , PP, sugars, essential oils were found. It has high phytoncidal properties and is used as an anti-inflammatory agent for colds and other diseases.

31. Shallot (Allium ascolonicum L.). As part of this component, vitamins C, B _1, B ₂ , PP, sugars, essential oils were found. Used in the treatment of eye and stomach diseases.

32. Leek (Allium porrum L.). The composition of this component revealed salts of potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, essential oil, which includes sulfur, protein substances, vitamins - ascorbic and nicotinic acids, thiamine, riboflavin, carotene. It has a pronounced diuretic effect, is useful in obesity, rheumatism, gout. It increases the secretory function of the glands of the digestive tract, improves liver activity, increases appetite, and has anti-sclerotic properties.

33. Onion batun (Allium fistulosum L.). As part of this component, carotene, sugar, ascorbic and nicotinic acids, thiamine, riboflavin, essential oil, potassium, magnesium, and iron salts were found. By the action on the body, the batun is close to onions. Drugs that lower blood pressure and increase the elasticity of capillary blood vessels were obtained from onion. In Chinese medicine, the batun was used as a diaphoretic, painkiller for stomach diseases, as a tonic, as well as for fractures and boils.

34. Chives (Allium schoenoprasum L.); synonyms: rezanets, speed. As part of this component, sugars, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, vitamins B _{1 were found} ; In ₂ , PP and C, essential oils. It stimulates the appetite and strengthens the stomach.

35. Mangir (Allium senscens L.); synonyms: aging onions. As part of this component, vitamins C, B _1, B ₂ , PP, sugars, essential oils were found. It stimulates the appetite and strengthens the stomach.

36. Altai onion (Allium altaicum Pall); synonyms: Siberian wild onions, stone onions, pine forest onions, sonchin, kurai onions, Mongolian onions. As part of this component, carotene, sugar, ascorbic and nicotinic acids, thiamine, riboflavin, essential oil, potassium, magnesium, and iron salts were found. By the action on the body, the batun is close to the onion batun.

37. Pskem onion (Allium pskemene Fedtsch); synonyms: piez-ansur, mountain onion. As part of this component, vitamins C, B ₁ , B ₂ , PP, sugars, essential oils were found. Increases appetite.

38. Garlic (Allium sativum L.). As part of this component, an essential oil was discovered consisting of a mixture of diallyl sulfide, allylpropyl sulfide, and other polysulfides; 0.3% alliin glycoside, which is converted under the influence of the allinase enzyme into allicin; ammonia and pyruvic acid, fatty oil, phytosterols, nitrogen-containing and oily substances, starch, fructose, 10 mg% ascorbic acid, B vitamins, vitamin D, a large number of phytoncides, propyl and allyl sulfur compounds, alliglycoside, potassium, calcium, magnesium, traces of iodine, phosphoric, silicic and sulfuric acids. It has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiseptic, antisclerotic, expectorant, anthelmintic effect; interfere with the development of cholesterolemia, lower blood pressure, delays the formation of atheromatous plaques in the aorta.

39. Ramson (Allium ursinum L.); synonyms: bear bow, wild bow, hansels. As part of this component, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, organic acids, mono- and disaccharides, vitamins A, B ₁ (thiamine), B ₂ (riboflavin), B ₆ (pyridoxine), B ₉ (folic acid), C, PP. Helps to normalize metabolism, improve the digestive tract. It has an anti-zingotic general strengthening effect, has antibacterial properties.

40. Flask (Allium victorialis L.); synonyms: victorious onion, Siberian wild garlic. As part of this component, carbohydrates, essential oil, prostaglandins, sulfur-containing compounds - alliin, allylisothiocyanate, ascorbic acid - vitamin C - 750 mg% (in bulbs 50-100 mg%, in fresh leaves up to 7 mg%), flavonoids, saponins, aliphatic aldehydes, phenolcarboxylic acids, lysozyme, volatile, mucus, sugar - 0.3% citric acid - 0.05%, trace elements: iron, manganese, zinc, copper, chromium, molybdenum, antibiotic lysozyme. It has strong phytoncidal properties, which provides anti-zingotic and antiviral effects, also lowers blood pressure, enhances intestinal motility, promotes the normal development of intestinal flora, increases the amplitude and regularizes the heart rate, has anti-sclerotic, bactericidal, bacteriostatic, antifungal, anthelminthic properties.

41. Garlic (Alliara officinallis Andrz, Alliaria brachycarpa M. Bieb.); synonyms: garlic, garlic grass, forest garlic. As part of this component, flavonoids, sinigrin glycoside, ascorbic acid, carotene, linoleic, oleic, erunic, palmitic and other acids, mustard oil were found. It has an anthelmintic (anthelmintic), anti-zingotic, expectorant, diaphoretic, diuretic, anti-asthma and antiseptic effect.

42. Garlic mushroom (Marasmius scorodonius Fr.) synonyms: garlic, musseron, onion mushroom, cartilage. A small mushroom with a strong smell of garlic, used as a seasoning.

43. Parsley (Petroselinum crispum Mill., P. sativum Hoffm.). As part of this component, vitamin C, luteolin, apigenin, carotene, apigenin, quercetin, kempferol, flavonoids diosmin and apiin, glucosides naringenin and apigenin, glycerides of petrozelinic acid, luteolin, a large amount of mineral substances (iron, calcium, potassium, potassium, calcium) are found ) Strengthens the tone of the intestines, smooth muscles of the uterus, bladder, increases diuresis.

44. Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L.); synonyms: field borsch, popovnik, tragus. In the composition of the component detected carbohydrates, starch, fatty oils, essential oils, pectins, pantothenic and nicotinic acid, riboflavin, carotene, dietary fiber, thiamine, ascorbic acid, vitamins PP, B _2, minerals (potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, etc. .). It has pronounced antispasmodic properties, as well as photosensitizing activity.

45. Celery (Apium graveolens L.); Synonyms: celery, fragrant parsley. As part of this component, sugars, protein, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, ascorbic acid, carotene, vitamins B ₁ , B ₂ , PP, A, B ₆ , B ₉ , E, K, flavonoids, furanocoumarins, oxalic acid, purines, essential oil, pectins. Used as a diuretic and cardiac.

46. Fennel (Anetum foeniculum L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill.); synonyms: pharmacy dill, Volosh dill. Essential oil (up to 6%) was found in the composition of this component, which includes: anethole (up to 60%), α-pinene, α-fellandren, dipentene, limonene, methylchavicol, camphene, timolol, pheniculin, estragol, ethyl phenkhan, fenkhon (20%), methylchavicol (10%); protein substances, fatty oil (up to 18%), which includes petroselinic, oleic, linoleic, palmitic acids, sugars, coumarins; macro- and microelements. It has a carminative, antispasmodic, expectorant, anti-inflammatory and some antibacterial effect, regulates intestinal motor activity, increases milk secretion in lactating women.

47. Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana Lam., Cochlearia armoracia L.). Steroids were found in the composition of this component: β-sitosterol, campesterol, flavonoids in the roots; in leaves and flowers - campferol, quercetin, 3-O-β-D-glucosyl-β-D-xyloside kempferol, 3-O-β-D-glucosyl-β-D-xyloside quercetin; in leaves - kempferol 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside; in flowers - 3-O-β-D-glucoside kempferol, thioglycosides; in the roots, sinigrin, gluconasturcin, isothio- and thiocyanites; in the roots - allylthiocyanic and allylisothiocyanic acids, allylthiocyanate, other nitrogen-containing compounds, mustard oil - up to 0.2%. It has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial properties.

48. Azhgon (Carum ajowan L., Trachyspermum copticum L.); Synonyms: Aoivan, Coptic caraway, Indian caraway, Zira. As part of this component, thymol, carvacrol, α- and β-pinenes, β-fellandren, paracimol, dipentene, petrozelinic acid glycerides and protein were found. It has a tonic, diuretic, antispasmodic, wound healing, expectorant, anesthetic, analgesic effect.

49. Air (Acorus calamus L.); synonyms: ir, irrigation root, gairo, yaver, Tatar potion, saberelnik, calmus. As a part of this component, monoterpenes (camphene, camphor, borneol) and sesquiterpenes (acoron, isoacoron, acoroxide, etc.), aromatic compounds (azaron, eugenol), and others were found. In addition to essential oil, bitter glycoside acorin specific to the plant was found in the rhizomes of calamus, bitterness acoretin, tannins, ascorbic and palmitic acids, starch, choline, vitamins, iodine. Calamus essential oil and bitter acorin glycoside affect taste buds, increase appetite, favorably affect the gallbladder tone, improve digestion, reflexively stimulate the secretion of gastric juice, promote the passage of gases, and increase diuresis. Tannins enhance the therapeutic effect, exhibit antidiarrheal properties.

50. Anise (Pimpinella anisum L., Anisum vulgare Gaertn.); Synonyms: ganus. The composition of this component revealed fatty oil (from 8 to 30%) and essential oil (up to 6%). Essential oil contains anethole (80-90%), methylchavicol (10%), anisic aldehyde, anisic ketone and anisic acid. It has anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and expectorant properties.

51. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.); synonyms: darling, fragrant cornflowers, reagan, rayon, rean. Phytoncides, tannins, terpenoid compounds, ascorbic and malic acids, sugars, as well as minerals, including phosphorus and calcium, and fatty acids — linoleic, linolenic, and palmitic — were found in this component. All parts of the plant contain essential oil, its content depends on the phase of development of the plant and the conditions for its cultivation, but usually not less than 3.5% and not more than 5%. The leaves contain from 1.6 to 6% of essential oil, in inflorescences from 1.5 to 3.5%, and in the stems no more than 0.3%. The composition of the essential oil is well understood; its main component is d-camphor, which is readily soluble in alcohols, acids and esters, as well as hydrocarbons. In addition to camphor, the oil contains terpinolene, dipentin, eugenol, limonene, sabinene, krimen, thujone, benzoic aldehyde, bisabolene, geraniol and sesquiterpene alcohols. Basil seeds also contain up to 20% fatty oil. It has antiseptic and mild irritating effects. It has antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic and analgesic effects.

52. Black mustard (Brassica nigra Koch.); synonyms: real mustard, French mustard. The composition of this component contains mustard essential oil, which contains allyl mustard oil, allyl cyanide and carbon disulfide. The seeds also contain a non-drying fatty oil, the main components of which are erucic, oleic, linoleic, palmitic, lignoceric and linolenic acids; there are traces of stearic and arachinic acids. It is used as a local irritant for pneumonia, bronchitis, neuralgia, and rheumatism.

53. Sarepta mustard (Brassica juncea Czern.); Synonyms: Russian mustard, gray mustard. The composition of this component revealed an essential oil, which includes allyl mustard and crotonyl mustard oils, as well as traces of carbon disulfide and dimethyl sulfide; mustard fatty oil, which includes erucic, oleic, linolenic, peanut, lagnoceric, behenic, palmitic, linoleic and dioxistearic acids. The seeds contain the glycoside sinigrin (allyl isothiocyanate double ester with potassium bisulfate and glucose) and the myrosin enzyme. It is used as a warming and distracting agent for pneumonia, pleurisy, bronchitis, neuralgia, colds, after severe cooling, and also for reflex effects on blood circulation in hypertensive crises, threatening stroke and angina pectoris. Also used to stimulate appetite and enhance the secretion of gastric juice.

54. White mustard (Brassica alba Boiss); synonyms: yellow mustard, English mustard. As part of this component, fatty oil and essential (mustard) oil, proteins, minerals, and the enzyme myrosine were found. The composition of the oil includes sinalbin glycoside, mucus, acids (erucic, oleic, linoleic, palmitic, peanut, linolenic). Used for vascular sclerosis, hypertension, liver and gall bladder diseases, digestive disorders, flatulence, rheumatism, sciatica and skin eczema.

55. Gravilate (Geum urbanum L.); synonyms: pharmacy gravilate, urban clove, comb, cleanser, benicidic grass, undergrowth, hanging. As part of this component, tanning agents of the pyrogallol series, phenolcarboxylic acids and their derivatives, flavonoids, saponins, catechins, alkaloids, carbohydrates in large quantities, red pigment, essential oil containing eugenol were found. Young leaves contain up to 0.12% ascorbic acid, as well as up to 0.14% carotene. Up to 20% fatty oil was found in the seeds. It has anti-inflammatory, astringent, antiseptic, diuretic and diaphoretic, hemostatic and wound healing properties.

56. Blue Melilot (Melilotus coerules L., Trigonella caerulea L.); Synonyms: blue clover, blue fenugreek, gunba, blue goat shamrock. As part of this component, coumarins and their derivatives (coumarin, dicumarol, dihydrocoumarin, glycoside melilotoside), flavonoids (robinium, fluvin, kempferol and its derivatives), melilotin, essential oil, polysaccharides (mucus), protein, saponins, purine derivatives (allin) were found ), phenolcarboxylic acids (hydroxycinnamic, coumaric, melilotic), phenolic triterpene compounds, carbohydrate compounds, nitrogenous bases, amino acids, tannins, vitamin C, vitamin E, carotene, fat-like substances, macro- and microelements (naka Lebanon molybdenum, selenium). It has antiseptic, analgesic, wound healing, expectorant properties.

57. Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.); synonyms: motherboard, frankincense, matserdushka, flea, stuffy, yellock, punishment of the gyna, zvirak, tashava. Essential oil (up to 1.2%) was found in the composition of this component, the main components of which are thymol (up to 40%), cimol, carvacrol, sesquiterpenes, geranyl acetate, selinene, α-thujone, α-terpinene. In addition, the plant contains flavonoids: apigenin, luteolin, 7-glucuronide, luteolin-7-glucoside, isorooifolin, cosmosyin; ascorbic acid and tannins (up to 19%), macro- and microelements, fatty oil (up to 28%) is in the seeds. It has an expectorant, choleretic, diuretic and sedative effect, and has a calming effect on the central nervous system.

58. Angelica (Angelica archangelica L., A. officinalis Hoffm.); synonyms: angelica officinalis, angelica, angelica, angelica, cowshed, sweet trunk. Monoterpenes were found in the composition of this component: fellandren, pinene, borneol, tsimol; terpenoids, coumarins (osthol, ostenol, umbelliprenin, xanthotoxin, imperin, angelicin, archangellicin, umbelliferone); derivatives of phthalic acid: legustilide, sedanolide. Polyacetylene compounds were found in angelica oil: falkarinol, falkarindiol; coumarins: pinene, ostol and furocoumarin, angelicin and furocoumarins (angelicin, xanthotoxin, psolarin, bergapten, oxypeucedanin); phytosterols, resins - 6%, wax, bitter and tannins, organic acids (malic, acetic, angelic, valerian, etc.); sugars, pectins, carotene, starch. It has expectorant, bactericidal, diuretic, diaphoretic, anti-inflammatory properties.

59. Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.); Synonyms: gisop, susop, yuzefka, blue St. John's wort. Essential oil was found in the composition of this component (1.15% in leaves; 1.98% in inflorescences); in the flowers - flavonoids (diosmin, hyssopine); in the grass - triterpene acids (oleanolic and ursolic), tannins and bitter substances, resins, gum, pigments. The composition of the essential oil includes: 1-pinocamphone, α-pinene (1%), β-pinene (5%), cineole, camphene, 1-pinocampheol and its acetic ether, sesquiterpenes. Also, various aromatic substances are characteristic of grass: alcohols, phenols, aldehydes and ketones. It has antispasmodic, disinfectant, expectorant, wound healing, carminative properties.

60. Kalufer (Tanacetum balsamita L., Pyretrum balsamita L.); Synonyms: kanufer, kanuper, Saracen mint, balsamic mountain ash. As part of this component, essential oil, alkaloids, the bitter substance tanacetin, flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, isoramnetin, cosmosyin, tiliantin, etc.), phenol carboxylic acids: coffee, chlorogenic, isochlorogenic; polysaccharides, tannins, vitamin C, carotenoids, etc .; macro- and microelements. It is used as an anthelmintic agent for ascariasis and enterobiasis; as a choleretic agent in chronic non-calculous cholecystitis, hypomotor biliary dyskinesia (in complex therapy).

61. Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium L.); synonyms: kupyr, snedok, zhurnitsa. Essential oil was found in the composition of this component, the main component of which is anethole, glycosides, carotene, ascorbic acid, mineral salts of magnesium, potassium. Used for diseases of the kidneys, bladder, as an expectorant and astringent for gastrointestinal disorders.

62. Spanish chervil (Myrrhis aromatica L., Myrrhis odarata Scop.) Synonyms: perennial chervil, wild parsley, fragrant buten, spicy buten, frankincense. Essential oil (anethole), glycosides, carotene, provitamin A, rutin, vitamin C, bitter and mineral substances were found in this component. Used for diseases of the liver, kidneys, bladder, as an astringent for gastrointestinal disorders and an expectorant.

63. Fireplace (Cuminum cyminum L.); synonyms: cumin, spicy caraway seeds, caraway seeds, Roman caraway seeds, Egyptian caraway seeds, Volosh caraway seeds. As part of this component, up to 4% of essential and about 20% fatty oil, up to 16% of gum, as well as vitamins C, E, K, B vitamins, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and calcium were found. Limonene, geraniol, camphene, 1,8-cineole were found in the essential oil, but the main proportion is cumin aldehyde. It has a carminative, antiseptic, antimicrobial, antimycotic effect.

64. Coluria (Coluria geoides Pall.); synonyms: gravure-shaped coluria, clove, clove root. As part of this component, essential oil was found, in the composition of which a large amount of eugenol was found. Rhizomes also contain ascorbic acid, tannins, and other active substances. It has antimicrobial, antiseptic properties.

65. Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.); synonyms: guts, kolyandra, kolendra, cilantro, haricot, kinji, klopovnik. Essential oil (0.7-1.5%), consisting of linalool (60-80%), geraniol (3-5%), cimol, geranyl acetate (up to 5%), borneol (1-4 %), their acetic acid esters and aldehydes: n-decyl, decylene and isodecylene (0.2-2.5%); terpenes, pinenes, fellandrenes. The fruits contain up to 20% non-drying fatty oil, which contains fatty acid glycerides (92%) and unsaponifiables (up to 7.5%), a small amount of alkaloids. It has antispasmodic, carminative and laxative effects.

66. Watercress (Nasturtium officinale R.Br.); synonyms: peanut, rezhuha, brunn-cress, key cress, water horseradish, watery spring. Flavonoids (apigenin, luteolin, kempferol, myricetin, hesperetin, narygenin, quercetin), anthocyanins (pelargonidin, cyanidin, dolphinidin) were found in this component. In the aerial part and roots - glucosinolates (gluconasturcin, glucobrassinocin, neoglucobrassicin, etc.). Watercress also contains other nitrogen-containing compounds (phenylpropionitrile, phenylacetonitrile, etc.). The seeds revealed higher fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, erucic, palmintic, sterol, linolenic) and fatty oil. It has blood-purifying, expectorant, anti-zingotic, diuretic, tonic properties.

67. Bitter watercress (Cochlearia arctica Schlecht., C. officinalis L.); synonyms: tepel, spoon grass, spoon horseradish, Arctic sculpin, varuha, sea salad, scurvy grass. As part of this component, an essential oil was found that contains butyl mustard oil, a small amount of limonene. It has anti-zingotic properties.

68. Meadow cress (Cardamina pratensis L.); synonyms: field mustard, core, smolyanka. As part of this component, sorbic acid, essential oil, bitter substances and cochlearin glycoside were found. It has anti-zingotic, diuretic, choleretic, anticonvulsant and antispasmodic properties.

69. Garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.); synonyms: watercress, pepper shaker, horseradish, papillon, pepper grass, kir salad. As part of this component, mineral salts of potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iodine, iron, magnesium, sulfur, copper, and others were found. Contains ascorbic acid, B vitamins, carotene, thiamine, rutin, riboflavin, mustard essential oil, including propoxoline glycoside. It improves digestion, sleep, stimulates appetite, has an antimicrobial and diuretic effect, and lowers blood pressure.

70. Capuchin cress (Tropaeolum majus L.); synonyms: werewolf, Indian cress, Spanish cress, colored salad, nasturtium. As part of this component, vitamin C, benzyl azotnocyanate, sulfur, carotene, iodine, potassium, phosphorus were found. Favorably affects the nervous system and immunity, improves the cardiovascular system, increases appetite, accelerates metabolism, removes toxins and toxins from the body.

71. Lavender (Lavandula vera D.C., Lavandula Mill.); synonyms: levanda, lavender, colored grass. As part of this component, up to 5% of essential oil was detected. It contains linalyl acetate, geranyl, cineole, borneol, geraniol, limonene, zedrin, phenol, pinene, linalool, lavenderulol, flavonoids, coumarins, triterpene compound (ursolic acid), up to 12% tannins, bitterness. It has sedative, choleretic, carminative properties.

72. Lovage (Levisticum officinale W.D.J.Koch); synonyms: pharmacy lovage, lovage, lover, libist, dawning, pipe maker, pipe grass, we love, picket fence. As part of this component, an essential oil was discovered, which contains up to 98 components, including D-α-terpineol, cineole, acetic, isovalerianic and benzoic acids, butylphthalide, ligustilide, which is the main carrier of a characteristic odor. In the roots, along with these substances, lecithin (0.9%), falkarindiol (0.06%), resins, gum, organic acids (angelic and malic), starch, sugars, terpenes - α-terpineol, carvacrol, sesquiterpenes were found , isovaleric acid, furocoumarins (psoralen and bergapten), tannins and minerals; in leaves - a large amount of ascorbic acid. It is used as an antispasmodic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, diuretic.

73. Marjoram (Origanum majorana L., Majorana hortensis Moench); synonyms: mayran, majorin, rosemayran, marjoram garden, sausage herb, rustihi. Terpineols, linalool and sabinene hydrates, phenols, borneol, anines, flavonoids, bitterness, manganese, zinc, rutin, ascorbic acid, carotene, pentosans, pectin, tannins were found in this component. It has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.

74. Melissa (Melissa officinalis L.); synonyms: lemon mint, honey, mother liquor, swarm, beekeeper, folder grass. As part of this component, ritterpen compounds — citral and citronelal — monoterpene compounds — geraniol, linalool and citronelol, carotene, vitamin C, caffeic, ursulic, rosmarinic, oleanoic acids; tannins, mucus, resins, non-glycoside bitterness. It has a sedative, antispasmodic effect, exhibits a mild hypnotic effect.

75. Turkish melissa or Moldavian snakehead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.); Synonyms: dragon-head, bruise. Essential oil, phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids), polysaccharides, organic acids, triterpene compounds, iridoids, tannins, a number of amino acids, macro- and microelements were found in this component. The main components of Moldavian snakehead essential oil are citral, α-terpineol and linalool. Flavonoids are represented by luteolin, apigenin, cinaroside, quercetin, dihydroquercetin and hesperidin. Phenolic acids - chlorogenic, coffee, ferulic, cinnamon, chicorye and gallic acids. Polysaccharides are represented by neutral sugars (glucose, fructose, arabinose, xylose, galactose, ramnose) and uronic acids (galacturonic and glucuronic acids). Substances of iridoid nature are represented by harpagide, peoniflorin and harpagide acetate, organic acids by citric, malic, tartaric and oxalic acids, and triterpene compounds by oleanolic and ursolic acids. Of the amino acids, aspartic, glutamic acid and leucine predominate. It has antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity.

76. Juniper (Juniperus communis L.); synonyms: common juniper, juniper, Yalovets, genevier, backout, juniper. Essential oil was found in the composition of this component, the main components of which are terpenoids (α-pinene, cadinene, camphene, α-terpinene, dipentene, sabinen, borneol, isobornoleol, α-fellandren, juniper camphor, etc.), as well as sugars, resins, organic acids (formic, acetic and malic), flavonoids, pectins (pentosans), vitamin C, coloring matter (uniperin), fatty oil, wax and trace elements (manganese, iron, copper and aluminum). Podophyllotoxin, which has strong anticarcinogenic properties, has been isolated from the fruits of juniper. The needles also contain vitamin C. Juniper bark also contains essential oil and tannins (up to 8%), and the wood contains diterpenic alcohols (ferruginol and sigiol). They have an effective diuretic effect, as well as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

77. Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.); synonyms: peppermint, cold peppermint, chilly. Menthol and its esters were found in this component. Also in the essential oil contains β-pinene, limonene, cineole, dipentene, pulegon and other terpenoids. Inflorescence oil also contains menthol, α-pinene, β-pinene, mentofuran, pulegon, sabinenhydrate, and perin acid. In addition, the leaves contain organic acids, tannins, flavonoids, carotene, betaine, hesperidin, ursulic and oleanolic acids. It has a mild sedative, some choleretic, moderate antispasmodic, antiseptic and analgesic effect, and also have a reflex coronary expansion effect.

78. Curly mint (Mentha crispa L.) synonyms: German mint, curly mint, meadow mint. As part of this component, an essential oil was found that contains linalool, carvone, limonene, cineole, citral, and pulegon. Peppermint essential oil is used in the pharmaceutical industry. Leaves, rich in various useful substances, are boiled and used in folk medicine to relieve pain from bruises, for therapeutic baths, and also as a sedative.

79. Spiced mint or elsgoltius (Elsholtzia patrini Lepech., E. cristata Willd.); synonyms: comb shandra, spicy hyssop. As a part of this component, mono- and sesquiterpenoids were found, among which limonene, camphor, nerol, alpha and beta-pinene and geraniol, tannins, benzene and benzene derivatives, steroids, ursulic, coffee and tormanol acids, thymol, eugenol, choline can be noted. , catechin, vitamin C, fatty acids, fatty and essential oils. It has antibacterial, antimycotic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects, has astringent, diuretic, carminative and antipyretic properties.

80. Apple mint (Mentha rotundifolia L.); synonyms: round mint, Egyptian mint, golden mint, wild balm, confectionery mint. Essential oil was found in the composition of this component, the basis of which is menthol and other esters - cineole, pulegon, limonene and various terpenes, organic acids and flavonoids, tannins and bitterness, carotene, trace elements - manganese, copper. It has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic effects.

81. Common wormwood (Artemisia vulgaris L.); synonyms: Chernobyl, Chernobyl, simple wormwood. Essential oil, flavonoids, tannins, carotene, lignans, organic acids, ascorbic acid, bitter lactones: absintin and anabsintin, substances of coumarin nature (esculin, umbelliferone, coumarin) were found in this component. It enhances the secretion of gastric juice, increases appetite, improves digestion, and has choleretic properties.

82. Roman wormwood (Artemisia pontica L.); synonyms: Alexandrian wormwood, Pontic wormwood, Black Sea wormwood, Pontic absinthe, white wormwood, brown grass, narrow-leaved wormwood, Lesser wormwood. As part of this component, an essential oil was found that contains α-thujone, β-thujone, thujol, thuyl acetate, chamazulen. It is used as a natural substitute for wormwood essential oil.

83. Paniculate wormwood (Artemisia procera Willd.); Synonyms: kurovnik, shoreline, brazinger, chiliga. As part of this component, an essential oil was found that contains methylheptenone, camphor, butyric acid. It is used as a natural substitute for wormwood essential oil.

84. Lemon wormwood (Artemisia abrotanum L.); Synonyms: God's tree. As part of this component, an essential oil was found that contains α-pinene, citral, camphene, borneol, camphor, cadinene, phenols. It is used as a natural substitute for wormwood essential oil.

85. Alpine wormwood (Artemisia mutellina Lam.). As part of this component, an essential oil was found that contains 1,8-cineole, α-thujone, β-thujone, thuyl alcohol, thuyl acetate. It is used as a natural substitute for wormwood essential oil.

86. Fragrant rue (Ruta graveolens L.). Alkaloids, essential oil, flavocolrutin, furonumarin, furocoumarins, xanthoxin, rutin, coumarin, umbelliferone, bergapten, flavonoids - rutin, quercetin, as well as organic acids (malic, valerian), vitamin C, bitterness and tar are found in this component. It has anticonvulsant, diuretic, hemostatic, estrogenic properties, and also enhance uterine contraction, stimulate appetite.

87. Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.); synonyms: thyme ordinary, thyme fragrant, thyme, incense, incense, thyme. Essential oil was found in this component; ursolic, thymic (saponin), oleanic, chlorogenic, coffee, quinic acid, resins, flavonoids, tannins. It has expectorant properties.

88. Caraway seeds (Carum carvi L.); Synonyms: cumin, caraway seeds. Essential oil was found in the composition of this component, the main components of which are d-carvone, d-limonene, carvacrol, dihydrocarvone, dihydrocarveole. In addition, the fruits are rich in fatty oil, it contains: fatty acids (butyric, linoleic, palmitic, stearic, linolenic), phytosterols (sitosterol), triterpenoids, flavonoids (quercetin, campferol), tannic and protein substances, phenol carboxylic acids, coumarins , waxes, resins and mineral salts (accumulate selenium). It has antiseptic, analgesic, choleretic, sedative properties, stimulates the secretion of digestive glands, promotes secretion of sputum from the bronchi in case of respiratory tract disease, has an antispasmodic effect, relaxes smooth muscles of the internal organs, increases the excretion of milk in lactating women and promotes urination during edema.

89. garden dill (Anethum graveolens L.); synonyms: koper, dac, crop, shivit, sew, summit, kama, til. As part of this component, an essential oil consisting of α-carvone, dillapiol, fellandren, α-limonene, β-pinene, myristicin was found. Coumarins, phenolcarboxylic acids (chlorogenic, caffeic), flavonoid vicenin, wax, resins, protein, nitrogenous substances, and fiber are also found in fruits. Dill seeds contain a fatty oil, which consists of glycerides of fatty acids, including palmitic, petroselinic, linoleic, oleic. It has choleretic, diuretic and anesthetic properties.

90. Fenugreek or fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.); synonyms: fenum Greek, fenigrekov grass, Greek hay, Greek goat shamrock, Greek nomad, cocked hat, camel grass. Trigonelline alkaloid, nicotinic acid (vitamin PP), folic acid, rutin, steroid saponins and phytosterols (diosgenin, Yamogenin, Gitogenin, tigogenin and glycosides Dioscinum and Yamoscin), flavonoids, mucous and bitter essential substances were found in this component oil, proteins, tannins, vitamins (C, B ₁ , B ₂ ), phosphorus, iron, potassium, magnesium, calcium, arsenic. Stimulates digestion, improves appetite, metabolism.

91. Savory (Satureja hortensis L.); Synonyms: Savory garden, Savory summer, Cheber, chobr, sheber. As part of this component, α-thujen, α-pinene, camphene, sabinene + octenol-3, β-pinene, myrcene + octanol-3, α-fellandren, Δ3-karen, α-terpinene, para-cymene, 1.8 were found -cineole, trans-β-octimene, γ-terpinene, cis-sabinine hydrate, linalool, camphor, borneol, terpinene-4-ol, α-terpineol, thymol, carvacrol. It is used as an antibacterial and anthelmintic agent.

92. Winter savory (Satureja montana L.); synonyms: perennial savory, alpine savory, mountain savory. As part of this component, α-thujen, α-pinene, camphene, sabinene + octenol-3, β-pinene, myrcene + octanol-3, α-fellandren, Δ3-karen, α-terpinene, para-cymene, 1.8 were found -cineole, trans-β-octimene, γ-terpinene, cis-sabinine hydrate, linalool, camphor, borneol, terpinene-4-ol, α-terpineol, thymol, carvacrol. On the basis of mountain savory oil create flavors that simulate the smell of allspice and black pepper.

93. Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.); synonyms: creeping thyme, Bogorodskaya grass, lemon darling, pine forest pepper, muhopal, matzerzhanka, zhadolbnik. As part of this component, essential oil was found with a predominance of phenols - thymol and liquid carvacrol. In small amounts, cymol, borneol, terpinene, terpineol are found in essential oil. The plant also found tannins, ursolic, coffee, chlorogenic and oleanolic acids, flavonoids, gum, bitterness. It is used as part of the complex treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract (tracheitis, bronchitis, laryngitis, bronchopneumonia), topically for rinsing with inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity and pharynx (pharyngitis, tonsillitis, stomatitis, gingivitis).

94. Sowing nigella (Nigella sativa L.); synonyms: chernukha, black caraway seeds, matzok, nigella, Roman coriander. The composition of this component contains fatty oil, essential oil (melantin glycoside, alkaloid damastsein, steroids, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, lipase enzyme. Essential oil contains melantol. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, including omega-9 and omega-6 are found in the oil , 15 amino acids, in particular arginine, phospholipids, B vitamins, vitamin C, D, phytosterols (campesterol, beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, tannins, flavonoids, carotenoids, mono- and polysaccharides, enzymes, alkaloids, triterpene saponins. they are used for therapeutic purposes in diseases of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.

95. Salvia officinalis (Salvia officinalis L.); synonyms: shawli, salvia. Essential oil was found in the composition of this component, the components of which are cineol (up to 15%), linalool, α- and β-pinene, borneol and its acetate, thujone, linalyl acetate and other terpene compounds. It has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

96. Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.); synonyms: wormwood tarragon, dragoon-grass, tarragon, tarragon. As part of this component, carotene, essential oil, alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, resins, bitterness, vitamins A, B ₁ , B ₂ and C. were found. It has anti-inflammatory, wound healing, diuretic, antispasmodic, tonic, general strengthening, healing, carminative soothing and anthelmintic action.

97. Ginseng (Panax L.); synonyms: root of life. Ginseng root contains saponin glycosides-ginsenosides, essential and fatty oils, sterols, peptides, vitamins and minerals. It has a stimulating effect on the nervous system, increases blood pressure, mental and physical performance. Reduces cholesterol and glucose in the blood, activates the adrenal glands.

98. Zest (orange and / or lemon, and / or orange, tangerine, and / or grapefruit). One of the main components of the zest is fiber, carotene, vitamin C folic acid, calcium, magnesium and potassium. The content of these substances determines the antimicrobial properties of the zest, as well as a favorable activating effect on the immune system. Helps lower the level of cholesterol in the blood.

Production technology. Salt (table, sea, lake) is crushed to a particle size of not more than 1.0 mm, sieved and subjected to inspection (visual inspection).

Starch-containing raw materials (native (potato, corn, tapioca, wheat, rice, pea, chickpea, rye, triticale, barley, oat, buckwheat, amaranth) starch, amylopectin starch, amylose starch, acidified, acidic, modified acid cross-linked) starch, dextrin, flour, mashed potatoes) being a structure-forming and binding ingredient, it is subjected to grinding on a hammer mill to a particle size of 0.5-2.0 mm, followed by sifting through inspection and inspection as a result of visual inspection.

Enriching ingredients (tea, ground coffee, asafoetida, star anise, vanilla, cloves, ginger, galangal, cardamom, cinnamon, turmeric, laurel, nutmeg, nutmeg, black pepper, white pepper, cubeb pepper, long pepper, African pepper, pepper chilli, cayenne pepper, bird pepper, flower bed, Jamaican pepper, Japanese pepper, malaguette, rosemary, saffron, onion, multi-tiered onion, shallot, leek, batun, chives, mangir, Altai onion, Pskem onion, garlic , wild garlic, bulb, garlic, garlic mushroom, parsley, parsnip, celery, fennel , horseradish, azhgon, calamus, anise, basil, black mustard, sarepta mustard, white mustard, gravilat, sweet clover, oregano, angelica, hyssop, calufer, chervil, chervil spanish, cumin, color, coriander, watercress, bitter watercress, meadow cress, garden cress, capuchin cress, lavender, lovage, marjoram, lemon balm, Moldavian snakehead, juniper, peppermint, curly mint, spicy mint, apple mint, common wormwood, Roman wormwood, paniculate wormwood, lemon wormwood, lemon wormwood, aromatic root, thyme, caraway seeds, garden dill, fenugreek, cha Ep, winter savory, thyme, sowing Chernoka, medicinal sage, tarragon, ginseng, zest (orange and / or lemon, and / or orange, tangerine, and / or grapefruit)) are dried to a moisture content of 7-8% in a drying unit, crushed in the grinder to a particle size of 0.3-1.9 mm, sieved through a sieve with a size of 0.8-2.0 mm and subjected to visual inspection.

All components are stored in sealed containers.

The components are dosed in accordance with the recipe and sent to the mixer, where they are mixed for 2-4 minutes. The amount of salt should be at least 50% of the total weight of the mixture.

The mixture of components is passed through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The mixture of components is fed into a single or twin screw extruder.

Single or multiple extrusion processing of the mixture is carried out at a working temperature of 100-200 ° C, a rotational speed of the working screws of 70-95 min ^-1 , the diameter of the die used is 1-6 mm, with / without additional water supply, and also the rotational speed of the metering screw 90-95 min ^-1 and a rotational speed of the cutting device of 80-85 min ^-1 .

Extrusion (from late Lat. Extrusio - ejection) - the technology of obtaining products by forcing the melt of the material through the forming hole.

Extruders of various designs are the main technological equipment for the processing of starch and other starch-containing raw materials by extrusion. The extruder, as a rule, consists of a housing with heating elements; working body (screw (Archimedes screw), disk, piston) located in the housing; download unit of processed material; power drive; systems for setting and maintaining the temperature regime, other instrumentation and control devices. According to the type of the main working body (s), the extruders are divided into single, double or multi-screw (worm), disk, piston (plunger), etc. Twin screw extruders, depending on the configuration of the screws, can be parallel or conical. Depending on the direction of rotation - with co-directional or anti-directional rotation of the screws.

During the extrusion process, the prepared initial starch-containing raw material in the form of granules or powder from the hopper through the loading hole enters the screw, which moves it along the body. During this process, the raw material passes from a dispersed bulk state into an elastic-viscous-plastic mass. These transformations occur when exposed to raw materials, with the required amount of moisture (20%), high temperatures (up to 200 ° C) and pressure (up to 25 MPa). The product, being compressed, is heated due to the forces of friction of particles on the surface of rotating working bodies and shear deformation in the product itself, as well as due to additional regulation of heating from an external heat source. The resulting mass is moved by a screw to the matrix and, at a certain pressure, is pressed out through its openings. The pressure is largely due to the size of the holes of the matrix and structural and mechanical properties of the treated mass. After the product leaves the matrix holes as a result of a sharp drop in temperature and pressure, moisture instantly evaporates, the energy accumulated by the product is released. The extrudate increases in volume, a large number of pores of different shapes and sizes appear on it, the walls of which are dried starch paste films.

As a result of the extrusion of a mixture of starch-containing raw materials with salt and various enriching ingredients, salt and enriching ingredients are destroyed, gelatinization of starch is completely carried out, salt crystals and plant cells of enriching ingredients are destroyed, salt particles and enriching ingredients are included in the starch paste film (encapsulation). In this case, salt also acts as an abrasive material and enhances the destruction of plant cells of enriching ingredients.

In FIG. 1. shows starch paste not crushed extruded potato starch.

The extrudate is crushed on a hammer mill and metal-magnetic separation is carried out as a result of passing through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The finished product - the obtained biologically active salt is Packed, packaged and transported to a warehouse or sold to the consumer.

The following are examples of specific embodiments of the invention:

Example 1. Salt biologically active "Salt of life - A and Ω"

Starch-containing raw materials (native potato starch) are crushed on a hammer mill to a particle size of 0.5-2.0 mm.

Enriching ingredient (a mixture of green tea, black tea, ground coffee, asafoetida, star anise, vanilla, cloves, ginger, galangal, cardamom, cinnamon, turmeric, laurel, nutmeg, nutmeg, black pepper, white pepper, cubeba pepper, long pepper , African pepper, chilli pepper, cayenne pepper, bird pepper, kumba, Jamaican pepper, Japanese pepper, malaghetta, rosemary, saffron, onion, multi-tier onion, shallot, leek, onion, batun, chives, mangira, alga , Pskem onion, garlic, wild garlic, flasks , garlic, garlic mushroom, parsley, parsnip, celery, fennel, horseradish, azhgon, calamus, anise, basil, black mustard, sarepta mustard, white mustard, gravilate, sweet clover, oregano, angelica, hyssop, calufer, chervil, chervil, chervil , cumin, coluria, coriander, watercress, bitter watercress, meadow cress, garden cress, capuchin cress, lavender, lovage, marjoram, lemon balm, Moldavian damselfly, juniper, peppermint, spearmint, peppermint, peppermint, mint , Roman wormwood, wormwood wormwood cucumbers, lemon wormwood, alpine wormwood, allspice, thyme, caraway seeds, garden fennel, fenugreek, savory, winter savory, thyme, black cherries, medicinal sage, tarragon, ginseng, orange peel, lemon peel, zest, orange peel, peel grapefruit taken in equal amounts) is dried to a moisture content of 7-8%, crushed to a particle size of 0.3-1.9 mm, sieved through a sieve with a size of 0.8-2.0 mm and subjected to visual inspection.

Sea salt is crushed to a particle size of not more than 1.0 mm, sieved and subjected to inspection (visual inspection).

To obtain a biologically active salt, starch-containing raw materials are mixed, enriching ingredient and salt in the following ratio, mass. %:

- starch-containing raw materials thirty; - enriching ingredient 20; - sea salt fifty.

Mixing of the components is carried out in a mixer for 2-4 minutes. The mixture of components is passed through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The mixture is subjected to a single extrusion treatment at a working temperature of 100 ° C, a rotational speed of the working screws of 70 min ^-1 , the diameter of the die used is 1 mm, without additional water supply, as well as a rotational speed of the metering screw of 90 min ^-1 and a rotational speed of the cutting device of 80 min ^-1 .

The extrudate is crushed on a hammer mill and metal-magnetic separation is carried out as a result, they are passed through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s) and fed to the packaging and packaging.

The finished product - the obtained biologically active salt is Packed, packaged and transported to a warehouse or sold to the consumer.

Example 2. Salt biologically active "Salt of life - A and Ω"

Starch-containing raw materials (native (potato, corn, tapioca, wheat, rice, pea, chickpea, rye, triticale, barley, oat, buckwheat, amaranth) starch taken in equal amounts) is crushed on a hammer mill to a particle size of 0.5-2 , 0 mm.

Salt (table) is crushed to a particle size of not more than 1.0 mm, sieved and subjected to inspection (visual inspection).

The enriching ingredient (a mixture of common wormwood, Roman wormwood, panicle wormwood, lemon wormwood, alpine wormwood in a ratio of 4: 1: 1: 1: 1) is dried to a moisture content of 7-8%, crushed to a particle size of 0.3-1.9 mm sieved through a sieve with a size of 0.8-2.0 mm and subjected to visual inspection.

To obtain a biologically active salt, starch-containing raw materials are mixed, enriching ingredient and salt in the following ratio, mass. %:

- starch-containing raw materials thirty; - enriching ingredient fifteen; - table salt 55.

Mixing of the components is carried out in a mixer for 2-4 minutes. The mixture of components is passed through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The mixture is subjected to a single extrusion treatment at a working temperature of 140 ° C, a rotational speed of the working screws of 70-95 min ^-1 , the diameter of the die used is 3 mm, with an additional supply of water, as well as a rotational speed of the metering screw 93 min ^-1 and a rotational speed of the cutting device 83 min ^-1 .

The extrudate is crushed on a hammer mill and metal-magnetic separation is carried out as a result of passing through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The finished product - the obtained biologically active salt is Packed, packaged and transported to a warehouse or sold to the consumer.

Example 3. Salt biologically active "Salt of life - A and Ω"

Starch-containing raw materials (native (potato, corn, tapioca, wheat, rice, pea, chickpea, rye, triticale, barley, oat, buckwheat, amaranth) starch, amylopectin starch, amylose hydrochloride, chemically modified, chemically modified acid ( acetate, cross-linked) starch, dextrin, flour, mashed potatoes in equal quantities) are crushed on a hammer mill to a particle size of 0.5-2.0 mm.

Lake salt (Dead Sea salt) is crushed to a particle size of not more than 1.0 mm, sieved and subjected to inspection (visual inspection).

Enriching ingredient (a mixture of black pepper, white pepper, cubeba pepper, long pepper, African pepper, capsicum pepper, cayenne pepper, bird pepper, kumba, Jamaican pepper, Japanese pepper in a ratio of 1: 1: 2: 1: 1: 1: 1 : 1: 3: 1: 1) dried to a moisture content of 7-8%, crushed to a particle size of 0.3-1.9 mm, sieved through a sieve with a size of 0.8-2.0 mm and subjected to visual inspection.

To obtain a biologically active salt, starch-containing raw materials are mixed, enriching ingredient and salt in the following ratio, mass. %:

- starch-containing raw materials 20; - enriching ingredient 20; - lake salt (Dead Sea salt) 60.

Mixing of the components is carried out in a mixer for 2-4 minutes. The mixture of components is passed through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The mixture is subjected to a single extrusion treatment at a working temperature of 200 ° C, a rotational speed of the working screws of 70 min ^-1 , the diameter of the die used is 6 mm, without additional water supply, as well as a rotational speed of the metering screw of 95 min ^-1 and a rotational speed of the cutting device of 85 min ^-1 .

The extrudate is crushed on a hammer mill and metal-magnetic separation is carried out as a result of passing through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The finished product - the obtained biologically active salt is Packed, packaged and transported to a warehouse or sold to the consumer.

Example 4. Salt biologically active "Salt of life - A and Ω"

Starch-containing raw materials (chemical modified (oxidized, acid-hydrolyzed, phosphate, acetate, cross-linked) starch, dextrin, taken in equal amounts) are crushed on a hammer mill to a particle size of 0.5-2.0 mm.

Lake salt (table, sea and lake: salt of the "Caspian Sea" in a ratio of 1: 2: 1) is crushed to a particle size of not more than 1.0 mm, sieved and subjected to inspection (visual inspection).

The enriching ingredient (juniper) is dried to a moisture content of 7-8%, crushed to a particle size of 0.3-1.9 mm, sieved through a sieve with a size of 0.8-2.0 mm and subjected to visual inspection.

To obtain a biologically active salt, starch-containing raw materials are mixed, enriching ingredient and salt in the following ratio, mass. %:

- starch-containing raw materials 20; - enriching ingredient 10; - salt 70.

Mixing of the components is carried out in a mixer for 2-4 minutes. The mixture of components is passed through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The mixture is subjected to a single extrusion treatment at a working temperature of 170 ° C, a rotational speed of the working screws of 87 min ^-1 , the diameter of the die used is 5 mm, with / without additional water supply, as well as a rotational speed of the metering screw of 93 min ^-1 and a rotational speed of the cutting device 80 min ^-1 .

The extrudate is crushed on a hammer mill and metal-magnetic separation is carried out as a result of passing through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The finished product - the obtained biologically active salt is Packed, packaged and transported to a warehouse or sold to the consumer.

Example 5. Salt biologically active "Salt of life - A and Ω"

Starch-containing raw materials (native (potato, corn, tapioca, wheat, rice, pea, chickpea, rye, triticale, barley, oat, buckwheat, amaranth) starch, amylopectin starch, amylose starch, acidified, acidic, modified acid cross-linked) starch, dextrin, flour, mashed potatoes, taken in equal quantities) are ground on a hammer mill to a particle size of 0.5-2.0 mm.

Enriching ingredient (a mixture of green tea, black tea, ground coffee, asafoetida, star anise, vanilla, cloves, ginger, galangal, cardamom, cinnamon, turmeric, laurel, nutmeg, nutmeg, black pepper, white pepper, cubeba pepper, long pepper , African pepper, chilli pepper, cayenne pepper, bird pepper, kumba, Jamaican pepper, Japanese pepper, malaghetta, rosemary, saffron, onion, multi-tier onion, shallot, leek, onion, batun, chives, mangira, alga , Pskem onion, garlic, wild garlic, flasks , garlic, garlic mushroom, parsley, parsnip, celery, fennel, horseradish, azhgon, calamus, anise, basil, black mustard, sarepta mustard, white mustard, gravilate, sweet clover, oregano, angelica, hyssop, calufer, chervil, chervil, chervil , cumin, coluria, coriander, watercress, bitter watercress, meadow cress, garden cress, capuchin cress, lavender, lovage, marjoram, lemon balm, Moldavian damselfly, juniper, peppermint, spearmint, peppermint, peppermint, mint , Roman wormwood, wormwood wormwood cucumbers, lemon wormwood, alpine wormwood, allspice, thyme, caraway seeds, garden fennel, fenugreek, savory, winter savory, thyme, black cherries, medicinal sage, tarragon, ginseng, orange peel, lemon peel, zest, orange peel, peel grapefruit taken in equal amounts) is dried to a moisture content of 7-8%, crushed to a particle size of 0.3-1.9 mm, sieved through a sieve with a size of 0.8-2.0 mm and subjected to visual inspection.

, «Булухта», «Ван», «Ванда», «Гус», «Гаэтель», «Джама», «Дон-Жуан», «Дус-Холь (Тандинский кожуун)», «Дус-Холь (Тес-Хемский кожуун)», «Дус-Холь (Эрзинский кожуун)», «Жаксыкылыш», «Жетыколь», «Иссык-Куль», «Итишпес», «Йоа», «Как-Холь», «Камышловский лог», «Карасор», «Карачи», «Кара-Богаз-Гол», «Каспийское море», «Кёк-Хак», «Козинка», «Койпаса», «Колтан-Нур», «Коряковка», «Крутянское», «Кукунор», «Кунигунда», «Кучукское», «Кущеватое», «Куяльницкий лиман», «Лагуна-Верде (Потоси)», «Лагуна-Колорадо», «Лагуна-Селесте», «Магади», «Малиновое», «Малое Яшалтинское», «Малый Маныч», «Мамай», «Маныч», «Маныч-Гудило», «Медвежье», «Медуз», «Мёртвое море», «Моготоево», «Накуру», «Натрон», «Нерпичье», «Подводное соляное», «Поопо», «Развал», «Ретба», «Сарыкопа», «Сасык», «Саумалколь (Акмолинская область)», «Саумалколь (Каршигалинский сельский округ)», «Саумалколь (Нуринский район)», «Саумалколь (Северо-Казахстанская область)», «Саумалколь (Шарыктинский сельский округ)», «Силетытениз», «Солёное (у Донской Балки)», «Солёное (у Солёного Озера)», «Солёное (Краснодарский край)», «Солёное (Кяхтинский район)», «Солёное (Ростовская область)», «Солёное (Селенгинский район)», «Солонец-Тузлы», «Солотвинские озера», «Солтон-Си», «Тамбукан», «Теке», «Тенгиз», «Тетис», «Тудакуль», «Туз», «Тузкан», «Тузлучное», «Тус», «Убсу-Нур», «Улугшуркуль», «Ульжай», «Улюнь», «Уолкер», «Урмия», «Хаджибейский лиман», «Хадын», «Ханское», «Хяргас-Нуур», «Цанхак», «Царык», «Чабьер-Цака», «Чедер», «Чикирля», «Шалкар-Карашатау», «Шалкартениз», «Шамеля», «Шара-Hyp», «Шира», «Шотт-эль-Ходна», «Шубартениз», «Эбейты», «Эль-Гарса», «Эль-Джерид», «Эль-Мильх», «Эль-Хаббания», «Эльки-Гернама», «Эльтон», «Эрчек», взятых в равных количествах), взятых в равных количествах) измельчают до размеров частиц не более 1,0 мм просеивают и подвергают инспекции (визуальному контролю).Salt (table, sea and lake salt (salt: “Adzhigyol”, “Aydarkul”, “Akush”, “Alakol”, “Alakul”, “Aral Sea”, “Arnasay” lake system, “Assal”, “Balkhash”, “ Baskunchak ”,“ Bele ”,“ Boyuk-Shor ”,“ Bogoria ”,“ Big Yarovoye ”,“ Big Yashaltinskoe ”,“ Big Liman ”,“ Botkul ”,

, “Bulukhta”, “Van”, “Wanda”, “Gus”, “Gaetel”, “Jama”, “Don-Juan”, “Dus-Khol (Tandinsky kozhuun)”, “Dus-Khol (Tes-Khem kozhun ) ”,“ Dus-Khol (Erzinsky kozhuun) ”,“ Zhaksykylysh ”,“ Zhetykol ”,“ Issyk-Kul ”,“ Itishpes ”,“ Yoa ”,“ Kak-Khol ”,“ Kamyshlovsky log ”,“ Karasor ”, Karachi, Kara-Bogaz-Gol, Caspian Sea, Kek-Khak, Kozinka, Koipasa, Koltan-Nur, Koryakovka, Krutyanskoye, Kukunor, Kukunor Kunigunda ”,“ Kuchukskoye ”,“ Kushchevatoe ”,“ Kuyalnitsky estuary ”,“ Laguna Verde (Potosi) ”,“ Laguna-Colorado ”,“ Laguna-Celeste ”,“ Magadi ”,“ Raspberry ”,“ Small Yashalt ” nonskoe ”,“ Small Manych ”,“ Mamai ”,“ Manych ”,“ Manych-Gudilo ”,“ Bear ”,“ Medusa ”,“ Dead Sea ”,“ Mogotoevo ”,“ Nakuru ”,“ Natron ”,“ Nerpichye ” , “Underwater salt”, “Poopo”, “Disintegration”, “Retba”, “Sarykop”, “Sasyk”, “Saumalkol (Akmola region)”, “Saumalkol (Karshigalinsky rural district)”, “Saumalkol (Nurinsky district)” , “Saumalkol (North-Kazakhstan region)”, “Saumalkol (Sharyktinsky rural district)”, “Siletteniz”, “Salty (near the Don Beam)”, “Salty (near the Salt Lake)”, “Salty (Krasnodar Territory)”, “Salty (Kyakhtinsky district)”, “C Olene (Rostov Region) ”,“ Salty (Selenginsky District) ”,“ Solonets-Tuzly ”,“ Solotvinsky Lakes ”,“ Solton-Sea ”,“ Tambukan ”,“ Teke ”,“ Tengiz ”,“ Tetis ”,“ Tudakul ” "," Ace "," Tuzkan "," Tuzluchnoe "," Tus "," Ubsu-Nur "," Ulugshurkul "," Ulzhay "," Ulyun "," Walker "," Urmia "," Hadzhibey estuary "," Khadyn ”,“ Khanskoye ”,“ Khargas-Nuur ”,“ Tsanhak ”,“ Tsaryk ”,“ Chabier-Tsaka ”,“ Cheder ”,“ Chikirla ”,“ Shalkar-Karashatau ”,“ Shalkarteniz ”,“ Shamelya ”,“ Shara-Hyp ”,“ Shira ”,“ Shott-el-Hodna ”,“ Shubarteniz ”,“ Ebeyty ”,“ El-Garza ”,“ El-Jerid ”,“ El-Milkh ”,“ Al-Habbaniya ”,“ Elki Gernam "," Elton "," Lake Erçek "made in equal amounts) taken in equal amounts) was ground to a particle size of not more than 1.0 mm are sieved and are subjected to inspection (visual inspection).

To obtain a biologically active salt, starch-containing raw materials are mixed, enriching ingredient and salt in the following ratio, mass. %:

- starch-containing raw materials fifteen; - enriching ingredient 10; - salt 75.

Mixing of the components is carried out in a mixer for 2-4 minutes. The mixture of components is passed through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The mixture is subjected to a single extrusion treatment at a working temperature of 100 ° C, a rotational speed of the working screws of 70 min ^-1 , the diameter of the die used is 3 mm, with / without additional water supply, as well as a rotational speed of the metering screw of 82 min ^-1 and a rotational speed of the cutting device 81 min ^-1 .

The extrudate is crushed on a hammer mill and metal-magnetic separation is carried out as a result of passing through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The finished product - the obtained biologically active salt is Packed, packaged and transported to a warehouse or sold to the consumer.

Example 6. Salt biologically active "Salt of life - A and Ω"

Starch-containing raw materials (native corn starch) are crushed on a hammer mill to a particle size of 0.5-2.0 mm.

The enriching ingredient (coriander) is dried to a moisture content of 7-8%, crushed to a particle size of 0.3-1.9 mm, sieved through a sieve with a size of 0.8-2.0 mm and subjected to visual inspection.

Lake salt ("Aral Sea") is crushed to a particle size of not more than 1.0 mm, sieved and subjected to inspection (visual inspection).

To obtain a biologically active salt, starch-containing raw materials are mixed, enriching ingredient and salt in the following ratio, mass. %:

- starch-containing raw materials 35; - enriching ingredient fifteen; - salt fifty.

Mixing of the components is carried out in a mixer for 2-4 minutes. The mixture of components is passed through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The mixture is subjected to a single extrusion treatment at a working temperature of 101 ° C, a rotational speed of the working screws of 75 min ^-1 , the diameter of the die used is 2 mm, with / without additional water supply, as well as a rotational speed of the metering screw of 83 min ^-1 and a rotational speed of the cutting device 85 min ^-1 .

The extrudate is crushed on a hammer mill and metal-magnetic separation is carried out as a result of passing through a magnetic column with permanent magnets (layer thickness 6-8 mm, speed no more than 0.5 m / s).

The finished product - the obtained biologically active salt is Packed, packaged and transported to a warehouse or sold to the consumer.

Thus, the proposed method for the production of biologically active salt by introducing various enriching additives will allow to regulate the protein-carbohydrate-vitamin-mineral status of the finished product and, as a result, to obtain a diverse range of salts, characterized by high nutritional and biological value, as well as having good organoleptic properties, which can be successfully used in food, pharmaceutical industry and cosmetology.

Sources of information

1. RF patent No. 2286071, cl. A23L 1/237, publ. 10/27/2006 in bull. No. 30.

2. RF patent No. 1797474, cl. A23L 1/237, publ. 02/23/1993.

3. EPP patent No. 291578, class. A23L 27/40, A23L 33/16, publ. 11/23/1988 in bull. No. 88/47.

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining a salt composition and an enriching ingredient, comprising mixing the components, characterized in that the starch-containing raw materials in the form of native and / or modified starch are mixed with salt from the table and / or sea and / or lake, as well as with one or more enriching ingredients, previously dried to a moisture content of 7-8% in a dryer, crushed in a grinder to a particle size of 0.3-1.9 mm, sifted through a sieve with sizes of 0.8-2.0 mm and selected from the group: tea, ground coffee, asafoetida , star anise, wa il, cloves, ginger, galangal, cardamom, cinnamon, turmeric, laurel, nutmeg, nutmeg, black pepper, white pepper, cubeba pepper, long pepper, African pepper, capsicum, cayenne pepper, bird pepper, kumba, Jamaican pepper , Japanese pepper, malaguette, rosemary, saffron, onion, multi-tiered onion, shallot, leek, onion batun, chives, mangir, Altai onion, Pskem onion, garlic, wild garlic, bulb, garlic, garlic mushroom, parsley, parsnip, celery, fennel, horseradish, azhgon, calamus, anise, basil, black mustard, sarepta mustard tsa, white mustard, gravilate, sweet clover blue, oregano, angelica, hyssop, calufer, chervil, chervil spanish, cumin, coluria, coriander, watercress, bitter cress, meadow cress, garden cress, capuchin cress, lavender, lovage, marjoram , lemon balm, Moldovan snakehead, juniper, peppermint, curly mint, spicy mint, apple mint, common wormwood, Roman wormwood, lemon wormwood, lemon wormwood, thyme wormwood, thyme, thyme, fennel, garden fennel, winter, thyme, Chernushka sowing, sage medicinal , tarragon, ginseng, zest, orange and / or lemon, and / or orange, tangerine, and / or grapefruit, mix starch-containing raw materials with salt and an enriching ingredient for 2-4 minutes, the resulting mixture is passed through a magnetic column with permanent magnets at a thickness a layer of 6-8 mm, a speed of not more than 0.5 m / s, carry out single or multiple extrusion processing using a single or twin screw extruder at a working temperature of 100-200 ° C, a rotational speed of working screws of 70-95 min ^-1 , diameter of the used die - 1- 6 mm, with an additional supply of water until the required moisture content of 20% is reached, as well as a rotational speed of the metering screw of 90-95 min ^-1 and a rotational speed of the cutting device of 80-85 min ^-1 , crushing and metal-magnetic separation are carried out; however, the amount of salt should be at least 50% of the total mass.

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