RU2708015C1 - Method for controlling solid-fuel boiler efficiency and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat engineering, in particular to design of hot-water boilers. Device for controlling capacity of boiler on solid fuel comprises hopper, located under bin bar drum grate, limiting bar above drum, motor with reduction gear, rod fixed on rotary-clamping mechanism installed on axis of drum grate, engine with reduction gear is connected with crank-and-rod mechanism, end of con-rod of which is made with possibility of periodic contact with rod at angle. Con-rod is made with possibility of adjustment of working stroke by screw with fixing nut.

EFFECT: technical result is higher stability of fuel supply, higher reliability, reduced weight of drum grate drive.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a power system, in particular to the design of the furnaces of hot water boilers.

The well-known "Heating apparatus for burning lumpy fuel, primarily to meet the heat demand of family houses and individual apartments or a small group of them" US 4368723 [1], containing a drum grate with openings for air exhaust and a drive unit with an electric motor and gearbox for providing very low shaft speeds. The amount of fuel supplied through the hopper and, consequently, the thickness of the fuel layer in the heating space, can be changed using the pressure plate used near the hopper.

A disadvantage of the known design is the difficulty in adjusting the boiler performance, due to the need to change the speed of continuous rotation of the shaft of the drum grate.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is "WATER BOILER" RU ПМ 106723 [2], which includes a hopper, a drum grate located under the hopper, a limit bar above the drum, an engine with a gearbox. Periodically, the drum moves, thereby introducing new portions of fuel into the combustion zone and solid residues of combustion are dumped from its opposite end into the ash pan.

The known solution allows to improve the regulation of the productivity of the boiler due to the periodic rotation of the drum grate.

A disadvantage of the known design is the instability of the fuel supply due to the inertia of the rotation drive mechanism of the drum grate. The instability of the fuel supply leads to a decrease in the reliability of the boiler as a whole. The disadvantage is the increased material consumption of the drum grate drive, due to the presence of a bulky metal-intensive gearbox.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is to increase the stability of fuel supply, increase reliability, reduce the mass of the drive of the drum grate.

The technical result is achieved in that the method for adjusting the performance of a solid fuel boiler, including a hopper located under the hopper drum grate and a restrictive bar above the drum grate in the lower part of the hopper by changing the amount of fuel supplied to the furnace by changing the rotational movement of the drum grate, is characterized by the fact that the step periodic rotational movement of the drum grate is set constant.

The step size of the rotational movement of the drum grate can be adjustable, which will more accurately regulate the performance of the boiler.

The lower edge of the heat exchanger can act as a restrictive bar, and the gap between the drum grate and the heat exchanger is controlled by changing the position of the shaft of the drum grate. In this embodiment, the limit bar is cooled, which leads to an increase in the durability of the device.

A device (for implementing the method for adjusting the performance of a solid fuel boiler according to Claim 1), comprising a hopper located under the hopper, a drum grate, a restrictive bar above the drum, an engine with a gearbox, characterized in that it comprises a rod mounted on a rotary-clamp mechanism mounted on the axis of the drum grate, the engine with the gearbox is connected to the crank mechanism, the end of the connecting rod of which is made with the possibility of periodic contact with the rod at an angle (close to straight) .

The connecting rod can be made with the possibility of adjusting the stroke with a screw with a fixing nut.

The drawing schematically shows a section of the proposed device, where:

1 - hopper;

2 - drum grate;

3 - restrictive bar;

4 - rod;

5 - rotary clamping mechanism;

6 - crank mechanism with engine and gear;

7 - a connecting rod with an adjusting screw.

The device operates as follows: Solid fuel, for example coal, is loaded into hopper 1 in any known manner. A drum grate 2 is located under the hopper. Above the drum grate, in the lower part of the hopper wall, on the side where the drum grate moves, there is a limit bar 3. The limit bar 3 can be performed, for example, with a heat sink, or the lower part can perform its functions metal heat exchanger. The gap between the restrictive bar and the drum grate determines the thickness of the fuel layer. A rotary clamping mechanism 5 is located on the axis of the drum grate 2, converting the oscillating movement of the rod 4 into a rotational discontinuous movement of the drum grate. A crank mechanism 6 with an engine and a gearbox drives a connecting rod 7 with an adjusting screw. The connecting rod 7 moves up and down the figure. The position of the screw determines the amount of rotation of the rod 4. When the screw is unscrewed the entire length of the connecting rod, the effective stroke of the connecting rod increases, the rod is in contact with the connecting rod for a longer time, the rod rotates a larger angle and, accordingly, the drum grate rotates a larger angle, increasing fuel supply. When tightening the screw, the rotation of the drum grate decreases in one stroke of the connecting rod, while the amount of fuel supplied decreases.

The technical result is an increase in the stability of the fuel supply, achieved by the fact that the rotation of the drum grate does not depend on the inertial parameters of the drive, but is determined by the ratio of the length of the rod and the stroke of the connecting rod. EFFECT: increased reliability and reduced mass of the drum grate drive is achieved by the fact that instead of a bulky gearbox, a rotary-clamping mechanism having a significantly lower mass is used, and a gearbox with a crank mechanism can have small weight and size characteristics and increased reliability due to a significant reduction in mechanical forces .

Industrial application. The invention can be successfully applied in the production and operation of solid fuel boilers with a rotary drum grate.

Claims (5)

1. A method of adjusting the performance of a solid fuel boiler, including a hopper located under the hopper, the drum grate and a restrictive bar above the drum grate in the lower part of the hopper by changing the supply of fuel to the furnace by changing the rotational movement of the drum grate, characterized in that the step of the periodic rotational movement of the drum grate is set constant. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step size of the rotational movement of the drum grate is adjustable. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower edge of the heat exchanger acts as a restrictive bar, and the gap between the drum grate and the heat exchanger is controlled by changing the position of the shaft of the drum grate. 4. A device for adjusting the performance of a solid fuel boiler, including a hopper located under the hopper, a drum grate, a restrictive bar above the drum, an engine with a gearbox, characterized in that it contains a rod mounted on a rotary-clamp mechanism mounted on the axis of the drum grate, an engine with a gearbox connected to a crank mechanism, the end of the connecting rod of which is made with the possibility of periodic contact with the rod at an angle. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the connecting rod is configured to adjust the stroke with a screw with a fixing nut.

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