RU2707675C1 - Method of organizing data storage on network nodes with data transmission between network nodes with predictable loading of network nodes for real-time systems - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: data processing and storage.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to arrangement of data storage on network nodes. Method and system for storing data on network nodes, in which on each computing device (CU) associated with the control object, setting the operation stroke, obtaining on the control object a set of real-time data, each cycle is stored in shared random access memory CU in an array of circular buffers, stored on the long-term memory device changed from the previous cycle of operation CU data, CU are combined into a computer network and are network nodes, real-time data of the last operation cycle of CU are transmitted to computer network from circular buffer arrays, simultaneously with receiving compressed data, receiving network node analyzing information obtained with such data on availability of compressed archive data on transmitting network node, and network node is compared with stored on receiving network node, and when detecting missing data, receiving network node sends UDP packet to sending network node with list of missing compressed archived data.

EFFECT: technical result is wider range of means.

27 cl, 8 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to the field of programming and electrical engineering, as well as to the field of organizing the storage and processing of data on network nodes, as well as the exchange of data between network nodes for various applications, including special applications.

BACKGROUND

The prior art method for organizing the storage of related data (see RU 2621628, published 06.06.2017), in which: combine records in at least one group by a similar criterion; assign an identifier to each of the above groups and each record in this group; forming a link of the group identifier with the address of its location on the storage device in such a way that moving the group on the storage device, as well as between the storage devices, does not change the value of the group identifier; forming a connection of the record identifier with the address of its location within the group on the storage device in such a way that moving the record on the storage device within the group does not change the record identifier; store records of one group on a storage device in adjacent areas.

The method and system of external data storage (RU2383952, published March 10, 2010), where the method of providing external data storage in a system including a primary data processing device having a primary data storage device and a processor configured to process active records in a processor and configured to store data belonging to active records in a primary data storage device; and a secondary data storage system available to the primary data processing device, wherein according to the method, the data belonging to the active record is stored in the primary data storage device and exporting this record by transferring at least a portion of the data belonging to this record to the secondary data storage system for storage, and the stage of exporting the record includes the stage at which accept at least one call initiated by an application program that uses data belonging to the mentioned record, by means of an application programming interface configured to send a portion of data to a secondary data storage system. A primary data processing device having a primary data storage device and a processor configured to process active records in a processor and configured to store data belonging to the active recording in a primary data storage device, wherein the processor is configured to: store in a primary data storage device data belonging to the active record, to receive at least one call initiated by an application using data belonging to this record, using an application programming interface configured to send a portion of data to a secondary data storage system to export a given record, and export said record by transferring at least a portion of the data belonging to this record to a secondary data storage system for storage. A primary data processing device having a primary data storage device and a processor configured to process active records in a processor and configured to store data belonging to the active record in a primary data storage device, wherein the processor is configured to: download data belonging to said record , from the secondary data storage system to the primary data storage device, to receive at least one call initiated by an application using data belonging to the record by an application programming interface configured to extract portions of data from the secondary data storage system, and importing said record by retrieving at least a piece of data belonging to a given record from the secondary data storage system. A primary data processing device having a primary data storage device and a processor configured to process active records in the processor and configured to store data belonging to the active record in the primary data storage device, wherein the processor is configured to: download data belonging to the active record , to the primary data storage device, export this record by transferring at least a portion of the data belonging to this record to the secondary system store data for storage, load the data belonging to the active record into the primary data storage device and save information reflecting the version count for the exported record, and increase the version count before exporting the record. A primary data processing device having a primary data storage device and a processor configured to process active records in a processor and configured to store data belonging to the active record in a primary data storage device, wherein the processor is configured to: retrieve from a secondary data storage system at least one data segment including data corresponding to at least an associated portion of the data portion to receive a data segment including yourself information reflecting the version score for the exported record, and compare the version score with the reference score of the version.

The prior art also knows the control of packet data transmission (see US7283474B1, publ. 16.10.2007), moreover, the system and method for transmitting packet data include transmitting data packets by the transmitter to the receiver via a connection through a network element, and the receiver confirms receipt of each received data packet confirming a message containing header data that contains the window size and the number of bytes transmitted, for which the transmitter did not receive a notification from the transmitter, which cannot receive data when oversizing the window, and also includes in the specified network element buffering data packets transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver and receiving a confirmation message from the receiver to the transmitter in the network element, and also includes determining transmission conditions containing buffering conditions for data packets in the specified network element, and modifying the field indicating the size of the window included in the confirmation message in accordance with the transmission conditions.

The prior art method and system for transmitting data (see RU2469482, publ. 10.12.2012), and the method of transmitting data in a data network includes: transmitting a data packet from the transmitter to the receiver, if the data packet is incorrectly received at the receiver, sending the request again transmitting from the receiver to the transmitter, after receiving a retransmission request at the transmitter, retransmitting the data packet from the transmitter to the receiver, after receiving at the transmitter a predetermined number of retransmission requests requesting retransmission of the data packet x, transmitting a predetermined number of duplicates of the data packet from the transmitter to the receiver, wherein the specified predetermined number of duplicates of the data packet includes at least two duplicates, wherein the specified predetermined number of duplicates of the data packet is determined based on a receiver characteristic indicating the maximum number of retransmitted data blocks that can be simultaneously processed by the receiver, and a system for transmitting data in a data network includes: means for transmitting a packet data from the transmitter to the receiver, means for transmitting a request for retransmission from the receiver to the transmitter if the data packet is incorrectly received at the receiver, means for retransmitting the data packet from the transmitter to the receiver after receiving the request for retransmission in the transmitter, means for transmitting a predetermined number of duplicates of the data packet from the transmitter to the receiver after receiving at the transmitter a predetermined number of retransmission requests requesting retransmission of the data packet, the specified predetermined The number of duplicates comprises at least two duplicates, wherein said means for determining said predetermined number of duplicate data packet to be transmitted based on the receiver performance indicating the maximum number of retransmitted data units that can be simultaneously processed by the receiver.

The disadvantages of the mentioned solutions are, at least, the lack of a task of the clock of the computing device (WU), equal periodicity of receiving data from the control object, saving on the computing device of the data sets received from the control objects in the shared RAM of the WU in an array of ring buffers, data updates in the ring buffer array, each clock cycle of the slave, saving on the device long-term memory data that has changed from the previous clock slave, saving with a period of one time several dozen clock cycles of the slave operation of all data at the end of the slave clock cycle, accumulation of data that changed from the previous slave clock cycle in an array of ring buffers in the slave RAM, real-time data transfer of the last slave cycle of the slave operation to the computer network from ring buffer arrays each cycle WU operation or less frequently, moreover, when transferring changed data, the transmission cycle is equal to the work cycle of the WU, and also when transmitting changed data once with a period of several tens of cycles of WU operation, if specified during configuration All data specified for transmission is transmitted, where the transmission of current data is carried out by packets of lower-level protocols that provide transmission without confirmation and without forming a communication channel, the packet being broadcast, multicast, or indicating a specific address of the receiving network node and one of the generalizing attributes: UDP port number of the TCP / IP stack or IPX socket of the IPX / SPX stack, and this attribute defines a virtual array of ring buffers and addresses in the transmitted packet are transferred to the virtual array to face buffers of the current data contained in the packet, and the transmitted packets are received by the network node on which the packet reception is set by configuration, and the real-time data that has changed from the previous clock cycle of the computing device, which were accumulated in the ring buffer array in RAM and compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms, after which they are stored on a long-term memory device, are also transferred to the computer network on the same clock by the protocol packets of the lower level, receiving and saving packets transmitted to the computer network with compressed archived data of another network node by the network node on the long-term memory device, and simultaneously with the reception of compressed data periodically sent from the transmitting network node, the receiving network node analyzes information received on such data about the presence of compressed archive data at the transmitting network node and the network node is compared with that stored on the receiving network node, and upon detection of missing data, the receiving network node sends UDP a packet to the sending host with a list of missing compressed archived data, and in response to the sending host along with periodically sent compressed archive data to the receiving host from which the request came, UDP packets with the requested missing data are sent uniformly distributed over several transmission periods .

The present invention allows to overcome at least part of the above disadvantages or all of these disadvantages, as well as realize the advantages of the present invention, as described in the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is intended to eliminate the above and other disadvantages of the prior art. The technical result is to increase the efficiency and reliability of data storage and processing on computing devices, including network nodes, as well as the exchange of data between computing devices integrated into a computer network in real time with predictable loading of network nodes, as well as reducing load on nodes networks during storage, processing, transmission and reception of data and to a computer network connecting network nodes during data exchange, including reducing the amount of data transmitted between nodes and networks processed by network nodes and stored on network nodes.

To achieve the indicated technical result, in a method for organizing data storage at network nodes with data transfer between network nodes with predictable loading of network nodes for real-time systems on each computing device associated with at least one control object, the clock cycle of the computing device is set, equal to the frequency of receiving data from the control object; receive at least one control object a real-time data set containing the measured values from the measuring transducers of the sensors of the parameters of the control object, and / or the values calculated on their basis, including bitwise packed into a separate byte - status byte - the results of the verification of the measured or calculated values and comparing them with thresholds - settings, and / or manually entered values and / or obtained in another known manner, and transmit such a set of received data, at least and one computing device; each cycle of the computing device operation saves the obtained data set on the computing device’s shared RAM in the array of ring buffers, the ring buffer array containing at least two sets of values, where the first set of values contains the data set received by the computing device for the last the clock cycle of the computing device, and the second set of values contains the set of data received by the computing device for the penultimate clock cycle you islitelnogo device, wherein the data in an array of circular buffers computing device updated each cycle of the computing device; they store on the long-term memory device the data contained in the obtained data set that has changed from the previous clock of the computing device, and with a period of several tens of clocks of the computing device, they save all the data at the end of the clock of the computing device, and also save manual operator input data and / or data calculated on the basis of real-time archive data stored in the RAM of the computing device and on the long-term device RAM memory, including targets for the future; the data mentioned above, which have changed from the previous clock of the computing device, are accumulated in an array of ring buffers in the RAM of the computing device, which, at the clock of the computing device, which stores all the data and including it, is compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms, including , but not limited to, algorithms for archiving data, and stored on the device long-term memory; at least one computing device is associated with at least one other computing device, and such computing devices are combined into a computer network and are network nodes; real-time data of the last cycle of the computing device’s operation are transmitted to the computer network by the computing device from arrays of ring buffers — current databases — each cycle of the computing device’s operation or less often, the data being transmitted are all or selected from the list, including those specified by the enumeration or range of numbers array, and such data is transmitted in full or only changed from the previous clock of the computing device, and when changing The data transmission clock is equal to the clock of the computing device, and also when transmitting changed data once with a period of several tens of clocks of the computing device, if specified during configuration, all the data specified for transmission is transmitted, where the current data is transmitted by low-level protocol packets that provide transmission without confirmation and without the formation of a communication channel, the packet being broadcast, multicast or indicating a specific address of the receiving network node, and one of the generalizing characteristics is indicated: the UDP port number of the TCP / IP stack or the IPX socket of the IPX / SPX stack, and this characteristic defines a virtual array of ring buffers - a virtual database, and the transmitted packet transfers the addresses in a virtual array of ring buffers contained in the packet of current data, moreover, the transmitted packets are received by the network node, on which the configuration is set to receive packets having the specified generalizing attribute, and for such a generalizing characteristic, the correspondence address is also indicated on the receiving network node sa data in a virtual base address in the current receiving node data, according to which the data from the received packet stored in an array of circular buffers current data receiving node - the current database; real-time data that has changed from the previous clock of the computing device, which were accumulated in an array of ring buffers in RAM and compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms, and then stored on a long-term memory device, are also transferred to the computer network on the same clock packets of lower level protocols that provide transmission without confirmation and without formation of a communication channel, UDP TCP / IP stack or IPX IPX / SPX stack, and within the period of transmission of compressed data ovtoryaetsya at least once in place with said compressed data in a first clock cycle of data transmitted compressed data present in the node from the time they are written to this network node; packets transmitted to the computer network with compressed archived data of another network node are received by the network node and stored on the long-term memory device in a section or directory specified by configuring the network node for the data of the transmitting network node; simultaneously with the reception of compressed data periodically sent from the transmitting network node, the receiving network node analyzes the information received with such data on the presence of compressed archive data on the transmitting network node and the network node and compares it with the data stored on the receiving network node, and if missing data is detected, the receiving network node sends a UDP packet to the sending host with a list of missing compressed archived data, and in response the sending host along with periodically sent compressed archive data to the host the sweeping node of the network from which the request came sends UDP packets with the requested missing data, evenly distributed over several transmission periods, and in the first packet of such a transmission, a packet distribution table with the missing data for the transmission periods and after the end of the last period specified in the aforementioned is transmitted the table receiving the host network checks the completeness of the compressed archived data and, if they are incomplete in comparison with the transmitting network node, the receiving network node is issued repeated for A request to the sending network node for sending data.

In a particular case, the clock cycle of a computing device is determined by the inertia of one or more control objects associated with the computing device, while the clock cycle of the computing device is set by the operator or automatically by the computing device three to four times less than the time constant of the control object having the lowest inertia.

In a particular case, the long-term storage device is a hard disk drive or flash memory.

In the particular case, the computing device or control object receives data from the measuring transducers of the object parameter sensors by recalculating the measured values, including the calculated control actions, using the coefficients of the calculation algorithms for the data contained in the data sets.

In a particular case, the computing device compares the data in the obtained data set for the last clock of the computing device with the stored data for the previous clock of the computing device to determine the changed data from the previous clock of the computing device.

In the particular case, the control object transfers to the computing device only the changed data from the previous clock of the computing device.

In the particular case, when the time of the value of the planned indicator comes, this value is recorded in the current value of one or more elements of the array of current data in shared memory.

In the particular case, real-time data is transmitted to the computer network, at least one computing device, which is the network node of the computer network, if specified by the configuration of the network node.

In a particular case, the configuration using the list sets the filter of addresses of nodes from which packets are received by the receiving node, and packets are received only from the nodes specified in this list, which increases the security of the system from the possibility of unauthorized or erroneous exposure.

In a particular case, a packet is transmitted and received on a network node according to one or more generalizing criteria.

In the particular case, the computing device compares the received data with the stored data to determine the changed data, or the computing device receives the changed data from the control object, and the control device determines the changed data.

In a particular case, real-time data that has changed from the previous clock of the computing device, which was accumulated in an array of ring buffers in RAM and compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms, after which it is stored on a long-term memory device, is also transferred to the same clock to the computer network with lower-level protocol packets, if specified by the configuration of the network node.

In a particular case, the transmission of compressed archive data packets to several network nodes and the reception of compressed archive data from several network nodes is configured on the network node.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that a system for organizing data storage on network nodes with data transfer between network nodes with predictable loading of network nodes for real-time systems, which includes: computing devices associated with control objects, and on each computing device set the cycle such a computing device, not greater than the frequency of receiving data from each of the control objects, and the computing devices are included in the computer network and are nodes lamas of such a computer network; control objects, on which real-time data sets are received, containing measured values from measuring transducers of sensors of the parameters of the control object, and / or values calculated on their basis, including bitwise packed into a separate byte - status byte - the results of validation of the measured or calculated values and comparison them with thresholds - settings, and / or manually entered values and / or received in another known manner and transmit such a set of received data to computing devices; shared memory for each of the computing devices, in which for each computing device each clock of the computing device is stored in an array of ring buffers, the array of ring buffers containing at least two sets of values, where the first set of values contains the data set obtained by the computing device for the last clock cycle of the computing device, and the second set of values contains a set of data received by the computing device for the penultimate clock cycle Ota computing device, wherein data in an array of circular buffers computing device updated each cycle of the computing device; a long-term memory device for each computing device in which the data contained in the obtained data set, which has changed from the previous clock cycle of the computing device, is stored, and with a period of several tens of clock cycles of the computing device, all data is stored at the end of the clock cycle of the computing device, and save manual operator input data and / or data calculated on the basis of real-time archived data stored in the computational RAM of the device and the long-term memory device, including planned indicators for the future, as well as the long-term memory device, the data mentioned above, which have changed from the previous clock of the computing device, are stored in the array of ring buffers in the RAM of the computing device, which at the clock cycle of the computing device devices on which all data is stored and including them are compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms, including, but not limited to archiving data archiving algorithms; a communication module, selected hardware or software only, transmitting real-time data of the last clock of the computing device to the computing network from arrays of ring buffers every clock of the computing device or less often, the data mentioned is transmitted all or selected by the list, including the specified list or the range of numbers in the array, and such data is transmitted in full or only changed from the previous clock of the computing device, etc. why when transmitting changed data, the transmission clock is equal to the clock of the computing device, and also when transmitting the changed data once with a period of several tens of clocks of the computing device, if specified during configuration, all the data specified for transmission is transmitted, where the current data is transmitted in packets lower level protocols that provide transmission without confirmation and without the formation of a communication channel, moreover, the packet is broadcast, multicast or specifying a real address of the receiving network node and one of the generalizing signs is indicated: the UDP port number of the TCP / IP stack or the IPX socket of the IPX / SPX stack, and this sign defines a virtual array of ring buffers and the transmitted packet contains addresses in a virtual array of ring buffers contained in the packet of current data, moreover, the transmitted packets are received by the network node, on which the configuration is set to receive packets having the specified generalizing feature, and for such a generalizing characteristic, the corresponding node is also indicated on the receiving network node the data addresses in the virtual database are the addresses in the current database of the receiving node, according to which the data from the received packet are written into the array of ring buffers of the current data of the receiving node and the real-time data that have changed from the previous clock cycle of the computing device that were accumulated in the ring array buffers in RAM and compressed using one of the well-known data compression algorithms, after which they are stored on a long-term memory device, also transmitted on the same clock I’m sent to the computer network with packets of lower level protocols that ensure the transfer without confirmation and without the formation of a communication channel, the UDP TCP / IP stack or IPX IPX / SPX stack, and within the period, the transmission of compressed data is repeated at least once and in place with the mentioned compressed data in the first clock, data on the compressed data present on the node is transmitted from the moment it was recorded on such a network node; and - packets transmitted to the computer network with compressed archived data of another network node are received by the network node and stored on the long-term memory device in a section or directory specified by configuring the network node for the data of the transmitting network node; where simultaneously with the reception of compressed data periodically sent by the communication module from the transmitting network node, the receiving network node, the information received by the communication module with such data on the availability of compressed archive data at the transmitting network node and the network node is compared with that stored on the receiving network node, and upon detection the missing host sends a UDP packet to the sending host with a list of missing compressed archived data, and in response the sending host along with Using the compressed archival data sent to the receiving network node from which the request was received, it sends UDP packets with the requested missing data, evenly distributed over several transmission periods, and in the first packet of such transmission, a packet distribution table with the missing data by transmission periods and after the last period indicated in the above table, the receiving network node checks the completeness of the compressed archived data and, if incomplete, in comparison with the transmitting evil network, the receiving node in the network issued a second request to the transmitting node of the data dosylka.

In the particular case, the system contains data collection modules associated with control objects, which transmit real-time data sets from measuring transducers of sensors of parameters of the control object to control objects.

In a particular case, in the system, the computing device operating cycle is determined by the inertia of one or more control objects associated with the computing device, while the computing device operating cycle is set by the operator or automatically by the computing device to be three to four times less than the time constant of the control object having the lowest inertia.

In the particular case, in the system, the long-term storage device is a hard disk drive or flash memory.

In the particular case, in the system, the computing device or control object receives data from the measuring transducers of the object parameter sensors by recalculating the measured values, including the calculated control actions, using the coefficients of the calculation algorithms for the data contained in the data sets.

In the particular case, in the system, the computing device compares the data in the obtained data set for the last clock of the computing device with the stored data for the previous clock of the computing device to determine the changed data from the previous clock of the computing device.

In the particular case, in the system, the control object transfers to the computing device only the changed data from the previous cycle of the computing device.

In a particular case, in the system, when the scheduled value reaches time, it is written to the current value of one or more elements of the current data array in shared memory.

In the particular case, in the system, real-time data is transmitted to the computer network, at least one computing device, which is the network node of the computer network, if specified by the configuration of the network node.

In the particular case, in the system, the filter sets the address filter of the nodes from which packets are received by the receiving node.

In the particular case, in the system at the network node, transmission and reception of packets are configured according to one or more generalizing attributes.

In the particular case, in the system, the computing device compares the received data with the stored data to determine the changed data, or the computing device receives the changed data from the control object, and the control device determines the changed data.

In a particular case, in the system, real-time data that has changed from the previous clock of the computing device, which was accumulated in an array of ring buffers in RAM and compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms, is then stored on a long-term memory device, also on the same clock cycle is transmitted to the computer network by lower-level protocol packets, if specified by the configuration of the network node.

In the particular case, in the system at the network node, transmission of compressed archived data packets to several network nodes and reception of compressed archive data from several network nodes is configured.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Additional objectives, features and advantages of this technical solution will be clear from reading the following description of the implementation of the technical solution with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary variant of the General view of the proposed system that implements the proposed method;

FIG. 2 illustrates one embodiment of communication between network nodes;

FIG. 3 illustrates an example embodiment of a network node communicating with another network node;

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of data transmission from one network node to another network node of the proposed system;

FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the described system with actuators connected to a network node.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example embodiment of assigning correspondence numbers of data stored on a transmitting network node in a virtual database and on a receiving network node;

FIG. 7 illustrates a correspondence table of parameter numbers of a transmitting network node with virtual parameter numbers.

FIG. 8 illustrates a correspondence table of parameter numbers of a virtual database with parameter numbers of a receiving network node.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The objects and features of the present invention, methods for achieving these objects and features will become apparent by reference to exemplary embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed below, it can be embodied in various forms. The essence described in the description is nothing more than the specific details provided to assist the specialist in the field of technology in a comprehensive understanding of the invention, and the present invention is defined only in the scope of the attached claims.

In the particular case, the terms “component”, “element”, “section”, “module”, “part”, “block”, “component”, “means” and the like used in the present description of the invention are used to refer to computer entities (for example, objects associated with a computer, computing entities), which may be hardware, in particular equipment (for example, a device, tool, apparatus, equipment, part of a device, including, but not limited to, a processor, microprocessor, microcontroller , ne board, etc.), software (for example, executable program code, a compiled application, module, part of the software and / or code, etc.), firmware (firmware, in particular firmware (microcontroller) , from the English firmware, moreover, the firmware may include (its) operating system) or firmware and hardware (in particular, hardware with software installed on it, including firmware). So, for example, a component can be a process running (running) on a processor, processor, controller, executable file, program, function, method, library, subprogram and / or electrical, electronic, computing device (e.g., microcomputer, computer, etc.). e.), parts of such devices, or a combination of software and hardware.

In FIG. 1 shows an exemplary version of the General view of the proposed system that implements the proposed method.

Depicted in FIG. 1, the system includes network nodes (from the English node, network nodes, computer network nodes, nodes) 112, between which data (information) is exchanged. Said network node 112 may be a personal computer, server, computer system, monoblock, single-board computer, workstation and any other computing device, desktop or mobile, as well as a controller, for example, an industrial controller. At least one of the mentioned network nodes (112) transmits data to at least one network node, and (or) receives (receives) data from at least one other network node, as described below. At least one network node 112 may receive (receive) data from at least one module or module associated with such a network node, which is part of a network node, for example, from data collection modules (102) associated with at least with at least one means of measuring at least one control object. The control object is a device (or dynamic process), the behavior of which is controlled by the described system by means of actuators (control mechanisms). Management objects are automatically monitored and controlled by network nodes 112 using the associated measuring instruments and actuators. The data acquisition module 102 obtains data from measuring instruments of at least one control object, in particular, from recording devices (modules, etc.) of control objects, for example, sensors, and transmits them to at least one an associated network node, which is described in more detail below. The nodes and modules can be connected to each other by any known type of connection, for example, network nodes can be connected using communication channels and means of switching to a system for exchanging information, in particular, they can belong to a computer network (computer network). To transfer data between network nodes and modules, for example, data acquisition modules, at least one of the known data transmission media can be used. The data acquisition module 102 may include (include) at least one processor and / or at least one microprocessor for interrogating related devices (various equipment), receiving data from them, receiving requests from network nodes, for processing received data and requests, data transfer to a network node, to control settings of related devices, including automatic calibration, control of supply voltage and current strength on devices, etc. management objects. The data acquisition module 102 may include a communication unit (communication module), for example, a communication module, allocated hardware or software, for connecting to at least one network node, at least for transmitting and receiving data, requests, etc. . The data acquisition module 102 may include or be coupled to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the ADC converting the data (values) received from the measuring instruments in an analog data format to a digital data format, so that the data collection module 102 transmits data in digital format to the network node 112. Also, the data collection module 102 may receive data from the measuring instruments in digital data format and transmit them to the network node 112.

Also, at least one network node 112 can generate (generate) data, for example, by a data generation (generation) module (303, FIG. 3), as described below. Such data (received by a host from modules or generated by a host) is stored on such a host and / or transmitted to at least one other host.

The network node 112 contains at least one central processor executing code of programs (machine instructions, etc.) downloaded to the network node 112 (installed on the network node 112), for example, on a storage device, such as a drive on hard magnetic disks, or in RAM, or contained in the components of a network node, for example, in processors, microprocessors, microcontrollers, etc., in particular, in microcircuits of these components.

The present invention is described by the example of data transmission between two or more network nodes (112) within one or more networks (computer networks). The description of the present invention describes an example of a data exchange between two network nodes, which are equivalent network nodes (112). The present invention is described by the example of data transmission by a first network node, i.e. the first network node transmits data to at least one other network node, for example, to the second network node, and such a second network node, at least, receives data from one or more network nodes, for example, from the first network node, such as described later. The network node may be a controller, a personal computer (PC) of the operator’s workstation (AWS), although it should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention encompass data exchange between any two or more devices, in particular, computing devices capable of receiving (receiving) and / or store data and transmit (send) data as described in the framework of the present invention.

In FIG. 2 shows one of the communication options between network nodes, in particular, shows a communication option of one of the network nodes 205 with other network nodes (210), and the network node 205 transmits data to other network nodes (210).

As shown in FIG. 2, the network node 205 transmits data to at least one other network node 210, the data being transmitted being data received from the data acquisition module 102, or received from other network nodes, or generated by one of the network nodes, for example, a node network 205, and such generated data can be generated, for example, by a data generation module (303, FIG. 3), which is described in more detail below.

The network node 205 can transmit data to at least one other network node 210 and receive (receive) data from at least one other network node 210, capable of at least transmitting data, in particular at least at least from one other host. Each of the nodes of the network 210 can transmit data to at least one other network node, for example, to the network node 205. Thus, each of the network nodes (205, 210) is simultaneously a transmitting node (transmitting device, transmitting side) and the receiving node (receiving device, receiving side), i.e. transceiver network node (transceiver device) and can receive data from at least one network node and transmit data to at least one other network node. In some embodiments of the invention, the network node (205, 210) can be configured (by the user) only to transmit data or only to receive data, in particular, depending on the required functionality of such a network node (205, 210). A network node (205, 210), only transmitting data, at any time can be reconfigured to receive data, and a network node (205, 210), only receiving data, at any time can be reconfigured also to transmit data.

The nodes of the network operate each with its own (own) predetermined cycle - its own cycle of operation of the network node (its own cycle of the device). The value of the said own cycle of the network node is set, in particular, it is configured by the user (operator, programmer, etc.) using software installed on the network node (205, 210), or using software installed on the device connected to such a network node (205, 210), or using software installed on another network node, etc. The value of the host’s own clock cycle can be from a few milliseconds to minutes. So, for example, for the host 205 own network clock is set, and for each of the other network nodes (210) its own clock network is set. So, for example, for the host 205 can be set own clock cycle of the network node, equal to, for example, 50 milliseconds, and for each of the other nodes of the network can be set own clock cycle of the network node, equal to, for example, 25 milliseconds, 30 milliseconds , 100 milliseconds, etc.

The proper clock cycle of a network node is determined by the properties of the control object, in particular, its inertia. So, the dynamics of the control object sets its own clock cycle of the network node (real-time clock cycle). If the control object is slow, then the value of the host’s own clock cycle is high (large), if the control object is fast, then the value of the host’s clock cycle is low (small), i.e. the value of the node’s own clock associated with the slow control object is greater than the node clock’s own clock associated with the fast control object. If one node is connected to several control objects, then the smallest real-time clock cycle corresponding to the fastest control object is set (automatically or by the user) on the network node.

The value of the own clock of the host (the clock of the host) is greater than the clock of the operating system installed on the host.

So, in particular, the own cycle of the network node is the repetition period of operations (not related to data transmission) by the network node and, in particular, determines the frequency (in particular, periodicity) with which the network node generates (generates, etc.) data ( real-time data) or polls the data acquisition module 102 (sends a request for data from the data acquisition module 102) and receives real-time data, for example, from sensors, including, for example, using the data collection module (data collection module from sensors ) 10 2 as described below. Also, the own cycle of the network node determines the frequency of transmission of control commands (control actions) to control objects, in particular, to executive devices associated with such control objects. At the network node, it can be set — the values from which sensors transmitted to the data acquisition module 102 will be received by the network node from the data acquisition module 102. For example, it can be set to obtain values recorded by a specific set of sensors, for example, of the same type sensors (temperature sensors, pressure sensors, etc.), or not all values recorded by sensors can be set, for example, to receive values from the first to tenth, etc. Said data acquisition module 102 is an information exchange device, including a network exchange device (ODR). The data acquisition module 102 may include a communication module (communication module) or be associated with a communication module using which data is exchanged between the data acquisition module 102 and a network node, for example, a network node 205.

Also, at the network node, for example, the user sets (configures) the value of the real-time data transmission cycle (the real-time data transmission cycle of the network node), in particular, which determines the frequency and frequency at which data is transmitted by the network node, for example, the network node ( 205), to one or more network nodes (210). The real-time data transmission by the network node is carried out at the end of each cycle of the real-time data transmission of the network node. Real-time data transmission is carried out in a multiple of the intrinsic clock cycle of a network node (313). So, for example, if the value of the intrinsic clock cycle of a host is 100 milliseconds, then the value of the clock transmission rate of real-time data of a host can be set to 200 milliseconds, 300 milliseconds, 1 second, etc. So, for example, the value of the real-time data transmission cycle of a network node, for example, a network node 205, can be set to 100 milliseconds, i.e. every 100 milliseconds, the host 205 will send (transmit) real-time data to at least one other network node (210) once every 100 milliseconds (or start transmitting real-time data to such other network nodes).

If the network node 210 needs to transmit real-time data, i.e. if at least one of the network nodes (or all network nodes) 210 can also transmit data (such as network node 205), then the network node 210 also sets the clock cycle of real-time data transmission of the network node with which such a network node (210 ) will transmit real-time data with a given clock cycle of real-time data transmission of a network node to at least one other network node, for example, to a network node 205, or any other network node.

The value of the clock cycle of the real-time data transmission of a network node can be a multiple of, including equal to, the value of its own cycle of a network node. If the value of the real-time data transfer cycle of the network node is erroneously set by the user when the network node is set to less than the value of the network's own cycle, the network node automatically (using the software module or the hardware-software module of the network node) increases the value of the real-time data transmission cycle host to a value equal to the value of the own cycle of the host.

In FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a network node communicating with another network node. The network node 313 transmits data to at least one other network node, for example, to the network node 373 in the real-time data transmission mode and in the data archive data transmission mode, the network node 313 transmitting real-time data in two modes (sub-modes) : in real-time data transmission mode in full and in the transmission mode of only changed real-time data (transmission of changes, data transmission of changes).

Under the full amount of data is meant the amount of data containing the values stored in the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313, and can be set (by the user) on the network node 313 - which of the values of such a total amount of data to transmit to the network node 313, at least to one other network node. So, for example, the transmission of one or more values (parameter values) can be specified, as well as the transmission of one or more ranges (intervals) of values that will be transmitted to another network node 373 by network node 313. In the case when the values are stored in a data database of real time 323 of the network node 313, then numbers containing values (values of variables, parameters) that (values) will be transmitted by the network node 313 to another network node 373 can be set. For example, the values contained in first element Real-time data DB 323 for the umpteenth element data DB 323 real-time, etc. When data transfer in the mode of only changed data can also be set on the network node 313 - which of the data values should be transmitted by the network node 313 to at least one other network node, and if the indicated cells of the real-time data 323 database do not contain the changed data ( or do not contain data, i.e. are empty), then the content (values or their absence) of such elements of the real-time data database 323 will not be transferred to another network node (for example, to a network node 373), as described in the framework of the present invention.

The network node 313 can receive real-time data (in the real-time data transfer mode) that the network node 373 transmits and the real-time archive data (in the data archive data transfer mode) that the network node transmits 373. The real-time data transmitted by the network node 373 are received by the network node 313 and stored in the real-time database of the network node 313, and data of the data archives transmitted by the node 373 and received by the network node 313 are stored in the database of received data archives 353 of the network node 313.

The network node 313 contains a database (DB) of real-time data 323, in which the node stores the real-time data received each own cycle of the network node 313 from at least one data collection module 102 or data generation module 303. Thus, the collection module data (or a group of data collection modules, in particular, several data collection modules) transmits real-time data to a network node 313, which are recorded by the node in a real-time data database (RV database) 323, a second data collection module (or a group of data collection modules) passes dan real-time data also to the network node 313, which are recorded by the network node 313, for example, by the data processing storage module (or the data storage module), in the same DB RV 323, and so on.

The host 313 also contains a database of data archives (database of real-time data archives) 333, into which data archives (real-time data archives, trends) containing real-time data received and / or generated, etc. are recorded. network node 313 and compressed (packed, archived) for several own clock cycles of network node 313, as described in more detail below. In such a database of data archives 333, the network node 313 stores real-time data obtained for several own clock cycles of the network node 313 from at least one data acquisition module 102 or data generation module 303.

Real-time data received, for example, from the data acquisition module 102, from at least one other network node or generated (generated, etc.) by the network node 313 for each own cycle of the network node, is stored by the network node 313 each own the node cycle, in particular, at the end of each own cycle of the network node, in the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313. The real-time data stored in the real-time data database (RV database) 323 of the network node 313 for the previous own cycle of the network node 313, in in particular, at the end of the previous property of a network node’s clock cycle, are overwritten with real-time data received for the last clock cycle of the network node 313, and in the RV 323 database, the real-time data received for the previous clock cycle of the network node 313. is stored. In the particular case, the real-time data database (323) is a circular buffer (cyclic buffer), the length of which, in particular, the number of elements, is set (for example, by a user, in particular, an operator, a software developer of a network node, etc.) on a network node or remotely. The mentioned element of the ring buffer of the real-time data database 323 is a set of values received at the network node 313 and stored (recorded) in such a RV database for one own clock cycle of the network node (network node 313). So, for example, a ring buffer element is a row in a database table containing cells that store the values of variables received from the data acquisition module (102), from other network nodes, or generated by the data generation module (303). In the particular case, the length of the ring buffer is set at the network node (by the user or automatically by the network node) to two (2) elements. In the particular case, the real-time data (values received from the data acquisition module 102, other network nodes and / or the data generation module 303) stored in the cells of one row of the table of the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313 are copied to the cells of another row ( located below the top or top row) of the DB RV 323 table of the network node 313, and the real-time data stored in the cells of the top row of the DB RV 323 table of the network node 313 are overwritten with the real-time data received for the last proper clock cycle of the network node 313. So Thus, the saved real-time data for the previous own clock of the network node 313 is overwritten with the saved real-time data received in the current own clock of the network node 313. The database RV of the network node 313 is stored in the random access memory (RAM) of the network node, in particular, for processing saving to a database of data archives and for transferring (in real-time data transmission cycle of the network node 313) to the network node 373, as described in the framework of the present invention.

Real-time data received (or generated, generated, etc.) by the network node 313 for each own clock cycle of the network node 313 is stored by the network node 313 each own clock cycle of the network node 313 and with a given frequency, for example, every ten own clock cycles the operations of the host 313 are compressed and stored in the long-term memory of the host 313 and transferred to the database of data archives 333 of the host 313. The database of data archives 333 of the host 313 is stored in a permanent data storage (for example, on a long-term memory device, in particular and a hard disk drive or flash memory). So, the data characterizing the object or objects of control obtained, for example, from measuring transducers of sensors of the parameters of the object directly or by recalculating the measured values, including the calculated control actions, as well as the data of manual input, including the command to control the object of control and the calculated coefficients algorithms are located in the RAM of the local computing device in the form of an array of ring buffers with a depth of not less than two values - the current and previous, updated to Each clock cycle. The array is located in the shared (shared) RAM of the computing device, which ensures its availability for the components of the computing process of the device. Data synchronization when accessing the array is ensured by the sequential execution of the components of the computing process without software interruptions. The above data that has changed from the previous measure is recorded on a non-volatile memory device, for example, a hard disk drive or flash memory. In addition, with a period of once every several tens of measures, for example, once every hundred measures, all data is recorded on this measure. In addition to the above data, a non-volatile memory device, such as a hard disk drive or flash memory, also records manually entered data or calculated on the basis of real-time archive data, which are planned targets for the future, if any. If this is specified by the configuration, when the time of the value of the planned indicator comes, it is written into the current value of one or more elements of the array of current data in the shared memory described above. The above data that has changed from the previous clock cycle is accumulated in an array in RAM, which, on the clock bar, where, as indicated above, all data is recorded, is compressed, compressed, for example, using the LZA algorithm, and then written to the long-term memory device, for example, a hard disk drive or flash memory. Thus, on the computing device (in particular, the node of the computer network), a local real-time database is created containing the current and archived real-time data. So, in particular, real-time data received by the network node 313 for each own cycle of the network node 313 is compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms. As mentioned above, the data can be archived before being stored in the data archive database 333 of the network node 313. Compression (in particular, archiving) of the data can be carried out by means (for example, software) of the network node 313, for example, by means of the archive database management system data 333.

Mentioned permanent data storage can be a hard disk drive (HDD), or a solid-state drive (SSD, English solid-state drive), or a hybrid hard drive (SSHD, English solid- state hybrid drive), or flash memory and / or any other device that allows at least writing to the device, reading from the device and / or storing data on the device. Data in data warehouses are stored primarily in binary format, matching or close to the data format in the real-time current databases.

A database, in particular, a real-time data database (323; 460, FIG. 4) of a network node, a database of data archives (333; 470, FIG. 4) of a network node, a database of received data archives (353; 480, FIG. 4) a network node and any other database described in the framework of the present invention, can store data in the form of at least one array, table or set of connected or unrelated arrays (and the data arrays can be vectors or data matrices) , database tables, and any other known formats. The at least one database described in the present invention (for example, a real-time data database or, in a particular case, a data archive database) is a real-time database (BDW, RV DB), i.e. is a database, the data processing in which is carried out with a hard (set) real-time clock, for which the data is stored in a temporary data warehouse, in particular in RAM, of a network node, mainly in binary format, as the most convenient for processing.

As mentioned above, the network node 313 can transmit real-time data in two modes (sub-modes): in the mode of transmitting real-time data in full and in the mode of transmitting only changed real-time data.

In FIG. 4 shows a variant of data transmission from one network node to another network node of the proposed system.

If specified by the configuration of the node (computing) network, the data of the last, current clock from the arrays described above, can be transmitted to the network every clock or less. Data can be transmitted all or selected by the list, including the specified listing or range of numbers (from one given number in the array to another specified number in the array). Such data can be transferred in full or only changed from the previous measure. When transmitting changed data, all data indicated for transmission can also be transmitted once with a period of several tens of clock cycles. In this case, the data transmission period may not coincide with the period of recording all data in read-only memory, as described above.

Transmission of the current data described above is carried out by packets of lower level protocols that provide transmission without confirmation and without forming a communication channel, for example, the UDP TCP / IP stack or IPX IPX / SPX stack. The packet can be broadcast, multicast, or with a specific address of the receiving network node, however, a generalizing attribute is always indicated, for example, the UDP port number of the TCP / IP stack or the IPX socket of the IPX / SPX stack. Such a feature defines a virtual array — a distributed database, similar to an array of current data — a database — on a computing device. In the transmitted packet, the parameter numbers (addresses) in the distributed database of the characteristic indicated in the packet contained in the current data packet are necessarily transmitted. The transmitted packets can be received by a host on the network, on which the reception of packets having the indicated attribute (port or socket number, for example) is specified by configuration. For this feature, the correspondence of data numbers (addresses) in the virtual database with the numbers (addresses) in the current database of the receiving network node (receiving computing device) is also indicated on the receiving network node, according to which the data from the received packet is placed in the current data array. If necessary, a filter can also be set to filter addresses of network nodes from which packets can be received. Thus, a distributed (cloud) database of current real-time data is created for each feature, of which there can be several. At a network node, packet transmission and reception can be configured according to one or more criteria (ports or sockets). Thus, a consolidated distributed (cloud) real-time current database is created, including all distributed (cloud) real-time current databases of individual features, of which there can be several.

If specified by the host configuration, compressed archived data from the main memory, in addition to writing to the long-term memory device on the same clock cycle, is transmitted over the network by packets of lower-level protocols that provide transmission without confirmation and without forming a communication channel, for example, the UDP TCP / IP stack or IPX stack IPX / SPX. Within the period, the transmission of compressed archive data is repeated at least once. Along with compressed archive data, the first packet transmits information about the compressed data present on the network node from the moment it began to be recorded on this network node. If specified by the configuration of the network node, packets with compressed archived data of another network node are received by the network node and placed on a non-volatile memory device, for example, a hard disk drive or flash memory, in a partition or directory allocated for configuration under the data of the transmitting network node. Simultaneously with the reception of compressed data periodically sent from the transmitting network node, the information on the presence of compressed archive data at the transmitting network node is analyzed at the receiving network node (node) and compared with the information available at the receiving network node, and if missing data is detected, the receiving node sends a UDP packet to the sending node with a list of missing compressed archived data. In response, the sending node, along with periodically sent compressed archive data to the receiving node from which the request came, sends UDP packets with the requested missing data, evenly distributed over several periods of transmission, so as not to overload the receiving node. In the first packet of such a transmission, a packet distribution table with missing data by transmission periods is transmitted. After the end of the last period indicated in this table, the completeness of compressed archived data is checked at the receiving network node and, when they are incomplete compared to the transmitting network node, a request is sent to the transmitting node for sending them again. At a network node, transmission of compressed archived data packets to several network nodes and reception of compressed archived data from several network nodes can be configured. Thus, a distributed database of real-time archive data is created.

When transferring real-time data in real-time data transfer mode in full, all real-time data received by the network node 313 for the own cycle of the network node 313 and stored in the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313 are transmitted to the network node 373 in a data transmission cycle real-time host network 313.

In real-time data transfer mode, the real-time data received by the network node 313 for the last own cycle of the network node and stored (in the same own cycle of the network node 313) in the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313 are transmitted to the network node 373 by the network node from the real-time data database of the network node 313 at the end of each clock cycle of the real-time data of the network node 313 that matches or is a multiple of the own clock cycle of the network node 313. Thus, the network node 313 reads to the data cycle of the network node 313 e values of real-time data (real-time data array) from the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313 and transfers them to at least one network node, for example, 373. The received real-time data is fully stored by the network node 373 in The real-time data database of the network node 373 and further processed by the network node 373.

To transfer real-time data in full, the last own cycle of the network node 313, stored in the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313, the network node 313 generates a data set for transmission to the network node 373. Such a real-time data set includes all real-time data from the database real-time data 323 of the network node 313, that is, an array of data per cycle of the network node 313, at the end of which transmission is performed.

As mentioned above, the network node 313 can transmit at least one other network node (for example, the network node 373) real-time data in the transmission mode only changed from the last own cycle of the network node 313 real-time data. To transmit real-time data in the transmission mode of only changed data stored in the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313, the network node 313 generates a data set containing the changed data (an array of changed data) for transmission to the network node 373.

The data set of only the changed real-time data transmitted to the current real-time data transfer cycle by the network node 313 contains data stored in the real-time data database 323, which were received (and / or generated) by the network node 313 in the last proper cycle of the network node 313, containing values that have changed compared to the previous own cycle of the host network 313.

In the particular case, said transmitted data set, generated by the network node 313 and containing only the changed data, may contain data stored in the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313, which has changed since the last clock cycle of the real-time data transmission of the network node.

To form a set of changed real-time data (a set of only changed real-time data), the network node 313 processes, in particular, analyzes the real-time data stored in the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313 by comparing the stored data received (generated, etc.). e.) by the transmitting device for the last proper clock cycle of the transmitting device with the real-time data stored in the real-time data database 323 received (or generated) by the network node 313 from the previous (previous to the last own cycle of the network node 313) the own cycle of the network node 313. The set of changed real-time data resulting from the above comparison of data is transmitted by the network node 313 to at least one other network node, for example, the network node 373 in the transmission cycle real-time data of the host 313. The transmission of only changed data (only changed real-time data) is carried out with the own clock of the host (313). The transmission cycle of all values can be performed less frequently, but with a cycle that is a multiple of the own cycle of the network node (313). So, for example, if the value of the intrinsic clock cycle of a host is 100 milliseconds, then the transmission rate of all the real-time data of the host can be set to 200 milliseconds, 300 milliseconds, 1 second, etc.

In the database of data archives 333, only data that has changed per cycle is stored, and every ten or hundreds of cycles, all data is saved at the end of the cycle

When the host 313 saves real-time data in the real-time data database 323, the data stored for the previous own clock of the host 313 is copied to the real-time data database 323 (a copy of the real-time data for the previous own clock of the host 313 is created), and the data values , from which the mentioned copy of the data was made, are overwritten by the changed data received for the last own cycle of the network node 313.

If the real-time data database 323 does not contain stored values for the previous own cycle of the network node 313, then a value (or symbol, etc.) corresponding to the absence of such missing values can be written, or if the values are stored in the database cells, such a database cell may remain empty (empty).

In the transmission mode of only changed real-time data, the generated sets of changed data are transmitted to the network node 373 by the network node from the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313 at the end of the own cycle of the network node 313.

The transmitted real-time data transmitted by the network node 313 using the communication module 363 (and received using the communication module 485 by the network node 373 to the data receiving buffer of the network node 373) as a data set is saved by the network node 373 from the data receiving buffer of the network node 373 to the data database real-time host network 373 and then processed by host 373.

Data transmission in the transmission mode of only changed data reduces the load on the network (computer network), as well as on the data reception buffers and on the host network nodes, in particular, on the central processors of the network nodes, as well as interfaces, buses, etc. host network nodes, and also leads to a decrease in the required amount of space required for storing data on storage devices (data) of host network nodes, in particular, due to the fact that less data is transmitted by network nodes and received by network nodes, however , in a particular case, may reduce the reliability of data delivery. At the same time, the introduction of additional full-time transmission with a significantly larger clock cycle makes it possible to increase the reliability of data delivery without significantly increasing the load on network equipment, in particular, it provides up-to-date data for newly connected nodes to the network. However, the optimal combination of all possible network exchange modes is selected based on the specific conditions and tasks of the described system.

That is, when transmitting data in the transmission mode of only changed real-time data, the network node 313, in time with the control transmission of real-time data of the network node 313, transmits all real-time data in full (in particular, real-time data of a selected range of values), i.e. containing, for example, a complete set of real-time data received by the network node 313 from the data acquisition module 102 or generated by the data generation module 303 for the last own cycle of the network node 313, and not only the changed real-time data by at least one node network, for example, network node 373. The value (value) of the data transfer control cycle of the network node 313 is set on the node 313 and significantly (for example, several times, several tens of times, several hundred times) exceeds the value of the transmission cycle of the changed real time of the host 313, and the clock transmission of the data of the host 313 may be less, equal to or greater than the transmission clock of the data archives of the host 313. So, for example, if the host clock 313 has its own clock cycle (the value of its own the host cycle 313), for example, equal to 50 milliseconds, respectively, the transmission cycle of the changed real-time data of the host 313 is also 50 milliseconds, and the transmission cycle of the data archives of the network node 313 is set to 20 seconds, then the control transmission data cycle the host 313 may be set to, for example, 500 milliseconds or 5 seconds. The values contained in the set of data transmitted in full during the control data transfer are stored by the network node 373 in the real-time database of the network node 373.

In the particular case, before the first transmission of the changed data set by the network node 313, the real-time data set transmitted in full in real-time data transmission mode can be transmitted, and the data archive can also be transmitted.

When transmitting data in the only changed data mode, the data set is completely transmitted by the network node 313 to another network node so that such another network node not only receives the changed data contained in the set of changed data received by such other network node 373, but also Changed data, for example, if such another network node was added (for example, by the user) to the described system during the operation of the system. So, for example, after a certain time after starting the system (network node 313, network node 373, at least one data acquisition module 102, etc.), for example, after 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 1 hour, etc. e., a new other network node can be added to the system to which only changed real-time data (and optional data archives) are transmitted by network node 313 in the transmission mode of only changed data (in the transmission of data on changes). After adding a new network node to the described system (after establishing a connection (connection), in particular, after connecting such another network node to other network nodes, as well as data acquisition modules, etc., for example, after connecting such a network node to a computer network, such as, for example, a local area network (LAN), such another network node receives only changed real-time data, and not changed real-time data is not transmitted to such another network node, so in a real-time database of such another node with It does not contain the values of all variables whose values are recorded by the data acquisition module 102 or data generation module 303 connected to the network node 313 and which are transmitted by the network node 313 to the network node 373. In order for the variables mentioned in the real-time data base to contain all values pass a sufficiently large amount of time, the magnitude of which depends on when exactly all the mentioned values change, i.e. when all values in the real-time data database are updated. To avoid this, the network node performs control transmission of a real-time data set (data transmission in the control data transmission mode), for example, once every ten seconds, i.e. to the cycle of transmission of changed data, the value of which in a particular case is equal to the cycle of transmission of real-time data, and the cycle of transmission of changed data is equal to the own cycle of the network node (transmitting side).

Also, the said real-time data set (in the data transmission mode in full or in the transmission mode of only changed data, including the control data transmission mode) transmitted by one network node 313 to another network node 373 may contain data validation status , as well as the time of generation of the transmitted data (time stamp, time stamp, from the English timestamp), and the time of generation of the data is the point in time at which the real-time data or the point in time was generated by the network node 313, in which received real-time data by the network node 313, for example, from the data acquisition module 102. Also, the said data set transmitted by one network node (313) to at least one other network node (373) may contain a timeout value ( timeout, from English timeout), i.e. the time during which another node in the network 373 will consider the transmitted data to be valid, and after which the transferred data will be considered invalid, in particular, outdated.

At the receiving network node 373, the timeout that came in the data packet is used to verify its authenticity, that is, if the values of the data included in the received packet are not updated from the moment it arrives during the timeout, then they are considered invalid until the next update.

The transmitted real-time data sets (in full or only changed) before being transmitted by the network node 313 to the network node 373 enter the current database and are processed similarly to the data of the current database 323 of the node 313.

For the cycle of real-time data transmission (in full or only changed data) of the network node 313, in particular, the real-time data set, the ratio of the real-time data transmission time of the network node 313 to the real-time data transmission cycle of the node can be set on the network node 313 network 313, which allows you to configure the time on the network node 313 during which real-time data is transmitted by the network node 313 to at least one network node 373. Thus, in the process of data transmission by the network node 313, There is a “smearing” of the transmitted data packets by the transmission time, so that the last transmitted data packet will not be transmitted before the data transmission time has elapsed. So, for example, if the value of the real-time data transmission clock of the network node 313 is set equal to 100 milliseconds and the ratio of the real-time data transmission clock to the real-time data transmission clock of the network node 313 is set to 75 percent, then the network node 313 is every 100 milliseconds (each transmission cycle real-time data) will transmit data of the corresponding attribute (port or socket) for 75 milliseconds.

A real-time data set (containing all or only changed real-time data), as well as a data archive described in the framework of the present invention, can be transmitted by a network node 313 with at least one network data packet (in a certain way designed data segment), for example, UDP / IP packet, IPX packet, etc. Setting the ratio of the real-time data transmission time of the network node 313 to the real-time data transmission cycle of the network node 313 allows you to distribute the transmission of the real-time data set over the entire time range allocated to the network node 313 for real-time data transmission (for example, 75 milliseconds from the example above), those. packets are “smeared” by the time allotted for each real-time data transmission cycle of the network node 313, so that the real-time data (real-time data set) is transmitted by the network node 313 to the network node 373 (more) uniformly, which avoids overflow of the receive buffer data (to which data sets are transmitted, which are then stored from the data reception buffer in at least one database of the network node 373, as described in the framework of the present invention) of the network node 373 and intermediate network equipment (e.g. example, routers, gateways, servers, etc.). The data reception buffer may be a data reception buffer of a communication module (communication module 485 of the network node 373, communication module 363 of the network node 313) connected to the network node (using a wired connection or wireless connection), or which is part of the network node, or it may be part of the memory area of random access memory or read-only memory (for example, a hard disk drive, flash memory, etc.) of a network node and, in particular, be part of an operating room with host system systems.

Before transmitting the real-time data set (including also additional data, including overhead data, metadata, etc.), in particular, network packets 313 may additionally transmit a special sync packet (synchronization packet). Mentioned additional data may be a real-time data transmission cycle of a network node 313, own cycle of a network node 313, time set on a network node 313, timeout (s), etc., as well as other parameters and settings of the network node 313, modules of the network node 313, in particular as described in the framework of the present invention. The mentioned sync packet contains information on the following parameters: the current time of the network node 313 (system time), the number of data packets that will be transmitted by the network node 313 after such a sync packet, the period of time during which the complete transmission of data (all data packets ) and the time delay between the transmission of such a sync packet and the transmission of the first data packet. The mentioned parameters are set (by the user) on the network node 313. In the particular case, the network node 373 suspends the execution of operations (functions) that are not related to the receipt of real-time data (for example, it suspends the transmission of data, interrogation of modules connected to it, etc.) for the time (period of time) during which the complete transmission of data (all data packets) will be carried out, indicated in the sync packet. At the network node 373, the sync packet filter can be enabled or disabled, which determines the need for the network node 373 to process the sync packet sent by the network node 313 to the network node 373. If the sync packet filter is enabled, the network node 373 will ignore the sync packet received (received) from the network node 313 wherein said packets will be received by the network node 373.

The time transmitted in the sync pact can be used to synchronize the time of network nodes. For this purpose, data transmission in broadcast mode for at least one parameter on a specific port or socket is specified on the network node 313, and such a port or socket is opened for reception on synchronized network nodes. After the start of data transmission by the host 313, the time on the synchronized network nodes will correspond to the time on the host 313 (coincide with the time on the host 313), but in the particular case, the time on the synchronized network nodes may differ by a few milliseconds.

Also, in addition to real-time data transmission by the network node 313, data can be transmitted in the data archive transmission mode for a certain period of time equal to the period with which they are compressed during archiving. The node 313 performs simultaneously with the recording in the long-term memory of the data archived in RAM to other nodes in the network in accordance with the specified configuration.

Also, the first data archive packet transmitted by the network node 313 to the network node 373 contains information about the contents of the real-time data archive 333 of node 313. The receiving node (373) compares the received and information about the contents of the archive of node 313 with the archive data it has with node 313 and, if they are lacking in comparison with the information received in the packet, sends to the node 313 a packet with a request to send the missing data. Further, the network node 313 transmits data archives, according to information (in particular, identifiers) about the data archives not received by the network node 373 contained in the request sent by the network node 373, and data archives can be transmitted by the network node 313, as described in within the framework of the present invention, including the transfer of repeated (copies) of data archives to a network node 373.

The data archive transmitted by the network node 313 from the data archive database 333 of the network node 313 can be transferred by several archives (gifts, subarchives), including in the multi-volume archive format, i.e. the network node 313 can create several data archives from one data archive (the totality of which contains data identical to the data of the original data archive), and the size of the gifts can be set on the network node 313.

The data archive (or data present) transmitted by the network node 313 can be transmitted by the network node 313 with at least one network data packet.

The network node 313 transmits, at least to one network node 373, a data archive to the cycle of transmitting data archives of the network node 313, in particular, transfers the main data archive (the first data archive of the transmission cycle of the data archives), after which it transfers the same data archive In particular, it carries out a retransmission (copy) of a data archive (repeated data archive) to a network node 373 (or several network nodes). In the particular case, two repeated data archives can be sent to the network node 373 by the network node 313, which, in particular, is sufficient to receive at least one data archive (main or repeated) by the network node 373.

Upon receipt by the network node 373 of at least one data archive, i.e. of a data archive transferred to the cycle of transferring data archives of the network node 313 or one of the repeated data archives, the network node 373 ignores the remaining data archives, in particular, the main data archive and / or repeated data archives, which are a copy of the main data archive, in particular, processes them, which reduces the load on the central processor of the network node 373, and also, in the particular case, does not lead to overflow of the data reception buffer of the network node 373.

As described in the framework of the present invention, the transmission of data (data archives, as well as real-time data sets in full or changed data, including real-time control data transmission) by network nodes can be carried out in broadcast mode (broadcast channel, from the English broadcasting) or in directional data transfer mode. In broadcast mode, data is transmitted by at least one network node, for example, a network node (205, FIG. 2), immediately to several other network nodes (210, FIG. 2), as well as to the same network node (205 FIG. 2). In the directional data transmission mode, data is transmitted by one network node, for example, a network node (205, FIG. 2), to at least one other network node (201, FIG. 2), as well as to the same network node (205 FIG. 2).

Data (real-time datasets and data archives) can be transmitted using the IPX protocol (from the English internetwork packet exchange) or the UDP / IP protocol (from the English User Datagram Protocol - the protocol of user datagrams, IP - from the English Internet Protocol - literally, the Internet Protocol, the routed network protocol of the TCP / IP stack), one of which is selected (by the user) on the network node 313 (and on the receiving side, network nodes to which data is transmitted by the network node 313, for example, on the node network 373).

At least one destination address (main network address) is specified on the network node 313, in particular, for example, in the case of UDP / IP, the IP address (a) of the network node to which the data is transmitted, or in the case of IPX, the network is indicated destination (receipt) and node (s) of the network to which data is transmitted.

So, when specifying the destination address, the following IP address values for UDP / IP can be specified:

- 198.10.10.11 (or 198.20.30.111, or 198.15.31.3111, etc.) - transfer data to a network node at the address 198.10.10.11 (network node with an IP address 198.10.10.11 (198.20.30.111, 198.15.31.211, etc.) .d.), i.e., directional data transmission to such a network node is carried out;

- the last octet of the IP address can be set equal to "255", for example, for the IP address the value "198.10.10.255" (or "198.20.30.255", or "198.15.31.255", etc.) can be indicated - transmit data to all network nodes whose IP address is of the form “198.10.10. *” (or “198.20.30. *”, or “198.15.31. *”, etc.), where the value “*” lies in the range from “1” to “254”, i.e. such an IP address is a broadcast IP address, i.e. broadcast data is being transmitted (broadcast mode);

- “198.10.255.255” (or “198.15.255.255”, or “198.35.255.255”) - transmit data to all network nodes whose address is of the form “198.10. *. *”, I.e. broadcast data is being transmitted;

- “127.0.0.1” - transmit data to the same network node.

For IPX at the network node, the destination network and the network node (s) to which data is transmitted are specified. If the destination network is not specified ("00000000"), then the data sets (in the form of data packets) are transmitted by the network node 313 to the local network segment. If “FFFFFFFFFFFF” is specified as the destination address, the data sets (in the form of data packets) are intended for all network nodes of this segment (to which the network node 313 belongs).

In addition to the mentioned network addresses (main network addresses, destination addresses), additional (backup) network addresses can be set at the nodes of the network of the transmitting side, through which the nodes of the network of the transmitting side will transmit data simultaneously with data transmission to the main address, which is an effective means of reservation of transmission data. If specified as backup for the primary transmission address, the data will be duplicated an appropriate number of times, which, in particular, is used in the framework of the present invention to prevent data loss (in particular, data sets or data packets of data sets) on unstable communication lines. Also, additional (reserve) network addresses are set for data transmission when data cannot be transmitted in broadcast mode or if the nodes of the network to which data is to be transmitted are on a network (computer network) other than the network to which the transmitting side network node belongs, or if the nodes of the network belong to different networks, including if one of the networks to which at least one node of the receiving side belongs is different from the network of the node of the network of the transmitting side.

On host 313, ports are specified in the case of UDP (or sockets in the case of IPX) to which data will be transferred (real-time data sets and data archives). So, for each transmitted data set or data archive, ports can be specified to which such data sets or data archives will be sent by network node 313.

The port numbers in the case of UDP (or sockets in the case of IPX) to which data sets or data archives are sent are always present in the standard UDP (IPX) headers of data packets containing data sets or data archives that are transmitted by the transmitting side, for example, a network node 313, on the receiving side (at least one network node).

On the receiving side, at least on one network node receiving data (real-time or data archives), the ports (or sockets) are set, from which packets with data are expected by the receiving side and the correspondence of numbers in the virtual network real-time database to the database real time on the host machine. Thus, the host network nodes can only receive data that needs to be received (and, in particular, processed), without the need to receive all the data, which reduces the load on the data reception buffers (in particular, it does not require recording the received data in them) and to host nodes of the host, in particular, to the central processors of the host nodes, as well as to interfaces, buses, etc. host network nodes, and also leads to a decrease in storage space on host devices of host nodes.

The data transmitted by the network node 313 (in real time in full or only changed and / or archive data), in particular in the form of data sets or data archives, are transmitted to the network node 373 to the above data reception buffer of the network node 373. Further, from the data reception buffer (receive buffer) of the network node 373, the real-time data received from the network node 313 are stored by the network node 373 in the real-time data database of the network node 373, and the data archives received by the network node 373 are stored in the database of received data archives 480 of the network node 373. The buffer size is the data node of the network node (for example, node 373 or node 313) is the size of the buffer reserved for temporary storage of received data from one or more nodes of the network (for example, node 313), and the size of the data reception buffer of each of the network nodes is set by the user on the appropriate node or remotely. The data reception buffer may be implemented by at least one (intermediate) data storage, for example, by at least one memory area of the network storage device. The data reception buffer may consist of at least two data reception buffers, for example, a real-time data reception buffer of a network node (eg, network node 373) and a data reception buffer of data from the network node archives (eg, network node 373). In the particular case, real-time data can be transmitted by network node 313 to network node 373 and placed by means of network node 373 into the real-time data reception buffer of network node 373, and data archive data can be transmitted by network node 313 to network node 373 and placed by network node means 373 to the data reception buffer of the host data archive data 373. The real-time data received by the host 373 from the real-time data reception buffer is stored by the host in the real-time data database of the network node 373, and the data archive data received by the host 373 from network node stored in the database data files received 480 of the node 373. The above buffers may be organized by means of a network operating system of exchange, for example, Windows or Linux, which size can be set by default, and the user to change if necessary.

The size of said network data packet, in particular, the maximum size of a network data packet, can be set (on one of the network nodes), for example, by a user, and the maximum size of a network data packet is set in accordance with the maximum size supported by the equipment on the data transmission route, so that to transfer a large amount of data, the maximum size of the network data packet is set to the maximum possible.

In FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of the described system with actuators connected to a network node.

As mentioned above, the values stored in the real-time database and in the database of the received data archives 480 of the network node 373 are processed by the network node 373.

The described method and system provide an opportunity (for example, to a user) to monitor status, view values (measurements), remotely control devices, in particular, at least one executive device (control device, control device, etc.) 505. Mentioned monitoring and control are carried out using at least one actuating device 505, including through user interaction with said network nodes, for example, setting values, setting, etc. The aforementioned monitoring and control is carried out by the actuator 505 by using at least one (control) microcircuit, microcomputer, microprocessor or any other module associated with at least one network node in such actuators (505) and registering data and / or allowing the management of devices associated with such a module, the setting of values for such devices, etc.

During data processing, a network node, for example, network node 373, generates control commands (or control programs, instructions, values, etc.) for actuators (505) of control objects and transmits them to at least one actuator associated with the network node 373 or which is part of the network node 373, or at least one other network node, for example, the network node 313, for the purpose of further transmission of the control commands to the network node 313 to the connected one (including via the collection module data) with a network node 313 executive oystvo 505. The generated control commands used to control the control object to control objects maintained within a required (predetermined) parameters, in particular, in the mode in which each function must control objects.

Control commands allow you to control actuators (505), for example, enable or disable such an actuator, change the values specified on such an actuator, etc., for example, a fan, enable or disable a heating element, open or close a valve, etc. d.

The result of processing by the network node 373 of the data received and stored in the database (real-time and / or data archives) is at least the generation of commands for controlling executive devices (505), including after processing by at least one network node for example, after converting the control commands to a format suitable for applying to the input of the actuator (505) or suitable for applying to the input of at least one module that is part of the actuator 505 or associated with it, or after processing executive device. Thus, the network node 373 using at least one algorithm implemented by the software (program) installed on the network node 373 generates control commands (including sequences of control commands) for the actuator 505.

In FIG. Figure 6 shows an exemplary embodiment for assigning correspondence numbers of data stored on a sending network node, in a virtual database, and on a receiving network node.

When data is transmitted by the host 313, the numbers of parameters (variables) whose values are stored in the real-time data database 323 (and which will be transferred as part of the real-time data sets and data archives) are converted by the host 313 into the network numbers of the parameters (numbers in the virtual database data, virtual parameter numbers in the virtual database), which are added to the parameter values transmitted to at least one other network node, for example, to the network node 373. Parameter number (real-time data) on the transmitting node e network, whose value is stored in the real time data database (323) determines a location (in particular the position) of the value stored in said database. The parameter (data) number in the virtual database (network parameter number, virtual identifier) determines the location of the value stored in the real-time data set transmitted by the packets (or, in the particular case, the data archive), in particular, in the database containing the transmitted data, moreover, in such a database (network database, virtual database) the parameter values are transmitted to other network nodes. At each network node, the parameter numbers in the virtual database are converted into parameter (data) numbers in the database of the receiving network node, the values of which are stored in the real-time database of the corresponding network nodes. So, for example, a group of parameters with parameter numbers whose values (numbers) are stored in the real-time data database 313 and are equal, for example, “1” and “2”, respectively (ie, in the particular case, the value of the first parameter is stored in the first a cell of the table of the real-time data database, and the value of the second parameter in the second cell of such a table) is converted to the virtual database parameter numbers, for example, “3” and “4”, and written to the data packet transmitted to the computer network, at least at least one host, for example, host 373. alley on receipt of the packet data network node 373 converts the parameter numbers "3" and "4" virtual database parameter numbers (data) of the receiving network node, e.g., "1" and "255" respectively. Also, at least one other node, different from node 373, which received a data packet sent to the computer network, converts the network parameter numbers of the virtual database “3” and “4” into the parameter numbers of the receiving network node, for example, “5” and "4" respectively. Conversion of the parameter numbers of the transmitting side (transmitting network node) to the virtual database parameter numbers is performed by the transmitting data sets by the network node (or at least one module of such a network node or an associated module) using the correspondence (communication) table of the transmitting side parameter numbers with the parameter numbers of the virtual database, an example of which is shown in FIG. 7 (707, table of correspondence of parameter numbers of the transmitting network node 626 to parameter numbers of the virtual database 636). When forming the data sets transmitted by the data packets, the network node 313 reads the parameter numbers from the real-time data database 323 of the network node 313 and searches for them in the correspondence table 707 (FIG. 7), after which it reads the numbers of the virtual database parameters corresponding to them in the same table 707 (FIG. 7), after which it adds them to the transmitted data packets. The inverse transformation of the virtual database parameter numbers into the parameter numbers of the receiving network node 646 is carried out by the receiving network packet (or, at least, by one module of such a network node or an associated module), for example, by the network node 373, using the correspondence table (808, FIG. 808) of the virtual database parameter numbers 636 and the parameter numbers of the receiving network node 646, an exemplary embodiment of which is shown in FIG. 8.

In the process of forming by a node of a network 313 packets containing real-time data sets (including full-time real-time data sets, sets of only changed real-time data, including during control data transfer), the network node 313 converts the data parameter numbers transmitted by the network nodes packets (656) of data to other network nodes. In particular, parameter numbers of the virtual database 636 are assigned for values from the real-time data database 323, each parameter number of the virtual database 636 corresponds to the parameter number of the transmitting network node 626 for the value stored in the real-time data database 323, as shown in FIG. . 7.

Claims (44)

1. A method of organizing data storage on network nodes with data transfer between network nodes with predictable loading of network nodes for real-time systems, in which: - on each computing device associated with at least one control object, the clock cycle of the computing device is set equal to the frequency of receiving data from the control object; - receive, at least on one control object, a real-time data set containing the measured values from the measuring transducers of the sensors of the parameters of the control object, and / or the values calculated on their basis, including bitwise packed into a separate byte - status byte - the results of the verification of the measured or calculated values and comparing them with thresholds - settings, and / or manually entered values and / or obtained in another way, and transmit such a set of received data to at least one computing device; - each clock cycle of the computing device stores on the computing device the obtained data set in the shared RAM of the computing device in an array of ring buffers, the array of ring buffers containing at least two sets of values, where the first set of values contains the data set received by the computing device for the last clock of the computing device, and the second set of values contains the data set received by the computing device for the penultimate clock a computing device, the data in an array of ring buffers being updated by the computing device every cycle of the computing device; - save on the long-term memory device the data contained in the obtained data set, changed from the previous clock of the computing device, and with a period of several tens of clocks of the computing device, save all the data at the end of the clock of the computing device, and also save manual operator input data and / or data calculated on the basis of real-time archive data stored in the RAM of the computing device and on the long-term device memory, including planned indicators for the future; - the data mentioned above, which have changed from the previous clock of the computing device, are accumulated in an array of ring buffers in the RAM of the computing device, which, at the clock of the computing device, which stores all the data and, including them, are compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms , including, but not limited to, data archiving algorithms, and are stored on a long-term memory device; - at least one computing device is associated with at least one other computing device, and such computing devices are combined into a computer network and are network nodes; - real-time data of the last clock cycle of the computing device is transmitted to the computer network by the computing device from arrays of ring buffers every clock cycle of the computing device or less, the data is transmitted all or selected from the list, including a given listing or a range of numbers in the array, and such data is transmitted in full or only changed from the previous clock of the computing device, and when transmitting changed data, the transmission clock p veins of the clock of the computing device, as well as when transferring changed data once with a period of several tens of clocks of the computing device, if specified during configuration, all the data specified for transmission is transmitted, where the current data is transmitted by low-level protocol packets that provide transmission without confirmation and without the formation of a communication channel, moreover, the packet is broadcast, multicast, or with a specific address of the receiving network node and one of common signs: UDP port number of the TCP / IP stack or IPX socket of the IPX / SPX stack, and this sign defines a virtual array of ring buffers and addresses in the transmitted packet are transferred to a virtual array of ring buffers contained in the current data packet, and the transmitted packets are received by the network node, on which the reception of packets having the specified generalizing attribute is set by configuration, and for such a generalizing characteristic, the correspondence of the data address in the virtual database with the addresses in the base is also indicated on the receiving network node their data receiving node, in accordance with which the data from the received packet are written to the ring buffer array current data receiving node; - real-time data that has changed from the previous clock of the computing device, which were accumulated in an array of ring buffers in RAM and compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms, and then stored on a long-term memory device, are also transferred to the computing clock the network is a packet of lower level protocols that provide transmission without confirmation and without the formation of a communication channel, UDP TCP / IP stack or IPX IPX / SPX stack, and within the period of transmission of compressed data is repeated at least once and together with the said compressed data in the first cycle, data is transmitted on the compressed data present on the node from the moment it was recorded on such a network node; - packets transmitted to the computer network with compressed archived data of another network node are received by the network node and stored on the long-term memory device in a section or directory specified by configuring the network node for the data of the transmitting network node; - simultaneously with the reception of compressed data periodically sent from the transmitting network node, the receiving network node analyzes the information received with such data on the presence of compressed archive data at the transmitting network node, and the network node compares it with the data stored on the receiving network node, and if missing data is detected, the receiving the host sends a UDP packet to the sending host with a list of missing compressed archived data, and in response, the sending host along with periodically sent compressed archive data at the receiving network node from which the request arrives sends UDP packets with the requested missing data, evenly distributed over several transmission periods, and in the first packet of such transmission, a packet distribution table with the missing data by transmission periods and after the end of the last period specified in the aforementioned is transmitted the table receiving the host network checks the completeness of the compressed archived data and, if they are incomplete in comparison with the transmitting host network, the receiving host network is issued again a request to the sending network node for sending data. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the cycle of the computing device is determined by the inertia of one or more control objects associated with the computing device, while the cycle of the computing device is set by the operator or automatically by the computing device three to four times less than the time constant of the object management having the least inertia. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the long-term storage device is a hard disk drive or flash memory. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the computing device or control object receives data from the measuring transducers of the object parameter sensors by recalculating the measured values, including the calculated control actions, using the coefficients of the calculation algorithms for the data contained in the data sets. 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the computing device compares the data in the obtained data set for the last cycle of the computing device with the stored data for the previous cycle of the computing device to determine the changed data from the previous cycle of the computing device. 6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the control object transmits to the computing device only the changed data from the previous clock of the computing device. 7. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that when the time of the value of the planned indicator, it is recorded in the current value of one or more elements of the array of current data in shared memory. 8. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the real-time data is transmitted to the computer network, at least one computing device, which is the network node of the computer network, if specified by the configuration of the network node. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the configuration using the list sets the address filter of nodes from which packets are received by the receiving node, and packets are received only from the nodes specified in this list, which increases the security of the system about the possibility of unauthorized or erroneous exposure . 10. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the network node is configured to transmit and receive packets according to one or more general characteristics. 11. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the computing device compares the received data with the stored data to determine the changed data or the computing device receives the changed data from the control object, and the control device determines the changed data. 12. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the real-time data that has changed from the previous clock of the computing device, which were accumulated in an array of ring buffers in RAM and compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms, and then stored on the device long-term memory, also on the same clock cycle are transmitted to the computer network by lower-level protocol packets, if specified by the host configuration. 13. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the network node is configured to transmit compressed archive data packets to several network nodes and receive compressed archive data from several network nodes. 14. A system for organizing data storage at network nodes with data transfer between network nodes with predictable loading of network nodes for real-time systems, which includes: - computing devices associated with control objects, moreover, on each computing device, the clock cycle of such a computing device is set, not more than the frequency of receiving data from each of the control objects, moreover, the computing devices are combined into a computer network and are nodes of such a computer network; - control objects, which receive real-time data sets containing measured values from measuring transducers of sensors of the parameters of the control object and transmit such a set of received data to computing devices; - a shared RAM for each of the computing devices, in which for each computing device each clock of the computing device is stored in an array of ring buffers, the array of ring buffers containing at least two sets of values, where the first set of values contains the data set obtained the computing device for the last cycle of the computing device, and the second set of values contains the set of data received by the computing device for the penultimate cycle bots of the computing device, the data in the array of ring buffers being updated by the computing device every cycle of the computing device, and manual operator input data is also stored there, and the manual input data includes control commands for the control object and coefficients of the calculation algorithms for the data contained in the data sets; - a long-term memory device for each computing device in which the data contained in the obtained data set, which has changed from the previous clock cycle of the computing device, is stored, and with a period of several tens of clock cycles of the computing device, all data is saved for the clock cycle of the computing device, and save manual operator input data and / or data calculated on the basis of real-time archive data stored in the RAM of the computing device on the long-term memory device, including planned indicators for the future, as well as on the long-term memory device, the data mentioned above, which have changed from the previous clock of the computing device, are stored in the array of ring buffers in the RAM of the computing device, which at the clock of the computing device , on which all data is stored, is compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms, including, but not limited to, a data archiving; - a communication module, selected hardware or software only, that transfers real-time data of the last clock cycle of the computing device to the computer network from arrays of ring buffers every clock cycle of the computing device or less often, the data mentioned is transmitted all or selected from the list, including the one specified or a range of numbers in the array, and such data is transmitted in full or only changed from the previous clock of the computing device, p Moreover, when transferring changed data, the transfer cycle is equal to the operating time of the computing device, also when transmitting changed data, if specified by the configuration, all data specified for transmission is transmitted once with a period of several tens of cycles of operation of the computing device, where the current data is transmitted by the lower protocol protocols level, providing transmission without confirmation and without the formation of a communication channel, moreover, the packet is broadcast, multicast or specifying one of the generalizing signs: the UDP port number of the TCP / IP stack or the IPX socket of the IPX / SPX stack, and this sign defines a virtual array of ring buffers and the transmitted packet contains addresses in a virtual array of ring buffers contained in the packet of current data, moreover, the transmitted packets are received by the network node, on which the configuration is set to receive packets having the specified generalizing attribute, and for such a generalizing characteristic, the corresponding node is also indicated on the receiving network node the data addresses in the virtual database are the addresses in the current database of the receiving node, according to which the data from the received packet are written into the array of ring buffers of the current data of the receiving node and the real-time data that have changed from the previous clock cycle of the computing device that were accumulated in the ring array buffers in RAM and compressed using one of the well-known data compression algorithms, after which they are stored on a long-term memory device, also transmitted on the same clock I’m sent to the computer network with packets of lower level protocols that ensure the transfer without confirmation and without the formation of a communication channel, the UDP TCP / IP stack or IPX IPX / SPX stack, and within the period, the transmission of compressed data is repeated at least once and in place with the mentioned compressed data in the first clock, data on the compressed data present on the node is transmitted from the moment it was recorded on such a network node; and - packets transmitted to the computer network with compressed archived data of another network node are received by the network node and stored on the long-term memory device in a section or directory specified by configuring the network node for the data of the transmitting network node; Where - simultaneously with the reception of compressed data periodically sent by the communication module from the transmitting network node, the receiving network node, the information received by the communication module with such data on the availability of compressed archive data at the transmitting network node and the network node is compared with that stored on the receiving network node, and upon detection the missing host sends a UDP packet to the sending host with a list of missing compressed archived data, and in response the sending host along with the period by manually sending compressed archive data to the receiving network node from which the request came, it sends UDP packets with the requested missing data, evenly distributed over several transmission periods, and the packet distribution table with the missing data by transmission periods is transmitted in the first packet of such transmission, and after the end of the last period indicated in the table, the receiving network node checks the completeness of the compressed archived data and, if incomplete, in comparison with the transmitting node th network node receiving the network issued a second request to the transmitting node of the data dosylka. 15. The system of claim 14, which comprises data acquisition modules that transmit real-time data sets from the measuring transducers of the sensors of the parameters of the control object to the control objects. 16. The system according to p. 14, in which the cycle of the computing device is determined by the inertia of one or more control objects associated with the computing device, while the cycle of the computing device is set by the operator or automatically by the computing device is three to four times less than the time constant of the control object, having the least inertia. 17. The system of claim 14, wherein the long-term storage device is a hard disk drive or flash memory. 18. The system of claim 14, wherein the computing device or control object receives data from the measuring transducers of the parameters of the control object by recalculating the measured values, including the calculated control actions, using the coefficients of the calculation algorithms for the data contained in the data sets. 19. The system of claim 14, wherein the computing device compares the data in the obtained data set for the last clock of the computing device with the stored data for the previous clock of the computing device to determine the changed data from the previous clock of the computing device. 20. The system according to p. 14, in which the control object transfers to the computing device only the changed data from the previous clock of the computing device. 21. The system according to p. 14, in which when the time of the value of the planned indicator, it is recorded in the current value of one or more elements of the array of current data in shared memory. 22. The system according to p. 14, in which real-time data is transmitted to the computer network, at least one computing device, which is the network node of the computer network, if specified by the configuration of the network node. 23. The system of claim 14, wherein the filter sets the address filter of the nodes from which packets are received by the receiving node. 24. The system of claim 14, wherein the transmission and reception of packets is configured on the network node according to one or more general characteristics. 25. The system of claim 14, wherein the computing device compares the received data with the stored data to determine the changed data, or the computing device receives the changed data from the control object, wherein the control device determines the changed data. 26. The system of claim 14, wherein the real-time data that has changed from the previous clock of the computing device, which was accumulated in an array of ring buffers in RAM and compressed using one of the known data compression algorithms, is then stored on a long-term memory device are also transmitted on the same clock to the computer network by the lower-level protocol packets, if specified by the configuration of the network node. 27. The system of claim 14, wherein the packet is configured to transmit compressed archive data packets to multiple network nodes and receive compressed archive data from multiple network nodes.

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