RU2707253C1 - Universal fertilizer applicator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: fertilizer applicator comprises a frame, a fertilizer container with a fertilizer supply pipeline, a pump with a drive, a transverse beam, to which by means of attachment units working members are attached, each of which contains a cutting disc, behind which there are a ploughshare with a knife, which is attached to the cutting disc by means of a bracket, which is connected by means of a bracket through a spring safety mechanism to the stand, and a tube for supply of fertilizers. Axles of transport wheels have the possibility of changing wheel track for different spacing width. Transverse beam is equipped with hydraulic cylinders for its lowering and hydraulic cylinders designed for its folding. Frame consists of front half-frame, which is a drawbar with towing device, on which folding transverse beam is installed with working members for subsurface introduction of liquid or loose fertilizers, or cross bar with nozzles for external spraying of liquid fertilizers, and rear half-frame installed on transport wheels with fixed on it capacity for fertilizers. Both half-frames are interconnected by a horizontal hinge. Pump station includes pump for supply of liquid fertilizers and hydraulic motor for pump drive, connected to each other by means of elastic coupling. Additionally, the fertilizer applicator comprises a canister. In the tractor cabin there is a control panel of the electronic distribution unit for dosed supply of fertilizers placed on the front semi-frame. Holder of the working tool attachment is rigidly connected to the post and located under the transverse beam.

EFFECT: enabling creation of convenient, simple and reliable unit, which allows efficient and qualitative introduction of different types of fertilizers in different ways.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely, devices for intrasoil and surface application of liquid or loose fertilizers.

The closest solution to the claimed invention is a plant feeder containing a frame on which the working bodies in the form of cutting discs and a fertilizer tank with a pipe for feeding fertilizers are mounted, moreover, a transverse frame with support wheels for mounting the working bodies is additionally mounted on the device frame, moreover, the working body of the plant feeder is the openers, each of which, with the help of a fastener, is mounted on the frame with the possibility of vertical and horizontal movement Ia and comprises a disc inside, for which established and knife tube for supplying fertilizers (see. № RU Russian patent 162,407, IPC A01S 23/00, publ. 06.10.2016).

The disadvantages of this device is that all the elements are mounted on a common frame, which worsens the distribution of loads on the soil, the installation of support wheels on a transverse frame with working bodies, the need for height adjustment of the support wheels and coulters, the pump is driven by means of a universal joint pump for feeding liquid fertilizers the shaft connecting the pump to the tractor power take-off shaft, the possibility of using only for the intra-soil method of fertilizing.

The technical task is to create a convenient, simple and reliable unit that allows you to efficiently and efficiently apply various types of fertilizers in different ways.

The technical problem is solved in that in the universal feeder containing the frame, a fertilizer tank with a pipeline for feeding fertilizers, a pump with a drive, a transverse beam to which working bodies are attached using fastening nodes, each of which contains a cutting disc, behind which the coulter is mounted with a knife, which is attached with a bracket to a cutting disc connected with a bracket via a spring safety mechanism to the stand, and the fertilizer feed tube, the axles of the transport wheels are possible the possibility of changing the track of the wheels for different row spacing widths, the transverse beam is equipped with hydraulic cylinders for lowering it and hydraulic cylinders designed to fold it, according to the invention, the frame consists of a front half frame, which is a drawbar with a hitch, on which a folding transverse beam with working bodies for intrasoil is mounted applying liquid or bulk fertilizers or a transverse rod with nozzles for external spraying of liquid fertilizers, and a rear half-frame mounted on transport vehicles scaffolding with a fertilizer tank attached to it, both half frames connected by a horizontal hinge, a pump station, which includes a pump for feeding liquid fertilizers and a hydraulic motor for pump drive, interconnected by an elastic coupling, as well as a wash basin, in the tractor cab there is a control panel for the electronic distribution unit for dosed fertilizer supply, located on the front frame, the bracket for fastening the working body is rigidly connected to the rack and is located under peppermint beam.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to improve the quality of fertilizer application, improve the working conditions of the operator, more evenly distribute the loads on the soil, reduce the time it takes to prepare the unit for work, the possibility of subsoil and surface liquid fertilizer application using one unit by replacing the front half frame with working bodies. The essence of the feedman is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a front view - side view of the feeding station; in FIG. 2 is a side view of the feeding station; in FIG. 3 presents a General view of the working body.

The universal feeder (Fig. 1) consists of a towing device 1 and two half-frames 2 and 3, interconnected by a horizontal hinge 4. The rear half-frame 3 is mounted on transport wheels 5. A container 6 with a pipeline for feeding fertilizers is fixed on it (not shown ) The rear frame 3 is equipped with a platform 7 for maintenance. The track of the wheels 5 of the rear half frame 3 may vary depending on the width of the row spacing. The front frame 2 consists of a drawbar with a towing device 1 for aggregation with a tractor and a folding transverse beam 8 with working bodies 9 fixed on it for intra-soil introduction of liquid or loose fertilizers or a transverse bar with nozzles for external spraying of liquid fertilizers. To lower the transverse beam 8 to the working position and set the required depth of fertilizer application, two hydraulic cylinders 10 are installed, controlled from the tractor cab. On the transverse beam 8 with the working bodies 9 there are two hydraulic cylinders 11 for folding it into the transport position. A pump station 12 is installed on the front half frame 2, which includes a pump for supplying liquid fertilizers and a hydraulic motor for pump drive, interconnected by an elastic coupling, as well as an electronic fertilizer distribution and supply unit 13, the control panel of which is installed in the tractor cabin. The hydraulic motor is also controlled from the tractor cab. The rear frame 3 (Fig. 2) is equipped with a canister-sink 14 for washing hands and washing eyes.

The working body 9 (Fig. 3) for intrasoil fertilizer application contains a coulter 15, which, with the help of the rack 16 and the bracket 17, is attached to the transverse beam 8. The bracket 17 is rigidly connected to the column 16 and secured under the transverse beam 8, creating additional rigidity and eliminating movement opener 15 during operation. The distance between the working bodies 9 can be set depending on the width of the aisle. The working body 9 also includes a cutting disk 18 of various shapes, for example, with a notch, sharpening, cuts, undulations, behind which a coulter 15 with a knife 19 and a tube 20 for supplying liquid fertilizers are installed. The coulter 15 with the bracket 21 is attached to the disk 18, which in turn with the bracket 22 and the spring safety mechanism 23 is mounted on the rack 16. The spring safety mechanism 23 is installed to protect the elements of the working body 9 from overloads. When the working body 9 collides with an obstacle (stone or other solid object), the disk 18 with the opener 15 compresses the spring of the mechanism 23 and deviates back, letting the obstacle pass, and then under the action of the spring of the mechanism 23 return to the working position.

The universal feed dresser works as follows.

The feeder connected to the tractor via the hitch 1 is transported to the field for applying liquid or loose fertilizers. If necessary, the required track of the wheels 5 is pre-set so that the wheels 5 fall on the aisle when driving. The distance between the working bodies 9 with the required row spacing is also set. Using the hydraulic cylinders 11, the beam 8 with the working bodies 9 is laid out. Then, using the hydraulic cylinders 10, the beam 8 with the working bodies 9 is lowered and the coulters 15 are deepened to the required size. The electronic unit 13 distribution and metered feed using the remote control installed in the tractor cabin, sets the required fertilizer consumption. After that, the drive of the hydraulic motor of the pump station 12 is turned on, which drives the pump. From the tank 6 through the pipeline, the working solution by the pumping station 12 is supplied to each opener 15 by the control signal of the electronic distribution unit 13 via tubes 20 for feeding fertilizers into the soil with a given depth and application rate. This does not require additional adjustments for the installation of openers 15 and fertilizer consumption. When turning, the tractor driver turns off the drive of the pumping station 12 and with the help of hydraulic cylinders 10 raises the beam 8 with the working bodies 9, while the coulters 15 are deepened. After a turn, the work cycle is repeated. If the working solution gets on human skin, it is possible to wash your hands and face with clean water from the wash can 14.

Claims (1)

A universal feeder containing a frame, a fertilizer tank with a fertilizer supply pipe, a pump with a drive, a transverse beam to which working bodies are attached using fastening nodes, each of which contains a cutting disc, behind which a coulter with a knife is installed, which with a bracket attached to the cutting disk, connected with a bracket through a spring safety mechanism with a stand, and the fertilizer feed tube, the axles of the transport wheels have the ability to change the wheel track under different the width of the row spacing, the transverse beam is equipped with hydraulic cylinders for lowering it and hydraulic cylinders designed for its folding, characterized in that the frame consists of a front half frame, which is a drawbar with a towing device, on which a folding transverse beam with working bodies for intra-soil introduction of liquid or loose fertilizer, or a transverse bar with nozzles for external spraying of liquid fertilizers, and a rear half-frame mounted on transport wheels with a tank attached to it For fertilizers, both half frames are interconnected by a horizontal hinge, a pump station, which includes a pump for feeding liquid fertilizers and a hydraulic motor for pump drive, interconnected by means of an elastic coupling, as well as a canister-wash basin, a control panel is installed in the tractor cab an electronic distribution unit for dosed fertilizer supply, located on the front frame, the mounting bracket of the working body is rigidly connected to the rack and is located under the transverse beam.

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