RU2705602C1 - Method of crew evacuation from a tank or armored fighting vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue operations; military equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method of evacuation from tank by application of distractions with the mannequin. Crew members open the upper hatch, alternately crawl out through it, simultaneously controlling and evaluating the external environment. At that, after the hatch opening, additional operations are performed: a predetermined dummy of the crew member is exposed through it outside, manipulated by him, simulating movements of the crew evacuating member, external environment is monitored and evaluated for lack of presence or approximate direction of mannequin firing, dummy is pushed out, releasing opening of hatch, control and evaluation of external environment is continued, decision is made on tactic of evacuation of crew proper.

EFFECT: higher survival rate of crews of tanks, armored personnel carriers and other armored vehicles due to use of imitation tactics.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to military affairs and is at the same time at the junction of the areas: human dummies (dolls) filled with fluid; methods of conducting military or other special operations; offensive or defense means not referred to other groups of the IPC.

In a battle, part of tanks, armored personnel carriers and other armored vehicles disables the enemy (defeats). Surviving crew members, as a rule, are forced to leave the car - to evacuate. To do this, use mainly the upper hatch (upper hatches). Often, evacuating crew members are fired from small arms to kill. Shelling begins, as a rule, already when protruding from the hatch evacuated from the opening approximately to the waist. This is the main problem that remains relevant and therefore laid the foundation of the claimed invention.

For military purposes, various methods and devices for simulating potential targets for enemy weapons (installation of false objects) have been widely used and continue to be used. The use of such means is a time-tested introduction of the enemy (primarily reconnaissance means, fighters directly on the battlefield, etc.) into error.

Including a fighter simulator ("stuffed") in sniper tactics, inflatable elastic shells, which when filled with air take the form of a tank, plane, rocket and other object in full size and with other characteristic external signs. In terms of inflatable equipment (plus “inflatable Piggy” in the order of conversion) in Russia, the Rusbal enterprise was especially successful in this. However, we do not have official data on the “inflatable crew members” of armored vehicles that descended from the Rusbal conveyor or its foreign analogues.

It’s close enough to solving the indicated problem by potential capabilities and device (but not by the method of known use), the industrially mastered product “lifeguard model”, which is a standing mannequin, equipped with equipment for industrial mountaineering (airborne landing), dimensions 1800 × 500 × 260 mm and weighing 20 kg. [one. Visual layout of rescue equipment with original samples "Industrial mountaineering and landing training." URL: http://www.zarnitza.ru/katalog-tovarov/bezopasnost/pozharnaja-bezopasnostgrazhdanskaja-oborona-i-cherezvychajjnye-situatsii/uchebnoe-oborudovanie-po-alpinizmu/kompleks-unpnogovnogovnogo snarjazheniju-dlja-spasatelejj-mchs / nagljadnyjj-maket-ekipirovki-spasatelja-s-originalnymi-obraztsami-promyshlennyjj-alpinizm-i-desantnaja-podgotovka /].

They are not transformable enough, but can easily be changed into a uniform typical for crew members of a tank, armored personnel carrier or other armored vehicle.

In peaceful branches of human activity, inflatable figures of fantastic or prehistoric animals are used for entertaining "hunting" for them [2. RU 2250794, A63G 31/00, 04/27/2005] and people - dolls and mannequins for games, demonstrations of civilian clothes and equipment, first aid training [3. RU 2189640, 09/20/2002], for modeling procedural actions in criminalistics [4. RU 106970, 07.27.2011; 5. RU 2221280, 10.01.2004]. Their use in military affairs is unknown, if you do not take into account the quartermaster's segment — the demonstration of military clothing and ammunition on them, by analogy with the mentioned source [1].

Arthur Conan-Doyle described a fictional case of the successful use of Sherlock Holmes’s own full-scale dummy (doll) as a bait for his unlucky “opponent”. But this dummy was not inflatable (only an arrow was inflated from, again, an air gun).

Worldwide, in the sex industry, full-scale, made of elastic gas and waterproof materials (vinyl, latex), models of female and male human beings — the so-called “inflatable women” and “inflatable men” [6. Inflatable doll "Gary B" middle class // Internet resource: http://www.odinplus.com/view.asp/id=136]. They are used either for their main purpose, or for other purposes, but again mainly in the entertainment industry: as individual watercraft [7. “Babble Baba Challerge” - 2007. Rafting on inflatable rubber women along the Losevsky threshold // Internet resource: http; // ergin.ru/life/20070825-babi, html] and even as fashionable waterproof clothing [8. How to use an inflatable woman for other purposes // Internet resource: http://fun.tochka.net/blogs-kak-ispolzovat-naduvnuyu-kuklu-ne-po-naznacheniyu-95].

In the projects of bloggers on the Internet, it is allowed to fill "inflatable women" not only with air, but also with the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine directly from the exhaust pipe [9. Berserker, 04.16.2009, 12.25 // Internet resource: http://forum.dirt.ru/archive/index.php/t-140263.html].

Among the known projects for using “inflatable women” for other purposes, there is information about the allegedly planned training at the enterprise NPP Rusbal for the order of the Russian Armed Forces for the production and supply of army inflatable women with a range of application from minus 40 to plus degrees Celsius, increased strength and wear resistance, as well as high buoyancy, to remote garrisons, to ships and submarines, which "will allow using them as means of overcoming water barriers and means of individual rescue on water" [10. URL: http://www.sdelanounas.ru/blogs/15768].

The above analogues with links to information sources are related to the subject of the claimed invention, however, in their main purpose do not coincide with it.

Roughly the same is true for the author’s “parallel” development - the method of airborne landing and using, along with full-scale assault forces, false paratroopers in the form of liquid-filled rubber models equipped with airborne paratroopers [11. RU 2524875 C2, A63H 3/00, 08/10/2014].

The closest in purpose (scope) and a set of essential features (sequence of actions) to the claimed method is (adopted) a method of evacuation from the tank, in which crew members open the top hatch, alternately get out through it, while simultaneously monitoring and evaluating the external situation, and leave the car [12. Sazhin N.L. Tank in battle. M .: Military Publishing, 1973.- S. 81, para. one; 96, para. 3 “Inspection of the bridge”].

It refers to the dismounting of the commander and gunner not from a wrecked tank as a kind of armored vehicle (instructions for such a situation were not found by the applicant applicant), but the normative actions of the tank crew in carrying out reconnaissance missions.

However, this is not of fundamental importance in this context, and this method of landing, with all its positive aspects, has a number of drawbacks that determine its insufficiently high capabilities for crew survival. When the first and subsequent crew members appear, during the evacuation of the upper hatch (top hatches) emerging through the opening (s) and subsequent movement “on the armor”, they are likely to be hit by the enemy from small arms of the enemy’s armored vehicles and / or infantry, sight invisible to evacuated.

In addition, the crew of a combat-ready armored vehicle sometimes lacks drinking water (especially in arid areas), fuel for a power plant or domestic needs, and spare uniforms.

The task to which the claimed method is aimed to evacuate the crew of an armored vehicle is to increase the survival and material support of crews of tanks, armored personnel carriers and other armored vehicles) combat, through the use of imitation tactics ("military trick") - preemptive evacuation of the crew "evacuation" of the dummy member crew.

In fact, the next "call for inflatable models of people for military service."

The solution to this problem is provided by the fact that in the method of parachuting the crew from a tank or an armored personnel carrier, in which crew members open the top hatch, alternately get out through it, simultaneously monitoring and evaluating the external situation, and leave the car, according to the claimed invention, after opening the hatch alone or more than one crew member (usually preparing to be the first to evacuate and helping him) carry out the following additional operations: a crew member’s wound dummy about to the waist; manipulate him, simulating the characteristic movements of the evacuated crew member and at the same time monitoring and evaluating the external situation for the absence or presence and approximate direction of fire at him; completely push the dummy out, freeing the opening of the hatch, continuing to monitor and evaluate the external environment; and decide on the tactics of evacuating the crew themselves.

A number of private sets of essential features of the method are also aimed at solving the problem, within the framework of the main set of its features formulated in the previous paragraph and in the claims, namely:

- as an imitation of a crew member, an inflatable mannequin filled with a gaseous or liquid fluid - air, water or fuel can be used - outfitted similarly to crew members (this will at least “eat up” the deficient internal volume of the machine in case of storage of “deflated” (empty) dummy and partially justifies (compensates) the indicated “eating up” of the useful volume in case of additional use of dummy as a temporary capacity for the supply of water or fuel);

- in the case of a shelling of a dummy recorded by the crew from a certain direction, the crew can be evacuated in the opposite direction (this will more secure the enemy evacuating from the impact of the damaging factors of small arms on them).

Implementation (implementation) of the proposed method of evacuation is possible both by the use of known devices (material objects), as well as new ones, which differ from the currently available small changes (upgrades), which, on the one hand, can obviously be followed by specialists from the modern level of technology, and on the other hand, through essentially new devices at the level of inventions and utility models. An example of this is given above in the paragraph about the "dressing up" of a rescue mannequin from the Ministry of Emergencies.

The figure shows a damaged tank in a simplified way; from the top hatch (tower hatch) open from the bottom, the crew set up a fake crew member with the slogan “I fire myself.”

The inventive method of evacuating the crew of 1 tank 2 or an armored personnel carrier (in the annex to the tank, as a rule, in the amount of three crew members 1 and one dummy 3 crew members) consists in the following sequence and content of operations (actions of material entities 1 over material object 3 and themselves over by yourself):

- crew members 1 (one or more than one) open the top hatch 4;

- they also bring to a working state (in a “human appearance”, if this has not been done before) dummy 3;

- they (at least one crew member 1) take the dummy 3 on their hands and put it in the opening of the hatch 4, preferably about to the waist;

- at the same time, with all available means or a part of them (eyesight, hearing, tank monitoring devices), crew 1 monitors and evaluates the external situation for the absence or presence and approximate direction of firing on dummy 3 (about the bullet falling into the latter, crew 1 can judge in particular, by abrupt deflating of it or leakage of liquid from it, depending on what model 3 is filled with);

- crew 1 for a short time (“without replaying”) manipulates a fake 3, simulating the characteristic movements of an evacuated crew member (like the manipulations of puppet theater artists), tilting and turning it, while continuing to monitor and evaluate the external situation for lack or presence and an approximate direction mannequin shooting 3;

- as a rule, regardless of the result of such reconnaissance, crew 1 completely push the dummy 3 out of its “legs” outward, freeing the opening of hatch 4 and continuing to monitor and evaluate the external situation;

- crew 1 takes a command or collegial decision on the evacuation tactics of crew 1 itself;

- crew members 1 implement their decision, alternately (first, second, third, ...) crawling out through the opening of hatch 4 to the outside (“on the armor” of the tank), while simultaneously monitoring (visually and by ear, including through tank observation devices) the situation, but already for the likely shelling of themselves;

- crew 1 also in turn, without stopping, as a rule, on the armor, leave the car (hide behind the tank, move away from the tank on the ground, go on the attack, ruthlessly wreaking death on the enemy and destroying his armored vehicles, etc.

As a model 3 crew members 1 use, preferably, an inflatable mannequin filled with a gaseous or liquid fluid - air, water or fuel (diesel) - outfitted similarly to crew members (including a headset, up to "personal" small arms).

In the case of shelling of a model 3 fixed by the crew, crew 1 is evacuated from a certain direction (“falls out” over the edge of the opening of the hatch 4) in the opposite direction.

In the simplest case, as the shell of the basis of dummy 3 use a sex doll "rubber woman" or "rubber man", produced in series.

Thus, the use of the proposed method for the evacuation of the crew of armored vehicles can significantly increase the survival of crews due to “reconnaissance” using a “false tanker”, misleading the enemy regarding the “identity of the evacuated”, tactical disorientation, and the possibility of rationalizing escape routes.

“Payment” for the indicated military-technical and tactical result can be called the need to allocate “quotas” to the false tanker in terms of the volume of habitable space of the vehicle, which is already crowded. However, this compulsory concomitant drawback also pays off with additional features of the model: as a storehouse for a supply of drinking water (which is crucial in the arid areas of a likely theater of operations) or fuel (for the power plant of the machine or the crew’s domestic needs), plus, in the end, a spare ammunition kit crew members. In the inflatable version of the model, it is stored in a machine in a compact folded state.

Claims (3)

1. A method of evacuating a crew from a tank or an armored personnel carrier, in which crew members open the top hatch, alternately get out through it, simultaneously monitoring and evaluating the external situation, and leave the car, characterized in that after opening the hatch they carry out the following additional operations: put through it outwardly pre-arranged fake of a crew member about to the waist; manipulate him, simulating the characteristic movements of the evacuated crew member and at the same time monitoring and evaluating the external situation for the absence or presence and approximate direction of fire at him; completely push the dummy out, freeing the opening of the hatch, continuing to monitor and evaluate the external environment; and decide on the tactics of evacuating the crew themselves. 2. The evacuation method according to claim 1, characterized in that an inflatable mannequin filled with a gaseous or liquid fluid — air, water or fuel — is equipped like a crew member as a dummy for a crew member. 3. The evacuation method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the case of shelling of a model fixed by the crew from a certain direction, the crew is evacuated in the opposite direction.

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